2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省茂名市電白區(qū)高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題（原卷版+解析版無聽力部分）

第第頁2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省茂名市電白區(qū)高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題（原卷版+解析版，無聽力部分）2022～2023學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期中考試

高二英語

(滿分：130分時間：120分鐘)

第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)

第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共10小題;每小題2.5分，滿分25分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

ScienceCompetitionsYourStudentsCanEnter

UnsungHeroesofScienceVideoCompetition

Age:16—18

Closed:May17,2022

TheUnsungHeroesofScienceVideoCompetitionfromHertfordCollegeUniversityofOxfordisopentoall16—18studentsaroundthepetitorsaretaskedwithmakingatwo—minutevideosharingthestoryofascientistwhosecontributionswereoverlooked.Entriescanbesubmittedbyindividualsorinteams.WinnersofthecompetitionintheUKwillgettogobehindthescenesattheRoyalInstitution8Christmaslectures.

Schools’Analyst

Age:16—17

Closed:March25,2022

TheSchools’AnalystCompetitionisreturningtoschoolswithteamstaskedwithfindingtheperfectformulaforfishandchips!Thiscompetitionallowsstudentstoexpandtheirchemistryknowledgeandskillsthroughpracticalexperiments.Eachwinningschoolteamwillthencompetewithintheirregiontofindaregionalwinner.Regionalwinnersreceiveacashprize.

ABSW’sYoungScienceWriteroftheYear

Age:14—16Closed:April8,2022

TheAssociationofBritishScienceWriters’AnnualCompetitionisopentostudentsatnon-selectivestate—fundedschoolsinCardiff,Birmingham,GlasgowandLondon.ThecompetitioninvitesyoungpeopletowriteaboutthebigquestionsinSTEM,andthey’vejust800wordstoputforwardtheirthoughts.Theawardwinnerreceives1000,andone—year’smembershipofABSW.

NewnhamCollegeEssayPrizes

Age:16—17(femaleonly)

Closed:March11,2022

TheUniversityofCambridge’sNewnhamCollegeEssayPrizesareopentoallgirlscurrentlyinaUKschoolandinvolvessubmittinganessay(2500wordsmax)answeringoneofaselectionofquestions.Besidestargetingtheirliteracyskills,thecompetitionisagreatchancetopreparestudentsforhighereducationandwouldmakeagreatadditiontoaUCASform.Studentsalsohavethechanceofwinningacashprizerangingfrom400to100.Studentsmayonlysubmitanessayforonesubject.

1.Whichcompetitionfocusesonintroducingscientists'story

A.Schools’Analyst.

B.UnsungHeroesofScienceVideoCompetition.

C.NewnhamCollegeEssayPrizes.

D.ABSW'sYoungScienceWriteroftheYear.

2.WhatshouldonedotowinNewnhamCollegeEssayPrizes

A.Answertwoquestionsatatime.B.Writeaboutthebigscientificquestions.

C.Enlargehischemistryknowledge.D.Submitanessaywithwordslimitedto2500.

3.Whatdothefourcompetitionshaveincommon

A.Theyprovidecashprizesforwinners.

B.Theyareopentostudentsaged16yearsold.

C.Theyhavesomethingtodowithwritingskills.

D.Theyacceptentriesbyindividualsandinteams.

B

Despitemanypublichealthcampaignstohighlightvariousproblemswithsugarydrinkswedrinkthemalot.But,noteveryoneconsumesthem.Twonewstudiesshedlightonthefactthatsomeofuseasilyfallvictimtotheharmsofsugarydrinksthanothers.

Thoughsugarydrinksareeverywhere,somepeoplefindthemhardertoresistandthefirststudy,conductedbyprofessorJoshuaMcGreenatFlindersUniversity,soughttounderstandwhy.Fortheresearch,128youngadultsof17to25completedacomputertestevaluatingtheirattitudesaboutsoftdrinks,measuredagainsttheirsoftdrinkconsumption.Thestudyshowedthatthemoreunconsciouspositivejudgmentsindividualshadofsoftdrinkadvertising,themoresoftdrinktheyconsumed.Italsofoundthatalackofinhibitorycontrol,whichisthecognitiveprocessthatallowsustocontrolourdesires—say,tobuyanice—tastingsoftdrinkeventhoughweknowit’sunhealthy—wasalsoafactorinincreasedconsumption.

