英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解模擬試題及答案詳解

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解模擬試題及答案詳解

1、WhatisitaboutAmericansandfood?Welovetoeat,butwefeel1aboutitafterward.We

saywewantonlythebest,butwestrangelyenjoyjunkfood.We're2withhealthandweight

lossbutfaceanunprecedentedepidemicofobesity（肥胖）.Perhapsthe3tothis

ambivalence（矛盾情結(jié)）liesinourhistory.ThefirstEuropeanscametothiscontinent

searchingfornewspicesbutwentinvain.Thefirstcashcrop（經(jīng)濟(jì)作物）wasn'teatenbut

smoked.ThentherewasProhibition,intendedtoprohibitdrinkingbutactuallyencouraging

more4waysofdoingit.

Theimmigrantexperience,too,hasbeenoneofinharmony.DoasRomansdomeans

eatingwhat"realAmericans^^eat,butournation'sfoodhascometobe5byimports-pizza,

say,orhotdogs.Andsomeofthecountry'smosttreasuredcookingcomesfrompeoplewho

arrivedhereinshackles.

Perhapsitshouldcomeasnosurprisethenthatfoodhasbeenamediumforthenation's

definingstruggles,whetherattheBostonTeaPartyorthesitinsatsouthernlunchcounters.

Itisintegraltoourconceptsofhealthandevenmoralitywhetheronerefrainsfromalcoholfor

religiousreasonsorevadesmeatforpolitical6.

Butstrongopinionshavenotbrought7.Americansareambivalentaboutwhattheyput

intheirmouths.Wehavebecome8ofourfoods,especiallyaswelearnmoreaboutwhatthey

contain.

The9infoodisstillprosperousintheAmericanconsciousness.nocoincidence,then,

thatthefirstThanksgivingholdstheAmericanimaginationinsuchbondage（束縛）.It'swhat

weeat—andhowwe10itwithfriends,family,andstrangers—thathelpdefineAmericaasa

communitytoday.

A.answer1.creative

B.resultJ.belief

C.shareK.suspicious

D.guiltyL.certainty

E.constantM.obsessed

F.definedN.identify

G.vanishO.ideals

H.adapted

答案及解析

LDfeel是一個(gè)系動(dòng)詞，可以判斷此處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)形容詞，通過(guò)上下文意思，以及

后面介詞about,可以確定選項(xiàng)為D項(xiàng)guilty,短語(yǔ)feelguiltyaboutsth."對(duì)感到有

愧全句的意思為“我們很愛(ài)吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有負(fù)罪感

2.Mbeobsessedwith為固定搭配,原意為“被..附上/纏住/迷住心竅”，放在本句

表示“十分重視”。全句的意思為“我們很關(guān)心健康和減肥，但肥胖卻又空前地在蔓延”。

3.A本句缺一個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)，并且根據(jù)和介詞to的搭配，可以推斷出正確選項(xiàng)

answer.

4.I本句根據(jù)more和ways可以判斷出需要填入一個(gè)形容詞構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，根據(jù)上下

文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，卻激發(fā)了更多新奇的方法來(lái)酗酒”，可以確定I為正

確選項(xiàng)。

5.F本題較難。根據(jù)be和by確定應(yīng)填入一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞。再根據(jù)上下文，上文表

示“應(yīng)該吃典型的美國(guó)人吃的食物”，下文通過(guò)but轉(zhuǎn)折，表示實(shí)際上“美國(guó)的食物已經(jīng)

被諸如比薩和熱狗這樣的舶來(lái)品所詮釋了”，因此可以確定F為正確選項(xiàng)。

6.B政治結(jié)果，可根據(jù)宗教原因religiousreasons來(lái)推斷此處填政治結(jié)果。

7.L由于橫線后面沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，可以確定不是形成bring的短語(yǔ)，這樣本句所缺的為

一名詞，做bring的賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)下文解釋，“美國(guó)人對(duì)他們所吃的食物的態(tài)度是矛盾的”,

可以推出本句意義為“堅(jiān)定的觀點(diǎn)也不是確定不變的因此可以確定L為正確選項(xiàng)。

8.K系動(dòng)詞become后應(yīng)填入一個(gè)形容詞，和后面介詞of形成短語(yǔ)be/become

suspiciousof"對(duì)...感到懷疑

9.J本句缺一個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)，并且根據(jù)和介詞in的搭配，可以推斷出正確選項(xiàng)belief,

(have)beliefinsth/4相信...

