2023年山東省濟(jì)南市章丘區(qū)、萊蕪區(qū)中考英語(yǔ)聯(lián)考試卷（5月份）-普通用卷

第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2023年山東省濟(jì)南市章丘區(qū)、萊蕪區(qū)中考英語(yǔ)聯(lián)考試卷（5月份）先通讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從各小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)可以填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳答案。

Wheneverwehearabout"thehomeless"，mostofusthinkofthedevelopingworld.But(1)，homelessnessiseverywhere.Forexample,howmanyofuswouldexpect（期望）toseepeople(2)onthestreetsofarich,developedcountrylikeGermany？

KurtMullerandhis(3)RitahavespentelevenyearsmakingmealsforthehomelessofBerlin,Germany'scapital.Theyfirstbegantodothatinahotsummer(4)mostGermanswereawayandenjoyedthemselvesonholiday.Kurtandhiswifestayedathome,madesandwichesandsomedeliciousfoodbythemselves,setupatableinthestreetand(5)thefoodtothehomeless.

TheMullerssoonrealized（意識(shí)到）thatfoodwasn'tenough.Mostofthehomelesspeopleare(6).Theyhavenofriendsorrelatives."Whatthesepeople(7)neediswarmthandcaring."saysRita.TheMullersgavetheirphonenumbertothestreetpeoplewithoutthinkingandtoldthemtophoneanytime.Ritamadesuretherewas(8)athometoanswerthephoneandtheirhomewasalwaysopentoanyonewhocouldn'tface(9)nightonthestreet.

Thecouple（夫婦）weresoonspendingalltheirmoney,soKurtvisitedfoodandclothingcompanies（公司）to(10)fordonations（捐贈(zèng)物）.Today,overthirtycompaniesdonatefoodandother(11)andvolunteershelptogivethemawaytothehomeless.Thepublicalsogiveclothesandmoney(12)abagproducerdonatesnewbags.

KurtandRitaputtheirlovetogooduse(13)helpinghomelesspeopleinBerlin.Theydidn'treceiveanypaymentfortheirhardwork."Wefeellikeparents,"saysRita,"andparentsshouldn'texpectmoneyforhelpingtheirchildren.Thelovethatwe(14)onthestreetsisoursalary（薪水）."Ritasayssheoftengetstired,butshefeelsgoodabouthelpingotherpeople.Theywillgoonwiththeirworkbecausetheylikethefeelingofhavingmadea(15)intheworld.1.

A.afterall B.what'smore C.onpurpose D.infact2.

A.cooking B.working C.living D.calling3.

A.friend B.wife C.sister D.mother4.

A.when B.because C.if D.once5.

A.sell B.lend C.offer D.return6.

A.lazy B.dirty C.weak D.lonely7.

A.hardly B.also C.ever D.perhaps8.

A.somebody B.anybody C.everybody D.nobody9.

A.this B.that C.another D.theother10.

A.pay B.ask C.wait D.search11.

A.goods B.clothes C.cellphones D.bags12.

A.so B.or C.but D.and13.

A.by B.from C.except D.against14.

A.give B.show C.get D.accept15.

A.living B.wish C.decision D.difference16.A：Hello，LiMing.What'syourplanforthissummerholiday？

B：Ihavenoidea.（1）______

A：Iwilltakepartinasocialactivitywithmysister.

B：Itsoundsexciting.（2）______

A：No.Ihavebeenavolunteerinapoorvillage.Thechildrentheredon'thavemoneytobuybooks.

B：（3）______

A：Yes.Iboughtthem30bookswithmypocketmoney.

B：Whatelsedidyoudothere？

A：（4）______Andnowwearegoodfriends.

B：Wow!（5）______I'dliketojoinyou.

A：Great!I'msurewe'llhaveameaningfulholiday.(1)A.Whatdidyoudo？

B.What'syourproblem？

C.WhatshouldIdo？

D.Whataboutyou？(2)A.Isityourfirsttimetojoininsuchactivities？

B.Doyoulikethisactivity？

C.Whatdoyouthinkoftheseactivities？

D.Haveyoueverjoinedit？(3)A.Whoelsehaveeverbeentherewithyou？

B.Haveyousentbookstothem？

C.Whatdidyoudoforthem？

D.CouldIhelpthem？(4)A.Icaredforanimals.

B.Ihelpedoldpeoplethere.

C.Iwasaguideatamuseum.

D.Ihelpedthemwiththeirlessons.(5)A.Howhappyyouare!

B.Whydon'tyoutellme？

C.Itwasawonderfulexperience!

D.It'sfantastic!CItwasasunnyday.Helenwassittinginthegardenreadingherfavoritebook.Sometimelater，heroldmothersatbesideher.Suddenly，heroldmotherpointedatsomethingandaskedHelenwhatitwas.Helenlookedatitandtoldheritwasasparrow（麻雀）.Helenwassurprisedwhyhermotheraskedhersuchasimplequestion.

