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he設(shè)ad車a胞nd擦,熟in屠s中om須e逃ca揀se余s,飼r(shí)良ec宵om跡me職nd桌a脫lt逐er勵(lì)na絹te翁r劫ou佩te貼s.掉T依he雜C術(shù)MS閑a與ls續(xù)o遣re魚du功ce凡s鑰dr冠iv階er轟f疾ru悶st酸ra帝ti蛇on襖b灶y鵝pr挨ov乏id衫in敲g豎ad么va寒nc伶e片wa耀rn煉in自g.頭A陶C殖MS陜i寒s默al滴so挨r削ef句er鹿re弓d寬to刊a吩s度a愈Va希ri使ab尸le隔M品es屢sa蓬ge蛇S屢ig竟n牌(V潛MS恰).讓壩Co天ll腐ec茅to菜r花Di奶st圈ri歪bu喝to辭r汁(C芬D)ACDfreewaysystemseparateslocalandthroughtrafficbyuseofCDroadwaysandthroughroadways("mainlanes"or"coreroadway").TheCDroadwayislocatedbetweenthemainlanesandafrontageroad傾o恩r歸lo藏ca潛l鳥st伐re石et厭s驗(yàn)ys暮te槳m.凳O留n底th謹(jǐn)e胡ma學(xué)in俯l托an姨es爸,諷tr光af踩f(wàn)i擋c熟fl拘ow史i疑s怪im告pr瑞ov肥ed陷s伐in芽ce尚認(rèn)we圍av飽in婆g繡i組s法el挪im搏in涉at知ed懶a而nd岔a飲cc索es滾s牢po維in妙ts枕a木re奮r險(xiǎn)ed御uc剩ed記;拖th由e喊CD弟r琴oa催dw栗ay教p數(shù)ro唱vi枯de娛s瞎ne某ed識(shí)ed皆紛fr跳ee塞wa斷y養(yǎng)a撿cc辣es州s墨po蠅in皮ts翠.剪A師CD半r紅oa腎dw腫ay鼓i混s拍di躺ff縣er舅en跨t晴fr瑞om音a四f吧ro培nt話ag冶e越ro鐘ad潤(rùn)b云ec伙au便se爭(zhēng)a痛cc絲es串s山to握a耐dj思ac婆en杠t竊pr穩(wěn)op涼er碌ti恥es求i跌s灑no魄t福pe王rm惕it繩te陳d.進(jìn)A饅C像D油ro抗ad微wa茅y婆ca庫(kù)n區(qū)co銜mp抵le架me繩nt期a筋n辜ex筋is暈ti悶ng狐f柿ro借nt雞ag黃e穗ro依ad糟s搜ys趙te美m(xù)煤by剛i陪nc及l(fā)u椅si翅on呀o啟f輪ra餅mp竭s膚co體nn壯ec妥ti殼ng爭(zhēng)t音he襲C轟D襖ro煩ad摘wa膨y拋to梨t蝦he涂f彎ro否nt緞ag捷e諸ro汽ad滿;破th葡e熔fr診on彎ta朽ge詠r吩oa陣d稈is球t蘋he惠n廁be盾tt透er愉a榮bl讓e程to喇h淋an蕩dl增e葉tr寧af側(cè)fi流c曬ac圈ce阻ss未in翅g箭ad租ja領(lǐng)ce雄nt鳴p先ro胡pe暢rt指ie浸s.細(xì)F合or晴t桐ra區(qū)ff創(chuàng)ic憤t繪ra瞧ve猜li跪ng蒙b級(jí)et須we臉en涌a諒f框re做ew梅ay搏s喂ys隙te場(chǎng)m和an供d陪mo茶re育d挎is游ta掘nt涌p撞oi囑nt能s,族"揉di踩re版ct啟c珠on討ne截ct笨"英ra擦mp鬧s呈ca績(jī)n顧be快u介se半d唉to魚"謠di澆re昂ct鞠ly冠c西on共ne斥ct資"原th設(shè)e守CD辟r懂oa衫dw伴ay鄙t綿o踐ma查jo論r菜th涌or脫ou明gh孝fa桐re類s測(cè)(l貴ea冷di緣ng達(dá)t賴o瓶ma喬jo手r普tr灰af斥fi元c譯ge喚ne版ra辦ti棗on俱a猴re沃as亞)趨an垃d,霉t斷he亂re拜by據(jù),廟by筋pa堵ss聲f帆ro兔nt園ag膝e帳ro洪ad叛s最or眼l兔oc唐al失s寇tr防ee挖ts充a態(tài)dj擴(kuò)ac危en漠t鋒to難t蜘he得f曠re匯ew誰(shuí)ay兔.挎Th蒸is始C省D聲r(shí)o屬ad抖wa漁y棚an悠d并di餃re庭ct餓c僵on烏ne拜ct趕r引am注p拳ar鮮ra墾ng魯em汪en福t世el供im奪in匹at掀es玻m從er反gi姓ng調(diào)a趙nd臣w悄ea鵝vi鈴ng斥m出ov新em增en柏ts賠t跟ha倉(cāng)t辦wo慣ul膜d宣ot梨he貫rw零is炮e齡oc晌cu鍵r浮be尊tw愧ee塑n秧th在e融fr擁ee獨(dú)wa夕y,出f呈ro儉nt黨ag鞏e甲ro跑ad歸,檢an舅d廈lo盒ca觀l嘴ro管ad診s.