高中英語Unit1WomenofachievementSectionⅡWarmingUpReading-LanguagePoints課時作業(yè)（含解析）新人教版必修4

/08/8/課時作業(yè)(二)Unit1WomenofachievementSectionⅡWarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePoints(本欄目內容，在學生用書中以獨立形式分冊裝訂！)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．TheteenagerfromtheUnitedStateswaswidely________(respect)forwhatshehaddone.答案：respected2．__________(inspire)byherexample，many youngpeoplearedeterminedtoworkasastronauts.答案：Inspired3．Manyyoungpeoplewenttothecenterforhappinessand__________(entertain)．答案：entertainment4．ThewomanscientistwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforphysicsforthosegreat__________(achieve)madebyher.答案：achievements5．Atthattime，LinQiaozhiwasoneofthemostfamousmedical__________(special)inChina.答案：specialists6．Itisgenerallybelievedthatthereisa__________(connect)betweensmokingandlungcancer.答案：connection7．InternationalCommitteeoftheRedCrossisoneofthebiggestinternational__________(organize)intheworld.答案：organizations8．Thelittlegirlwaspraisedbyherteacherforhergood__________(behave)．答案：behaviour9.Hislazinessmakesitimpossibleforhim____________(achieve)hisgoal.答案：toachieve10．Theoldmanenteredtheroom__________(support)byhisgrandson.答案：supportedⅡ.閱讀理解AVanessaBerlowitz，whostudiedscienceat OxfordUniversity，nowworksasaproducerforBBC.SheBBC.Shehasworkedonmanynaturedocumentaries，includingthe2006BBCprogramPlanetEarth.Forthisseries，shetravelledaroundtheworldtofilmtheworld’sgreatestmountains.Thejobofseriesproducerisverycomplex(復雜的)．ForFrozenPlanet，aseven-partseriesthatexploreswhatlifeislikeontheNorthandSouthPoles，Berlowitzhadtodecidewhenandwheretofilm.Shealsohadtodecidehowtotellthestory.Everyday，shehelpedsetupthecameras，whichcantakehours.Withthecrew(工作人員)，sheoftenspenthoursquietlylookingorwaitingforanimals.Shetalkedaboutthedaythecrewfinallyfoundapolarbearandhercubs(幼崽)．“Amotherpolarbearwashavingahardtimefindingfoodforhercubs.Butthelittlecubswereplaying，whichmadeherhuntdifficult.Iwascryingwithlaughterwhensheputoneofthelittlecubsinaholesoshecouldhunt.Ithought，thisiswhatmothersdo！”Berlowitzisoneofveryfewserieswomen producers.Shehopesmorewomenwillbecomeproducersinthefuture.Shesaid：“Asproducers，youdonothavetobeveryphysicallystrong，butyouhavetobehappytogotoextremeareas.”Berlowitzenjoysseeingnewpartsoftheworldandfilmingthingsmanypeoplehaveneverseenbefore.Butthebestpartofherworkishearing from the people who watch herdocumentaries.“Igotawonderfulemailfromaneleven-year-oldgirlfromIran.Shewassoexcitedthatwomendojobslikemine.Shewantstotryandfollowmyexample.Shewrotemeabeautifulpoem，whichwasaboutthepolarbearfilm.Itmademecrywithjoy，”shesaid.語篇解讀本文是記敘文。文章主要介紹了女性電視制片人Berlowitz。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutBerlowitz’swork?A．Ittakestimeandpatience.B．Italwaysputsherindanger.C．Itneedstobedoneindependently.D．Ithasnothingtodowithhermajor.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內容可知，Berlowitz是自然紀錄片的制片人，再根據(jù)第二段中的shehelpedsetupthecameras，whichcantakehours和sheoftenspenthoursquietlylookingorwaitingforanimals可知，Berlowitz的工作需要大量的時間和足夠的耐心。答案：A2．WhatfeelingdidBerlowitzexpressfromherobservationofbears?A．Pity. B．Worry.C．Fun. D．Pride.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Iwascryingwithlaughter可知，Berlowitz覺得熊媽媽和幼崽的行為很好笑，都笑哭了。答案：C3．WhatdidBerlowitzsaytopossibleproducers?A．Growastrongbody.B．Bepleasedtogototerribleplaces.C．Bepreparedtotravelaroundtheworld.D．Learntodealwithextremeweatherconditions.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的youhavetobehappytogotoextremeareas可知，在Berlowitz看來，想成為一名制片人，需要樂意去世界上一些極端的地區(qū)。答案：B4．WhydidBerlowitztalkabouttheIraniangirl?A．Todescribeherhopeforthelittlegirl.B．ToproveFrozenPlanet’shugeinfluence.C．Toexplainshesetagoodexampleforgirlsworldwide.D．Toshowheraudience’spositiveresponsemeansalottoher.解析：推理判斷題。最后一段提到來自伊朗的女孩給Berlowitz寫的電子郵件是為了說明上一段中的Butthebestpartofherworkishearingfromthe people whowatch herdocumentaries。由此可知，Berlowitz認為觀眾的肯定和認可對她來說意義非凡。答案：DBDoyoulikedoingexercise?Afterlongexercise，itwouldseemthatpeopleshouldhavemorefoodthanbefore.Butactually，itisnotthecase!Mostpeopleeatlessafterit.Sowhy?MaybewecouldfindanswersfromYoung-HwanJo.Young-HwanJowasascientist.HeworkedattheEinsteinCollegeofMedicineinNewYorkCity.Itoccurredtohimthatheatmightbethereason.“Exerciseincreasesbodytemperature，”heexplained.Joandhisteamstudiedthebrainandfocusedonthebrain’shypothalamus(下丘腦)whichproduceshormones—chemicalsthattravelinbloodtoreachevendistantpartsofthebody.Withinthem，smallgroupsofnervecells，includingthearcuatenucleus(弓狀核)，performdifferentfunctions.Itisagroupofcellswhichareimportantincontrollinghunger.Jo’steammadeexperimentswithmice.Theyfoundthatbraincellsinthearcuatenucleusrespondedtoachemicalcalledcapsaicin(辣椒素)．ItpassesthatheatbytheTRPV1receptor(辣椒素受體)，whichcansensetemperature.AndcellsinthearcuatenucleushaveplentyofTRPV1receptors.Jo’steamputsomecapsaicininthearcuatenucleusofmaleandfemalemice.TheyfoundthatwhenitmetwiththeTRPV1receptorsthere，themiceateless.ThenJoandhisworkmatespreventedthesereceptorsinthebrainsofthemiceandtheanimalsatenormally.Theresearchersthentrainedtheanimalstorunfor40minutesatatime，Aftereachexercise，theirbodytemperaturesclimbed.Andthemiceateless.“Peopleknowthatafterexercisetheyarenotwillingtoeat，”Joobserved.“Thiscouldbeoneofthereasons.”Josaidthatwhenitcametotheanswer，TRPV1“couldbejustapart.”語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了一項研究解釋了為什么我們長時間地運動后并不會非常餓。5．Theresearchersfocusedonthebrain’shypothalamusmainlybecause__________.A．theywerefamiliarwithitB．cellsproducedbyitwerethekeytothestudyC．hypothalamuscouldreacheverypartofthebodyD．itsnervecellsperformeddifferentfunctionsinbodies解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Joandhisteamstudiedthebrainandfocusedonthebrain’shypothalamus...whichareimportantincontrollinghunger.”可知，他們研究下丘腦，是因為下丘腦產(chǎn)生的一種細胞是此項研究的關鍵。 答案：B6．WhathappenedaftertheTRPV1receptorsinthebrainsofthemicewereprevented?A．Themicefeltnoheat.B．Themiceateasmuchasusual.C．Themicecouldsensecapsaicinbetter.D．Themice’sbehaviorswereuncontrolled.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“ThenJoandhisworkmatespreventedthesereceptorsinthebrainsofthemiceandtheanimalsatenormally.”