10.C本句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，缺一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，且和with搭配，確定選項(xiàng)為share,sharesth.

withsb.,“與某人分享某事”。

2、

BaekelandandHartmannreportthatthe“shortsleepers”hadbeenmoreorless

averageintheirsleepneedsuntilthemenwereintheirteens.Butataboutage15orso,the

menvoluntarilybegancuttingdowntheirnightlysleeptimebecauseofpressuresfromschool,

work,andotheractivities.Thesementendedtoviewtheirnightlyperiodsofunconsciousness

asbothersomeinterruptionsintheirdailyroutines.

Ingeneral,these"shortsleeps"appearedambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,

conformist（不動(dòng)搖）intheiropinions,andverysureabouttheircareerchoices.Theyoften

heldseveraljobsatonce,orworkersfull-orpart-timewhilegoingtoschool.Andmanyof

themhadastrongurgetoappearunormaF,or“acceptable“totheirfriendsandassociates.

Whenaskedtorecalltheirdreams,the“shortsleepers^^didpoorly.Morethanthis,they

seemedtoprefernotremembering.Insimilarfashion,theirusualwayofdealingwith

psychologicalproblemswastodenythattheproblemexisted,andthentokeepbusyinthe

hopethatthetroublewouldgoaway.

Thesleeppatternsofthe“shortsleepers“weresimilarto,butlessextremethan,sleep

patternsshownbymanymentalpatientscategorizedasmanic（瘋?cè)耍?

The“l(fā)ongsleepers^^werequitedifferentindeed.BaekelandandHartmannreportthat

theseyoungmenhadbeenlengthysleepssincechildhood.Theyseemedtoenjoytheirsleep,

protectedit,andwerequiteconcernedwhentheywereoccasionallydeprivedoftheirdesired

9hoursofnightlybedrest.Theytendedtorecalltheirdreamsmuchbetterthandidthe“short

sleepers.”

Manyofthe“l(fā)ongsleepers^^wereshy,anxious,introverted（內(nèi)向），inhibited（壓抑）,

passive,mildlydepressed,andunsureofthemselves（particularlyinsocialsituations）.Several

openlystatesthatsleepwasanescapefromtheirdailyproblems.

1.Accordingtothereport,.

A）manyshortsleepersneedlesssleepbynature

B）manyshortsleepersareobligedtoreducetheirnightlysleeptimebecausetheyare

busywiththeirwork

C)longsleeperssleepalongerperiodoftimeduringtheday

D)manylongsleeperspreservetheirsleepinghabitformedduringtheirchildhood

2.Many“shortsleepers“arelikelytoholdtheviewthat.

A)sleepisawithdrawalfromthereality

B)sleepinterfereswiththeirsoundjudgement

C)sleepistheleastexpensiveitemontheirroutineprogram

D)sleepisthebestwaytodealwithpsychologicaltroubles

3.Itisstatedinthethirdparagraphthatshortsleepers.

A)areideallyvigorousevenunderthepressuresoflife

B)oftenneglecttheconsequencesofinadequatesleep

C)donotknowhowtorelaxproperly

D)aremoreunlikelytorunintomentalproblems

4.Whensometimestheycannotenjoyadequatesleep,thelongsleepersmight.

A)appeardisturbed

B)becomeenergetic

C)feeldissatisfied

D)beextremelydepressed

5.WhichofthefollowingisNotincludedinthepassage?