載D習(xí)ur知in演g捧pe娃ak使t休ra沿ff館ic負(fù),撇th融is閱a奮rr破an暈ge嗚me日nt球c芽an尼p毫ro喉vi鋒de違t弦he醒a(bǔ)什dd刊ed駱b丸en銹ef核it葬o拔f蔽ke奴ep你in蟲g弊o(hù)p彩en唱t搖ho鍵se鉗s溝ec寺ti蓬on痛s硬of替f霞re廊ew矮ay轟l板an棄es鳳a嫩pp聾ro災(zāi)ac矮hi絲ng哥e認(rèn)xi度t伯ra替mp約s誕si周nc已e王gr性ea司te柏r世st只or蓬ag則e圾le返ng賺th妄f歲or去e攔xi隔ti憲ng閥t茅ra鬼ff況ic舟q茅ue游ue會(huì)s舞(l顏in鴉es垮o里f共ve慣hi慰cl慕es斗w辦ai猛ti微ng幕t筍he姥ir抗t礙ur愛n)偷i沙s急ma元de鞠;雪in億cr苗ea朵se忠d饅qu東eu顯e竄st轟or膜ag襲e憐is使m糠ad廉e旅by背t案he白g縱re誘at陡er擺l劍en獻(xiàn)gt違h時(shí)of鋒t桑he餅d擺ir袍ec鑼t筐co楊nn豐ec廟t掛ra恥mp團(tuán)s,委t床he城r犁ed托uc寶ti艱on必o奏f底tu喝rb牧ul勒en碎ce怨i助n虎th匪e喊qu脈eu抖e謠(n動(dòng)o硬ac旅ce舒ss普t幅o外ad其ja片ce鄰nt牙p棒ro莊pe允rt暑y)弄,布an悅d悠th砍e酒re喇lo陸ca保ti鉤on嶄o透f英th到e珍qu啄eu缺e鼻aw說ay枕f更ro裳m,異i滅ns吸te埋ad生o設(shè)f頭pa礙ra劉ll挨el芝w逝it虛h丈th很e式fr歲ee備wa柳y.元A珠C女D謹(jǐn)sy櫻st剝em宜w李it侄h塑di靠re謎ct興c和on靜ne帥ct偽r憤am稱ps爪c我an幸p刊ro逃mo筍te素i土nt塔er剝mo甲da逃li傻sm阿s首in峰ce尊i卵t還pr霜ov江id西es挪f線or膊e教as尋ie械r挨mo戰(zhàn)ve娘me校nt艙o手f檢tr霞an翁si廟t牢ve光hi熔cl攤es誦l排ik黑e饞bu羞se蕉s.鍵B撞us質(zhì)es窯c慚an磚e酒as粘il盯y題tr柿av跌el嬸d盾ir幕ec青tl賢y籌be直tw洞ee財(cái)n泳th險(xiǎn)e進(jìn)CD犬r繁oa某dw愧ay睛a黃nd膚l服oc咬al霉s收tr型ee椒ts歷w省it蝶ho起ut聰h底av決in啊g押to厭m肢er檢ge詢a使nd宅w抄ea樸ve慎o葉n膚an傷d棋of墳f詳of殼f著ro病nt奪ag刊e幼ro騰ad愈s.嬌T康he彩C平D說ro宴ad傳wa矩y'漫s稈op毯er戒at雹in勸g繪sp撥ee音d茶is暈g屢en四er鐮al庭ly謀l襖ow劍er材t它ha鼠n動(dòng)th餐e權(quán)ma事in利l彈an糕es雪s崖in被ce貓t惜he會(huì)C征D捧ro洋ad堪wa籮y藥ha最s叛mo亂re午e男nt村ra嚇nc驢e籠an降d棕ex抄it狗a殿re悟as抹.勿It歐i蹄s喇wo哀rt國(guó)h搏no散ti缸ng緩t帥ha村t妖a求fr決ee茂wa停y'徐s丸op襖ti珍ma元l星tr責(zé)af勾fi卵c松ca姨rr鋼yi傳ng蓮c蠻ap閘ac授it蔽y第oc句cu烤rs旦a鋤t術(shù)ar萄ou允nd盤4說5收mp樣h.文B糖ec條au侍se薯o麻f丑th虧is僻l玉ow術(shù)er拾o致pe仰ra賺ti點(diǎn)ng屋s埋pe途ed艱,觸th泛e價(jià)CD唉r他oa頓dw混ay喚m型ay蹈b恢e腫de便si輸gn儉ed蝦w踩it啦h則a榮lo糞we熱r戲de蜂si輔gn粘s娘pe孩ed陪w過hi公ch傭a竭ll營(yíng)ow棟s除fo柿r蘇mo舊re執(zhí)f江le躲xi挨bl似e譜de援si關(guān)gn龜.犁In黨g曬en監(jiān)er濕al繪,擴(kuò)a到fr寒ee倍wa灣y傘sy悠st裹em秒w已it年h品hi伏gh描t貞ra址ff業(yè)ic架v阻ol鞠um之es題,算in化a俗c洋it墻y-飼ty咬pe全a曲re好a,獸c瓜an憑h黨av越e渾it惑s斧ov必er媽al謝l律tr弄af赴fi純c用ca讀rr階yi堪ng混c踐ap撿ac浴it侮y撤an錢d休fl倦ow險(xiǎn)o蠻pe有ra析ti疤on咐s蜻im輕pr欺ov鎖ed治b裙y遲us半e繪of冤a榮C盟D煩sy悟st休em厚.墳CD筍s俊ys袖te驕ms諸a驕re回c沫ur次re徑nt生ly峽i冤n輸op詞er往at搬io務(wù)n殘in柔s籌ev筒er鄰al沸c固it連ie抄s燭ac賢ro惑ss恒t蛇h(yuǎn)e手n段at才io餓n.漠CommuterRail(CR)CommuterRailisurbanpassengertrainserviceforshortdistance(local)travelbetweenacentralcityandadjacentsuburbsandlonghaul(regional)passengerservicebetweencities.Itdoesnotincludeheavyrailserviceorlightrailservice(servinglongerdistances).Commuterrailservicemaybeeitherlocomotive-hauledorself-propelled,andischaracterizedbyreducedfaremulti-triptickets,specificstation-to-stationfares,railroademploymentpractices,andusuallyonlyoneortwostationsinthecentralbusinessdistrict.Alsoknownas"suburbanrail."Itmaycrossthegeographicalboundariesofastate.Congestion/DemandManagement(CDM)SeeTransportationDemandManagementandCongestionManagementSystem.CongestionManagementSystem(CMS)Asystematicprocesswhichprovidesinformationontransportationsystemperformanceandalternativestrategiestoalleviatecongestionandenhancethemobilityofpersonsandgoods.ACMSincludesmethodstomonitorandevaluateperformance,identifyalternativeactions,accessandimplementcost-effectiveactions,andevaluatetheeffectivenessofimplementedactions.CongestionMitigationandAirQuality(CMAQ)improvementprogramAspecialprovisionoftheISTEAthatdirectsfundstowardsprojectsinCleanAirActNon-Attainmentareasforozoneandcarbonmonoxide.CongestionPricingThepolicyofchargingdriversafeethatvarieswiththeleveloftrafficonacongestedroadway.Congestionpricingisdesignedtoallocateroadwayspaceinamoreefficientmanner.Congestionpricingisalsoknownasrelieftolling,variablepricing,androadpricing.ControlofAccess(COA)Thisisalsoreferredtoasaccesscontrol.COAistheregulatedlimitationofaccessandisachievedbyregulationofpublicaccessrightsinto(ingress)andoutof(egress)propertiesabuttingaroadway.Therearetwotypes:fullcontrolofaccessandpartialcontrolofaccess.Also,therearedrivewayandapproachcontrolregulations.OnaroadwaywithfullCOA,preferenceisgiventothemovementofthroughtrafficbyprovidingaccessconnectionsonlywithselectedpublicroads,byprohibitingcrossingsatthesamegrade,andbyprohibitingdirectprivatedrivewayconnections.OnaroadwaywithpartialCOA,preferenceisgiventothroughtraffic;howevertheremaybeaccessconnectionswithselectedpublicroads,crossingsatthesamegrade,andprivatedrivewayconnections.Fullorpartialaccesscontrolisusuallyaccomplishedbylegallyobtainingright-of-accessfromtheabuttingpropertyownersorbytheuseoffrontageroads.CriticalMovementAnalysis(CMA)Forsignalizedintersections,CMAfocusesonlanegroupsormovementswhichcontrolsignalrequirements.CMAfocusesontheidentificationandprovisionofcapacityforsuchflowscalledcriticalmovements.CMAisalsousedincapacityanalysis.DDesignHourVolume(DHV)Typically,theDHVisthethirtiethhighesthourlytrafficvolumeforthedesignyear,commonlytwentyyearsfromthetimeofconstruction.TheDHVisgiveninunitsofvehiclesperhour.DirectionalDesignHourVolume(DDHV)Typically,theDDHVisthethirtiethhighesthourlytrafficvolumeinonedirectionforthedesignyear,commonlytwentyyearsfromthetimeofconstruction.DDHVisgiveninunitsofvehiclesperhour.DraftEnvironmentalImpactStatement(DEIS)Anenvironmentaldocumentthatispreparedwhenitisinitiallydeterminedthattheaction/projectmaycausesignificantimpactstotheenvironment,whenenvironmentalstudiesandearlycoordinationindicatesignificantimpacts,orwhenreviewoftheenvironmentalassessmentindicatesthattheimpactsanticipatedtoresultfromtheprojectmaybesignificant.TheDEIScomparesallreasonablealternativestotheproposedprojectandsummarizesthestudies,reviews,consultations,andcoordinationrequiredbylegislationandExecutiveOrderstotheextentappropriateatthedraftstageintheenvironmentalprocess.Thisdocumentlistsallentitiesfromwhichcommentsarebeingrequested.EEnvironmentalAssessment(EA)Adocumentthatassessesanactionthatisnotacategoricalexclusionanddoesnotclearlyrequirethepreparationofanenvironmentalimpactstatement(EIS),orwheretheFederalHighwayAdministrationbelievesanenvironmentalassessmentwouldassistindeterminingtheneedforanEIS.EnvironmentalImpactStatement(EIS)Anenvironmentaldocumentthatisrequiredwhenanactionthatwillsignificantlyaffecttheenvironment.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)AFederalagencychargedwithprotectingthenaturalresourcesonthenation.ExpresswayAnexpresswayisadividedhighwayfacilityusuallyhavingtwoormorelanesfortheexclusiveuseoftrafficineachdirectionandpartialcontrolofaccess(asopposedtoafreewaywhichhasfullcontrolofaccess).FFeasibilityStudyAstudyaboutaproject'sfeasibilitywhichissummarizedinadocument.Thestudyaddressesissuesincludingtheproject'sbenefits,costs,effectiveness,alternativesconsidered,analysisofalternativeselection,environmentaleffects,publicopinions,andotherfactors.ThefeasibilitystudyformajorprojectsinvolvingFederalfundswasreplacedundertheIntermodalSurfaceTransportationEfficiencyActbytheMajorInvestmentStudy.FederalHighwayAdministration(FHWA)Thefederalagencyresponsiblefortheadministrationoffederalhighwayfunds.FHWAdoesnothaveadirectroleorresponsibilitiesinthedevelopmentofurbantransportationplansortheirdevelopment.However,theirroleisadministrationoffederalfundsandintheissuanceofpolicyandproceduretimetablesforimplementationoffederallegislativedirectivesisimmense.FederalTransitAdministration(FTA)TheFTAwasformerlyastheUrbanMassTransportationAdministration.ItoperatesundertheauthorityoftheFederalTransitAct.TheFTAwasestablishedasacomponentoftheUSDepartmentofTransportation.FinalEnvironmentalImpactStatement(FEIS)AnenvironmentaldocumentthatispreparedfollowingtheHYPERLINK"://dot.state.
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