Asecondstudyprovidescluesaboutwhoismoreeasilyinfluencedbythemarketingstrategies.Thestudyfoundthatsoftdrinkcompanies,likeCoca-ColaandPepsiCo,havemulti-billiondollaradvertisingandmarketingbudgetsaimedto“create,maintainandincreaseconsumerdemandaroundbenefitsrelatedtohappiness,socialstatusetc.”.Thesecampaignsare“increasinglybeingdirectedatdisadvantagedgroups”,includingchildrenandadolescentsgenerally,andpeoplelivingindisadvantagedneighborhoods.

Softdrinks,even“zero-sugar”ones,aretypicallyhighincalories,butoflittlenutritionalbenefit.Placingataxonsweetdrinksmaybeonestrategytoreducepeople’sconsumption.McGreenalsosuggeststhatpeopledevelopstrongself-controlofsoftdrinkconsumption.It’ssomethinghewantstoresearchfurther.Headds,“Iwouldalsoliketobanadvertisementsforsoftdrinksforsportsorprogramsthatappealtochildren.Itisspeciallyimportantforsportspeopletostopbeingwalkingbillboardsforjunkfoodanddrinks.”

4.Whatdothetwonewstudiesfocuson

A.Theharmofsugarydrinks.

B.Theconsumersofsugarydrinks.

C.Thepopularityofsugarydrinks.

D.Theprofitmadebysugarydrinks.

5.WhoaremostlikelytobuysugarydrinksaccordingtoMcGreen

A.Thosewhohaveagoodimpressionofsoftdrinks.

B.Thosewhocancontroltheirdesireswell.

C.Thosewhohaveagoodspendinghabit.

D.Thosewhohavenointerestinsoftdrinkadvertising.

6.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear

A.Entertainment.B.Education.C.Health.D.Sports.

C

Peopleoftencallmusicauniversallanguage,butdocertainsongsreallycausethesamementalimagesinourmindsScientistsatPrincetonfindthatwhilemusicabsolutelycanstimulate(激發(fā))similarmentalexperiences,theresultsalsostronglysuggestcultureisamajorfactor.

Atotalof622peopletookpartinthestudy.Allofthevolunteerscamefromoneofthreelocations:twosuburbancollegetownsintheUS(oneinArkansasandtheotherinMichigan),ortheruralChinesevillageofDimen.It’sworthnotingthatthemainlanguageinDimenisDong,atonallanguageunrelatedtotheofficiallanguageofChina.LocalstherehavelittlecontactwithWesternmediaorcultureatall.Allparticipantslistenedtotheexactsame32“musicalstimuli”—whichwere60-secondcutsofinstrumentalmusic.HalfofthesepiecescamefromWesternmusicwhiletherestcamefromChinesemusic.

Afterhearing,researchersaskedthegroupsabouttheimagestheysawintheirheadswhilelistening.Incredibly,peoplefromArkansasandMichiganoftendescribedverysimilarstories,evenusingtheexactsamewordsfrequently.Dimenlisteners,ontheotherhand,envisionedstoriesthatweresimilartoeachotherbutquitedifferentfromtheAmericanlisteners.Morespecifically,onetrackledtoAmericansseeingacowboyinthehotdesertsurveyinganemptytown.Meanwhile,Chineseparticipantsimaginedamaninancienttimesreflectingonthelossofalovedone.

“There’ssomethingabouttheresultsthat’sreallysurprisingespeciallybecausepeopleencountermusicin2022ofteninasolitaryway,overheadphones.Butitturnsout,it’sstillasharedexperience,almostlikeashreddream,althoughnotuniversallyshared,”saysElizabethMargulis,thestudyauthor.

Theresultspaintamorecomplexpictureofmusic’spower.Musiccangenerateremarkablysimilarstoriesinlisteners’minds,butitdependsonacommonsetofculturalexperiences.Sowhileweimaginemusiccanbringpeopletogether,theoppositecanalsobetrue-itcandistinguishbetweensetsofpeoplewithadifferentbackgroundorculture.

