浙江省溫州新力量聯(lián)盟高二下學(xué)期期末檢測英語試題

2022學(xué)年第二學(xué)期溫州新力量聯(lián)盟期末聯(lián)考高二年級英語學(xué)科試題考生須知：1.本卷共10頁滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫班級、姓名、考場號、座位號及準(zhǔn)考證號并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字。3.所有答案必須寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷上無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題紙。選擇題部分第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wherewillthespeakersprobablyspendtheweekend?A.Onabeach.B.Inaforest.C.Intheircity.2.WhatwillthemandoonThursday?A.Haveaninterview.B.Attendameeting.C.Gotothetown.3.Whydoesn’tKellywanttotrythatrollercoaster?A.Shedoesn’twanttogobyherself.B.Shehasbeenonitbefore.C.Sheisafraidofit.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtomakeapaperplane.B.Howtorecyclerubbish.C.Howtobookaflight.5.WhatdoesthemanthinkofProfessorWhite’spresentation?A.It’snovel.B.It’sabitboring.C.It’sgreatlyinspiring.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.WhydoesTonyaskforarecommendation?A.Helovesrockmusic.B.Heisplanningabirthdaytreat.C.Hewantstohavefunwithfriends.7.WhatdoesJanesayaboutthetickets?A.Theycanbeexpensive.B.Theycurrentlycostless.C.Theyhaveprobablysoldout.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.WhatwillSarahgetforherovertimehours?A.Atwo-dayholiday.B.Anextrapayment.C.Abigdinner.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Managerandworker.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Brotherandsister.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inaradiostation.C.Inadepartmentstore.11.Whatkindofclockdoesthewomanwanttobuy?A.Onethatisoperatedbybatteries.B.Onethatismadeofwood.C.Onethathasaloudsound.12.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Replacethebatteryofherclock.B.Gotoanotherstore.C.Paybycreditcard.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.Whatarethespeakerscelebrating?A.Aholiday.B.Elizabeth’sbirthday.C.Arestaurant’sopening.14.Whatwillthespeakersprobablyservefirst?A.Biscuits.B.Vegetables.C.Icecream.15.Whichdishistoday’sspecial?A.Roastedfish.B.Chickensoup.C.Salad.16.Whichdrinkwilltheguestshavebesideswater?A.Coffee.B.Wine.C.Juice.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whatdoweknowabouttheclasses?A.TheycanbeattendedontheInternet.B.Theyhave10differentlevels.C.TheystartinAugust.18.Whatisthemaximumnumberofstudentsinagroupclass?A.5.B.10.C.20.19.Howcanstudentsmoveupthroughthelevels?A.Bypayingmoremoney.B.Byfinishingareport.C.Bytakingaplacementtest.20.Whatwillthespeakerprobablydonext?A.Conductaclass.B.Respondtosomequestions.C.PresentanativeEnglishspeaker.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAmongtheworksofartevercreatedbyhumanhands,therearethosemasterpiecesthathavelefttheirmarkonthehistoryofmankindforever.Theseartworkshavealwaysinspiredmillionsofpeopleforcreativedaringandnewcreativediscoveries.MonaLisaProbablythemostfamouspaintingintheworldisLeonardodaVinci’sLaGioconda,betterknownasMonaLisa.ThispaintingisanimageofMadameGherardini,theidealwomanoftheRenaissance.Anditsufferedfrombeingdamaged,stolenandevenhunginNapoleon’sbedroom.Thepaintingisofficiallyannouncedpriceless,asthismasterpieceisthebestartofalltime.MonaLisaiscurrentlykeptintheLouvre,Paris.TheBirthofVenusAnotherofthemostfamouspaintingsistheBirthofVenus.Botticelli’spaintingillustratesthemythofthebirthofAphrodite.ThebeautifulgoddessfloatstotheshoreinaseashellandontheshoresheismetbyoneoftheGraces.TheBirthofVenusiswellpreservedthankstothefactthatBotticelliappliedaprotectivelayerofeggyolk(蛋黃)tothepainting.ThismasterpieceiskeptinFlorenceintheUffiziGallery.ThePersistenceofMemoryAccordingtotheauthorhimself,thepicturewaspaintedasaresultofabstractassociationsthatDalihadatthesightofprocessedcheese.Galapredictedquitecorrectlythatnoone,oncehavingseenthePersistenceofMemory,willforgetit.ThisoutstandingpaintingislocatedintheMuseumofModernArtinNewYork.GirlwithaPearlEarringIt’sanoilpaintingoncanvas(畫布)byDutchartistJohannesVermeer,oneofhismostwell-knownworks.Itdescribesanimaginaryyoungwomaninexotic(異國情調(diào)的)dressandaverylargepearlearring.TheworkpermanentlystaysintheMauritshuismuseuminTheHague.1.Whichpictureexperiencedalotinitsbeingpreservedprocess?A.MonaLisa. B.TheBirthofVenus.C.ThePersistenceofMemory. D.GirlwithaPearlEarring.2.HowistheBirthofVenuswellpreserved?A.Bybeingpaintedoncanvas.B.BybeingkeptinFlorence.C.Withpermanentcare.D.Withaprotectivelayerofeggofyolk.3.Wherewillyouprobablyfindthetext?A.Inanovel. B.Inafairytale.C.Inamagazine. D.Inabookreview.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四幅名畫?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MonaLisa部分中“Anditsufferedfrombeingdamaged,stolenandevenhunginNapoleon’sbedroom.(它遭受了損壞，被盜，甚至掛在拿破侖的臥室里)”可知，MonaLisa在保存過程中經(jīng)歷了很多。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BirthofVenus部分中“TheBirthofVenusiswellpreservedthankstothefactthatBotticelliappliedaprotectivelayerofeggyolk(蛋黃)tothepainting.(《維納斯的誕生》之所以保存得很好，是因為波提切利在畫作上涂了一層蛋黃保護(hù)層)”可知，因為有一層蛋黃的保護(hù)層，所以《維納斯的誕生》保存得很好。故選D項。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Amongtheworksofartevercreatedbyhumanhands,therearethosemasterpiecesthathavelefttheirmarkonthehistoryofmankindforever.Theseartworkshavealwaysinspiredmillionsofpeopleforcreativedaringandnewcreativediscoveries.(在人類創(chuàng)造的藝術(shù)作品中，有一些杰作在人類歷史上留下了永遠(yuǎn)的印記。這些藝術(shù)品一直激勵著數(shù)以百萬計的人進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性的大膽嘗試和新的創(chuàng)造性發(fā)現(xiàn))”及下文可知，文章介紹了四幅名畫。由此推知，本文可能出自與藝術(shù)相關(guān)的雜志。故選C項。BMymotheralwaystoldme,“Youshouldexploreyourowncountrybeforesteppingoutintotheworld.”However,itseemslikeatoughmissiontotravelallacrossitsexpansivesurfaces.Butluckilyforme,ViaRailCanadaofferedyouthsbetweentheagesof18and25thechancetoridethetrainacrossCanadaforthemonthofJuly.Theticketwasabargain$150.MybestfriendsTrevor,JoelandJeremyandIimmediatelyjumpedattheopportunityandsecuredfourticketsonthegreatCanadianrailroad.Foragroupof20-year-olds,thiswaslikethefirstflightofyoungbirdsfromthenest.Whenweapproachedthetrainstationinthemorning,our22-dayadventurefromSudburytoVancouverwastobegin.Eyesbaggyfromlackofsleep,wejumpedonboardasifitwasthetraintoHogwartsinHarryPotter.Althoughthethoughtofthreefulldaysonthosetrackscoveringcloseto3,000kilometrescrushedourspiritsalittle,whathappenednextcaughtusbysurprise.Thethreedaysonboardturnedintoasummercamponrails.Atnight,wewouldclimbuptheglass-domedtraincar,whichgaveusascenicviewofthestarrynightsky,untouchedbytheharmfullightpollution.Beforeweknewit,thewarmsunraysbeatingdownonourfaceswokeusupforanotherdayontherails.Tomysurprise,aseaofgoldengrainfieldsdominatedthelandscapewewereintheCanadianPrairies.Anotherdayslippedawayandwesetupforanothernightinthedome(圓頂狀物).Andthistimeweweregreetedbynightskypaintedbyafantasticthunderstorm.Lightningwasstrikingatanincrediblerate.Thespectacularandmemorablelightshowlefteveryoneintheglassbubbleincompletedisbelief.ArrivingintheRockyMountainswasoneofthemostsurrealexperiencesofmylife.Beforethetrainadventure,ifIcouldhaveskippedthetravelandarrivedatthedestination,Iwouldhave.Thatisnolongertrue.I’velearnedthatthejourneycanbemoreenjoyablethanthedestination.4.Whathasmadetheauthor’strainadventureacrossCanadaareality?A.Theencouragementgivenbyhismother.B.ThediscountticketofferedbyViaRailCanada.C.Theappealofthescenicviewsinthecountry.D.Hisgreatcouragetochallengeatoughmission.5WhatcanweinferabouttheyoungpeoplefromParagraph2?A.Theylefttheirparentsforthefirsttimeintheirlife.B.Theyneverthoughtofhavingatrainadventure.C.TheywerehookedbythemagicstoryofHarryPotter.D.Theywereexcitedaboutthecomingtrainjourney.6.Whatdoes“theglassbubble”inthefourthparagraphreferto?A.Theglass-domedtraincar. B.Thesightseeingtour.C.Astateofexcitement. D.Asummercamponthetrain.7.WhatdidtheauthorlearnfromthetrainadventureacrossCanada?A.Thedestinationiswhatmatters.B.Adventurousjourneyattractsyoungpeople.C.Enjoyingajourneycountsalot.D.Thetravelingexperienceisnotrealtohim.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了作者和朋友乘坐火車穿越加拿大的經(jīng)歷，描述了他們在路途中的所見所聞和感受?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“However,itseemslikeatoughmissiontotravelallacrossitsexpansivesurfaces.Butluckilyforme,ViaRailCanadaofferedyouthsbetweentheagesof18and25thechancetoridethetrainacrossCanadaforthemonthofJuly.Theticketwasabargain$150.(然而，穿越它廣闊的表面似乎是一項艱巨的任務(wù)。但對我來說幸運(yùn)的是，ViaRailCanada為18至25歲的年輕人提供了在7月份乘坐火車穿越加拿大的機(jī)會。票價便宜到150美元。)”可知，是加拿大Via鐵路公司提供的折扣票讓作者穿越加拿大的火車冒險變成了現(xiàn)實。故選B。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Foragroupof20-year-olds,thiswaslikethefirstflightofyoungbirdsfromthenest.Whenweapproachedthetrainstationinthemorning,our22-dayadventurefromSudburytoVancouverwastobegin.Eyesbaggyfromlackofsleep,wejumpedonboardasifitwasthetraintoHogwartsinHarryPotter.(對于一群20多歲的年輕人來說，這就像是雛鳥第一次從巢里飛出來。當(dāng)我們早上到達(dá)火車站時，我們從Sudbury到Vancouver的22天冒險就要開始了。由于睡眠不足，我們的眼睛都腫了起來，我們跳上了火車，就好像是《哈利波特》里開往霍格沃茨的火車。)”可推知，年輕人對即將到來的火車旅行很興奮。故選D。【6題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Atnight,wewouldclimbuptheglass-domedtraincar,whichgaveusascenicviewofthestarrynightsky,untouchedbytheharmfullightpollution.(晚上，我們會爬上玻璃圓頂車廂，在那里我們可以看到滿天星斗的夜空，沒有受到有害的光污染。)”以及劃線短語上文Andthistimeweweregreetedbynightskypaintedbyafantasticthunderstorm.Lightningwasstrikingatanincrediblerate.Thespectacularandmemorablelightshowlefteveryone可知，這次迎接我們的是描繪著夢幻般的雷雨的夜空。閃電以令人難以置信的速度襲來。壯觀而難忘的光影秀讓“theglassbubble”里的每個人都難以置信。由此可知，“theglassbubble”指的是玻璃穹頂?shù)幕疖囓噹?。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“I’velearnedthatthejourneycanbemoreenjoyablethanthedestination.(我明白了旅途比目的地更令人愉快。)”