2015十年英語(yǔ)二真題及答案解析

SectionⅠUseofANSWERSHEET1.（10points）Inourcontemporaryculture,theprospectofcommunicatingwith--orevenlookingat--astrangerisvirtuallyunbearable.Everyonearoundusseemstoagreebythewaytheyfiddlewiththeirphones,evenwithouta1It'sasadreality--ourdesiretoavoidinctingwithotherhumanbeings--becausethere's2tobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Butyouwouldn'tknowit,3intoyourphone.Thisuniversalarmorsendsthe4:"Pleasedon'tapproachme."Whatisitthatmakesusfeelweneedtohide5ourOneanswerisfear,accordingtoJonWortmann,executivementalcoach.Wefearrejection,orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe6as"creepy,".Wefearwe'llbe7.Wefearwe'llbedisruptive.Strangersareinherently8tous,sowearemorelikelytofeel9whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriendsandacquaintances.Toavoidthisanxiety,we10toourphones."Phones eoursecurityblanket,"Wortmannsays."Theyareourhappyglassesthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore11."Butonceweripoffthebandaid,tuckoursmartphonesinourpocketsandlookup,itdoesn't12sobad.Inone2011experiment,behavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJulianaSchroederaskedcommuterstodotheunthinkable:Starta13.TheyhadChicagotraincommuterstalktotheirfellow14."WhenDr.EpleyandMs.Schroederaskedotherpeopleinthesametrainstationto15howtheywouldfeelaftertalkingtoastranger,thecommutersthoughttheir16wouldbemorepleasantiftheysatontheirown,"theNewYorkTimessummarizes.Thoughtheparticipantsdidn'texpectapositiveexperience,afterthey17withtheexperiment,"notasinglereportedhavingbeensnubbed."18,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosesanscommunication,whichmakesabsolutesense,19humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.It'sthat20:Talkingtostrangerscanmakeyoufeelconnected.[A]ticket[B]permit[C]signall[D][A]nothing[B]link[C]another[D][A]beaten[B]guided[C]plugged[D][A]message[B]cede[C]notice[D][A]under[B]beyond[C]behind[D][A]misinterprete[B]misapplied[C]misadjusted[D][A]fired[B]judged[C]reced[D][A]unreasonable[B]ungreatful[C]unconventional[D][A]comfortable[B]anxious[C]confident[D][A]attend[B]point[C]take[D][A]dangerous[B]mysterious[C]violent[D][A]hurt[B]resist[C]bend[D][A]lecture[B]conversation[C]debate[D][A]trainees[B]employees[C]researchers[D][A]reveal[B]choose[C]predictl[D][A]voyage[B]flight[C]walk[D][A]wentthrough[B]didaway[C]caughtup[D]put[A]Inturn[B]Inparticular[C]Infact[D]In[A]unless[B]since[C]if[D][A]funny[B]simple[C]logical[D]SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys,peopleareactuallymorestressedathomethatatwork.Researchersmeasuredpeople’scortisol,whichisstressmarker,whiletheywereatworkandwhiletheywereathomeandfoundithigheratwhatissupposedtobeaceofrefuge.“Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefoundthatwomenaswellasmenhavelowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome,”writesoneoftheresearchers,SarahDamaske.Infactwomenevensaytheyfeelbetteratwork,shenotes,“Itismen,notwomen,whoreportbeinghappierathomethanatwork.”Anothersurpriseisthatthefindingsholdtrueforboththosewithchildrenandwithout,butmoresofornonparents.Thisiswhypeoplewhoworkoutsidethehomehavebetterhealth.Whatthestudydoesn’tmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestillngworkwhenthey’reathome,whetheritishouseholdworkorworkbroughthomefromtheoffice.Formanymen,theendoftheworkdayisatimetokickback.Forwomenwhostayhome,theynevergettoleavetheoffice.Andforwomenwhoworkoutsidethehome,theyoftenareyingcatch-up-with-householdtasks.Withtheblurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworkceinmakingadjustmentsforworkingwomen,it’snotsurprisingthatwomenaremorestressedathome.Butit’snotjustagenderthing.Atwork,peopleprettymuchknowwhatthey’resupposedtobeng:working,makingmoney,ngthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawan e.Thebargainisverypure:Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-sustainingmoola.Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.Therearealotoftaskstobedone,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourhomecolleagues-yourfamily-havenoclearrewardsfortheirlabor;theyneedtobetalkedintoit,orifthey’reteenagers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalofallelectronicdevices.Plus,they’reyourfamily.Youcannotfireyourfamily.Youneverreallygettogohomefromhome.Soit’snotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyarethetasksapparentlyinfinite,theco-workersaremuchhardertomotivate.AccordingtoParagraph1,mostprevioussurveysfoundthat wasanunrealisticceforgeneratedmorestressthantheworkwasanidealceforstressofferedgreaterrelaxationthantheworkAccordingtoDamaske,whoarelikelytobethehappiestatChildlessChildlessTheblurringofworkingwomen’srolesreferstothefact theyarebothbreadwinnersandtheirhomeisalsoaceforkickingthereisoftenmuchhouseworkleftitisdifficultforthemtoleavetheirTheword“moola”(Line4,Para4)mostprobably Thehomefrontdiffersfromtheworkcein homeishardlyacozierworkingdivisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-householdtasksaregenerallymorefamilylaborisoftenadequayrewardedForyears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreated“aparadox”inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas“toreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose”abachievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaper inginthejournalPsychologicalScience.Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindingsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedtheproject)atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegree.Mostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswitatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegree.Theirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact-wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.Theycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.Manyfirst-generationstudents“struggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation,learnthe‘rulesofthegame,’andtakeadvantageofcollegeresources,”theywrite.Andthis esmoreofaproblemwhencollagesdon’ttalkabouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudents.BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents’educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslacksightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudents’likethemcanimprove.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudents reducedtheirdropoutnarrowedtheachievementmisseditsoriginaldepressedcollegeTheauthoroftheresearcharticleareoptimistic theproblemistheirapproachistherecruitingratehastheirfindingappealtoThestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generation studyatprivatearefromsingle-parentareinneedoffinancialhavefailedtheirTheauthorofthepaperbelievethatfirst-generation areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementcanhaveapotentialinfluenceonothermaylackopportunitiestoapplyforresearchareinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatWemayinferfromthelastparagraph universitiesoftenrejectthecultureofthemiddle-studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofsocialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiences[D]collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestionEvenintraditionaloffices,“thelinguafrancaofcorporateAmericahasgottenmuchmoreemotionalandmuchmoreright-brainedthanitwas20yearsago,”saidHarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorNancyKoehn.Shestartedspinningoffexamples.“IfyouandIparachutedbacktoFortune500companiesin1990,wewouldseemuchlessfrequentuseoftermslikejourney,mission,passion.Thereweregoals,therewerestrategies,therewereobjectives,butwedidn’ttalkaboutenergy;wedidn’ttalkaboutpassion.”Koehnpointedoutthatthisneweraofcorporatevocabularyisvery“team”-oriented—andnotbycoincidence.