7.WhatistheprobablereasonforDimenbeingselectedforthestudy

A.Itsuniqueculturalbackground.B.ItsclosecontactwithUS.

C.Itscomplexlanguagesystem.D.Itslongtraditionofmusic.

8.Whatweretheparticipantsrequiredtodoafterlisteningtomusic

A.Exchangetheircommentsonthescene.

B.Imaginemusicians’originalinspiration.

C.Describethepictureforminginmind.

D.Recallpersonalmusic-relatedstories.

9.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“solitary”inparagraph4

A.Strange.B.Individual.C.Outdated.D.Polite.

10.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext

A.UnbelievableMusic’sEffectsGobeyondCultures

B.ProblemSolved!HowMusicBringsUsAllTogether

C.Amazing!CulturesDetermineOurPreferenceforMusic

D.UniversalLanguageCultureMattersWhenWeHearMusic

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Peoplesaywatercanimprovehealthandmemory.Butnowsomeexpertssaythattothinkdrinkingwaterequalshealthistakingthingstoofarandthathydration(水合作用）isaboutthebalancebetweenelectrolytes(電解質(zhì))likesodiumandthewaterinyourbody.

Then.howmuchwaterdoyouneedtodrinkManysayyoushoulddrinkeight8-ounceglassesofwateraday.Notso,someexpertssay.___11___A200-poundpersonwhohikes10milesintheheatneedsmorewaterthana120-poundofficemanagerinatemperature-controlledbuilding.

___12___Someonewithaheartconditionorkidneystoneshasonelevelofneed.Apersontakingdiureticdrugs(利尿藥）mayneedadifferentamountofwater.Youmayneedtochangetheamountyouaredrinkingifyoulavebeenillwithvomitingordiarrhea.

Waterisabetterchoicethansugarysodasorfruitjuices.___13___Onepopularideaisthatcaffeineoralcoholwillmakeyourbodylosemuchwater.Butonestudyshowedtheeffectisnotsignificant.Youalsogetwaterfromwhatyoueat.Fruits,vegetables,andsoupsalladdtotheintakeofwater.Yourbodywilltellyouifyouarehydratedenough.Youdon'thavetothinkaboutitoradduptheouncesyoudrink.___14___

Electrolytesareessentialminerals.___15___Somesportsdrinksadssayyouneedtoaddelectrolytestostayhealthy.Butsomeexpertssaythatyourbodyproduceselectrolytes.Youmayneedmorewaterifyouexercisealotduringtheheatoftheday.Otherwise,mostpeoplegetenoughelectrolytesfromfood.

A.Justdrinkthenyouarethirsty.

B.Theyarevitaltomanyfunctionsinthebody

C.Itgivesyoumoreenergyandmakesyoulookgood.

D.Instead,yourbodyandtheactivitiesyouattendmatter.

E.Itisalsonecessarytosetatimetableaboutwhentodrinkwater.

F.Theamountofwateryouneedinadayalsodependsonyourhealth.

G.Butwhenitcomestohydration,anydrinkcanaddwatertoyoursystem.

第二部分語言知識及應(yīng)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

WhenPeteEckertstartedgoingblind,hedecidedtochannelhisfeelingsoflossintoart.Inhis20satthetime,Eckertwouldspendwholedayspreparingdrawingsandwoodcutsbeforeaskinghiswifeto____16____theresultstohim.Buttheprocesswasdrivinghiswife____17____.So,insearchofamoreinstantmedium,he____18____hishandtophotography.

“WhenIstartedoutdigitalcamerashadn’twipedout(摧毀)traditionalphotographyshopsyet,”EckertsaidonthephonefromhishomeinSacramento,California.“Iwouldgotothosephotographyshopsandbuytworollsoffilmandaskten____19____questions.Iwenteveryday.Andbyaskingquestionsandgetting____20____,Ilearned.”

Morethantwodecadesafterentirelylosinghissightfromaneyedisease,Eckerthas____21____asuccessfulcareerasaself-taughtphotographernow.Whenhefirst____22____theworldofphotography,Eckertwouldgoonshorttripsat____23____withhisdogforprotection.Hebeganbyphotographingstatues,thoughhesoon____24____moreinterestingsubjectmatter.“Totakephotosofsculpturesisn’treally_____25_____becausetheartisalreadythere,”hesaid.“WhatIwaslookingforwasawayofshowingwhat_____26_____islike.”