可推知，作者從穿越加拿大的火車冒險中學(xué)到了享受一段旅程很重要。故選C。CAnexperthasrevealedwhethercarrotstrulyhelpyouseeinthedarkandifanappleadayactuallykeepsthedoctoraway.NutritionistLilySoutteralsoclarifiesifitreallytakessevenyearstodigestchewinggum(口香糖),whetheryoucanswimaftereatingandiffishisgoodforthebrain.SheconfirmsthatwhilecarrotscontainlotsofvitaminA,whichhelpsmaintainhealthyvision,theydon’thelpyouseeanybetterinthedark.Similarly,enjoyinganappleadaywon’tinitselfreduceyourchancesofneedingtovisitadoctor,andchewinggumdoesn’ttakesevenyearstoleaveyoursystem.Andsadly,eatingcelery(芹菜)doesn’tburnmorecaloriesthanyougainfromeatingit,despite23percentbelievingittobethecase.YogurtmakerOnkenteamedupwithLily.Theyconductedasurveyof2,000people,findinghalfofthemare“confused”aboutfoodfactandfiction.Onkensaid,“Manyofusrelyonwhatwerememberfromschoolwhenitcomestonutrition.Butwe’relearningnewthingsallthetimeaboutwhatdifferentfoodsdoforourhealth,suchasthebenefitoffermented(發(fā)酵的)foodstoourgutandimmunesystem.Whilesomeofwhat’spasseddownovergenerationsissuperadvice,someofitisn’t.”Thestudyalsofoundthatswimmingrightaftereatingiswronglybelievedby34percentofadultstobesomethingyoushouldn’tdo.Infact,it’sexercisingtohighintensityimmediatelyaftereatingthatshouldbeavoided,asitcangiveyouasuddenpain.Almosthalfbelievefishisgoodforthebrain.They’reright,aslongasthey’reeatingoilyfish,becauseessentialomega-3fattyacidsinoilyfishcontributetonormalbrainfunction.Other“fakenews”wronglybelievedbymanyofthosesurveyedincludeeatingchickensouphelpsifyouhaveacold(27%)anddrinkingfruitjuiceisashealthyaseatingwholefruit(17%).8.WhatcanwelearnaboutLilySoutter’sfindings?A.Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.B.Eatingcelerysurelyhelpsusloseweight.C.Eatingcarrotscontributestohealthyvision.D.Carrotshelpusseethingsbetterinthedark.9.WhyisOnkenmentionedinthetext?A.Toappealtomorepeopletofindrightfoodfacts.B.Toinformpeopleofthebenefitoffermentedfoods.C.ToprovetherearemanymakersworkingwithLily.D.Topointoutmanypeople’smistakennutritionideas.10.Whatattitudeshouldwetaketothenutritionideaspasseddownovergenerations?A.Supportive. B.Disapproving. C.Indifferent. D.Cautious.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.LearningNewThingsIsVitaltoHealthB.HowtoFight“FakeNews”AboutHealthC.WelcometotheMostPopularFoodMythsD.NutritionistRevealsTruthAboutFoodMyths【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了營養(yǎng)學(xué)家LilySoutter通過研究揭露了一些食物營養(yǎng)真相，指出人們長久以來的一些錯誤營養(yǎng)觀念?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“NutritionistLilySoutteralsoclarifiesifitreallytakessevenyearstodigestchewinggum(口香糖),whetheryoucanswimaftereatingandiffishisgoodforthebrain.(營養(yǎng)學(xué)家LilySoutter也澄清了消化口香糖是否真的需要七年時間，吃完后是否可以游泳，以及魚是否對大腦有益。)”以及第三段“SheconfirmsthatwhilecarrotscontainlotsofvitaminA,whichhelpsmaintainhealthyvision,theydon’thelpyouseeanybetterinthedark.Similarly,enjoyinganappleadaywon’tinitselfreduceyourchancesofneedingtovisitadoctor,andchewinggumdoesn’ttakesevenyearstoleaveyoursystem.Andsadly,eatingcelery(芹菜)doesn’tburnmorecaloriesthanyougainfromeatingit,despite23percentbelievingittobethecase.(她證實，雖然胡蘿卜含有大量的維生素A，有助于保持健康的視力，但它們并不能幫助你在黑暗中看得更清楚。