九年級英語定語從句詳解

AttributiveClause定語從句一、定語的定義定語是用來修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)和特征的。MarkTwainisafamouswriter.YaoMingisabasketballplayer.IhavereadabookcalledJourneytotheWest.Doyouhaveanythingtoeat?Shewonthreetoysinthesingingcompetition.TheseareTom’spens.(形容詞作定語)(名詞作定語)(過去分詞作定語)(不定式作定語)(現(xiàn)在分詞作定語)(名詞所有格作定語)(數(shù)詞作定語)修飾名詞或代詞定語She'sagoodbasketballplayer.What'syourname?Thegirlwithlonghairismysister.找出定語Some

people

forgot

tosweepthefloor.

A

B

C

DTheman

downstairs

was

tryingtosleep.

A

B

C

D

定語可以用以下表示：1.It’saredcar.()2.Theyliveintheroomabove.()3.Mybrotherisateacher.()4.Webelongtothethird

world.()5.Lucy’s

fatherisapoorworker.()6.Mothermadeabirthday

cakeforme.()7.Themanunderthetreeismyteacher.()8.The

swimmingboyismybrother./9.Theboyswimmingintheriverismybrother.()10.IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.()

形容詞副詞代詞數(shù)詞名詞所有格名詞介詞短語現(xiàn)在分詞從句二、定語從句的定義一個(gè)句子作定語修飾名詞或代詞。Thisisthefilm.Thefilmisaboutadog.Thisisthefilmthatisaboutadog.Ilikethemusic.Icandancetothemusic.IlikethemusicthatIcandanceto.Thegirlismysister.Thegirlistalkingwithyou.Thegirl

whoistalkingwithyouismysister.先行詞定語從句(關(guān)系詞)先行詞定語從句(關(guān)系詞)定語從句先行詞(關(guān)系詞)二一個(gè)句子作定語修飾名詞或代詞。三、定語從句兩要素：先行詞：關(guān)系詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。是引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞，分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系副詞：that,which,who,whom,whosewhen,why,where關(guān)系詞通常有三個(gè)作用：①引導(dǎo)定語從句②代替先行詞③在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分Thisisthefilmthatisaboutadog.IlikethemusicthatIcandanceto.Thegirlwhoistalkingwithyouismysister.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞which,who,whom,that，whoseWhere,when,why四.關(guān)系詞的用法：1.當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)，用which或that引導(dǎo)。Thefactorythat/whichisnewhasbeentakendown.Thedictionarythat/whichhasmorethan2,000wordsisveryuseful.Thefactoryisnew.Thefactoryhasbeentakendown.Thedictionaryhasmorethan2,000words.Thedictionaryisveryuseful.Therabbitthat/whichhasbigearsissocute.Therabbitissocute.Therabbithasbigears.(當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語時(shí)，不能省略。)詞形先行詞在句中作用關(guān)系代詞that人或物主,賓語which物主,賓語who人主,賓語whom人賓語whose人或物定語1.當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)，用which或that引導(dǎo)。Theschoolthat/whichwevisitedbecomesmoreandmorebeautiful.(當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語時(shí)，可省略。)Wevisitedtheschool.Theschoolbecomesmoreandmorebeautiful.Ihavealreadyreadthebookthat/whichyoubought.Thetreesthat/whichweplantedaregrowing.Youboughtabook.Ihavealreadyreadthebook.Weplantedtrees.Thetreesaregrowing.2.當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí)，用who,whom或that引導(dǎo)。Maryisagirlwho/thathaslonghair.Maryisagirl.Shehaslonghair.Theyarestudentswho/thatlikesports.Theyarestudents.Theylikesports.Thewomanwho/thatwearsaredhatismyaunt.Thewomanismyaunt.Shewearsaredhat.Jennywho/thathasgonetoJapanisn’tmystudent.Jennyisn’tmystudent.ShehasgonetoJapan.(當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用who或that。不能省略)2.當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí)，用who,whom或that引導(dǎo)。Bobbyistheboywhom/that/whoIlike.Bobbyistheboy.Iliketheboy.Thegirlwhom/that/whoLilyhasknownfor2yearscomesfromIndia.ThegirlcomesfromIndia.Lilyhasknownherfor2years.Theworkerswhom/that/whowevisitedyesterdayneedmoremoney.Theworkerneedmoremoney.Wevisitedtheworkersyesterday.(當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用whom,that或who。可以省略)3.當(dāng)先行詞是形物代或名詞所有格時(shí)，用whose引導(dǎo)。ThegirlwhoseEnglishisquitegoodlikesmakingfriends.Thegirllikesmakingfriends.HerEnglishisquitegood.Lindawhosehairislonghasreadthebook.Thatcutebabywhoseshoesarenewismysong.Lindahasreadthebook.Herhairislong.Thatcutebabyismyson.Hisshoesarenew.Thedogwhoseownerisadoctorcancatchtheball.Thedogcancatchtheball.Thedog’sownerisadoctor.4.當(dāng)先行詞是地點(diǎn)時(shí)，用where引導(dǎo)。ThisisthehospitalwhereJackwasborn.Thisisthehospital.Jackwasborninthehospital.IalwaysmisstheschoolwhereIstudied3yearsago.Welovetheplacewherepeoplearefriendly.Ialwaysmisstheschool.Istudiedintheschool3yearsago.Welovetheplace.Peoplearefriendlythere.Haveyoueverbeentothecountrywheremenwearskirts.Haveyoueverbeentothecountry?Menwearskirtsinthecountry.5.當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間時(shí)，用when引導(dǎo)。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenwefirstmet.I’llneverforgettheday.Wefirstmetonthatday.Canyouremembertheyearwhenwebecamefriends.Thestoryhappenedonthatdaywhenhewasborn.Canyouremembertheyear?Webecamefriendthatyear.Thestoryhappenedonthatday.Hewasbornonthatday.TheyearwhenIfellinlovewithBobbyisthegreatestyearinmylife.Theyearisthegreatestyearinmylife.IfellinlovewithBobby.6.當(dāng)先行詞是原因時(shí)，用why引導(dǎo)。Hedidn’ttellmenthereasonwhyshewasunhappy.他沒有告訴我她不高興的原因。Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhewaslate.ThatisthereasonwhyIdon’twanttogo.我不知道他遲到的原因。這就是我不想去的原因。1.

The

magazine

is

mine.

He

has

taken

it

away.

2.

The

boy

is

my

brother.

He

was

here

a

minute

ago.

3.

The

letter

is

from

my

sister.

I

received

it

yesterday.

4.

I

want

to

talk

to

the

boys.

Their

homework

haven’t

been

handed

in.5.

The

train

was

late.

It

was

going

to

Nanning.

6.Mr.Smithisateacher.Heisverystrict.

7.

Is

that

the

woman?

Her

daughter

is

in

my

class.

8.

They

passed

a

factory.

There

were

manymachinesinthefactory.

合并句子：特殊情況：只能用that1.當(dāng)先行詞有序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時(shí)。Maryisthefirstgirl_____gottothetop.Tomisthecleverestboy______Ihaveeverknown.2.當(dāng)先行詞是指物的不定代詞時(shí)。Isthereanything_____Icandoforyou?Ihaveknowneverything_____isaboutthetruth.something,anything,nothing,anything等3.當(dāng)先行詞被all,no,some,any,little,few,much修飾時(shí)。Iwrotedownall____teachershaven’ttoldme.Theydidn’teatanyofthefood____hasleft.thatthatthatthatthatthat特殊情況：只能用that4.當(dāng)先行詞有theone,thelast,thevery修飾時(shí)。Graceisthelastperson_____hesaw.Youcanchoosetheone____youlike.5.當(dāng)先行詞即有人又有物時(shí)。Weoftentalkaboutthepeopleandthethings____weareinterestedin.Theteacherandhisbook_____Iheardhavemadegreatsuccess.6.在therebe句型中，當(dāng)先行詞是指物時(shí)。Therearemanybooks____Ihaveneverread.Thereisahouse____wasbuiltbythelake.thatthatthatthatthatthatIsthereanyone______hasaredpen?Theones______wearuniformsarefromourschool.特殊情況：只能用that7.當(dāng)主句是who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時(shí)。Whoistheboy_____isstandingnearthewindow?Whichisthebestmovie____youhavewatchedbefore?Thepeople______wearjeansarenotallowedtocome.thatthatwho特殊情況：只能用that多用who,不用that1.當(dāng)先行詞是anyone,someone,one,ones等指人時(shí)。who2.當(dāng)先行詞是people,those,he等。who※判斷關(guān)系詞：Thisisthehouse_______Ilive.Thisisthehouse_______Ilike.Icanremembertheday_______Imetyou.Icanremembertheday_______Ispentwithyou.Wedon’tknowthereason_____shedidn’tcome.Wedon’tknowthereason_____shedidn’ttellus.wherethatwhenthatwhythat注意關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語，

指人或指物，不能省掉，做賓語，指人或指物，可以省。當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞只能用that?！?dāng)關(guān)系詞是when,why,where時(shí)，可以把關(guān)系詞換為“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)The

time

______we

got

together

finally

came.The

reason

______

he

refused

the

invitation

is

not

clear.

Great

changes

have

taken

place

in

the

city

_______

I

was

born.

Iwillremembertheday_____wemet.Theschool______Istudiedisstillthere.when=atwhichwhy=forwhichwhere=inwhichwhen=onwhichwhere=inw