Thisnewfocusresultedina_____27_____kindofphotographicbeauty—images_____28_____ofghostlyfiguresandartfullyvague(模糊的)linesthatnoonehadevertriedbefore.

Eckert’simagesaren’t_____29_____metaphors(暗喻)forblindness.Manyofthemhavebeenshottoliterallyrepresentwhathismindsees,offeringsightedpeopleaclear_____30_____intohisworld.

16.A.predictB.describeC.blameD.recall

17.A.worriedB.lonelyC.crazyD.disappointed

18.A.gaveB.turnedC.lentD.put

19.A.academicB.importantC.difficultD.professional

20.A.comparisonB.extensionC.instructionD.expectation

21.A.establishedB.introducedC.spottedD.ruined

22.A.putupwithB.stoodupforC.tookchargeofD.setfootin

23.A.morningB.nightC.noonD.dusk

24.A.examinedB.inventedC.acceptedD.sought

25.A.fairB.hardC.newD.easy

26.A.blindnessB.kindnessC.happinessD.loneliness

27.A.crucialB.uniqueC.remarkableD.practical

28.A.warnedB.accusedC.comprisedD.cleared

29.A.hardlyB.rarelyC.simplyD.entirely

30.A.viewB.targetC.peakD.reason

第二節(jié)：語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperature___31___(lead)toanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.Climatescientistshavewarned___32___ifwedonottakeappropriateactions,thiswarmingtrendwill___33___(probable)continueandtherewillbe___34___higherpricetopay.Infact,newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcastaboutextremerainstormsandheatwavescausingdeathsand___35___(economy)losses.

___36___(continue)greenhousegasemissionswillresultinfurtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.Thisrequirestheattentionofpeopleallovertheworld.Governmentsneedtoconsidermaking___37___(policy)andtakingappropriateactionsandmeasurestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”by___38___(restrict)theamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.Itisourresponsibility___39___(seize)everyopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarmingalongwithitscausesandimpacts,becausethisisthemostseriousissueaffectingallofus___40___thisplanet.Sowhatwillyoudotohelp

第三部分寫作(共三節(jié)，滿分65分)

請將本部分題的答案寫在答題卡上

第一節(jié)詞匯，語法與句子(每空1分，滿分25分)

41.Theseartistsdidnotusea________(reality)styleofpainting.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

42.Hewasawonderfulfathertobothhisnaturaland______(adopt)children.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

43.Animmigrantisapersonwhocomestolive______(permanent)inaforeigncountry.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

44.Our______(represent)arereadytohelpyouatalltimes.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

45.Wehurriedlyendedourmeeting,leavingmanyproblems______(settle).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

46.Noteveryoneissopessimistic______thefuture.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)

47.Weshouldputdowntheburdeneverynowandthen,sothatwecan______(refresh)andareabletocarryon.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

48.Asisknowntousall,Thegovernment______(dispose)oftheairpollutiontheseyears.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

49.Istillrememberhowlongittook______(polish)thelegsofourcoffeetable.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

50.Whenherchildrengotoldenoughtoreadbythemselves,sheboughtmanybooks,mostof______werebothinterestingandrightforthemtounderstand.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)

51.Thestrangerseizedmeby______arm,______(make)mefrightened.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

52.Hesaid,“Let’sgotothepark.”(變間接引語)

He____________tothepark

53.昨晚因這場足球賽現(xiàn)場直播，我們看得很盡興!

______thefootballmatch____________lastnight,wereallyenjoyedit!

54.他正是那個有資格從事這個項(xiàng)目的人。

Itis____________istheperson____________theproject.

55.盡管他被父母拋棄，但他拒絕屈服于命運(yùn)。

Although____________hisparents,herefusedto____________hisfate.