Helenwentonreading.Severalminuteslater，heroldmotheraskedherthesamequestionandHelenfounditwasthesamebird.Afteralittlewhile，theoldwomanagainaskedthequestionaboutthesparrow.ThistimeHelengotangry.Sheshoutedathermotherforaskingthesamequestionagainandagain."Don'tyouknowhowboringyouare？"Helensaidimpatiently.Theoldwomansilentlystoodupandenteredthehouse.Helencontinuedreadingherbook.

Afewminutespassedandheroldmothersatbesideheragain.SheopenedanolddiaryandputitinfrontofHelen.Helenpickedupthediaryandbegantoreadit.Itsaid，"Today，whileIwasworkinginthegarden，mylittleHelencametome.Lookingatasparrowonatree，mychildaskedmewhatitwas.Ismiledather，saiditwasasparrowandkissedher.Afterawhile，littleHelenaskedthequestionagain.ThiswentonuntilshewentbackintothehousewithmeafterIfinishedmywork.LittleHelenaskedmeatleasttentimesandIkeptonansweringherandkissingher.IshouldbeaspatientasIcan，nomatterhowbusyIwas.Loveyou，myLittleHelen."

TearscameintoHelen'seyes.Sheclosedthediaryandfeltveryashamedforwhatshedid.Sherealizedthatsheshouldtreathermotherthewayhermothertreatedher.17.WhatwasHelendoingwhenhermotheraskedherquestions？______A.Shewasreadingabook. B.Shewasworkinginthegarden.

C.Shewaswritingadiary. D.Shewasplayingwithasparrow.18.HowmanytimesdidHelen'smotheraskherquestions？______A.Twice. B.Threetimes.D.Tentimes.

C.Fourtimes. 19.WhydidHelen'smotherputtheolddiaryinfrontofHelen？______A.BecauseHelenaskedhertopickupit.

B.BecauseHelendidn'tknowthebird.

C.BecausetearscameintoHelen'seyes.

D.BecauseitmaychangeHelen'sattitude.20.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？______A.Thereweresomanysparrowsonthetree.

B.Helengotangrybecausetheweatherwasterrible.

C.Helenfeltverysorryforshoutingathermother.

D.Helen'smotherwasimpatientwhenHelenwasyoung.21.What'sthebesttitleofthispassage？______A.TheSecretofBook B.ASpecialDiaryofLove

C.AStoryofGarden D.TheIntroductionofSparrowD

Whatisbullying（欺凌）？Whatiscyberbullying？Bullyingiswhensomeonemakesyoufeelbad，andhurtsyouagainandagain，youmayeasilyloseconfidence，losetrustofeveryonearoundyouorevengetsick.Bullyingcanhappenatschool，outofschooloronline.Bullyingincludes：*Callingpeoplemean（刻薄的）names

*Laughingatpeople

*Tellingliesaboutpeople

*Takingsomeone'sthingswithoutpermission

*Notlettingsomeoneplayinagroup

*HittingpeopleCyberbullyinghappensonlineandincludes：*Sendingmeanmessages

*Sharingphotoswithoutpermission

*NotlettingsomeonebepartofanonlinegroupWhatcanyoudo？★Ifsomeoneismeantoyou，tellanadultthatyouknowwellandtrust.Forexample，talktoaparentorateacher.★Youcanblock（拉黑）apersonwhosendsmeanmessagesonline.Askanadulttohelpyou.Don'treply.

★Talktoyourparentsorteachersoranadultthatyouknowwellifyouseebullyingorifyouareworriedaboutafriend.

★Saysorryifyouaremeantosomeone.Youcanwriteamessageortalktotheperson.Wecanallhelptosaynotobullying.22.Howmanybehaviors（行為）ofbullyingarementionedinthepassage？______A.6. B.7. C.8. D.9.23.Whichofthefollowingisaboutcyberbullying？______A.Tomalwaystakesawayotherpeople'sbookswithoutpermission.

B.JanepostedMary'sphotoontheInternetwithoutherpermission.

C.Kevindoesn'tallowBentojoinintheirfootballgame.

D.Jerryoftenmakesjokesaboutpeoplearoundhim.24.Whoisnottherightpersontoaskforhelpwhenyougetbullied？______A.Aparent. B.Ateacher. C.Afriend. D.Astranger.25.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage？______A.Totellstudentsthedifferencesbetweenbullyingandcyberbullying.

B.Toencouragestudentstofightagainstcyberbullyingoutsideschool.

C.Toletparentsknowhowtoprotecttheirchildrenfromgettingbullied.

D.Totellstudentswhatbullyingisandhowtodealwithit.26.Whoisthepassagewrittenfor？______A.Students. B.Adults. C.Parents. D.Teachers.EImprovementsintechnologyoftenhappenovernight.Somegetsmallerandfaster.Othersarereplaced（代替）bynewerthingslikesmartphones.Theycandohundredsofthings.Herearesomeoldgadgetsthatpeopleusedtouse.

①

Doyouhavealandlineathome？Thesearephonesthatpeopleplug（插入）intotheirlivingroomwalls.Mobilephonesdidn'tusetobesocommonatthattime,somostfamilieshadalandline.Butlandlinesonlyworkedathome.Whatdidpeopledowhentheywereoutsideandneededtocallsomeone？Theylookedforapayphone!Then,mostpeoplehadtheirownmobilephonesandmanyhomesnolongerhadlandlines.