A)Ifonesleepsinadequately,hisperformancesuffersandhismemoryisweakened

B)Thesleeppatternsofshortsleepersareexactlythesaneasthoseshownbymany

mentalpatients

C)Longandshortsleepersdifferintheirattitudestowardssleep

D)Shortsleeperswouldbebetteroffwithmorerest

答案：DCBAB

貝克爾和哈特曼報(bào)道說(shuō)，“睡眠少的人”在未進(jìn)入少年期之前，其正常睡眠時(shí)間大致

與所需要的時(shí)間差不多。但到了15歲左右，由于學(xué)校、工作或其它活動(dòng)的地壓力，他

們就故意地減少了夜間睡眠的時(shí)間。這些人持有這樣的觀點(diǎn)：夜間睡眠是一件令人討厭

的事情，打斷了日常事務(wù)。

總的說(shuō)來(lái)，這些“睡眠少的人”表現(xiàn)得雄心勃勃、積極活躍、精力充沛、無(wú)意識(shí)樂(lè)觀

豁達(dá)、立場(chǎng)堅(jiān)定，對(duì)自己職業(yè)的選擇胸有成竹他們往往同時(shí)從事幾項(xiàng)工作，或者一邊

上學(xué)讀書(shū)，一邊從事專職或兼職工作。其中許多人有強(qiáng)烈愿望，想在朋友和熟人面前表

現(xiàn)得“正常”或“合群”。

當(dāng)讓他們回憶夢(mèng)境時(shí)，“睡眠少的人”回憶不起什么來(lái)。更有甚者，他們似乎情愿什

么都記不住。類似的情況是他們通常處理心理問(wèn)題的方式：不承認(rèn)問(wèn)題的存在，希望只

要忙忙碌碌，麻煩總會(huì)過(guò)去的。

“睡眠少的人”的睡眠模式與被劃入瘋子之類精神病患者的睡眠模式十分相似，只不

過(guò)沒(méi)有那么嚴(yán)重而已。

“睡眠多的人”情形則大不相同。貝克爾和哈特曼報(bào)道說(shuō)，這些年輕人從小的，有抱

負(fù)的睡眠就一直很長(zhǎng)。他們好像注重睡眠，不讓睡眠受打攪。偶爾沒(méi)有所需的9個(gè)小時(shí)

夜間臥床休息，他們便會(huì)十分不安。他們比“睡眠少的人“要更能回憶得起夢(mèng)的內(nèi)容。許

多“睡眠多的人”靦腆、焦躁、內(nèi)向、壓抑、消極和稍微有點(diǎn)兒沮喪，尤其在社交場(chǎng)合缺

乏自信。好幾個(gè)人坦言，睡眠是擺脫每天煩惱的一種方式。

3、

Uponreachinganappropriateage(usuallybetween18and21years),childrenare

encouraged,butnotforced,to“l(fā)eavethenest“andbeginanindependentlife.Afterchildren

leavehometheyoftenfindsocialrelationshipandfinancialsupportoutsidethefamily.

Parentsdonotarrangemarriagesfortheirchildren,nordochildrenusuallyaskpermissionof

theirparentstogetmarried,RomanticloveismostoftenthebasisformarriageintheUnited

States;youngadultsmeettheirfuturespouses(酉己偶)throughotherfriends,atjobs,andin

organizationsandreligiousinstitutions,Althoughchildrenchoosetheirownspouses,theystill

hopetheirparentswillapproveoftheirchoices.

Inmanyfamilies,parentsfeelthatchildrenshouldmakemajorlifedecisionsby

themselves.Aparentmaytrytoinfluenceachildtofollowaparticularprofessionbutthe

childisfreetochooseanothercareer.Sometimeschildrendopreciselytheoppositeofwhat

theirparentswishinordertoasserttheirindependence.Asonmaydeliberatelydecidenotto

gointohisfather'sbusinessbecauseofafearthathewilllosehisautonomyinhisfather's

workplace.Thisindependencefromparentsisnotanindicationthatparentsandchildrendo

notloveeachother.Stronglovebetweenparentsandchildrenisuniversalandthisisno

exceptionintheAmericanfamilyCoexistingwithsuchloveintheAmericanfamilyare

culturalvaluesofself-relianceandindependence.

1.Thewriterdiscussesthemarriageofyoungadultsinordertoshowwhichofthe

following?

A)Theyenjoythefreedomofchoosingtheirspouses.

B)Theywanttowinthepermissionoftheirparents.

C)Theyhaveastrongdesiretobecomeindependent.

D)Theywanttochallengetheauthorityoftheirparents.

2.MostyoungadultsintheU.S.getmarriedforthesakeof.

A)love

B)financialconcern

C)theirparents

D)familybackground

3.Basedonthepassage,itcanbeassumedthat.

A)Americanyoungadultsarelikelytofollowthesuitoftheirparents

B)mostAmericanpeoplenevermakemajordecisionsfortheirchildren

C)Americanyoungadultspossessculturalvaluesofindependence

D)onceayoungpersonstepsintohistwenties,hewillleavehishomepermanently

4.Asonisunwillingtoworkinhisfather'sbusinessmainlybecause.

A)hewishestomakefulluseofwhathehaslearntinschool

B)hewantstoprovehisindependence

C)hewishestodotheoppositeofwhathisparentsapproveof

D)hewantstoshowhisloveforhisparents

5.Thesubjectmatterofthisselectionis.

A)familyvalues

B)marriagearrangements

C)thepursuitofacareer

D）decisionmaking

答案：

CACBA

子女一旦到適當(dāng)年齡（通常是18至21歲），要鼓勵(lì)而不是強(qiáng)迫他們“離開(kāi)窩的，財(cái)

政的巢”，開(kāi)始獨(dú)立生活。小孩離開(kāi)家后，往往在外能夠與人交往，并自謀出路。父母

不為子女安排婚姻，子女結(jié)婚也通常無(wú)需獲得父母同意。在美國(guó)，浪漫的愛(ài)情往往是婚

姻的基礎(chǔ)，青年人通過(guò)朋友在學(xué)校、單位、組織以及宗教團(tuán)體認(rèn)識(shí)自己的，愛(ài)情的未來(lái)