同樣，每天吃一個蘋果本身不會減少你去看醫(yī)生的機(jī)會，口香糖也不需要7年才能離開你的身體。可悲的是，吃芹菜燃燒的卡路里并不比你從吃它中獲得的卡路里多，盡管23%的人認(rèn)為是這樣。)”可知，吃胡蘿卜有助于保持健康的視力。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“YogurtmakerOnkenteamedupwithLily.Theyconductedasurveyof2,000people,findinghalfofthemare‘confused’aboutfoodfactandfiction.(酸奶制造商Onken與Lily合作。他們對2000人進(jìn)行了一項調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)其中一半的人對食物的事實和虛構(gòu)感到‘困惑’。)”以及第五段“Onkensaid,‘Manyofusrelyonwhatwerememberfromschoolwhenitcomestonutrition.Butwe’relearningnewthingsallthetimeaboutwhatdifferentfoodsdoforourhealth,suchasthebenefitoffermented(發(fā)酵的)foodstoourgutandimmunesystem.Whilesomeofwhat’spasseddownovergenerationsissuperadvice,someofitisn’t.’(Onken說：‘談到營養(yǎng)，我們中的許多人都依賴于我們在學(xué)校學(xué)到的東西。但我們一直在學(xué)習(xí)新的東西，了解不同的食物對我們的健康有什么好處，比如發(fā)酵食物對我們的腸道和免疫系統(tǒng)的好處。雖然有些是代代相傳的超級建議，但有些則不是?！?”可知Onken認(rèn)為我們一直在學(xué)習(xí)新的東西，了解不同的食物對我們的健康有什么好處，代代相傳的或者依賴在學(xué)校時記憶的營養(yǎng)觀念有些是錯誤的，由此可知，提到Onken是為了指出許多人錯誤的營養(yǎng)觀念。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Onkensaid,‘Manyofusrelyonwhatwerememberfromschoolwhenitcomestonutrition.Butwe’relearningnewthingsallthetimeaboutwhatdifferentfoodsdoforourhealth,suchasthebenefitoffermented(發(fā)酵的)foodstoourgutandimmunesystem.Whilesomeofwhat’spasseddownovergenerationsissuperadvice,someofitisn’t.’(Onken說：‘談到營養(yǎng)，我們中的許多人都依賴于我們在學(xué)校學(xué)到的東西。但我們一直在學(xué)習(xí)新的東西，了解不同的食物對我們的健康有什么好處，比如發(fā)酵食物對我們的腸道和免疫系統(tǒng)的好處。雖然有些是代代相傳的超級建議，但有些則不是?！?”可知代代相傳下來的一些營養(yǎng)觀念有些是正確的，有些不是；由此可知，對待這些營養(yǎng)觀念應(yīng)持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Anexperthasrevealedwhethercarrotstrulyhelpyouseeinthedarkandifanappleadayactuallykeepsthedoctoraway.(近日，一位專家揭示了胡蘿卜是否真的能幫助你在黑暗中看清東西，以及一天一個蘋果是否真的能讓你遠(yuǎn)離醫(yī)生。)”、第二段“NutritionistLilySoutteralsoclarifiesifitreallytakessevenyearstodigestchewinggum(口香糖),whetheryoucanswimaftereatingandiffishisgoodforthebrain.(營養(yǎng)學(xué)家LilySoutter也澄清了消化口香糖是否真的需要七年時間，吃完后是否可以游泳，以及魚是否對大腦有益。)”以及下文對于研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的詳細(xì)闡述，可知本文主要介紹了營養(yǎng)學(xué)家LilySoutter通過研究揭露了一些食物營養(yǎng)的真相，指出人們長久以來的一些錯誤營養(yǎng)觀念；D選項“NutritionistRevealsTruthAboutFoodMyths(營養(yǎng)學(xué)家揭示食物神話的真相)”符合文章主旨，適合作為最佳文章標(biāo)題。故選D。DSaratriedtobefriendheroldfriendSteve’snewwifeBetty,butBettyneverseemedtohaveanythingtosay.WhileSarafeltBettydidn’tholdupherendoftheconversation,BettycomplainedtoStevethatSaranevergaveherachancetotalk.Theproblemhadtodowithexpectationsaboutpacingandpausing.Conversationisaturn-takinggame.Whenourhabitsaresimilar,there’snoproblem.Butifourhabitsaredifferent,youmaystarttotalkbeforeI’mfinishedorfailtotakeyourturnwhenI’mfinished.That’swhatwashappeningwithBettyandSara.ItmaynotbecoincidentalthatBetty,whoexpectedrelativelylongerpausesbetweenturns,isBritish,andSara,whoexpectedrelativelyshorterpauses,isAmerican.BettyoftenfeltinterruptedbySara.ButBettyherselfbecameaninterrupterandfoundherselfdoingmostofthetalkingwhenshemetavisitorfromFinland.AndSarahadahardtimecuttinginonsomespeakersfromLatinAmericaorIsrael.Thegeneralphenomenon,then,isthatthesmallconversationtechniques,likepacingandpausing,leadpeopletodrawconclusionsnotaboutconversationalstylebutaboutpersonalityandabilities.Thesehabitualdifferencesareoftenthebasisfordangerousstereotyping.Andthesesocialphenomenacanhaveverypersonalconsequences.Forexample,awomanfromthesouthwesternpartoftheUSwenttoliveinaneasterncitytotakeupajobinpersonnel.WhenthePersonnelDepartmentgottogetherformeetings,shekeptsearchingfortherighttimetobreakin—andneverfoundit.Althoughbackhomeshewasconsideredoutgoingandconfident,inWashingtonshewasviewedasshyandretiring.Whenshewasevaluatedattheendoftheyear,shewastoldtotakeatrainingcoursebecauseofherinabilitytospeakup.That’swhyslightdifferencesinconversationalstyle—tinylittlethingslikemicrosecondsofpause-canhaveagreateffectonone’slife.Theresultinthiscasewasajudgmentofpsychologicalproblems—eveninthemindofthewomanherself,whoreallywonderedwhatwaswrongwithherandregisteredforassertivenesstraining.12.Accordingtothepassage,whoarelikelytoexpecttheshortestpausesbetweenturns?A.Americans. B.Israelis. C.TheBritish. D.TheFinns.13.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat__________.A.communicationbreakdownresultsfromshortpausesandfastpacingB.womenareunfavorablystereotypedineasterncitiesoftheUSC.one’sinabilitytospeakupisculturallydeterminedsometimesD.oneshouldreceivetrainingtobuildupone’sconfidence14.Theunderlinedword“assertiveness”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans__________.A.beingwillingtospeakone’smindB.beingabletoincreaseone’spowerC.beingreadytomakeone’sownjudgmentD.beingquicktoexpressone’sideasconfidently15.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?A.PeoplefromFinlandtendtopauseshorterthanthosefromBritain.B.Conversationaltechniquessuchaspacingandpausingmaycausepeopletojumptoconclusionsaboutone’scharacterandcapabilities.C.Peopleinaconversationareexpectedtotaketurnsinspeaking.D.Differentconversationalhabitsmayleadtoabreakdownincommunication.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章以兩個例子來說明談話風(fēng)格上的細(xì)微差別——比如幾微秒的停頓和語速——可以對一個人的生活產(chǎn)生重大影響。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“ItmaynotbecoincidentalthatBetty,whoexpectedrelativelylongerpausesbetweenturns,isBritish,andSara,whoexpectedrelativelyshorterpauses,isAmerican.ButBettyherselfbecameaninterrupterandfoundherselfdoingmostofthetalkingwhenshemetavisitorfromFinland.AndSarahadahardtimecuttinginonsomespeakersfromLatinAmericaorIsrael.(貝蒂預(yù)計更長的停頓時間，她是英國人，而薩拉預(yù)計換人更短的停頓時間，她是美國人，這可能并非巧合。但是貝蒂自己成為了一個打斷者，當(dāng)她遇到一位來自芬蘭的訪客時，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己主要是在說話。薩拉很難打斷一些來自拉丁美洲或以色列的演講者。)”可知，期待最短的停頓說明說話最快，即以色列人說話最快，故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“WhileSarafeltBettydidn’tholdupherendoftheconversation,BettycomplainedtoStevethatSaranevergaveherachancetotalk.Theproblemhadtodowithexpectationsaboutpacingandpausing.(當(dāng)薩拉覺得貝蒂沒有完成她的談話時，貝蒂向史蒂夫抱怨說，薩拉從來沒有給過她說話的機(jī)會。這個問題與對節(jié)奏和停頓的預(yù)期有關(guān)。)”和第四段中“Thegeneralphenomenon,then,isthatthesmallconversationtechniques,likepacingandpausing,leadpeopletodrawconclusionsnotaboutconversationalstylebutaboutpersonalityandabilities.(那么，一般的現(xiàn)象是，像節(jié)奏和停頓這樣的小型會話技巧，導(dǎo)致人們得出的結(jié)論不是關(guān)于會話風(fēng)格，而是關(guān)于個性和能力。)”可知，短暫的停頓和快速的節(jié)奏會導(dǎo)致交流中斷，故選A。