第二節(jié)：(滿分15分)

56.假如你是李華，你校的米國交換生Peter參加了“外國留學(xué)生詩詞朗誦競賽”并獲得了一等獎，請給他寫封電子郵件表示祝賀，內(nèi)容包括：

1.祝賀獲獎；

2.肯定成績和努力；

3.希望交流心得

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：外國留學(xué)生詩詞朗誦競賽ChinesePoetryRecitationContestforForeign

Students

DearPeter,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

LiHua

第三節(jié)(滿分25分)

57.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文，續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。

AfterIsteppedintotheschoollibrary,Iwentstraighttotheshelvesfilledwithbooksatonce.ItwasbreaktimeandIhaddroppedbythelibrarytoborrowabook.JustasIwaslookingthroughsomebooks,agirlinmyclass,Alice,cameuptome.Alicewasapainintheneckasshewouldoftenmakefunofothers.Thatday,Alicelaughedatmeaboutmydeepestsecret-thatIhadcomelastinclassinthemid-yearexaminations.

Iblushed(臉紅)hotlyinshame.Atthesametime,Ibecameextremelyangry.Mybestfriend,Lynn,wastheonlyonewhoknewmysecret.Howcouldshebetray(背叛)me

MyangergrewasthoughtsaboutmyfriendshipwithLynnflashedthroughmymind.WehadbeengoodfriendssincePrimary1.Wehungouttogether,studiedtogetherandstayeduptilltheearlyhoursofthemorningtoexchangeourdreams.Wewerecloserthansisters.Whensheneededashouldertocryon,Iwouldbethere.HowcouldshedothistomeIwassomadthatIcouldnotcontrolmyself.

BrushingasideAlice’staunts(嘲弄),IstormedtotheplacewhereLynnusuallywent-theschoolfield.Lynnlookedatmewithawelcomingsmileonherface.Thesightofhertreacherous(背信棄義的)facemadememadandcrazy.

“HowcouldyoudothistomeIthoughtwewerefriends!”IshoutedatLynn.“Ihateyou!”

Alookofbewilderment(迷茫)crossedherfaceasshesaid,

“Wha...What’swrongWhatdidIdo”

LynncriedoutbutIwascoldandIdidn’tshowanykindnesstoheratall.Itoldher,“Youarenolongermyfriend!”

AndthenIstormedawayandreturnedtothelibrarytocalmmyselfdown.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;

2.請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

Paragraph1:About5minuteslater,oneofmyclassmatescameuptomeandhandedmemydiary.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph2:Luckily,Lynnwasstillinthefield.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2022～2023學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期中考試

高二英語

(滿分：130分時間：120分鐘)

第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)

第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共10小題;每小題2.5分，滿分25分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

ScienceCompetitionsYourStudentsCanEnter

UnsungHeroesofScienceVideoCompetition

Age:16—18

Closed:May17,2022

TheUnsungHeroesofScienceVideoCompetitionfromHertfordCollegeUniversityofOxfordisopentoall16—18studentsaroundthepetitorsaretaskedwithmakingatwo—minutevideosharingthestoryofascientistwhosecontributionswereoverlooked.Entriescanbesubmittedbyindividualsorinteams.WinnersofthecompetitionintheUKwillgettogobehindthescenesattheRoyalInstitution8Christmaslectures.

Schools’Analyst

Age:16—17

Closed:March25,2022

TheSchools’AnalystCompetitionisreturningtoschoolswithteamstaskedwithfindingtheperfectformulaforfishandchips!Thiscompetitionallowsstudentstoexpandtheirchemistryknowledgeandskillsthroughpracticalexperiments.Eachwinningschoolteamwillthencompetewithintheirregiontofindaregionalwinner.Regionalwinnersreceiveacashprize.

ABSW’sYoungScienceWriteroftheYear

Age:14—16Closed:April8,2022

TheAssociationofBritishScienceWriters’AnnualCompetitionisopentostudentsatnon-selectivestate—fundedschoolsinCardiff,Birmingham,GlasgowandLondon.ThecompetitioninvitesyoungpeopletowriteaboutthebigquestionsinSTEM,andthey’vejust800wordstoputforwardtheirthoughts.Theawardwinnerreceives1000,andone—year’smembershipofABSW.