的伴侶。盡管子女自己擇偶，他們?nèi)匀幌Ｍ改改苷J(rèn)同他們的選擇。

許多家庭的父母認(rèn)為，應(yīng)由子女自己來(lái)做他們生活中的重大決定。家長(zhǎng)可能會(huì)設(shè)法

影響子女去從事某一職業(yè)，但子女也有選擇其它職業(yè)的自由。有時(shí)為了證實(shí)自己的獨(dú)立

性，子女從事的工作正好與父母希望的相反。兒子可能執(zhí)意不去父親的企業(yè)工作，因?yàn)?/p>

擔(dān)心在那里就不能獨(dú)立自主。這種不依靠父母的獨(dú)立性并不意味著父母與子女之間缺乏

愛(ài)心。父母和子女之間普遍都有摯愛(ài)，美國(guó)家庭也毫不例外。只不過(guò)在美國(guó)家庭之中，

還融合了自主、獨(dú)立的文化價(jià)值觀念。

4、

Nowletuslookathowweread.Whenwereadaprintedtext,oureyesmoveacross

apageinshort,jerkymovement.Werecognizewordsusuallywhenoureyesarestillwhen

theyfixate.Eachtimetheyfixate,weseeagroupofwords.Thisisknownastherecognition

spanorthevisualspan.Thelengthoftimeofrwhichtheeyesstop-thedurationofthe

fixation---variesconsiderablyfrompersontoperson.Italsovaieswithinanyoneperson

accordingtohispurposeinreadingandhisfamiliaritywiththetext.Furthermore,itcanbe

affectedbysuchfactorsaslightingandtiredness.

Unfortunately,inthepast,manyreadingimprovementcourseshaveconcentratedtoo

muchonhowoureyesmoveacrosstheprintedpage.Asaresultofthismisleadingemphasis

onthepurelyvisualaspectsofreading,numerousexerciseshavebeendevisedtotrainthe

eyestoseemorewordsatonefixation.Forinstance,insomeexercises,wordsareflashedon

toascreenfor,say,atenthoratwentiethofasecond.Oneoftheexerciseshasrequired

studentstofixtheireyesonsomecentralpoint,takinginthewordsoneitherside.Suchword

patternsareoftenconstructedintheshapeofrathersteeppyramidssothereadertakesin

moreandmorewordsateachsuccessivefixation.Alltheseexercisesareveryclever,butit's

onethingtoimproveaperson'sabilitytoseewordsandquiteanotherthingtoimprovehis

abilitytoreadatextefficiently.Readingrequirestheabilitytounderstandtherelationship

betweenwords.Consequently,forthesereasons,manyexpertshavenowbeguntoquestion

theusefulnessofeyetraining,especiallysinceanyapproachwhichtrainsapersontoread

isolatedwordsandphraseswouldseemunlikelytohelphiminreadingacontinuoustext.

Q：

1.Thetimeoftherecognitionspancanbeaffectedbythefollowingfactsexcept

A.one'sfamiliaritywiththetext

B.one'spurposeinreading

C.thelengthofagroupofwords

D.lightingandtiredness

2.Theauthormaybelievethatreading.

A.requiresareadertotakeinmorewordsateachfixation

B.requiresareadertoseewordsmorequickly

C.demandsandeeply-participatingmind

D.demandsmoremindthaneyes

3Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“butit'sonethingtoimproveaperson'sability

toseewordsandquiteanotherthingtoimprovehisabilitytoreadatextefficiently.^^inthe

secondparapraph?

A.Theabilitytoseewordsisnotneededwhenanefficientreadingisconducted.

B.Thereadingexercisesmentionedcan'thelptoimproveboththeabilitytoseeandto

comprehendwords.

C.Thereadingexercisesmentionedcan'thelptoimproveanefficientreading.

D.Thereadingexercisesmentionedhasdoneagreatjobtoimproveone'sabilitytosee

words.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Thevisualspanisawordoragroupofwordsweseeeachtime.

B.Manyexpertsbegantoquestiontheefficiencyofeyetraining.

C.Theemphasisonthepurelyvisualaspectsismisleading.

D.Theeyetrainingwillhelpreadersinreadingacontinuoustext.