【14題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Althoughbackhomeshewasconsideredoutgoingandconfident,inWashingtonshewasviewedasshyandretiring.Whenshewasevaluatedattheendoftheyear,shewastoldtotakeatrainingcoursebecauseofherinabilitytospeakup.(雖然在國內(nèi)她被認(rèn)為是外向和自信的，但在華盛頓她被認(rèn)為是害羞和退隱的。當(dāng)她在年底接受評估時，她被告知參加一個培訓(xùn)課程，因為她不能大聲說話。)”和最后一段中“Theresultinthiscasewasajudgmentofpsychologicalproblems—eveninthemindofthewomanherself,whoreallywonderedwhatwaswrongwithherandregisteredforassertivenesstraining.(這個案例的結(jié)果是對心理問題的判斷——即使是在這個女人自己的心里，她真的想知道自己出了什么問題，并登記參加了assertiveness訓(xùn)練。)”可知，案例中的主人在華盛頓她被認(rèn)為是害羞和退隱的，因為她不能大聲說話，所以她被告知參加一個培訓(xùn)課程，由此可推知，該培訓(xùn)是訓(xùn)練她自信大聲且迅速來表達(dá)自己的，劃線單詞assertiveness與D項“自信地迅速表達(dá)自己的想法”意思一樣，故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thegeneralphenomenon,then,isthatthesmallconversationtechniques,likepacingandpausing,leadpeopletodrawconclusionsnotaboutconversationalstylebutaboutpersonalityandabilities.(那么，一般的現(xiàn)象是，像節(jié)奏和停頓這樣的小型會話技巧，導(dǎo)致人們得出的結(jié)論不是關(guān)于會話風(fēng)格，而是關(guān)于個性和能力。)”可知，B項正確；根據(jù)第二段中“Conversationisaturn-takinggame.(談話是輪流進(jìn)行的游戲。)”可知，C項正確；根據(jù)最后一段中“That’swhyslightdifferencesinconversationalstyle—tinylittlethingslikemicrosecondsofpause-canhaveagreateffectonone’slife.(這就是為什么談話風(fēng)格上的細(xì)微差別——比如幾微秒的停頓——可以對一個人的生活產(chǎn)生重大影響。)”可知，D項正確；文中只有第三段中“ButBettyherselfbecameaninterrupterandfoundherselfdoingmostofthetalkingwhenshemetavisitorfromFinland.AndSarahadahardtimecuttinginonsomespeakersfromLatinAmericaorIsrael.(但是貝蒂自己成為了一個打斷者，當(dāng)她遇到一位來自芬蘭的訪客時，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己主要是在說話。薩拉很難打斷一些來自拉丁美洲或以色列的演講者。)”提到芬蘭人，可知，作為英國人的貝蒂一直在說話，這并不能說明芬蘭人在說話時停頓的時間較短，A項“來自芬蘭的人往往比來自英國的人停頓的時間短?！辈环显囊馑?，表達(dá)不正確，故選A。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。BeAResponsibleCamperBeingaresponsiblecamperisaboutmorethanjustrespectingyourneighborsandobservingtheboundariessetbycampsites.____16____Pleasekeepsustainablecampingguidelinesinmindwhileplanningatripintothegreatoutdoors.Leavenotrace.____17____Followtheprinciples:“takeonlypictures,leaveonlyfootprints“.Most“l(fā)eavenotrace”principlesfocusonreducingourimpactonthenaturalenvironment.Followingthesamerulesforhikingandotheroutdoorrecreationalactivitiesisoneofthebestwaystoshowyourrespectforanaturaldestination.____18____Harmfulsunscreenchemicalscannegativelyaffectdrylandaswell.Theycanpollutebodiesofwaterandmaytakemanyyearstobreakdowninthenaturalenvironment,sobemindfulofwhatyouputonyourbodiesbeforejumpingintothatlake.Asaruleofthumb,alwaysstayatleast200feetawayfromanywatersourcewhileusingsoaportoothpaste.Respectthewildlife.Ifyou’recampinginapopularareawithplentyofpeoplearound,it’seasytoforgetthatyou’reactuallysharingspacewithwildanimalhabitats.Animalsthatgettoousedtohumanscangetreliant,whichdisruptsthenaturalbalanceofthingswithintheirecosystems.Sometimes,toomuchinteractionwithpeoplecanmakeanimalsmoreaggressiveorleadtomorehuman-wildlifeconflicts.Trytokeepallofyourfoodoutofreachfromwildlife.____19____Practicefiresafety.WhilethisisespeciallyrelevantonthewestcoastoftheUnitedStates,wherewildfireseasonismostthreatening,firesafetyshouldalwaysbeatopprioritywhilecamping.