2023學(xué)年完整公開課版直接引語

LearningaboutLanguageDiscoveringusefulstructuresUnit1引述某人的話一般采用兩種形式：一種是________，即原封不動(dòng)地引用原話，把它放在引號(hào)內(nèi)；另一種是________，即用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容不放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，而用賓語從句或復(fù)合賓語來表達(dá)。直接引語間接引語一、直接引語和間接引語之間的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則1．人稱的變化直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，人稱代詞要根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)述人立場的變化作相應(yīng)的改變。巧學(xué)助記直接引語變間接引語人稱變化口訣：“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新。”(1)“一隨主”，指在直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱而變化。Thefarmersaid，“Iambusyharvestingmycottonnow.”→Thefarmersaidthat______wasbusyharvesting______cottonthen.hehis(2)“二隨賓”，指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱要跟引號(hào)外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號(hào)外的主句沒有賓語，也可以用第一人稱。Aforeigneraskedthestudents,“Canadultsstudyinaformaluniversityinyourcountry？”→Aforeigneraskedthestudentsifadultscouldstudyinaformaluniversityin_______country.their(3)“第三人稱不更新”，指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱一般不需要變化。Aneducatorsaid,“Theyneedtoknowsomethingabouthisworks.”→Aneducatorsaidthat_______neededtoknowsomethingabouthisworks.they2．時(shí)態(tài)的變化。直接引語變間接引語時(shí)句子時(shí)態(tài)變化如下表：直接引語間接引語句子時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)不變過去將來時(shí)①Hesaid，“Iamhavingsuppernow.”→Hesaidthathe_____________supperthen.②Thedesignersaid，“Wehavebegunourproject.”→Thedesignersaidthatthey___________theirproject.washavinghadbegun3．指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語及方向性動(dòng)詞的變化。引語用詞直接引語間接引語指示代詞thisthatthesethose時(shí)間狀語nowthentodaythatdaythismorningthatmorningtonightthatnighttomorrowthenext/followingdayyesterdaythedaybefore引語用詞直接引語間接引語時(shí)間狀語lastnightthenightbeforethedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforethreedaysagothreedaysbeforenextweekthenext/followingweekagobefore地點(diǎn)狀語herethere方向性動(dòng)詞bringtakecomego①Zhangsaid,“IhopethisisnotonlyanachievementforChineseliterature.”→Zhangsaidthat______hoped________wasnotonlyanachievementforChineseliterature.②“Wheredidyouhaveapicnicyesterday？”

askedhisfriend.→Hisfriendaskedwhere_________apicnic____________.③“Whenyoucomehere,willyoupleasebringadictionary？”theeditorsaidtotheworker.→Theeditoraskedtheworker_____________________adictionarywhenhe____________.hethatthedaybeforehehadhadwhetherhewouldtakewentthere名師點(diǎn)津以上這些變化要根據(jù)說話的實(shí)際情況來定，不要機(jī)械照搬。假如就在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here就不必改為there。如果就在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述，yesterday,tomorrow等時(shí)間狀語也不必改變。4．連接詞的選擇。(1)直接引語是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，常變成由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。在口語中，that可以省略。①Hesaid，“Iwascookingwhentheearthquakehappened.”→Hesaid(that)hewascookingwhentheearthquakehappened.②Shesaidtome，“Icamebackanhourago.”→Shetoldme(that)shehadcomebackanhourbefore.(2)直接引語是一般疑問句、選擇疑問句或反意疑問句時(shí)，間接引語中用whether(...or...或．..ornot)或if引導(dǎo)。Hesaid,“AreyouinterestedinEnglish？”→Heasked(me)if/whetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.(3)直接引語為特殊疑問句時(shí)，間接引語仍用原句中的特殊疑問詞來引導(dǎo)，其余的變化遵照直接引語和間接引語之間的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則來進(jìn)行。“What'syourname？”

heaskedme.→Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.名師點(diǎn)津當(dāng)直接引語里是“What'swrongwith...？/What'sthematter？/What'sthetrouble？/Whathashappened？”等特殊疑問句時(shí)，間接引語語序不變。二、難點(diǎn)突破1．直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不發(fā)生變化的情況。(1)直接引語是客觀真理、諺語和格言時(shí)：“Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth，”

theteachertoldme.→Theteachertoldmetheearth________aroundthesunandthatthemoon_________aroundtheearth.(2)直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語時(shí)：Tomsaid，“IwasbornonApril21,1980.”→Tomsaidhe__________onApril21,1980.movesmoveswasborn2．直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞的變化。(1)直接引語是陳述句時(shí)，若變?yōu)殚g接引語，主句中的saidtosb.常改為toldsb.Thefathersaidtohisson,“Yourfriendaskedyoutogivehimaring.”→Thefather_______hissonthathisfriendhadaskedhimtogivehimaring.(2)直接引語是疑問句時(shí)，若變?yōu)殚g接引語，如果主句中謂語動(dòng)詞是said,則將其改為asked。Thegirlsaid，“Whenshallweleavethehidingplace？”→Thegirl________whentheyshouldleavethehidingplace.toldasked3．疑問句的直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，要把疑問語序變成陳述語序。Themotherasked,“Whatarethekidsdoingintheroomnow？”

→Themotheraskedwhat__________________intheroomthen.thekidsweredoing課堂達(dá)標(biāo)驗(yàn)收單句改錯(cuò)1．Kittysaidthatsheneedssomefreshair.2．Hesaidheboughtabeautifulcarthedayago.3．Theastronomertoldusthemoonmovedaroundtheearth.4．TheshopassistantaskedmewhichoneIwilltake.5．Hetoldusthathewouldgiveusanexaminationnextday.6．Isaidtoher，“Iamgoingtohavemyhaircutthatday.”needs→neededago→beforemoved→moveswill→would在next前加thethatday→today語法單句填空1．Iaskedhim________hewouldstayathomeorgooutforhiking.2．(2014·成都高一檢測)—Sorry,whatdidyousayjustnow?—Iasked________Icouldgettothestation.whetherhow3．Theactorsaidhe________(be)bornin1984.4．TheteacheraskedMary________shecouldtellhimthegeneralideaofthepoem.ifwas5．Yesterdayhetoldmethathehadmethisuncletwoyears________(ago)．6．Hetoldushe______________(attend)aconcertthreedays________(ago)．beforehadattendedbefore7．Theteachersaidthatpractice________(make)perfect.8．—Whocalledjustnow,Sam?—It's