5.Thetuneoftheauthorinwritingthisarticleis

Acritical

Bneutral

Cprssimistic

Doptimistic

答案：CCCDA

解題思路

1Co事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段提到了影響視幅的因素：不同的人，不同的閱讀目的，

對(duì)材料的熟悉程度，光線，疲勞。C“一組詞的長(zhǎng)度”不是能影響視幅的因素，是本題的

答案。

2Co觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。作者在第二段第二句提到，眼睛訓(xùn)練課程只注重了閱讀的視覺(jué)

因素。倒數(shù)第二句書(shū)哦，閱讀要求具備理解單詞間關(guān)系的能力。因此選項(xiàng)C“閱讀需要

大腦的深度參與”正確。作者沒(méi)有否定閱讀的視覺(jué)因素的必要性，但是也沒(méi)有說(shuō)讀者應(yīng)

該練習(xí)拓寬視幅，加快閱讀速度。所以AB兩項(xiàng)都不正確。作者沒(méi)有對(duì)大腦和眼睛在閱

讀過(guò)程中的重要性進(jìn)行對(duì)比，所以不選D

3C。作者在這句話中先是肯定了那些閱讀練習(xí)提高看單詞的能力，然后提出了有

效閱讀概念。后面句中還指出，有效閱讀需要的是理解單詞間的聯(lián)系的能力。所以作者

的意思應(yīng)該是那些（訓(xùn)練眼睛的）閱讀練習(xí)對(duì)與有效的閱讀無(wú)益。B與文章相反。D句

是蘊(yùn)涵其中一個(gè)意思，卻不是作者想表達(dá)的方向。

4D?第二段最后一句說(shuō)，眼睛訓(xùn)練對(duì)于幫助讀者閱讀連貫文章無(wú)益，所以D是錯(cuò)

的，是本題答案。

5Ao參考前面的結(jié)構(gòu)剖析，作者寫(xiě)本文的主要目的是對(duì)那些只關(guān)注閱讀的視覺(jué)因

素的閱讀能力課程進(jìn)行批判，所以答案應(yīng)該是Ao

5、

Ourquarrelwithefficiencyisnotthatitgetsthingsdone,butthatitisathiefoftime

whenitleavesusnoleisuretoenjoyourselves,andthatitstrainsournerveswhenwetryto

getthingsdoneperfectly.Inbuildingbridges,Americanengineerscalculatesofinelyand

exactlyastomakethetwoendscometogetherwithinone-tenthofaninch.Butwhentwo

Chinesebegintodigatunnelfrombothsidesofamountainbothcomeoutontheotherside.

—TheChinese'sfirmbeliefisthatitdoesn'tmattersolongasatunnelisdugthrough,andif

wehavetwoinsteadofone,why,wehaveadoubletracktoboot.

Thepaceofmodemindustriallifeforbidsthiskindofgloriousandmagnificentidling.

But,worsethanthat,itimposesuponusadifferentconceptionoftimeasmeasuredbythe

clockandeventuallyturnsthehumanbeingintoaclockhimself.(Thissortofthingisbound

tocometoChina,asisevident,forinstance,inthecaseofafactoryoftwentythousand

worker.Theluxuriousprospectoftwentythousandworkerscominginattheirownsweet

pleasureatallhoursis,ofcourse,somewhatterrifying.)Nevertheless,suchefficiencyiswhat

makeslifesohardandfullofexcitement.Amanwhohastobepunctuallyatacertainplaceat

fiveo'clockhasthewholeafternoonfromonetofiveruinedforhimalready.EveryAmerican

adultisarranginghistimeonthepatternoftheschoolboy-threeo'clockforthis,fiveo'clock

forthat,six-thirtyforchangeofdress,six-fiftyforenteringthetaxi,andseveno'clockfor

arrivingatthedestination.Itjustmakeslifenotworthliving.

1.Thewriterobjectstoefficiencymainlyonthegroundsthatit.

A)entitlesustotoomuchleisuretime

B)urgesustogetthingsdonepunctually

C)deprivesusofleisuretime

D)imposesonusaperfectconceptoftime

2.Intheeyesoftheauthor,theintroductionofindustriallifegivesriseto.

A)theexcitementoflife

B)magnificentidlingoftime

C)moreemphasisonefficiency

D)terrifyingschoolboy

3.Thepassagetellsus.

A)Chineseworkerscometoworkwhenitisconvenient

B)allAmericansareforcedtobeefficientagainsttheirwill

C)Chineseengineersareonbettertermswiththemanagement

D)Americansoughtnottoworksohardforefficiency

4.Theauthorbelievesthatrelaxingtheruleofpunctualityinfactorieswouldleadto

A)greatconfusion

B)increasedproduction

C)ahardandexcitinglife

D)successfulcompletionofatunnel

5.WhatisimpliedbutNOTstatedbytheauthoristhat.

