完整仁愛版初中英語語法大全

普通名詞可數(shù)名詞集體名詞例詞map-maps,sea-seas,girl-girls,day-daysclass-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,變-f和-fe為v再加-esloaf-loaves,wife-wivesbelief-beliefs,chief-chiefs,proof-proofs,普通名詞可數(shù)名詞集體名詞例詞map-maps,sea-seas,girl-girls,day-daysclass-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,變-f和-fe為v再加-esloaf-loaves,wife-wivesbelief-beliefs,chief-chiefs,proof-proofs,

party-parties,family-families,story-stories,city-citiesHenry-Henryshero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoespiano-pianos,photo-photos,auto-autos,kilo-kilos,

zero-zeros/zeroes,volcano-volcanoes/volcanosradio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,zoo-zoostruth-truths,mouth-mouths,month-months,不可數(shù)名詞抽象名詞leaf-leaves,thief-thieves,knife-knives,物質(zhì)名詞一．名詞I.名詞的種類：

專有名詞國名.地名.人名，團(tuán)體.機(jī)構(gòu)名稱個體名詞

II.名詞的數(shù)：1.規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-es?，F(xiàn)將構(gòu)成方法與讀音規(guī)則列表如下：

規(guī)則12345678一般情況在詞尾加-s以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的名詞后加-esdish-dishes以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的詞加-sroof-roofs,gulf-gulfs以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為i加-es以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，或?qū)Ｓ忻鹴oy-toys,boy-boys,day-days,ray-rays,詞以y結(jié)尾的，加-s以輔音字母一般加-es加-o結(jié)尾的名詞不少外來詞加-ssolo-solos兩者皆可以元音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-s以-th結(jié)尾的名詞加-spath-paths,

2.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：

例詞man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,

sheep,deer,series,means,works,fish,speciesli,只有復(fù)數(shù)形式people,police,cattle,staffgroup,couple,class,family,crowd,audience,committee,復(fù)數(shù)形式表示特別含義Swedes,Greeks,Australians,Germans,Americans,EuropeansSwiss,Portuguese,Chinese,JapaneseEnglishmen,Frenchwomenboy例詞man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,

sheep,deer,series,means,works,fish,speciesli,只有復(fù)數(shù)形式people,police,cattle,staffgroup,couple,class,family,crowd,audience,committee,復(fù)數(shù)形式表示特別含義Swedes,Greeks,Australians,Germans,Americans,EuropeansSwiss,Portuguese,Chinese,JapaneseEnglishmen,Frenchwomenboypassers-by,story-tellers,sons-in-law,lookers-on,

grown-ups,housewives,stopwatcheswomensingers,menservantsglasses,

情spirits(times(時代),海關(guān)),forces(軍隊),

規(guī)則1改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式mouse-mice2單復(fù)數(shù)相同yuan,

1

jin,3thanks,goods,ashes,trousers,clothes,compasses,contents4一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù)5部分集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)（整體）也可以作復(fù)數(shù)（成員）government,population,crew,team,public,enemy,party6customs(),文件報紙),papers(),),drinks(飲料sands(沙灘緒),力腦智外表),brains(頭manners(禮貌),looks()廢墟青菜),ruins(greens(7示表-s國“某加人”單復(fù)數(shù)同形結(jié)尾的改為或-woman以-man-men,-women8名成將主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)合詞friends無主體名詞時將最后一部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)將兩部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)

名詞的所有格：III.一是名詞所有格分兩種：名詞在句中表示所有關(guān)系的語法形式叫做名詞所有格。加名詞構(gòu)成。前者多表示有生命的東西，后者多of's構(gòu)成，二是由介詞詞尾加表示無生命的東西。所有格的構(gòu)成：1.'s單數(shù)名詞在末尾加's-in-law'sphoto,theboy'sfather,Jack'sbook,herson復(fù)數(shù)名一般在末尾加'theteachers'room,thetwins'mother,

thechildren'stoys,women'srights,Smiths'houseDickens'novels,Charles'sjob,theJapan'sandAmerica'sproblems,Jane'sandMary'sbikesJapanandAmerica'sproblems,JaneandMary'sfatherthedoctor's,thebarber's,thetailor's,myuncle's表示自然現(xiàn)象表示國家城市等地方的

