2021屆拉薩市第二高級(jí)中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)一模試題及答案解析

2021屆拉薩市第二高級(jí)中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)一模試題及答案解析第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AFilmstowatchinMarchGretaAlonelyyoungwaitressfindsahandbagonaNewYorksubwaytrain.Luckily,theaddressisinside,soshereturnsittothepianoteacherwholeftitthere.Shethendiscoversthatthepianoteachermakesahabitofdroppingbagsaroundthecityonpurposetomakenewfriends.DirectedbyNeilJordan,theactorsareattractive.GraceMoretzisthewaitressandIsabelleHuppertistheonewhoadmiresher.Thankstothem,Gretawindsupbeingfarmoreenjoyablethanithasanyrighttobe.TheAftermathTheAftermathisoneofthefewWorldWar回-relatedfilms.BasedonRhidianBrook'snovel,thistouchingromanticmovieisstarredbyKeiraKnightley,whoisthewifeofaBritishofficer.ShehatestheGermansbecausehersonwaskilledinanairraid.Butisthereachancethatatall,darkandhandsomemanmightpersuadehertoovercomeherhate?CaptainMarvelIttookMarvelStudiosadecadetofinallymakeafemalesuperhero.It’salsothefirstMarvelfilmtobedirectedbyawoman,whohasdirectedHalfNelsonandMissisippiGrind.CaptainMarvelissetinthe1990s.TheOscar-winningBrieLarsonstarsasCarolDanvers,aUSAirForcefighterpilot,whileSamuelLJackson,asusual,playsNickFury.DumboDumboisaclassicDisneycartoon,whohasbigearsandtherehavebeenplentyofthosekindofmoviesinrecentyears.BurtonalwayshasinspirationstodirectsuchkindofmoviesfromEdwardScissorhandstoMissPeregrine’sHomeforPeculiarChildren.Magicalfigureshavealwaysbeenhisfavoritecharacters.WhatmakesCaptainMarvelspecial?A.WinningOscar. B.Itsfemaledirector. C.Timesetting. D.Awomanpilot.Whichfilmisbetterfora7-year-oldkidtowatch?A.TheAftermathB.CaptainMarvelC.GreteD.DumboWherecanyoumostprobablyreadthetext?A.Reader’sDigest B.NatureC.ScientificAmerican D.NationalGeographicBInthesummerof2016,IgaveatalkatasmallconferenceinnorthernVirginia.IbeganbyadmittingthatI’dneverhadasocial-mediaaccount;Ithenoutlinedargumentsforwhyotherpeopleshouldconsiderremovingsocialmediafromtheirlives.TheeventorganizersuploadedthevideoofmytalktoYouTube.ThenitwassharedrepeatedlyonFacebookandInstagramand,eventually,viewedmorethanfivemilliontimes.Iwasbothpleasedandannoyedbythefactthatmyanti-social-mediatalkhadfoundsuchalargeaudienceonsocialmedia.Ithinkofthiseventastypicalofthelove-haterelationshipsmanyofushavewithFacebook,Instagram,andothersocial-mediaplatforms.Ontheonehand,we’vegrowncautiousabouttheso-calledattentioneconomy,which,inthenameofcorporate（公司的）profits,destroyssociallifegraduallyandoffendsprivacy.Butwealsobenefitfromsocialmediaandhesitatetobreakawayfromitcompletely.Notlongago,ImetapartneratalargelawfirminWashington,D.C.,whotoldmethatshekeepsInstagramonherphonebecauseshemissesherkidswhenshetravels;lookingthroughpicturesofthemmakesherfeelbetter.Inrecentmonths,someofthebiggestsocial-mediacompanies,FacebookandTwitter,inparticular,havepromisedvariousreforms.InMarch,MarkZuckerbergannouncedaplantomovehisplatformtowardprivatecommunicationprotectedbyend-to-endencryption（端對(duì)端加密）；laterthatmonth,heputforwardtheestablishmentofathird-partygrouptosetstandardsforacceptablecontent.Alloftheseapproachesassumethatthereformationofsocialmediawillbeacomplex,lengthy,andgradualprocess.Butnoteveryoneseesitthatway.Alongsidetheseofficialresponses,aloosecollectiveofdevelopersthatcallsitselftheIndieWebhasbeencreatinganotheralternative.Theyaredevelopingtheirownsocial-mediaplatforms,whichtheysaywillpreservewhat’sgoodaboutsocialmediawhilegettingridofwhat’sbad.Theyhopetorebuildsocialmediaaccordingtoprinciplesthatarelesscorporateandmorehumane（人道的）.Whydidtheauthorfeelannoyedwhenhisvideowasspreadonline?Hisvideocausedmanyarguments.Hisvideowassharedwithouthispermission.Histalkwasopposedbyalargeamountofpeople.D.Hisvideo’spopularityonsocialmediaisagainsthistalk.Whydoestheauthormentionthestoryofhispartnerinparagraph2?Toprovethatsocialmediahassomebenefits.Toadvisepeopletobreakawayfromsocialmedia.Totellthenegativeeffectssocialmediamayproduce.Todescribepeople’scomplicatedrelationshipswithsocialmedia.Whatisthepurposeofthereformmadebysomesocial-mediacompanies?A.Toattractmoreusers. B.Toimprovenetworkenvironment.C.Tomakemoreprofits. D.Toprovidemoreconvenientservice.WhatdoestheIndieWebintendtodo?A.Developnewsocial-mediaplatforms.Removesocialmediafrompeople’slives.Improvetheexistingsocial-mediaprinciples.Helpsocial-mediacompaniestomakereformation.COnthenightofSeptember19,1961,BettyHillandherhusbandBarneyweredrivinghomethroughtheWhiteMountainsfromNiagaraFalls.Theyweretravellingonanearlydesertedtwo-lanehighwaywhenBettynoticedasteadylightintheskythatwasgettingbiggerandbrighter.Shethoughtitwasaplanetorastar.Barney,stimulatedatherexcitement,saiditwasprobablyjustawanderingaeroplane.Whateveritwas,itappearedtobefollowingthem.Theystoppedtheircarforacloserlook.Whattheysaidhappenednext,changedtheirlives.Theflyingobjectwasnoiseless.Itappearedtobespinning.Itwasasbigasajetbutshapedlikeapancake.SoformedthetaleofBettyHill,aNewHampshiresocialworkerwho,withBarney,apostalworker,claimedtobekidnappedbyaliens,whowerefromouterspace,onamoonlitnightabout60yearsago.Afterreluctantlygoingpublicwithherexperience,Hill,whodiedofcanceratherNewHampshirehome,aged85,becameacelebrityontheUFOcircuitandwasknownasthe“firstladyofUFOs”.Intriguingly,atthetimeoftheincident,theHillsrememberednothingexceptthattheyhadspiedastrangeobjectinthesky.Later,troubledbynightmaresandotherstress-relatedpains,thecoupleunderwenthypnosis^眠）wherethefullstorycameoutwiththeaidofBostonpsychiatristBenjaminSimon,anexpertinmedicalhypnosis.OntheirnightofcontacttheHillsarrivedhomeat5a.m.,unabletoaccountfortwolosthours.Theywerealsoconfusedbytheoddmarksontheirtelescopes,deepsignsonthetopsofBarney’sbestshoes,Betty’storndressandstrangecircularmarkingsontheircarthatmadetheneedleofacompassjumpwildly.Afterseeingthemforsixmonths,thepsychiatristconcludedtheHills’lostmemoryaboutthehourstheylostonthatnightin1961“appearedtoinvolveanamazingexperienceonthepartofbothoftheHills”.Whethertheexperiencehadbeenfantasyorreality,Simoncouldnotsay,buthesaidhewasconvincedtheyhadnotbeenlying.Heguessedthatithadbeenakindofshareddream.Reportsofalienscapturinghumansandtakingthemaboardoddlyshapedspacecraftwere“comparativelyrare”before1975.Afteramovie,“TheUFOIncident”,abouttheHillscameout,however,suchstoriesincreased.8.Whentheysawthestrangeobjectinthesky,BarneyandBettyHill .A.wereastonishedatitsstrangeflightandnoise B.regardeditasjustawanderingcarfollowingthemC.realizedimmediatelywhatthedangeritmightcause D.showedcuriosityindiscoveringwhatitreallywasTheword“Intriguingly”inparagraph6mostprobablymeans“ ”.A.Ridiculously B.Temporarily C.Remarkably D.MysteriouslyTheHillslatersoughtthehelpofapsychiatristbecause .theyhadlotsofsecretsintheirlivesafterthestrangeexperiencetheirlivesweregreatlydisturbedbytheunexpectedexperiencetheywantedtosharetheirunforgettableexperiencewiththeexperttheyhopedtoforgetcompletelywhathadhappenedtothem11.Thisarticlewaswritteninorderto .A.describeanunusualeventtothereaders B.convincereadersoftheexistenceofUFOsC.recordhowpeoplewerecaughtbyaliens