A)everyAmericanisarranginghistimeinthepatternofaschoolboy

B)everyAmericanisreluctanttobeefficient

C)everyoneshouldhavesometimetospendashepleases

D)beingpunctualisanundesirablehabitwhichshouldnotbeformed

答案：

1.C)deprivesusofleisuretime對(duì)應(yīng)原文第一句butthatitisathiefoftimewhenit

leavesusnoleisuretoenjoyourselves.選項(xiàng)A是與作者想法完全相反的；選項(xiàng)B雖有章可

循，但要注意原文是itstrainsournerveswhenwetrytogetthingsdoneperfectly,而非it直

接urgesustogetthingsdonepunctually;選項(xiàng)D要看清，原文是adifferentconceptionof

time而非aperfectconceptoftime.

2.C)moreemphasisonefficiency對(duì)應(yīng)原文第二段第一句Thepaceofmodernindustrial

lifeforbidsthiskindofgloriousandmagnificentidling.通過(guò)第一段可以看出，與efficiency

對(duì)立的是thiskindofgloriousandmagnificentidling,而industriallife又forbids,自然說(shuō)明

industriallifegivesrisetomoreemphasisonefficiency.

3.D)Americansoughtnottoworksohardforefficiency.排除法：A)Chineseworkers

cometoworkwhenitisconvenient不符合原文。中的內(nèi)容;B)allAmericansareforcedtobe

efficientagainsttheirwill語(yǔ)氣太重，不是被強(qiáng)迫講求效率，也不是違背自己意愿，只是為

了適應(yīng)工'業(yè)社會(huì)；C)Chineseengineersareonbettertermswiththemanagement彳:屬于本文

討論范疇。。。

4.A)greatconfusion對(duì)應(yīng)原文(ThissortofthingisboundtocometoChina,asisevident,

forinstance,inthecaseofafactoryoftwentythousandworker.Theluxuriousprospectof

twentythousandworkerscominginattheirownsweetpleasureatallhoursis,ofcourse,

somewhatterrifying.)

5.C)everyonshouldhavesometimetospendashepleases,這是4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中唯一一個(gè)

符合isimpliedbutNOTstated兩個(gè)條件的.A選項(xiàng)有被直接提及,B選項(xiàng)reluctant是不愿

的意思，而本文并非討論愿不愿的問(wèn)題，D選項(xiàng)beingpunctualisanundesirablehabit

whichshouldnotbeformed,黑體部分分別為守時(shí)和不良習(xí)慣的意思，顯然不是作者本意.

總結(jié)一下，今天這期比昨天講小貓小狗的閱讀要難一些??，是一篇既要求詞匯量,

同時(shí)又要求答題技巧的典型的閱讀理解.所謂答題技巧，就是首先要讀懂文章的大概意

思，然后注意一些關(guān)鍵句子.

關(guān)鍵句子很有可能出現(xiàn)在段落的連接部分，比如開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾.一般情況下，閱讀理

解的前面幾道題是可以從原文的關(guān)鍵句子中直接找出答案的，而后面幾道題，往往要求

綜合全文來(lái)分析.最近幾天的閱讀，大體分為兩種：一種是偏向主觀論述的閱讀，比如

倒數(shù)55天的癌癥、倒數(shù)53天的空調(diào)和今天的效率；另一種是偏向客觀敘述的閱讀，比

如倒數(shù)52天的家養(yǎng)寵物和倒數(shù)54天的無(wú)家可歸的兒童.前者往往要著重考慮作者的中

心思想，后者往往要著重考慮作者的整體內(nèi)容.

6、

Ofthethousandsofdifferentkindsofanimalsthatexistintheworldmanhas

learnedtomakefriendswithanenormousnumber.Somearepets,andofferhim

companionship;somegiveprotection,andsomedohardworkwhichmancannotdofor

himself.Dogs,whichservemaninallthreecapacities,arefoundinvariousbreedsinall

countriesoftheworld.TheHuskycanliveinthecoldpolarregions,andtheSalukiisathome

inthehottestpartsofCentralAfrica.Theinhabitantsofcertaincountriesaredependentfor

theirverylivesonthecamel.IntheWestIndiesthelittledonkey,strongandsure-footed,

carryingheavyloadseveninmountainousplaces,isafamiliarsight.

Trainedandtamedformanygenerations,domesticanimalsarenotaccustomedto

roaming(至！J處走動(dòng))insearchoffoodandshelter.Theylooktotheirmasterstoprovidefor

theirneeds,andaslongasthesearesupplied,theyarecontenttodowhattheirmastersrequire.

Alldomesticanimalsneedproperfood.Itmustbesuitableforthem,sufficientin

quantity,freshandclean.Somepeoplefeedapetdogorcatonoddsandendsoftablescraps,

andthenwonderwhytheanimalseemslistless(倦怠的)anddull.Thequantityoffood

dependsonthesizeoftheanimalandtheamountofexerciseittakes.Overfeedingisasbadas

underfeeding.Containersforfoodandwatermustbewashedregularlyiftheanimalisto

maintaingoodhealth.