表示工作群體表示度量衡及價值與人類活動有特殊關(guān)系

thechildren'stoys,women'srights,Smiths'houseDickens'novels,Charles'sjob,theJapan'sandAmerica'sproblems,Jane'sandMary'sbikesJapanandAmerica'sproblems,JaneandMary'sfatherthedoctor's,thebarber's,thetailor's,myuncle's表示自然現(xiàn)象表示國家城市等地方的

表示工作群體表示度量衡及價值與人類活動有特殊關(guān)系

某些固定詞組theearth'satmosphere,thetree'sbranchesthecountry'splan,theworld'spopulation,China'sindustrytheship'screw,majority'sview,theteam'svictoryamile'sjourney,fivedollars'worthofapplesthelife'stime,theplay'splot)不知所措abird'seyeview,astone'sthrow,atone'swit'send('s不規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加或者s結(jié)尾的人名所有格加's'以各名詞末尾均,表示各自的所有關(guān)系時須加's表示共有的所有關(guān)系時在最后一詞末's加所有格后名表示＂某人家＂＂店鋪＂，詞省略

所有格的用法：2.'stoday'snewspaper,fiveweeks'holiday表示時間１

2

23名詞456的名詞7

所有格的用法：3.ofthelegsofthechair,thecoverofthebook用于無生命的東西：theclassroomsofthefirst-yearstudents用于有生命的東西，尤其是有較長定語時：thestruggleoftheoppressed用于名詞化的詞：二．冠詞），和零冠詞。a,an），定冠詞（the冠詞分為不定冠詞（I.不定冠詞的用法：1指一類人或事，相當(dāng)于akindofAplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指Aboyiswaitingforyou.3oneevery”相當(dāng)于，表示“每一Westudyeighthoursaday.4thesame相同”相當(dāng)于表示“Wearenearlyofanage.5表示不認(rèn)識此人或與某用于人名AMr.SmithcametovisityouwhenyouwereoutThat前，名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事boyisratheraLeiFeng.6用于固定詞組中ahaveahurry,onceuponatime,inAcoupleof,abit,walk,manyatime7what,Thisroomisratherabigone.many,half,用于quite,rather,such之后8形容詞之后用于so(as,too,how)+Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.

表示某一類人或物用于世上獨(dú)一無二的事物名詞前表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過的

用于樂器前面用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人夫婦”或表示“一家人”“用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級最高級

山川群島的用于國家黨派等以及江河湖China,theFrench用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前指世紀(jì)的某個年代在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之

用于表示單位的名詞前及表示時間用于方位名詞，身體部位名表示某一類人或物用于世上獨(dú)一無二的事物名詞前表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過的

用于樂器前面用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人夫婦”或表示“一家人”“用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級最高級

山川群島的用于國家黨派等以及江河湖China,theFrench用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前指世紀(jì)的某個年代在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之

用于表示單位的名詞前及表示時間用于方位名詞，身體部位名BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,airisWhose/pursethisbook,notthatone.Iwantthis?March,Sunday,NationalDay,springLincolnwasmadePresidentofAmerica.Helikesplayingfootball/chess.bytrain,byair,bylandhusbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnightHorsesareusefulanimals.Thehorseisausefulanimal.theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOceanWouldyoumindopeningthedoor?playtheviolin,playtheguitarthereach,theliving,thewoundedtheGreens,theWangsHeisthetallerofthetwochildren.theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyof

ThecompasswasinventedinChina.inthe1990'sIhiredthecarbythehour.H