D.warnpeopleofthedangerstheUFOscauseDEveryday,millionsofshoppershitthestoresinfullforce,searchingwildlyfortheperfectgift.Asidefrompurchasingholidaygifts,mostpeopleregularlybuypresentsforotheroccasionsthroughouttheyear,includingweddings,birthdays,anniversaries,andgraduations.Thisfrequentexperienceofgift-givingcancauseuncertainfeelingsingift-givers.Manyenjoytheopportunitytobuypresentsbecausegift-givingoffersapowerfulmeanstobuildstrongerbonds,whilemanyworrythattheirpurchaseswilldisappointratherthandelighttheintendedrecipients（接受者）.Anthropologistsdescribegift-givingasapositivesocialprocess,servingvariouspolitical,religious,andpsychologicalfunctions.Economists,however,offeralessfavorableview.AccordingtoWaldfogel,gift-givingrepresentsanobjectivewasteofresources.Peoplebuygiftsthatrecipientswouldnotchoosetobuyontheirown,oratleastnotspendasmuchmoneytopurchase(aphenomenonreferredtoas‘‘thedeadweightlossofChristmas”).Whatissurprisingisthatgift-givershavemuchexperienceactingasbothgift-giversandgift-recipients,butneverthelesstendtooverspendeachtimetheysetouttopurchaseameaningfulgift.Inthepresentresearch,weproposeauniquepsychologicalexplanationforthisoverspendingproblem—gift-giverslinkhowmuchtheyspendwithhowmuchrecipientswillappreciatethegift.Thoughitseemsnaturaltogift-givers,suchanassumptionmaybeunfounded.Indeed,weproposethatgift-recipientswillbelesslikelytobasetheirfeelingsofappreciationonthevalueofagiftthangiversassume.Whydogift-giversassumethatgiftpriceiscloselylinkedtogift-recipients’feelingsofappreciation?Perhapsgiversbelievethatmoreexpensivegiftscommunicateastrongersenseofthoughtfulnessandconsideration.AccordingtoCamererandothers,gift-givingrepresentsasymbolicritual(習(xí)俗),bywhichgift-giversattempttosignaltheirpositiveattitudestowardstherecipientandtheirwillingnesstoinvestresourcesinafuturerelationship.Inthissense,gift-giversmaybemotivatedtospendmoremoneyonagiftinordertosenda“strongersignal”.Asforgift-recipients,theymaynotinterpretsmallerandlargergiftsasrepresentingsmallerandlargersignalsofthoughtfulnessandconsideration.Theideaofgift-giversandgift-recipientsbeingunabletoaccountfortheotherparty’sviewpointseemsconfusingbecausepeopleslipinandoutoftheseroleseveryday.Yet,despitetheexperienceasbothgiversandreceivers,peopleoftenstruggletoapplyinformationgainedfromoneroleinanother.Intheoreticalterms,peoplefailtouseinformationabouttheirownpreferencesandexperiencestoproducemoreefficientoutcomesintheirexchangerelations.Inpracticalterms,peoplespendhundredsofdollarseachyearongifts,butsomehowneverlearntoestimatetheirgiftexpenseaccordingtopersonalinsight.Theauthoruses“thedeadweightlossofChristmas”inParagraph2toexpress .gift-giversdon’tspendmuchmoneyduringholidaysgift-giversdon’taskrecipientswhatgiftstheyprefergift-giversbuyimproperandexpensivegiftsgift-givershavedifficultyinchoosinggiftsAccordingtothepassage,peoplebuygiftsto .receivegiftsinreturnenjoythefeelingofshoppinghelprecipientstosavemoneybetterrelationshipswithrecipientsWhatcanwelearnfromthepassage?People’shighlivingstandardsrequireexpensivegifts.Gift-giversbuygiftsbasedontheirexperiencesasrecipients.Anthropologiststhinkgift-givingmeetsdifferenthumanneeds.Recipientsjudgethedepthoffriendshipaccordingtothegiftprice.Whydidtheauthorwritethisarticle?Tocriticizepeople’sgift-buyinghabits.Toanalyzepeople’sgift-givingbehaviors.Toofferadviceonhowtoimproverelationships.Toremindpeoplenottooverlookothers’preferences.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Wehavebeenworriedthosedaysfromtimetotime.Lifeisshort,andweallneedtohaveagoodrecalltorealizethatlifecanbeverygood. 16 Beoptimistic.Thinkoflifeinthebestaspect,andfindthebettersideofanysituation.Youwouldbeamazedathowmuchmorepositivesidesthreeareinlifethantheusualnegativesides. 17 Don’twasteasinglesecondbeingsad,orbored,orevenlonely.Getoutanddance,andsingasifyourlifedependsonit.Youneverknowhowlongitisgoingtolast.Bekindtoeveryone.Kindnessisthetruekeytounlockingyourownhappinessandjoy. 