____20____Inareasknownforhavinggreaterfiredanger,itpaystohaveashovelorabucketofwaterhandytotakecareofanyrunawayflames.A.Keepwaterwaysclean.B.Aimforzerowaste.C.Onlybuildfiresindesignatedfirepitsorrings.D.Andmostimportantly,remembernevertofeedwildanimals.E.Takingyourcampsiteoffthebeatenpathmaysoundadventurous.F.It’sabouthavingthelowestimpactpossibleonthesurroundingenvironment.G.Alwaysleaveyourcampsitethesame(orbetter)thanyoufoundit.【答案】16.F17.G18.A19.D20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹露營時要注意的事項?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Beingaresponsiblecamperisaboutmorethanjustrespectingyourneighborsandobservingtheboundariessetbycampsites.(作為一個負(fù)責(zé)任的露營者，不僅僅是尊重你的鄰居，遵守露營地設(shè)定的界限)”推知，空處提出露營時還要注意什么。選項F“這是關(guān)于盡可能減少對周圍環(huán)境的影響”和上文意思一致。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Leavenotrace.(不留痕跡)”可知，這一段建議人們不要再離開時留下垃圾之類對環(huán)境有影響的東西。選項G“離開你的露營地時，一定要和你發(fā)現(xiàn)的一樣（或更好）”和上文意思一致。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Harmfulsunscreenchemicalscannegativelyaffectdrylandaswell.Theycanpollutebodiesofwaterandmaytakemanyyearstobreakdowninthenaturalenvironment,sobemindfulofwhatyouputonyourbodiesbeforejumpingintothatlake.(有害的防曬化學(xué)物質(zhì)也會對旱地產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。它們會污染水體，可能需要很多年才能在自然環(huán)境中分解，所以在跳進(jìn)湖中之前，要注意你身上穿了什么)”可知，這一段提出要保護(hù)水資源的建議。選項A“保持水道清潔”和下文意思一致，可以作為主旨句。故選A。【19題詳解】空處位于段末，應(yīng)承接上文根據(jù)上文“Trytokeepallofyourfoodoutofreachfromwildlife.(盡量把你所有的食物都放在野生動物夠不到的地方)”可知，空處指出不要喂野生動物。選項D“最重要的是，記住永遠(yuǎn)不要喂野生動物?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Practicefiresafety.WhilethisisespeciallyrelevantonthewestcoastoftheUnitedStates,wherewildfireseasonismostthreatening,firesafetyshouldalwaysbeatopprioritywhilecamping.(練習(xí)消防安全。雖然這在野火季節(jié)最具威脅的美國西海岸尤為重要，但露營時消防安全應(yīng)始終是首要任務(wù))”可知，這一段提出對使用火的建議。選項C“只能在指定的火坑或火圈內(nèi)生火”符合語境。故選C。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)Since1960,considerablescientificresearcheshavebeendoneonchimpsintheirnaturalhabitats.Astonishingly,scientistshavefoundoutthatthesocial____21____ofChimpsareverysimilartohumans.Chimpswill____22____incertainways,likegatheringtogethertoprotecttheirland.Butbeyondtheminimumrequirementsassocialbeings,theyhavelittleinstinct(本能)to____23____oneanother.Chimpsinthewildseekfoodforthemselves.Evenchimpmothersregularly____24____tosharefoodwiththeirchildren.Whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood?Inthelaboratory,chimpsdon’t____25____sharefoodeither.Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor,withnogreatereffort,aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighbortothenextcage,hewillpull____26____-hejustdoesn’tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.Chimpsaretrulyselfish.Humanchildren,____27____,areextremelycooperative.Fromtheearliestages,theydecidetohelpothers,toshareinformationandtoparticipateinachievingcommongoals.ThepsychologistMichaelTomasellohasstudiedthis____28____inaseriesofexperimentswithveryyoungchildren.Hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeaworriedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadoor,almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp.Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandshar