下列情況仍可施打流感疫苗課件

校園流感防治衛(wèi)生署疾病管制局中區(qū)傳染病防治醫(yī)療網(wǎng)王任賢指揮官流感的分類季節(jié)性流感(epidemicinfluenza)已經(jīng)多次造訪人間，大部份人都有抗體併發(fā)癥與死亡人數(shù)均很少新型流感(pandemicinfluenza)第一次來(lái)到人間，大家都沒(méi)有抗體併發(fā)癥與死亡人數(shù)會(huì)很多季節(jié)性流感之防治政策最高指導(dǎo)原則呼吸道衛(wèi)生及咳嗽禮節(jié)防治政策的執(zhí)行可不必太緊流感疫苗的效益減少流感病患死亡降低流感病毒的排放時(shí)間減輕癥狀流感疫苗無(wú)法讓病患免於得到流感季節(jié)性流感疫苗接種的對(duì)象老年人目的在防止老年人死亡兒童目的在減少病毒傳播醫(yī)護(hù)同仁福利EstimatesoftheImpactofFullUtilizationof

theVaccinesCurrentlyAdvocatedforAdultsDiseaseEstimatedannualdeathsEstimatedvaccineefficacyCurrentvaccineutilization

*Additionalpreventabledeaths/yInfluenza20,00070%59%5,740Pneumococcalinfection40,00060%37%15,120HepatitisB5,00090%10%(1-60%)4,050Tet/Diph<2599%40%**<15Traveller’sdiseases<10--<10AdultMMR<3095%variable<30*Percentageoftargetgroupswhoareincompliancewithcurrentrecommendation**estimatedbaseonseroprevalancedataAdaptedfromMandellGL,BennettJE,DolinR,eds.Mandell,DouglasandBennett’sPrinciplesandPracticeofInfectiousDisease.5thed.2000:1831.

OnsetofInfluenzaAinVolunteerDaysAfterInoculationTemp°FIllnessHeadache,Malaise,MyalgiaNasalObstructionandDischarge,

ThroatPain,Cough-1012345678231009997

SheddingofInfluenzaAinVolunteerAdaptedfromMandellGL,BennettJE,DolinR,eds.Mandell,DouglasandBennett’sPrinciplesand

PracticeofInfectiousDisease.4thed.1995:1554.VirusShedding

log10TCID50permLnasalwashDayInfluenzaVirustransmissionRo:averageapproximately2-3(likeSARS)Serialinterval:2-4daysVirussheddingmaximalatillnessonsetCorrelatedwithfeverandseverityofsymptomsDurationofsheddinginseasonalepidemics:Adults5days;children7-8days,upto21daysDatafromchildren(noimmunity)mightbetterrepresentsheddinginapandemicLongerforimmunocompromisedpersons流感疫苗之不良反應(yīng)Nicholsetal.ArchIntMed,1996;156:1546Nicholsetal.ArchIntMed,1996;156:1546流感疫苗注射與安慰劑注射之不良反應(yīng)比較何人不能施打流感疫苗?6個(gè)月大以下的小孩對(duì)流感疫苗中任何成分有過(guò)敏反應(yīng)者以前就對(duì)流感疫苗過(guò)敏者對(duì)雞蛋具有第一型過(guò)敏反應(yīng)者，會(huì)表現(xiàn)出hives、口腔及咽喉腫脹、無(wú)法呼吸、休克.此狀況必須由過(guò)敏科醫(yī)師詳細(xì)評(píng)估後才可確定病人以前接受過(guò)流感疫苗並在8週內(nèi)產(chǎn)生過(guò)Guillain-Barrésyndrome者並換以前曾因流感疫苗而產(chǎn)生過(guò)嚴(yán)重OculorespiratorySyndrome(ORS)者何人可緩打打流感疫苗?

當(dāng)下有嚴(yán)重的急性發(fā)燒疾病下列情況仍可施打流感疫苗:病患具有輕微的急性病，可以有發(fā)燒也可沒(méi)發(fā)燒病患剛病癒或正在服用抗生素

施打流感疫苗兩天後始可捐血校園流感疫苗施打前之準(zhǔn)備外聘醫(yī)師及護(hù)理師各ㄧ名，視學(xué)生人數(shù)而增加導(dǎo)師、保健室護(hù)士、醫(yī)師、護(hù)理師均必須於施打前接受流感疫苗及施打細(xì)節(jié)之訓(xùn)練發(fā)放同意書(shū)及流感疫苗施打說(shuō)帖，請(qǐng)學(xué)童家長(zhǎng)簽署後同意書(shū)於施打前繳回同意書(shū)由疾病管制局發(fā)給，施打說(shuō)帖由衛(wèi)生局主導(dǎo)編撰對(duì)於不同意施打的家長(zhǎng)，應(yīng)由保健室打電話訊問(wèn)原因，排除可能的誤解流感疫苗施打說(shuō)帖之內(nèi)容流感之嚴(yán)重性流