NewnhamCollegeEssayPrizes

Age:16—17(femaleonly)

Closed:March11,2022

TheUniversityofCambridge’sNewnhamCollegeEssayPrizesareopentoallgirlscurrentlyinaUKschoolandinvolvessubmittinganessay(2500wordsmax)answeringoneofaselectionofquestions.Besidestargetingtheirliteracyskills,thecompetitionisagreatchancetopreparestudentsforhighereducationandwouldmakeagreatadditiontoaUCASform.Studentsalsohavethechanceofwinningacashprizerangingfrom400to100.Studentsmayonlysubmitanessayforonesubject.

1.Whichcompetitionfocusesonintroducingscientists'story

A.Schools’Analyst.

B.UnsungHeroesofScienceVideoCompetition.

C.NewnhamCollegeEssayPrizes.

D.ABSW'sYoungScienceWriteroftheYear.

2.WhatshouldonedotowinNewnhamCollegeEssayPrizes

A.Answertwoquestionsatatime.B.Writeaboutthebigscientificquestions.

C.Enlargehischemistryknowledge.D.Submitanessaywithwordslimitedto2500.

3.Whatdothefourcompetitionshaveincommon

A.Theyprovidecashprizesforwinners.

B.Theyareopentostudentsaged16yearsold.

C.Theyhavesomethingtodowithwritingskills.

D.Theyacceptentriesbyindividualsandinteams.

【答案】1.B2.D3.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了4個學(xué)生可以參加的科學(xué)競賽。

1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。標(biāo)題UnsungHeroesofScienceVideoCompetition部分講到“Competitorsaretaskedwithmakingatwo—minutevideosharingthestoryofascientistwhosecontributionswereoverlooked.(參賽者的任務(wù)是制作一段兩分鐘的視頻，分享一位貢獻(xiàn)被忽視了的科學(xué)家的故事。)”可知側(cè)重于介紹科學(xué)家的故事的是UnsungHeroesofScienceVideoCompetition，故選B。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。標(biāo)題NewnhamCollegeEssayPrizes部分講到“TheUniversityofCambridge’sNewnhamCollegeEssayPrizesareopentoallgirlscurrentlyinaUKschoolandinvolvessubmittinganessay(2500wordsmax)answeringoneofaselectionofquestions.(劍橋大學(xué)的紐納姆學(xué)院征文獎對所有目前在英國學(xué)校就讀的女生開放，包括提交一篇論文（最多2500字），回答一系列問題。)”可知要想獲得Newnham學(xué)院論文獎，應(yīng)該提交一篇字?jǐn)?shù)限制在2500字以內(nèi)的文章，故選D。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。標(biāo)題UnsungHeroesofScienceVideoCompetition部分“Age:16—18(年齡：16-18歲)”,文章Schools’Analyst部分“Age:16—17(年齡：16-17歲)”，文章ABSW’sYoungScienceWriteroftheYear部分“Age:14—16(年齡：14-16歲)”以及文章NewnhamCollegeEssayPrizes部分“Age:16—17(femaleonly)(年齡：16-17歲(僅限女生))”可知四項(xiàng)比賽的共同點(diǎn)是對16歲的學(xué)生開放，故選B。

B

Despitemanypublichealthcampaignstohighlightvariousproblemswithsugarydrinks,wedrinkthemalot.But,noteveryoneconsumesthem.Twonewstudiesshedlightonthefactthatsomeofuseasilyfallvictimtotheharmsofsugarydrinksthanothers.

Thoughsugarydrinksareeverywhere,somepeoplefindthemhardertoresistandthefirststudy,conductedbyprofessorJoshuaMcGreenatFlindersUniversity,soughttounderstandwhy.Fortheresearch,128youngadultsof17to25completedacomputertestevaluatingtheirattitudesaboutsoftdrinks,measuredagainsttheirsoftdrinkconsumption.Thestudyshowedthatthemoreunconsciouspositivejudgmentsindividualshadofsoftdrinkadvertising,themoresoftdrinktheyconsumed.Italsofoundthatalackofinhibitorycontrol,whichisthecognitiveprocessthatallowsustocontrolourdesires—say,tobuyanice—tastingsoftdrinkeventhoughweknowit’sunhealthy—wasalsoafactorinincreasedconsumption.