Evenwellcaredforanimalsmaysometimesfallill.Ifthishappens,thewisemaster

seeksthebestadvicehecanget.Allsortsofmedicinesandtreatmentsareavailableforsick

animals,andinsomecountriesorganizationsexisttoprovidethemfreeoratacheapprice.

Useful,friendly,hardworkinganimalsdeservetohavesometime,moneyandattentionspent

ontheirhealth.

1.Whatmainideadoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthefirstparagraph?

A)Thereexiststhousandsofspeciesofanimalsintheworld.

B)Mancametoestablishacloserelationshipwithanumberofanimals.

C)Insomeregionsadonkeyseemstobeaveryusefulbeast.

D)Ananimalwillbeuselessunlessdomesticated.

2.Whenananimalisunderfed,itwillprobably.

A)refusetoobeyitsmaster

B)immediatelyfallill

C)requireitsmastertooffersomefood

D)seekforfoodonitsown

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofdogsaccordingtothepassage?

A)Theycanactasfriends,guards,andservantstoman.

B)Theyhavegreatadaptationfortheenvironment.

C)Thereliveagreatvarietyofbreedsofdogsontheglobe.

D)TheHuskyandtheSalukiarethestrongestbreedeverknownintheworld.

4.Tokeepadomesticanimalphysicallyfit,itsownerisadvised.

A)nottohesitatetospendenormousamountofmoneyonit

B)topayattentiontoitsproperfeeding

C)nottoallowittotakeexcessiveamountsofexercise

D)tojoinsomesortofpet-keepingorganizations

5.WhichofthefollowingwouldbebestTITLEforthispassage?

A)DomesticatedAnimals-Man'sBestFriend

B)ProperDiet-theRoadtoHealth

C)TheAdvantagesofRaisingDomesticAnimals

D)SomeTipsonPet-keeping

答案：

l.B)Mancametoestablishacloserelationshipwithanumberofanimals.黑體部分為

第一段兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)，A只包含了一個(gè)要點(diǎn)，C只提到了一頭驢.。。D則完全與第一段無(wú)關(guān)。

這道選錯(cuò)了要面壁哦。

2.A）refusetoobeyitsmaster對(duì)應(yīng)原文Somepeoplefeedapetdogorcatonoddsand

endsoftablescraps（即題干中的Whenananimalisunderfed,所以要在這句話中找答案?）,

andthenwonderwhytheanimalseemslistless（倦怠的）anddull.由于答案比較隱晦,先保

留A,B（直接得?。（要求食物）和D（自己覓食）均未從此句中得到絲毫體現(xiàn)，所以A為

最接近答案.因?yàn)槲壹茵B(yǎng)過(guò)狗，所以比較清楚，refusetoobeyitsmaster的一個(gè)表現(xiàn)就是

listlessanddull,簡(jiǎn)單的說(shuō)，就是你逗它它沒(méi)反應(yīng)。。。

3.D）TheHuskyandtheSalukiarethestrongestbreedeverknownintheworld完全無(wú)法

對(duì)應(yīng)原文。。oA）Theycanactasfriends,guards,andservantstoman對(duì)應(yīng)原文Dogs,which

servemaninallthreecapacities;B）Theyhavegreatadaptationfortheenvironment對(duì)應(yīng)原文

Husky存在于兩極和Saluki存在于非洲的敘述，兩極和非洲都能適應(yīng)，說(shuō)明它們有很強(qiáng)

的適應(yīng)環(huán)境的能力；C）Thereliveagreatvarietyofbreedsofdogsontheglobe對(duì)應(yīng)原文的

arefoundinvariousbreedsinallcountriesoftheworld.

4.B）topayattentiontoitsproperfeeding對(duì)應(yīng)原文Alldomesticanimalsneedproper

food.整個(gè)第3段都是圍繞著howtoke叩adomesticanimalphysicallyfit展開(kāi)的.

5.A）DomesticatedAnimals-Man,sBestFriend為最合適答案，本文正是充滿感情地

圍繞著這個(gè)話題展開(kāi).雖然文章對(duì)馴養(yǎng)家養(yǎng)動(dòng)物提出了很多寶貴建議，但B選項(xiàng)沒(méi)說(shuō)是

給人ProperDiet還是給狗ProperDiet;C選項(xiàng)是飼養(yǎng)家養(yǎng)動(dòng)物的好處，也不對(duì);D選項(xiàng)是

喂養(yǎng)寵物的建議，但只有第三、四段包含了建議的內(nèi)容，不全面.關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)，如果不能

理解，請(qǐng)參考上一期關(guān)于空調(diào)（airconditioning）的閱讀的最后一題的答案詳解，這種類型

的閱讀理解的最后一道題往往要綜合全文篇幅來(lái)看，看作者總體說(shuō)了什么，而非作者著

重說(shuō)了什么.呵呵，大概是這樣吧.