②

Peopletodaystoreplentyofinformationonline,oronSDcards.Butinthe1980sand1990s,peopleusedtousefloppydisks.

Thefirstfloppydiskswerelarge,expensive,andnotveryuseful--eachdiskcouldstorejust175KBofinformation!Later,floppydisksgotsmallerandbetter.Buteventhebestonescouldonlyhold1.44MB.Youwouldneedthreeorfourdisksjustforonesong,andabout22，000diskstomatchthestorage（儲(chǔ)存空間）availableona32GBphone!

③

It'seasytotakephotostoday.Peopleoftenhavethousandsjustontheirphones!Butphotosusedtobeexpensive,andpeopletookfewerofthem.Totakeaphoto,youhadtobuyarolloffilm.Thisallowedyoutotakeabout30photos.Afterfinishingtheroll,youleftitatashop.Theshopdevelopedthephotostomakethembeseen,whichyoucouldcollectafterafewdays.

Technologychangesallthetime,andthegadgetsweusetodaywillonedaybeold.Whatdoyouthinkwillbenexttodisappear？27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"gadgets"meaninParagraph1？______A.Toys. B.Tools. C.Games. D.Phones.28.Matchthetitlewitheachparagraph.______

a.GoodbyeDisksb.MusictoMyEarsc.PictureThis

d.CallMee.FilmDevelopmentA.①-d,②-b,③-e B.①-d,②-a,③-c

C.①-c,②-a,③-b D.①-c,②-b,③-e29.Whatwerethefirstfloppydiskslike？______A.Theycouldstoremuch. B.Theywereveryuseful.

C.Theycostalotofmoney. D.Theywereeasytocarry.30.Whatcanwegetfromthepassage？______A.Itwasconvenienttotakephotoswithfilm.

B.Peopleoutsideusedlandlinestocallsomeone.

C.Improvementsintechnologychangepeople'slife.

D.Foratime,manypeoplehadpayphonesathome.31.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？______A.TheChangingPhones. B.TheProductsofTomorrow.

C.OldThingsWeUseToday. D.TheThingsWeUsedtoUse.FWhatwillastronauts（宇航員）eatwhenaspacetriptakesyears？

"Lotsoffreshvegetables，"saysDr.JanetWilliams，whoseteamhavespentthelast10yearslearninghowtogrowplantsinaspacestation.Andit'sagoodthingthatshehasalreadystartedherwork，becausespacegardeningcanbereallyhard.

Asusual，astronautGeorgeWhitelookedintotheclosedplantroom.HehadplantedDr.Williams'squick-growingseedlingsinit，butnoneofthestemswereshowing.Heopenedtheroomtocheckandfoundtheproblem.Thestemsweren'tgrowingupwardandtherootsweren'tgrowingdownward.OnEarth，gravity（重力）helpsaplant'sstemsandrootstofind"up"and"down".However，inthespacestation，therewasalmostnogravity.

Dr.Williamssuggestedasolution：givetheplantsmorelight，asplantsalsousesunlighttofindtheirway.Anditworked.Whentheplantshadmorelight，thestemsturnedupandtherootswentdown.

NowDr.Williamswasfreetoworryaboutthenextproblem：Wouldherbabyplantslivetoflower？Canwegrowfoodonaspacejourney？

Manyplantsdiedinthespacestation.Dr.Williamsthoughtsheknewwhy：thespaceplantswerehungryforair.PlantslivebytakingupCO2fromtheair.Sinceaplantusesitupintheairaround，theplantneedsmovingairtobringmoreCO2closetoitssurface!OnEarth，theairisalwaysmoving.Gravitypullsdowncoldair，andwarmairrises.Andwiththeseairmovements，plantsgetenoughCO2.

Manyearlierexperimentswithplantsinspacehadusedclosedrooms.Dr.Williamstriedanewgreenhousethathadafantokeeptheairmove.Theplantslovedit.Theyfloweredandevenproducedmoreseeds.UsingDr.Williams'smethod，astronautGeorgecompletedthefirstseed-to-seedexperimentinspace，andmovedoneplantclosertoagardeninspace.

"Andthis，"saysDr.Williams，"isgoodnewsforlong-termspacetravel."32.WhyhaveDr.Williams'steamtriedtogrowplantsinspace？______A.Toproducefreshairforastronauts.

B.Tohelpastronautsrelaxthemselves.

C.Toprovidefoodforlongspacejourneys.

D.Tomakethespacegardenmorebeautiful.33.HowdidlighthelpsolvetheproblemmentionedinParagraph3？______A.Itcausedthegravitytochange.

B.Itencouragedtheplantstogrowfaster.

C.Ithelpedtheplantstogrowintherightdirection.

D.Itshowedtheastronautswheretoplantvegetables.34.Whydidmanyplantsdieinthespacestation？______A.Thelightwastoostrong.

B.TherewastoomuchCO2.

C.Therewasnotenoughroomtogrow.

D.Theairconditionwasnotgoodenough.35.Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph7refersto______.A.themovingair B.theclosedroom

C.thespacejourney D.thespacegarden36.WhatcanwelearnaboutDr.Williams'steamfromthepassage？______

A.Theymainlyliveonfreshvegetables.

B.Theyhavesuccessfullybuiltaspacegarden.

C.Theyinventedaspecialfanfortheirgreenhouse.

D.Theyhaveworkedonspacegardeningformanyyears.37.閱讀下面的短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。（每空不超過(guò)三個(gè)詞）

Inasmallvillage,aboynamedMarklivedwithhisfather,awiseoldman.Oneday,Marktoldhisfather(1)（sad）thathemadelittleprogressinlearningtheguitar.Nomatterhowhardhetried,hecouldn'timprove.Markaskedhisfather(2)somehelp.

"Followme,andI(3)（lead）youtothehighhillsaroundthevillagetomorrow."saidhisfather.Thenextday,theysetout.Theroadwaslonganddifficult,(4)Markstillfollowedhisfather.Astheygothigher,thefathersaidthathewantedtogotothetopofthehighesthillwherehehadneverbeento.Markwassurprisedbutdecided(5)（help）hisfather.

Withgreatdifficulty,Markhelpedhisfatherclimbthehill.Sometimesheevencarriedhisfatheronhisback.Atthetop,heputhisfatheronthegroundandlaughedwithjoy.

"Whenyouwere(6)littleboy,sometimesyoureturnedhomewithtearsinyoureyes,"saidhisfather."Theelderchildrenlaughedatyou.Doyourememberwhy？"

Marknodded.Herememberedthatasachild,heandallhis(7)（friend）calledthishillMountImpossible,becausesmallchildrencouldn'treachitstop.

"Andtoday,"saidhisfather,"younotonlyclimbedhere,butalsohelped(8)（I）togethere."

"Ibecamebiggerand(9)（strong）thanbefore."saidMark.

"Insteadof(10)（climb）MountImpossibleeveryday,youplayedonthesmallerhillsandbecamebetteratclimbing,"saidhisfather."ItbecamepossibleforyoutoclimbMountImpossiblewhileyouweren'teventhinkingaboutit."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)38.Howtoprepareforexams？

Herearesometipsyoucanreadwithyourchild.

Thefirststepinpreparingforexaminationsistosetafixedtimeeachdaytostudyandascheduletosaywhentostarttherevisionandforwhichsubject.Theplanshouldincludehowmanychapterstoreviewandhowmanyworksheets（活頁(yè)練習(xí)題）toworkon.（1）______Parentswhodonotknowtheexaminationschedulecansearch"examtimetable"toseetheofficialexaminationschedule.（2）______

Thesecondthingistodecideontheplacetostudy.Someneedtotalsilenceinalibrarybeforetheycanconcentratewhileothersliketohavesomebackgroundmusiclikeinthecafeteria.（3）______Sothereisnoneedtotellyourchildtochangethestudyplaceifheisproducingthedesiredresults.

（4）______Forlessons，pupilsmustparticipateinlessonsanddiscussionsactively.Forexercise，workonthesimpleonesinthetextbook.Fortheory，pupilscanusethemindmapmethodtosummarizethefacts.Atlast，besmart.Focusonchaptersthatarethecore（核心）ofthesubjectordifficultchapters.（5）______

A.Nextthemosteffectivewaytoreviewistouseanactiveapproach（方法）.

B.Makinggoodpreparationscounts.

C.Themindmapcanhelpyoualotinyourrevisionwork.

D.Yourchildhastobeself-disciplined（自律的）tofollowtheplan.

E.Itisnotnecessarytoreadfromthefirsttothelastpage.

F.Thebesttimetostartrevisionisoneortwomonthsbeforetheexamination.

G.Bothareallrightaslongasyourchildiscomfortablewithit.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)39.A：______？

B：No，itisn't.Mineisintheschoolbag.

40.A：______？

B：Shehadsomefish，vegetablesandriceforit.

41.A：______？

B：Everyday.It'sgoodformyhealth.

42.A：Jimmy，Icalledyouatnineyesterdaybutyoudidn'tanswer.

B：Oh，______.

43.A：What'stheuseoftherobot？

B：______.

44.在我們的生活中，有些事情看起來(lái)很難完成，但是通過(guò)我們個(gè)人的努力或別人的幫助等，我們做到了。請(qǐng)以Imadeit為題，寫(xiě)一篇100詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。

內(nèi)容包括：

1.你做到了什么事情；

2.你是如何做到的；

3.做完后你的感受或收獲。

要求：

1.短文中不得出現(xiàn)考生真實(shí)姓名、學(xué)校及其他相關(guān)信息。

2.照抄試卷內(nèi)容不得分。

Imadeit______________

答案和解析1~15.【答案】D、C、B、A、C、D、B、A、C、B、A、D、A、C、D【解析】（1）D。短語(yǔ)辨析。A.afterall畢竟；B.what'smore而且；C.onpurpose故意；D.infact事實(shí)上。根據(jù)But...，homelessnessiseverywhere,可知到處都有無(wú)家可歸的人，連詞But表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，后文提到的是事實(shí)中的情況，和前文中想象中的情況構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折。故選：D。