Asecondstudyprovidescluesaboutwhoismoreeasilyinfluencedbythemarketingstrategies.Thestudyfoundthatsoftdrinkcompanies,likeCoca-ColaandPepsiCo,havemulti-billiondollaradvertisingandmarketingbudgetsaimedto“create,maintainandincreaseconsumerdemandaroundbenefitsrelatedtohappiness,socialstatusetc.”.Thesecampaignsare“increasinglybeingdirectedatdisadvantagedgroups”,includingchildrenandadolescentsgenerally,andpeoplelivingindisadvantagedneighborhoods.

Softdrinks,even“zero-sugar”ones,aretypicallyhighincalories,butoflittlenutritionalbenefit.Placingataxonsweetdrinksmaybeonestrategytoreducepeople’sconsumption.McGreenalsosuggeststhatpeopledevelopstrongself-controlofsoftdrinkconsumption.It’ssomethinghewantstoresearchfurther.Headds,“Iwouldalsoliketobanadvertisementsforsoftdrinksforsportsorprogramsthatappealtochildren.Itisspeciallyimportantforsportspeopletostopbeingwalkingbillboardsforjunkfoodanddrinks.”

4.Whatdothetwonewstudiesfocuson

A.Theharmofsugarydrinks.

B.Theconsumersofsugarydrinks.

C.Thepopularityofsugarydrinks.

D.Theprofitmadebysugarydrinks.

5.WhoaremostlikelytobuysugarydrinksaccordingtoMcGreen

A.Thosewhohaveagoodimpressionofsoftdrinks.

B.Thosewhocancontroltheirdesireswell.

C.Thosewhohaveagoodspendinghabit.

D.Thosewhohavenointerestinsoftdrinkadvertising.

6.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear

A.Entertainment.B.Education.C.Health.D.Sports.

【答案】4.B5.A6.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，兩項(xiàng)新的研究闡明了這一事實(shí)：我們當(dāng)中的某一部分人比其他人更容易受到含糖飲料的傷害，文章介紹了這兩項(xiàng)研究，最后提出了減少人們消費(fèi)軟飲料的一些建議。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Twonewstudiesshedlightonthefactthatsomeofuseasilyfallvictimtotheharmsofsugarydrinksthanothers.(兩項(xiàng)新的研究闡明了這一事實(shí)：我們當(dāng)中的某一部分人比其他人更容易受到含糖飲料的傷害)”可知，這兩項(xiàng)研究都是關(guān)注喝含糖飲料的人，故選B。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thestudyshowedthatthemoreunconsciouspositivejudgmentsindividualshadofsoftdrinkadvertising,themoresoftdrinktheyconsumed.(研究表明，人們對軟飲料廣告無意識積極評價越多，他們就會喝更多的軟飲料)”可知，根據(jù)McGreen的調(diào)查，那些對軟飲料有良好印象的人最有可能購買含糖飲料。故選A。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Twonewstudiesshedlightonthefactthatsomeofuseasilyfallvictimtotheharmsofsugarydrinksthanothers.(兩項(xiàng)新的研究闡明了這一事實(shí)：我們當(dāng)中的某一部分人比其他人更容易受到含糖飲料的傷害)”可知，文章介紹了兩項(xiàng)關(guān)于軟飲料的研究開展過程以及建議少喝軟飲料。由此推知，文章選自報紙的“健康”部分。故選C。

C

Peopleoftencallmusicauniversallanguage,butdocertainsongsreallycausethesamementalimagesinourmindsScientistsatPrincetonfindthatwhilemusicabsolutelycanstimulate(激發(fā))similarmentalexperiences,theresultsalsostronglysuggestcultureisamajorfactor.

Atotalof622peopletookpartinthestudy.Allofthevolunteerscamefromoneofthreelocations:twosuburbancollegetownsintheUS(oneinArkansasandtheotherinMichigan),ortheruralChinesevillageofDimen.It’sworthnotingthatthemainlanguageinDimenisDong,atonallanguageunrelatedtotheofficiallanguageofChina.LocalstherehavelittlecontactwithWesternmediaorcultureatall.Allparticipantslistenedtotheexactsame