“Let’snotforgetsports—inmale-dominatedcorporateAmerica,it’sstillabigdeal.It’snotexplicitlyconscious;it’stheideathatI’macoach,andyou’remyteam,andwe’reinthistogether.TherearelotsandlotsofCEOsinverydifferentcompanies,butmostthinkofthemselvesascoachesandthisistheirteamandtheywanttowin.”Thesetermsarealsointendedtoinfuseworkwithmeaning—and,asKhuranapointsout,increaseallegiancetothefirm.“Youhavetheimportationofterminologythathistoricallyusedtobeassociatedwithnon-profitorganizationsandreligiousorganizations:Termslikevision,values,passion,andpurpose,”saidKhurana.Thisnewfocuson alfulfillmentcanhelpkeepemployeesmotivatedamidincreasinglylouddebatesoverwork-lifebalance.The“mommywars”ofthe1990sarestillgoingontoday,promptingargumentsaboutwhywomenstillcan’thaveitallandbookslikeSherylSandberg’sLeanIn,whosetitlehas eabuzzwordinitsownright.Termslikeunplug,offline,life-hack,bandwidth,andcapacityareallaboutsettingboundariesbetweentheofficeandthehome.Butifyourworkisyour“passion,”you’llbemorelikelytodevoteyourselftoit,evenifthatmeansgoinghomefordinnerandthenworkinglongafterthekidsareinbed.Butthisseemstobetheironyofofficespeak:Everyonemakesfunofit,butmanagersloveit,companiesdependonit,andregularpeoplewillinglyabsorbit.AsNunbergsaid,“Youcangetpeopletothinkit’snonsenseatthesametimethatyoubuyintoit.”Inaworkcethat’sfundamentallyindifferenttoyourlifeanditsofficespeakcanhelpyoufigureouthowyourelatetoyourwork—andhowyourworkdefineswhoyouAccordingtoNancyKoehn,officelanguage moremorelessless“team”-orientedcorporatevocabularyiscloselyrelated historicalgendersportsathleticKhuranabelievesthattheimportationofterminologyaims revivehistorical fostercorporatestrengthenemployeeItcanbeinferredthatLean voicesforworkingappealstopassionatetriggersdcbatesamongpraisesmotivatedWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutofficeManagersadmireitbutavoidLinguistsbelieveittobeCompaniesfindittobeRegularpeoplemockitbutacceptitText4Manypeopletalkedofthe288,000newjobstheLaborDepartmentreportedforJune,alongwiththedropintheunemploymentrateto6.1percent,asgoodnews.Andtheywereright.Fornowitappearstheeconomyiscreatingjobsatadecentpace.Westillhavealongwaytogotogetbacktofullemployment,butatleastwearenowfinallymovingforwardatafasterpace.However,thereisanotherimportantpartofthejobspicturethatwaslargelyoverlooked.Therewasabigjumpinthenumberofpeoplewhoreportvoluntarilyworkingpart-time.Thisfigureisnow830,000(4.4percent)aboveitsyearagolevel.BeforeexiningtheconnectiontotheObamacare,itisworthmakinganimportantdistinction.Manypeoplewhoworkpart-timejobsactuallywantfull-timejobs.Theytakepart-timeworkbecausethisisalltheycanget.Anincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeinJune,butthegeneraldirectionhasbeendown.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentisstillfarhigherthanbeforetherecession,butitisdownby640,000(7.9percent)fromitsyearagoWeknowthedifferencebetweenvoluntaryandinvoluntarypart-timeemploymentbecausepeoplelus.ThesurveyusedbytheLaborDepartmentaskspeopleiftheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthereferenceweek.Iftheansweris“yes,”theyareclassifiedasworkingpart-time.Theysurveythenaskswhethertheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthatweekbecausetheywantedtoworklessthanfulltimeorbecausetheyhadnochoice.Theyareonlyclassifiedasvoluntarypart-timeworkersiftheylthesurveytakertheychosetoworklessthan35hoursTheissueofvoluntarypart-timerelatestoObamacarebecauseoneofthemainpurposeswastoallowpeopletogetinsuranceoutsideofemployment.Formanypeople,especiallythosewithserioushealthconditionsoffamilymemberswithserioushealthconditions,beforeObamacaretheonlywaytogetinsurancewasthroughajobthatprovidedhealthinsurance.However,Obamacarehasallowedmorethan12millionpeopletoeithergetinsurancethroughMedicaidortheexchanges.Thesearepeoplewhomaypreviouslyhavefelttheneedtogetafull-timejobthatprovidedinsuranceinordertocoverthemselvesandtheirfamilies.WithObamacarethereisnolongeralinkbetweenemploymentandinsurance.WhichpartofthejobspicturewasTheprospectofathrivingjobTheincreaseofvoluntarypart-timeThepossibilityoffullTheaccelerationofjobManypeopleworkpart-timebecausepreferpart-timejobstofull-timefeelthatisenoughtomakeendscannotgettheirhandsonfull-timehaven’tseentheweaknessoftheInvoluntarypart-timeemploymentintheishardertoacquirethanoneyearshowsageneraltendencyofsatisfiestherealneedoftheislowerthanbeforetheItcanbelearnedthatwithObamacare, itisnolongereasyforpart-timerstogetemploymentisnolongerapreconditiontogetitisstillchallengingtogetinsuranceforfamilyfull-timeemploymentisstillessentialforThetextmainly