（2）C。動(dòng)名詞辨析。A.cooking做飯；B.working工作；C.living居??；D.calling打電話(huà)。根據(jù)ForExample,howmanyofuswouldexpecttoseepeople...onthestreetsofarich,developedcountrylikeGermany,可知作者把德國(guó)作為例子，無(wú)家可歸在德國(guó)這樣發(fā)達(dá)而富有的國(guó)家也是存在的，因此無(wú)家可歸者是住在大街上的。故選：C。

（3）B。名詞辨析。A.friend朋友；B.wife妻子；C.sister姐妹；D.mother母親。根據(jù)下文Kurtandhiswifestayedathome,可知Kurt和Rita是夫妻的關(guān)系，Rita是Kurt的妻子。故選：B。

（4）A.連詞辨析。A.when當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候；B.because因?yàn)?；C.if如果；D.once一旦。根據(jù)Theyfirstbegantodothatinahotsummer...mostGermanswereawayandenjoyedthemselvesonholiday,可知Muller夫婦第一次這樣做的時(shí)候是在一個(gè)炎熱的夏天，當(dāng)時(shí)大多數(shù)德國(guó)人都離開(kāi)度假去了，在分句前可使用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。故選：A。

（5）C。動(dòng)詞辨析。A.sell賣(mài)；B.lend借給；C.offer提供；D.return返還。根據(jù)前文KurtMullerandhiswifeRitahavespentelevenyearsmakingmealsforthehomelessofBerlin,可知Muller夫婦11年來(lái)一直為柏林的無(wú)家可歸的人做吃的，因此這里是為無(wú)家可歸的人提供食物，應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞offer,其結(jié)構(gòu)為offersth.tosb.。故選：C。

（6）D。形容詞辨析。A.lazy懶惰的；B.dirty臟的；C.weak虛弱的；D.lonely孤獨(dú)的。根據(jù)Theyhavenofriendsorrelatives,可知無(wú)家可歸的人沒(méi)有親戚朋友，因此他們應(yīng)是孤獨(dú)的。故選：D。

（7）B。副詞辨析。A.hardly幾乎不；B.also也；C.ever曾經(jīng)；D.perhaps可能。根據(jù)Whatthesepeople...neediswarmthandcaring,再結(jié)合上下文可知無(wú)家可歸的人除了需要食物，也需要溫暖和關(guān)心，因此才有了下文Muller夫婦把電話(huà)號(hào)碼給他們的事情。故選：B。

（8）A。代詞辨析。A.somebody某人；B.anybody任何人；C.everybody每個(gè)人；D.nobody沒(méi)人。通過(guò)上文TheMullersgavetheirphonenumber...andtoldthemtophoneanytime,可知Muller夫婦把電話(huà)號(hào)碼給了他們，并告訴他們隨時(shí)都可以打電話(huà)來(lái)，因此這里Rita應(yīng)是確定家里有人隨時(shí)可以接電話(huà)。故選：A。

（9）C。代詞辨析。A.this這個(gè)；B.that那個(gè)；C.another另一個(gè)（非特指）；D.theother另一個(gè)（特指）。根據(jù)andtheirhomewasalwaysopentoanyonewhocouldn'tface...nightonthestreet,可知Muller夫婦還為那些無(wú)法在街上過(guò)夜的人提供住宿，這里應(yīng)用another,非特指，表示很多夜晚中的一個(gè)。故選：C。

（10）B。動(dòng)詞辨析。A.pay支付；B.ask要求；C.wait等待；D.search搜尋。根據(jù)Thecoupleweresoonspendingalltheirmoney這對(duì)夫婦很快花光了所有的錢(qián)，可知Kurt去食品和服裝公司是請(qǐng)求捐助的，詞組askfor表示"要求，請(qǐng)求"。故選：B。

（11）A。名詞辨析。A.goods商品；B.clothes衣服；C.cellphones電話(huà)；D.bags包。根據(jù)Today,overthirtycompaniesdonatefoodandother...andvolunteershelptogivethemawaytothehomeless,可知現(xiàn)在有超過(guò)30家公司為他們捐贈(zèng)食物和其他的商品，志愿者幫忙把這些送給無(wú)家可歸的人?？仗幹坝衞ther,表示其"別的"，后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，這里需要能代指各種物品的總稱(chēng)。故選：A。

（12）D。連詞辨析。A.so因此；B.or或者；C.but但是；D.and而且。根據(jù)Thepublicalsogiveclothesandmoney...abagproducerdonatesnewbags,可知句子包含兩個(gè)小分句，大眾給衣物給錢(qián)和制包商捐贈(zèng)新包之間是并列的關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)使用連詞and。故選：D。

（13）A。介詞辨析。A.by通過(guò)；B.from來(lái)自；C.except除了；D.against反對(duì)。根據(jù)KurtandRitaputtheirlovetogooduse...helpinghomelesspeopleinBerlin,可知Kurt和Rita把他們的愛(ài)充分用在幫助柏林無(wú)家可歸的人這件事上。詞組putlove

togoodusebydoing表示"充分用愛(ài)做某事"。故選：A。

（14）C。動(dòng)詞辨析。A.give給；B.show展示；C.get得到；D.accept接受。根據(jù)Thelovethatwe...onthestreetsisoursalary,可知句子包含定語(yǔ)從句，主句為T(mén)heloveissalary,從句thatwe...onthestreet修飾先行詞love,可知空處應(yīng)是get"得到"。故選：C。