可知，在這種情況下那些老鼠的胃口沒有受到影響，和之前吃的一樣多。答案：B7．Whatwilltheresearchersmostprobablyconcludefromthestudy?A．Eatingcapsaicincanmakepeoplekeepfit.B．TRPV1isthemainreasonforhavinglessfood.C．Takinglongexercisecanhelppeopleloseweight.D．Bodyheatcausedbyexercisemakespeopleeatless.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Aftereachexercise，theirbodytemperaturesclimbed.Andthemiceateless.”可知，研究人員最有可能得出的結論是運動所產(chǎn)生的體熱導致人們吃的較少。答案：DⅢ.完形填空Mostpeoplethinkthatheroesbeatbadguysand__1__people，butthat’snotwhatmyherodoes.Mymotherismyhero，andshemeanseverythingtome.Mymomisverycaring.Inadditiontome，shetakescareofmygrandfather，whois84yearsold.Hebrokeoneofhis__2__tenyearsago，soheneedsto__3__astickwhenheiswalking.Mymomlooksafterhim__4__.Shetakesmygrandfathertothe__5__andbuyshimsomemedicine.Sheisalwaysthereforhim.Anotherexampleofmymom’scaringisher__6__ ofmylovefordance.Ihavebeenonourschool’s__7__teamforthreeyearsandIknowitcostsalotofmoney，butshehasnevercomplained.Andmymomhashelpedourteamalot.Anotherreasonwhymymomismyheroisthatsheissoloving.She __8__mylittlecousinTony.Atfirst，he__9__withhismomandtwobrothersandwashavingahardtime，__10__mymomdecidedtohelpbydoingthat.Beforethat，hehadbeenfailingtheexamsandgettinginto__11__allthetime.Sincehemovedinwithus，thesituationhasbeen__12__.Hestartedpassingtheexamsanddidgreat.Mymomisnotonlycaringandloving，butsheisalso__13__.Shehastotakecareofthreekids.Mymomdoeseverythingto__14__allofusaredoingwhatweshouldbe.Shealso__15__herstrengthwhenshe__16__fromheartproblemsatage38.Thedoctortoldmymomthatshehadtohaveanoperation.Iwasso__17__whenhearingthisnews，becauseI knewitisso__18__！However，itturnedouttobethatmymomacted __19__andnowthingsarebetter.Theseareallthereasonswhymymomismy__20__.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了媽媽為什么是“我”的英雄。1．A.encourage B．saveC．understand D．educate解析：根據(jù)本空前的Mostpeoplethinkthat heroesbeatbadguys可知，大多數(shù)人認為英雄打敗壞人并救(save)人。答案：B2．A.legs B．a(chǎn)rmsC．hands D．ears解析：根據(jù)本空后的．..astickwhenheiswalking.可知，十年前爺爺?shù)囊粭l腿(leg)骨折了。答案：A3．A.use B．findC．make D．buy解析：上文說爺爺?shù)囊粭l腿骨折了，所以他走路時用(use)一根拐棍。答案：A4．A.carefully B．sadlyC．excitedly D．a(chǎn)nxiously解析：根據(jù)本空后的Shetakesmygrandfathertothe...andbuyshimsomemedicine.可知，媽媽總是細心地(carefully)照顧爺爺。答案：A5.A．bank B．parkC．cinema D．hospital解析：根據(jù)后面的buyshimsomemedicine.可知，媽媽應該是帶著爺爺去醫(yī)院(hospital)。答案：D6．A.plan B．opportunityC．wish D．support解析：根據(jù)本空后的．..Andmymomhashelped ourteamalot.可知，媽媽支持(support)“我”對舞蹈的熱愛。答案：D7．A.sports B．exerciseC．dance D．training解析：上文說媽媽支持“我”對舞蹈的熱愛，此處是說“我”在舞蹈(dance)隊學習了三年。答案：C8．A.raised B．believedC．recognized D．protected解析：根據(jù)下文中的Sincehemovedinwithus...可知，媽媽撫養(yǎng)(raised)了“我”的堂弟。答案：A9．A.studied B．livedC．played D．worked解析：根據(jù)本空后的withhismomandtwobrothersandwashavingahardtime可知，堂弟以前是和他媽媽和兩個兄弟一起生活 (lived)。答案：B10．A.but B．becauseC．so D．though解析：根據(jù)本空前的havingahardtime可知，他們生活很困難，所以(so)媽媽決定撫養(yǎng)堂弟。答案：C11．A.danger B．bedC．trouble D．fear解析：根據(jù)本空前的hehadbeenfailingtheexams可知，堂弟考試不及格，陷入麻煩(trouble)之中。答案：C12．A.crea