employmentinthepart-timerinsurancethroughPartBDirections：ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MakeyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Youarenotalone[B]Experiencehelpsyougrow[C]Paveyourownuniquepath[D]Mostofyourfearsareunreal[E]ThinkaboutthepresentmomentDon’tfearresponsibilityforyourTherearemanythingstobegratefulSomeOldTruthstoHelp eToughUnfortunay,lifeisnotabedofroses.Wearegoingthroughlifefacingsadexperiences.Moreover,wearegrievingvariouskindsofloss:afriendship,romanticrelationshiporahouse.Hardtimesmayholdyoudownatwhatusuallyseemslikethemostinopportunetime,butyoushouldrememberthattheywon’tlastforever.Whenourtimeofmourningisover,wepressforward,strongerwithagreaterunderstandingandrespectforlife.Furthermore,theselossesmakeusmatureandeventuallymoveustowardfutureopportunitiesforgrowthandhappiness.IwanttosharetheseoldtruthsI’velearnedalongtheway. Fearisbothusefulandharmful.Thisnormalhumanreactionisusedtoprotectusbysignalingdangerandpreparingustodealwithit.Unfortunay,peoplecreateinnerbarrierswithahelpofexaggeratingfears.MyfavoriteactorWillSmithoncesaid,“Fearisnotreal.Itisaproductofthoughtsyoucreate.Donotmisunderstandme.Dangerisveryreal.Butfearisachoice.”Idocompleyagreethatfearsarejusttheproductofourluxuriantimagination. Ifyouaresurroundedbyproblemsandcannotstopthinkingaboutthepast,trytofocusonthepresentmoment.Manyofusareweigheddownbythepastoranxiousaboutthefuture.Youmayfeelguiltoveryourpast,butyouarepoisoningthepresentwiththethingsandcircumstancesyoucannotchange.Valuethepresentmomentandrememberhowfortunateyouaretobealive.Enjoythebeautyoftheworldaroundandkeeptheeyesopentoseethepossibilitiesbeforeyou.Happinessisnotapointoffutureandnotamomentfromthepast,butamindsetthatcanbedesignedintothepresent. Sometimesitiseasytofeelbadbecauseyouaregoingthroughtoughtimes.Youcanbeeasilycaughtupbylifeproblemsthatyouforgettopauseandappreciatethethingsyouhave.Onlystrongpeopleprefertosandvaluetheirlifeinsteadofcryingandcominingaboutsomething. Nomatterhowisolatedyoumightfeelandhowseriousthesituationis,youshouldalwaysrememberthatyouarenotalone.Trytokeepinmindthatalmosteveryonerespectsandwantstohelpyouifyouaretryingtomakeagoodchangeinyourlife,especiallyyourdearestandnearestpeople.Youmayhaveacircleoffriendswhoprovideconstantgoodhumor,helpandcompanionship.Ifyouhavenofriendsorrelatives,trytoparticipateinseveralonlinecommunities,fullofpeoplewhoarealwayswillingtoshareadviceandencouragement. Todaymanypeoplefinditdifficulttotrusttheirownopinionandseekbalancebygainingobjectivityfromexternalsources.Thiswayyoudevalueyouropinionandshowthatyouareincapableofmanagingyourownlife.Whenyouarestrugglingtoachievesomethingimportantyoushouldbelieveinyourselfandbesurethatyourdecisionisthebest.Youliveinyourskin,thinkyourownthoughts,haveyourownvaluesandmakeyourownSectionIIITranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishinto .WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15Thinkaboutdrivingaroutethat’sveryfamiliar.Itcouldbeyourcommutetowork,atripintotownorthewayhome.Whicheveritis,youknoweverytwistandturnlikethebackofyourhand.Onthesesortsoftripsit’stozoneoutfromtheactualdrivingandpaylittleattentiontothepassingscenery.Theconsequenceisthatyouperceivethatthetriphastakenlesstimethanitactuallyhas.Thisisthewell-travelledroadeffect:peopletendtounderestimatethetimeittakestotravelafamiliarTheeffectiscausedbythewayweallocateourattention.Whenwetraveldownawell-knownroute,becausewedon’thavetoconcentratemuch,timeseemstoflowmorequickly.Andafterwards,whenwecometothinkbackonit,wecan’trememberthejourneywellbecausewedidn’tpaymuchattentiontoit.SoweassumeitwasSectionIVWritingPartASupposeyouruniversityisgoingtohostasummercampforhighschoolstudents.Writeabrieflyintroducethecampactivities,callforYoushouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyournameorthenameofyouruniversity.DonotwriteyourPartWriteanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,yourinterpretthegiveyourYoushouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWER2015.C.DCACABDBDAABDCDAwentCinBsince20BsimpleText1DofferedgreaterrelaxationthantheworkBchildlessAtheyarebothbreadwinnersandCBdivisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cutText2答案CmissitsoriginalAtheproblemisCareinneedoffinancialDareinexperiencedinhandlingissuesatDcollegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestionText3答案AmoreCsportsDstrengthenemployeeAvoicesforworkingCcompaniesfindittobefundamentalBtheincreaseofvoluntarypart-timeCcannotgettheirhandsonfull-timeBshowsageneraltendencyofBempolymentisnolongerapreconditiontogetA41.DMostofyourfearsareEThinkaboutthe[resentGTherearemanythingstobegratefulAYouarenotCPaveyourownunique回想一下這樣的經(jīng)歷：開(kāi)車行駛在一條非常熟悉的道。這可能是你每天上下班的必經(jīng)，可能PARTInordertoenrichhighschoolstudents’lifeinsummerholidayandexpandthereputationofouruniversity,theStudentsUnionaregoingtohostasummercampinourschoolcampusandvolunteersareneeded.Thedetailsaboutthissummercampandvolunteerrecruitmentarelistedasfollows.Firstly,thesummercampwillbeginonSeptember1standitwilllastfortendays.Secondly,themainthemeofthissummercampis“BetterEnglish,Betterlife”andtherearevariousactivitiesinthissummercamp,includingEnglish-speakingcontest,dramacontest,sportsmeetinganddancingpartandsonon.Thirdly,volunteersneedtohaveagoodcommandofEnglishandbeenthusiasticinorganizingdifferentofkindsofIfyouhaveanyquestionorsuggestionaboutthissummercamp,pleasecontactusat12345assoonasABCUniversityPARTB1Thepiechartabovepresentsthedifferentproportionofresidents’consumptionina cityduringSpringFestival.Tobespecific,thepercentageofconsumptiononNewYear’sgifts,party,trafficandothersis40%,20%,20%and20%respectively.Surprisingly,thepertinentnumberaboutgiftsis40%.Isolatedasthefiguresseemtobe,theyareconnectedtooneanotherclosely.Undoubtedly,thepurposeofthegraphistoshowcasethediversityofresidents’consumptionduringholidaysin ,especiallyover-consumptionongiftsasafrequentwayofinter alcommunication.Whatexactlycontributetothisphenomenon?It’sathought-provokingquestion.Firstandforemost,advertisementsofmassmedia,suchasradio, evisionandInternet,mightbemisleading.Plus,pertinentactiontakenbythepublictoputanendtothistrendmightbelittleandlimit.Therefore,people,menandwomen,oldandyoung,inmountingnumbersarespendingtoomuchonholidaygiftwhichfloodsTosumup,thereisanupwardtendencyforpeoplethesedaystospendmoneyonfestivalpresentsratherthanotherthings,whichIbelievewillnotchangeinashorttime.Toreversethetrendisnotapieceofcake,whichrequiresagoodawarenessofconsumptionvalueandinter alcommunication.Onlyinthiswaycanwehavecolorfulfestivalsandrelaxingtimes.(餅狀圖)我國(guó)某市民春節(jié)假期花銷比例(新年40%，交通20%，聚會(huì)吃飯20%，其他20%)這形式是英語(yǔ)二從未過(guò)的餅狀圖(在1997年考研英語(yǔ)餅狀圖出現(xiàn)過(guò)一次)，如果事先準(zhǔn)備不充分的考第二段的寫(xiě)法多種多樣如果針對(duì)這種送新年的風(fēng)氣進(jìn)行評(píng)析可以作為一個(gè)話題來(lái)分析原因或者舉例子;也可以作文一個(gè)正面話題來(lái)談?wù)?，談一談這種人際交往的形式--互送，增強(qiáng)朋友家人的感情;甚至可以作文一個(gè)中立話題來(lái)談一談假期開(kāi)銷在不同的方面，消費(fèi)方式的多種多樣。第三段的寫(xiě)在單詞的方面較難的單詞也不過(guò)是居民(citizen,resident)和消費(fèi)(consume,consumption)。其他的單詞就比較簡(jiǎn)單，包括聚會(huì)(party,reunion)，交通(traffic)，新年(gifts)，其他(others).SectionIUseofReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.