（15）D。名詞辨析。A.living居??；B.wish愿望；C.decision決定；D.difference不同。根據(jù)Theywillgoonwiththeirworkbecausetheylikethefeelingofhavingmadea...intheworld,可知他們會(huì)繼續(xù)這份工作，因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g讓世界有所改變的這種感覺(jué)。詞組makeadifference表示"改變，使有所不同"。故選：D。

文章主要講述了Muller夫婦的感人事跡，11年來(lái)他們一直身體力行去幫助那些無(wú)家可歸的人，并且不求回報(bào)。

首先要通讀全文，了解文章大意，緊緊抓住上下文語(yǔ)境所提供的信息，然后明確詞意，結(jié)合排除法逐一選出答案，最后再通讀全文核對(duì)答案。

16.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】A【小題3】B【小題4】D【小題5】C【解析】（1）根據(jù)"Iwilltakepartinasocialactivitywithmysister"（我將和姐姐一起參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)。）可知，詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方的計(jì)劃，D選項(xiàng)"你呢"符合，故選D。

（2）根據(jù)"No.Ihavebeenavolunteerinapoorvillage"（不。我曾在一個(gè)貧窮的村莊做過(guò)志愿者。）可知，此處是一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句，詢(xún)問(wèn)之前是否做過(guò)類(lèi)似活動(dòng)，A選項(xiàng)"這是你第一次參加這樣的活動(dòng)嗎"符合，故選A。

（3）根據(jù)"Yes.Iboughtthem30bookswithmypocketmoney"（是的。我用零用錢(qián)給他們買(mǎi)了30本書(shū)。）可知，此處是一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句，詢(xún)問(wèn)是否有捐書(shū)，B選項(xiàng)"你給他們送書(shū)了嗎"符合，故選B。

（4）根據(jù)"Whatelsedidyoudothere"（你在那里還做了什么？）及前文"Thechildrentheredon'thavemoneytobuybooks"（那里的孩子沒(méi)有錢(qián)買(mǎi)書(shū)。）可知，做的事情與孩子們有關(guān)，D選項(xiàng)"我?guī)椭麄冏龉φn"符合，故選D。

（5）根據(jù)"I'dliketojoinyou"（我想和你一起去。）可知，認(rèn)為對(duì)方的經(jīng)歷很不錯(cuò)，所以也想加入，C選項(xiàng)"那是一次愉快的經(jīng)歷"符合，故選C。

本文是A向B介紹了自己做志愿者經(jīng)歷的一則對(duì)話(huà)。

根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選擇合適的問(wèn)句或答語(yǔ)，注意漢語(yǔ)意思以及一些常用問(wèn)題的回答術(shù)語(yǔ)。

17~21.【答案】A、B、D、C、B【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Helen

was

sitting

in

the

garden

reading

her

favorite

book.（海倫坐在花園里讀她最喜歡的書(shū)。）可知她在看書(shū)。故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Suddenly，her

old

mother

pointed

at

something

and

asked

Helen

what

it

was.（突然，她的老媽媽指著什么東西問(wèn)海倫這是什么。）第二段Several

minutes

later，her

old

mother

asked

her

the

same

question

and

Helen

found

it

was

the

same

bird.After

a

little

while，the

old

woman

again

asked

the

question

about

the

sparrow.（幾分鐘后，她的老母親問(wèn)了她同樣的問(wèn)題，海倫發(fā)現(xiàn)是同一只鳥(niǎo)。過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，老婦人又問(wèn)起了關(guān)于麻雀的問(wèn)題。）可知海倫的媽媽問(wèn)了她三次問(wèn)題。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段This

time

Helen

got

angry.She

shouted

at

her

mother

for

asking

the

same

question

again

and

again."Don't

you

know

how

boring

you

are？"

Helen

said

impatiently.（這次海倫生氣了。她一次又一次地對(duì)母親問(wèn)同樣的問(wèn)題。"你不知道你有多無(wú)聊嗎？"海倫不耐煩地說(shuō)。）

最后一段Tears

came

into

Helen's

eyes.She

closed

the

diary

and

felt

very

ashamed

for

what

she

did.（海倫熱淚盈眶。她合上日記，為自己的所作所為感到羞愧。）可知因?yàn)檫@可能會(huì)改變海倫的態(tài)度。故選D。

（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Tears

came

into

Helen's

eyes.She

closed

the

diary

and

felt

very

ashamed

for

what

she

did.（海倫熱淚盈眶。她合上日記，為自己的所作所為感到羞愧。）可知海倫對(duì)向母親大喊大叫感到非常抱歉。故選C。

（5）最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)全文可知本文講述了海倫起初以不太好的態(tài)度對(duì)待的她的母親，在看了她母親記錄的關(guān)于她小時(shí)的日記后，她意識(shí)到應(yīng)該用她母親對(duì)待她的方式來(lái)對(duì)待她的母親。故最佳標(biāo)題為"愛(ài)的特別日記"。故選B。

本文講述了海倫起初以不太好的態(tài)度對(duì)待的她的母親，在看了她母親記錄的關(guān)于她小時(shí)的日記后，她意識(shí)到應(yīng)該用她母親對(duì)待她的方式來(lái)對(duì)待她的母親。

通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。

22~26.【答案】D、B、D、D、A【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章"*Calling

people

mean（刻薄的）

names*Laughing

at

people*Telling

lies

about

people*Taking

someone's

things

without

permission*Not

letting

someone

play

in

a

group*Hitting

people？*Sending

mean

messages*Sharing

photos

without

permission*Not

letting

someone

be

part

of

an

online

group"（用刻薄的名字稱(chēng)呼別人*嘲笑別人*說(shuō)別人的壞話(huà)*未經(jīng)允許拿別人的東西*不讓別人在小組里玩*打人？*發(fā)送惡意信息*未經(jīng)允許分享照片*不讓某人成為網(wǎng)絡(luò)群的一部分）兩部分打星號(hào)的部分可知，欺凌包括現(xiàn)實(shí)欺凌和網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌兩個(gè)部分，共有九處內(nèi)容。故選D。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Cyberbullyinghappensonlineandincludes"（網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌發(fā)生在網(wǎng)上包括）和"*Sharingphotoswithoutpermission"（未經(jīng)允許分享照片）可知未經(jīng)別人允許將別人照片在網(wǎng)上發(fā)出是一種欺凌，故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Ifsomeoneismeantoyou，tellanadultthatyouknowwellandtrust.Forexample，talktoaparentorateacher."（如果有人對(duì)你不好，告訴一個(gè)你很了解和信任的成年人。例如，與父母或老師交談。）可知在遭受欺凌時(shí)，應(yīng)向你了解并且相信的成年人求助，所以不能向陌生人尋求幫助。故選D。

（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)通讀文章可知主要介紹了"Whatisbullying（欺凌）？"（即什么是欺凌）和"Whatcanyoudo？"（你能做什么？）可知告訴學(xué)生欺凌是什么以及如何應(yīng)對(duì)。故選D。

（5）推理判斷題。通讀全文，以及"Bullyingcanhappenatschool，outofschooloronline."（欺凌可能發(fā)生在學(xué)校、校外或網(wǎng)上。）和"talktoyourparentsorteachersoranadultthatyouknowwellifyouseebullyingorifyouareworriedaboutafriend."（如果你看到恃強(qiáng)凌弱，或者你擔(dān)心一個(gè)朋友，和你的父母、老師或你熟悉的成年人談?wù)?。）可知本文主要介紹了欺凌、網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌的形式以及如何應(yīng)對(duì)，寫(xiě)作對(duì)象主要是學(xué)生。故選A。

本文主要介紹了什么是欺凌，以及應(yīng)對(duì)方式。

通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。

27~31.【答案】B、B、C、C、D【解析】（1）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)Others

are

replaced

（代替）

by

newer

things

like

smartphones.They

can

do

hundreds

of

things.Here

are

some

old

gadgets

that

people

used

to

use.（其他的被智能手機(jī)等更新的東西所取代。它們可以做數(shù)百件事情。這里有一些人們過(guò)去使用的舊小工具。）可知gadgets指的是工具。故選B。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)What

did

people

do

when

they

were

outside

and

needed

to

call

someone？They

looked

for

a

pay

phone!Then,most

people

had

their

own

mobile

phones

and

many

homes

no

longer

had

landlines.（當(dāng)人們?cè)谕饷嫘枰螂娫?huà)時(shí)，他們會(huì)怎么做？他們尋找公用電話(huà)！然后，大多數(shù)人都有自己的手機(jī)，許多家庭不再有固定電話(huà)。）可知①講的是Call

Me；根據(jù)But

in

the

1980s

and

1990s,people

used

to

use

floppy

disks.（但在1980年代和1990年代，人們習(xí)慣使用軟盤(pán)。）可知②講的是Goodbye

Disks；根據(jù)It's

easy

to

take

photos

today.People

often

have

thousands

just

on

their

phones!But

photos

used

to

be

expensive,and

people

took

fewer

of

them.（今天拍照很容易。人們通常只在手機(jī)上就有數(shù)千張！但過(guò)去的照片很貴，人們拍的照片越來(lái)越少。）可知③講的是Picture

This。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The

first

floppy

disks

were

large,expensive,and

not

very

useful（最初的軟盤(pán)又大又貴，而且不是很有用）可知最初的軟盤(pán)要花很多錢(qián)。故選C。

（4）推理判斷題。通讀全文結(jié)合Technology

changes

all

the

time,and

the

gadgets

we

use

today

will

one

day

be

old.（技術(shù)一直在變化，我們今天使用的小工具有一天會(huì)過(guò)時(shí)。）可知科技進(jìn)步改變了人們的生活。故選C。

（5）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)Here

are

some

old

gadgets

that

people

used

to

use.（這是人們過(guò)去使用的一些舊小工具。）可知本文主要介紹一些我們過(guò)去使用的東西，D項(xiàng)"我們?cè)?jīng)使用的東西"可以作為標(biāo)題。故選D。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要介紹了一些我們過(guò)去使用由于技術(shù)進(jìn)步而被淘汰了的東西。