18 Makeasmanyfriendsasyoucan,andhelpthemwhentheyaredown,asyouneverknowwhenyouwillneedthemwhentimeishard.Bequietandthinkaboutlife.Sometimesjustsitorstandsomewherepeacefullyandthinkaboutwhatyouhaveachieved,whatyouareabouttoachieve,orwhatyouwanttoachieve. 19 Youwillfeelmorerespectfuloflife.Liveinthepresent.Forgetaboutthepast. 20 Don’tworryaboutthefuture,asyoubuilditwitheachpresentmoment,andifyouforgettoliveinthemoment,youwouldbesurprisedathowquicklyyou’dmissedthegoodtime.Andsometimesyourmindwillhityou.Changingyourlifeattitudeisnecessary.Liveeverypresentmomenttothefullest.Developasmanyhobbiesaspossible.Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybehelpful.Becausethereisnothingyoucandoaboutit.Whenothersnoticeyourkindness,theywillpleasinglyreturnit.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Comfortfoodissomethingeveryonecanappreciate.___21___simplyforourbodies,comfortfoodnourishes（滋養(yǎng)）thesoulandspirit.Now,Spenceristakingthe22toanewlevel.Sheisbeginningto___23___comfortfoodtothoseinneed.Afloodhasbroughtstressandfood___24___totableswhereit'sneverbeenfeltbefore,butit'salso___25___theopportunitytobeabletogivebackinwaysthatareimmediateandmeaningful.LastweekSpencer26generousdonation（捐贈(zèng)）onhissonBill's7thbirthday.It27hisbirthdaycelebrationfrom“doubtful”to“great”.Spencerhadanideato___28___thatkindnessfurther.Immediatelythemotherofthree___29___$600buyingfoodforeightstrangepeople.“Ijustwantedtobringpeople 30 ,”Spencersaid.Notbeing 31 ,shewasinpositionbothtogiveandreceive.However,fromhermom'spositiveexampleBilllearnedto 32 whathereceived.“We'vebeenonbothsidesoftherange,”shesaid.“It'snotgood 33 whenyoudon'tknowwheretogetfoodforyourkidsandwhereyournext 34 is.”Spencer'sactsofkindnesswere35bythepublicbecauseasharp-eyedstoreemployee36thegooddeedsandpostedthemtosocialmedia.ThisweekSpencerwillfurther37thelovebysupplyingholidaymealstotwofamiliesinneedinhercommunitybutsheisn't38there.Shesaysshealsoplansto39herkindactswhenshecan,andhopesthatotherswhoseeherstorywillbe___40 todothesame.21.A.MorethanB.InsteadofC.AboveallD.Asto22.A.opportunityB.comfortC.saleD.idea23.A.recommendB.supplyC.pushD.introduce24.A.advertisementB.qualityC.anxietyD.relief25.A.awaitedB.chosenC.enjoyedD.heightened26.A.receivedB.neededC.soughtD.promised27.A.tookB.turnedC.answeredD.gave28.A.ignoreB.appreciateC.relyonD.carryon29.A.savedB.borrowedC.collectedD.spent30.A.smilesB.fortuneC.honorD.stories31.A.generousB.wealthyC.optimisticD.considerate32.A.turndownB.payoffC.givebackD.figureout33.A.holidayB.excuseC.feelingD.thought34.A.opportunityB.goalC.jobD.meal35.A.disturbedB.noticedC.buriedD.paid36.A.recordedB.admittedC.performedD.followed37.A.earnB.findC.spreadD.witness38.A.stoppingB.workingC.wanderingD.sighing39.A.startB.continueC.completeD.announce40.A.persuadedB.requestedC.inspiredD.honored第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Doyouknowzerowastelifestyle?It 41. (found)byBeaJohnson.ShewasborninFranceandmovedtoCalifornialater.Herfamilyusedtolivethetraditional,UnitedStateslifestyle,withabighouse, 42. (fill)refrigerators,andahugeamountoftrasheachweek.BeaJohnson,soonrealizedthefactthattherearetoomanythingsinourlives 43. arenotthethingsweneed.They 44. (final)becomegarbageandpollutetheenvironmentaswell.BeaJohnsonwasbraveenough 45. (take)stepstochangethis.Since2008,Bea 46. (manage)tochangeherfamily’slifebyreducingtheirwastetoajaroftrasheveryyear.Thismaysoundunbelievable,butBeahasmadeithappen.Asthefounderofzerowastelifestyle,BeaJohnsonstartedaglobalmovementandcontinuestoinspirethecommunitywithherblog.ThezerowastelifestylethatBeapioneeredisworth 47. (try).Whateveryouropinionisontheenvironment,perhapsyouwillbeinterestedtolearn