在成千上萬(wàn)種現(xiàn)存于世的動(dòng)物中，人類已學(xué)會(huì)與許多物種交朋友。這些動(dòng)物中有的

成為人的寵物，與他作伴；有的起保護(hù)作用；有的做一些人們自己做不了伙伴關(guān)系的重

活、北美洲愛(ài)斯基摩的厚毛狗可以生活在寒冷的極地地帶，薩盧基狗生活在中非

最炎熱的地區(qū)。某些國(guó)家居民的生計(jì)依靠駱駝。在西印度群島，腳步穩(wěn)健的小驢，在山

上馱載重物的景象也屢見(jiàn)不鮮。

經(jīng)過(guò)許多代的馴養(yǎng)之后，家畜已不習(xí)慣在野外四處尋覓食物和尋找棲身之處。它們

要靠主人提供生存必需品，只要需求得以滿足，它們樂(lè)意為主人效力。

所有的家畜都需要合適的食物。食物必須適合它們的需要，此外還要數(shù)量充足，新

鮮干凈。有些人用飯桌上剩下的殘羹冷炙喂養(yǎng)小貓小狗，之后搞不懂為什么這些動(dòng)物變

得好像有點(diǎn)無(wú)精打采、缺乏靈氣。喂食的多少取決于動(dòng)物的大小和它的運(yùn)動(dòng)量。喂得過(guò)

多和喂得過(guò)少一樣有害。要想動(dòng)物健壯，食物和飲水的容器必須經(jīng)常清理干凈。

即使是精心照料的動(dòng)物有時(shí)也會(huì)生病。如果發(fā)生這種情況，精明的主人會(huì)竭力尋求

最佳建議。為生病的動(dòng)物提供的各種藥物和治療到處都可以得到，有些國(guó)家還成立了組

織為生病動(dòng)物提供廉價(jià)或無(wú)償?shù)乃幬锖椭委?。?duì)有用的、友善的和拼命干活的動(dòng)物，主

人理應(yīng)為其健康投入一些時(shí)間、金錢(qián)并給予關(guān)心照顧。

7

Thegreatestcontributiontocivilizationinthecenturymaywellbetheair-conditioning-

andAmericanleadsjustasamazingisthespeedwithwhichthissituationcametobe.

Air-conditioningbegantospreadinindustriesasaproductionaidduringWorldWarII.

TodaymostAmericansneedtotakeair-conditioningforgrantedtohomes,offices,factories,

theatres,shops,studios,schools,hotels,andrestaurants.

Butnoteverybodyisawarethathighcostandeasycomfortaremerelytwooftheeffects

ofthevastcoolingofAmerican.Infact,airconditioninghassubstantiallyalteredthe

country'scharacterandcustoms.

Manyofthebyproductsaresoconspicuousthattheyarescarcelynoticed.Tobeginwith,

air-conditioningtransformedthefaceofAmericabymakingpossiblethoseglassy,boxy,

sealed-inskyscrapers.Ithasbeenindispensable,noless,tothefunctioningofsensitive

advancedcomputers,whosehighoperatingtemperaturesrequirethattheybeconstantly

cooled...

Ithas,atwill,forcedfamiliesintoretreatingintofamilieswithcloseddoorsandshut

windows,reducingtheinteractionsofneighborhoodlife.Itisreallysurprisingthatthe

public'softennotedwithdrawalintoself-pursuitandprivacyhascoincidedwiththehistoric

spreadofair-conditioning.Thoughsciencehaslittlestudiedhowhabitualair-conditioning

affectsmindandbody,somemedicalexpertssuggestthat,likeothertechnicalavoidanceof

naturalvariationsinclimate,air-conditioningmaydamagethehumancapacitytoadaptto

stress.Ifso,air-conditioningisonlylikemanyothergreatlyusefultechnicaldevelopments

thatliberatemanfromnaturebyincreasinghisproductivityandpowerinsomeway-while

indirectlyweakeninghiminothers.

1.Accordingtothisselection,whichofthefollowingconstitutestheuniquecharacterof

U.S.?

A)Itsexcessiveuseofair-conditioning.

B)Itsadvancedcomputerizedcivilization.

C)Itspublic'sretreatingintoself-pursuit.

D)Itsgreatestcontributiontohumancivilization.

2.Accordingtothe