通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。

32~36.【答案】C、C、D、A、D【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段和第二段"What

will

astronauts

eat

when

a

space

trip

takes

years？

'Lots

of

fresh

vegetables，

'

says

Dr.Janet

Williams，whose

team

have

spent

the

last

10

years

learning

how

to

grow

plants

in

a

space

station"當(dāng)太空旅行需要幾年的時(shí)間時(shí)，宇航員會(huì)吃什么？珍妮特?威廉姆斯博士說(shuō)："很多新鮮蔬菜。"他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在過(guò)去10年里一直在學(xué)習(xí)如何在空間站種植植物?？芍窃谔辗N植植物是為了給太空旅行提供食物。故選C。

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"give

the

plants

more

light，as

plants

also

use

sunlight

to

find

their

way.And

it

worked.When

the

plants

had

more

light，the

stems

turned

up

and

the

roots

went

down"給植物更多的光，因?yàn)橹参镆怖藐?yáng)光找到自己的方向。這是有效的。當(dāng)植物有更多的光時(shí)，莖向上，根向下；可知光線(xiàn)幫助植物按正確的方向生長(zhǎng)。故選C。

（3）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"the

space

plants

were

hungry

for

air"可知因?yàn)榭諝獠皇亲銐蚝茫院芏嘀参镌谔账廊?。故選D。

（4）A.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)"keep

the

air

move"保持空氣流通可知此處it指的是流通的空氣the

moving

air。故選A。

（5）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Many

earlier

experiments

with

plants

in

space

had

used

closed

rooms.Dr.Williams

tried

a

new

greenhouse

that

had

a

fan

to

keep

the

air

move."可知太空種植的鉆研有很多年，故選D。

文章介紹威廉博士和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在太空中種植植物給太空旅行提供新鮮蔬菜的研究。

做題時(shí)首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破。掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀材料后的問(wèn)題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問(wèn)題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息。

37.【答案】【小題1】sadly【小題2】for【小題3】willlead【小題4】but【小題5】tohelp【小題6】a【小題7】friends【小題8】me【小題9】stronger【小題10】climbing【解析】（1）考查副詞。句意：有一天，馬克傷心地告訴父親，他在吉他學(xué)習(xí)上沒(méi)有什么進(jìn)步。根據(jù)題干，修飾動(dòng)詞要用副詞，故填：sadly。

（2）考查介詞。句意：馬克向他父親尋求幫助。根據(jù)asksbforhelp向某人尋求幫助，固定短語(yǔ)，故填：for。

（3）考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：跟我來(lái)，明天我?guī)闳ゴ遄又車(chē)母呱?。根?jù)tomorrow（明天）可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，構(gòu)成是willdo,故填：willlead。

（4）考查連詞。句意：這條路漫長(zhǎng)而艱難，但馬克仍然跟著他的父親。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，可知表轉(zhuǎn)折，故填：but。

（5）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：馬克很驚訝，但決定幫助他的父親。根據(jù)decidetodosth決定做某事，固定短語(yǔ)，故填：tohelp。

（6）考查冠詞。句意：當(dāng)你還是個(gè)小男孩的時(shí)候，有時(shí)你回家時(shí)眼里含著淚水，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，表泛指，little首字母發(fā)音是輔音音素，故填：a。

（7）考查名詞。句意：他記得小時(shí)候，他和所有的朋友都說(shuō)這座小山不可能，因?yàn)樾『⒆优啦坏缴巾敗８鶕?jù)all后面要用復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故填：friends。

（8）考查代詞。句意：你不僅爬到了這里，還幫我到了這里。根據(jù)help是動(dòng)詞，后面要用人稱(chēng)代詞賓格，故填：me。

（9）考查形容詞。句意：我變得比以前更大更強(qiáng)壯了。根據(jù)than和...比，可知要用比較級(jí)，故填：stronger。

（10）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：你不是每天都爬不可能的山，而是在小山上玩耍，變得更擅長(zhǎng)攀登。根據(jù)of是介詞，后面要用動(dòng)名詞，故填：climbing。

文章介紹了一名智者如何教侄子不要放棄，穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打，終究會(huì)成功。

語(yǔ)法填空題要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境，運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法和詞匯知識(shí)，反復(fù)推敲以求得解答。對(duì)于同義詞和近義詞的選項(xiàng)，在充分考慮到上下文具體語(yǔ)境下特別注意這些同義詞和近義詞搭配。

38.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】F【小題3】G【小題4】A【小題5】E【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。

（1）根據(jù)上文"The

plan

should

include

how

many

chapters

to

review

and

how

many

worksheets

（活頁(yè)練習(xí)題）

to

work

on."（這個(gè)計(jì)劃應(yīng)該包括要復(fù)習(xí)多少章節(jié)和要做多少工作表。）可知，計(jì)劃包含多少章節(jié)復(fù)習(xí)，多少題目要做。下