(10points)Thinnerisn’talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudieshave1 thatnormal-weightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.Andtherearehealthconditionsforwhichbeingoverweightisactually .Forexample,heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficiencythanthinwomen. amongtheelderly,beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan ofgoodhealth.Ofevengreater isthefactthatobesityturnsouttobeverydifficulttodefine.Itisoften bodymassindex,orBMI.BMI 7bodymassdividedbythesquareofheight.AnadultwithaBMIof18to25isoftenconsideredtobenormalweight.Between25and30isoverweight.Andover30isconsideredobese.Obesity, ,canbedividedintomoderayobese,severelyobese,andveryseverelyWhilesuchnumericalstandardsseem9,theyarenot.Obesityisprobablylessamatterofweightthanbodyfat.SomepeoplewithahighBMIareinfactextremelyfit,10otherswithalowBMImaybeinpoor11.Forexample,manycollegiateandprofessionalfootballyers12asobese,thoughtheirpercentagebodyfatislow.Conversely,someonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13BMI.Todaywehavea(an)_14_tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweightaresometimes_15_inthemediawiththeirfacescovered.Stereotypes_16_withobesityincludelaziness,lackofwillpower,andlowerprospectsforsuccess.Teachers,employers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharborbiasesagainsttheobese._17_veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.[A]denied[B]conduced[C]doubled[D][A]protective[B]dangerous[C]sufficient[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise[D][A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D][A]impact[B]relevance[C]assistance[D][A]intermsof[B]incaseof[C]infavorof[D]in[A]measures[B]determines[C]equals[D][A]inessence[B]incontrast[C]inturn[D]in[A]complicated[B]conservative[C]variable[D][A]so[B]unlike[C]since[D][A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D][A]start[B]quality[C]retire[D][A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D][A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity[D][A]employed[B]pictured[C]imitated[D][A][B]combined[C]settled[D][A]Even[B]Still[C]Yet[D][A]despised[B]corrected[C]ignored[D][A]discussions[B]businesses[C]policies[D][A]for[B]against[C]with[D]withoutSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)TextWhatwouldyoudowith590m?ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMackenzie,an84-year-oldwidowwhorecentlyemergedfromhersmall,tin-roofedhouseinFloridatocollectthebiggestundividedlotteryjackpotinhistory.Ifshehopeshernew-foundfortunewillyieldlastingfeelingsoffulfillment,shecoulddoworsethanreadHappyMoneybyElizabethDumnandMichaelNorton.Thesetwoacademicsuseanarrayofbehavioralresearchtoshowthatthemostrewardingwaystospendmoneycanbecounterintuitive.Fantasiesofgreatwealthofteninvolvevisionsoffancycarsandextravaganthomes.Yetsatisfactionwiththesematerialpurchaseswearsofffairlyquicklywhatwasonceexcitingandnewesold-hat;regretcreepsin.Itisfarbettertospendmoneyonexperiences,sayMsDumnandMrNorton,likeinterestingtrips,uniquemealsorevengoingtothecinema.Thesepurchasesoften emorevaluablewithtime-asstoriesormemories-particularlyiftheyinvolvefeelingmoreconnectedtoothers.Thisslimvolumeispackedwithtipstohelpwageslavesaswellaslotterywinnersgetthemost"happinessbangforyourbuck."Itseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestowork,spendmoretimewithfriendsandfamilyandlessofitwatching evision(somethingtheaverageAmericanspendsawhoptwomonthsayear ng,andishardlyjollierforit).Buyinggiftsorgivingtocharityisoftenmorepleasurablethanpurchasingthingsforoneself,andluxuriesaremostenjoyablewhentheyareconsumedsparingly.ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonald'srestrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRib-amarketingtrickthathasturnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectofobsession.Readersof“HappyMoney”areclearlyaprivilegedlot,anxiousaboutfulfillment,nothunger.Moneymaynotquitebuyhappinessbutpeopleinwealthiercountriesaregenerallyhappierthanthoseinpoorones.Yetthelinkbetweenfeelinggoodandspendingmoneyonotherscanbeseenamongrichandpoorpeoplearoundtheworld,andscarcityenhancesthepleasureofmostthingsformostpeople.Noteveryonewillagreewiththeauthors