Avpn-孟加拉國氣候行動的社會投資前景（英）-2023

SOCIAL

INVESTMENTLANDSCAPE

FOR

CLIMATEACTION

IN

BANGLADESHAbbreviationsGCFACIGreenClimateFundAdvancedChemicalIndustriesAsianDevelopmentBankGDPGEFADBAFOLUBCCSAPCCCGrossDomesticProductGlobalEnvironmentFacilityAgriculture,ForestandOtherLandUseBangladeshClimateChangeStrategyandActionPlanClimateChangeCellGHGGNIGreenhouseGasGrossNationalIncomeGTFCOPDAEConferenceofthePartiesGreenTransformationFundHAIDirectAccessEntityHumanAssetsIndexECCCPEECMPETSHFFExtendedCommunityClimateChangeProjectEf?ciencyandConservationMasterPlanEmissionsTrading

SystemHaorandFlashFloodsICCCADICTInternationalCenterforClimateChangeandDevelopmentInformationCommunicationsTechnologyInfrastructureDevelopmentCompanyLimitedInternationalFinanceCorporationInternationalFood

PolicyResearchInstituteLeastDevelopedCountryEUIDCOLIFCEuropeanUnionEVIEnvironmentalVulnerabilityIndexFood

andAgriculturalOrganizationFixedChimneyKilnFAOIFPRILDCFCKFYLDCFFiscalYearLeastDevelopedCountriesFund2

|

www.avpn.asiaAbbreviationsUKMCPPMujibClimateProsperityPlanUnitedKingdomMWMegawattUNUnitedNationsNAPNAPANDCODAPKSFPPCRPVNationalAdaptationPlanUNCDFUNDPUNEPUNFCCCURBUnitedNationsCapitalDevelopmentFundUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgrammeUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgrammeUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChangeUrbanAreaNationalAdaptationProgrammeofActionNationallyDeterminedContributionsOverseasDevelopmentAidPalliKarma-SahayakFoundationPilotProgramforClimateResiliencePhotovoltaicUSRMGSDCReady-madeGarmentsUnitedStatesSwissAgencyforDevelopmentandCooperationSolarHouseSystemUSAIDVCSUnitedStatesAgencyforInternationalDevelopmentVeri?edCarbonStandardSHSSREDASREPSWMSustainableAndRenewableEnergyDevelopmentAuthorityScalingUpRenewableEnergyProjectSouthwesternCoastalAreaandSundarbansWASHWFPWater,

SanitationandHygieneWorldFood

Programme3

|

www.avpn.asiaKey

De?nitionsBackgroundandConceptsClimate-related

hazardsClimate

VulnerabilityAdaptationInvolvesadjustinglifetoactualorexpectedclimatechange(i)Drought-atemporaryreductioninmoistureavailabilitysigni?cantlybelowthenormalforaspeci?edperiod(ii)Flood-anover?owofwaterthatsubmergeslandthatisusuallydryThesusceptibilitytoexternalstresses,includingexposuretorisk,sensitivitytothatrisk,andadaptivecapacity(iii)Cyclone-atmosphericdisturbancesaroundalow-pressureareadistinguishedby

swiftandoftendestructiveaircirculation(iv)Sealevelriseandsalinity-increaseinsealevelandconcentrationofalldissolvedsaltsinwater(v)Erosion-thewearingawaytopsoilby

waterorwind(vi)Flash?oods-

whenrunofffromexcessive

rainfallcausesarapidriseinthewaterheight

ofastreamornormally-drychannelMitigationClimate

ResilienceReducingemissionsandstabilizingthelevelsofheat-trappinggreenhousegassesintheatmosphereTheabilitytoabsorbshocksandtoadaptbothinadvanceandinreactiontoshocks.Source:TheWorldBank,NASA,NationalAdaptationPlanofBangladesh2023-2050,WHO,USGS,WorldMeteorologicalOrganization4

|

www.avpn.asiaTable

of

ContentsTable

of

ContentsAbbreviations5-67Key

De?nitionsTable

of

Contents8Fast

Facts

Summary9-101.

State

of

Climate

Action

in

Bangladesh11-2411-1819-2122-2425-4626-3637-4243-4647-5948-531.1VulnerabilityofBangladeshto

ClimateChange1.2MappingOutPastProgressinClimateAction1.3CombatingtheClimateCrisisinBangladesh2.

Climate

Action:

Bangladesh

and

Its

Uncertain

Future2.1SustainableCommunitiesand

ClimateChange2.2Decarbonization2.3ClimateResilience3.

How

Bangladesh

Can

Turn

the

Tides3.1StakeholderMappingforClimateActionInterventions3.2RecommendationsforClimateChangeInterventions5

|

www.avpn.asiaFast

Facts

SummaryDespite

contributing

a

meager

0.51%

of

the

total

greenhouse

gas

(GHG)

emissions

in

the

world,Bangladesh

ranks

7th

on

the

global

climate

risk

index.

Plagued

by

acute

environmental

af?ictions,

thenation

ranks

9th

globally

in

number

of

deaths

triggered

by

climate

induced

disasters.

The

country'snaturally?atandlow-lyingtopographyinconjunctionwithitshighpopulationdensity(1,119peopleper

s.q.km)

and

poverty

levels

augments

its

vulnerability

to

climate

change;

and

threatens

its

developmenttrajectory.Over

the

years,

Bangladesh

has

substantially

advanced

in

enabling

climate

resilient

sustainabledevelopment,

through

the

formulation

and

subsequent

implementation

of

required

policies

andframeworks.

National

level

adaptive

efforts

include

the

Bangladesh

Climate

Change

Strategy

and

ActionPlan(BCCSAP,

2009),BangladeshDeltaPlan2100,MujibClimateProsperityPlanandNationalAdaptationPlan

2023-2050

amongst

others.

However

without

further

accelerated

and

coordinated

public-privateinterventions,

therapidlychangingclimatescenemighttriggerexpectedlossesof1.1%ofGDPannuallyin

a

moderate

scenario;

and

up

to

2%

annual

losses

in

extreme

climate

conditions.The

‘Climate

Action

in

Bangladesh’

study

aims

to

build

a

comprehensive

outlook

on

the

current

statusquo

of

climate

interventions

in

Bangladesh

by

diving

into

the:

i)

repercussions

of

climate

change

onlivelihood

outcomes,

ii)

active

efforts

towards

decarbonization

and

transition

to

renewable

energy

and

iii)climate

resilience

efforts

for

green

growth.

Through

this

thorough

analysis,

the

report

aims

to

outlineinitiativesandpotentialpartnershipstoguideChevron’ssustainabilityefforts.Workshops6

|

www.avpn.asiaFast

Facts

SummaryClimate

Af?ictions

&

Sustainable

CommunitiesWith

the

anticipated

destabilizing

increases

in

average

annual

temperature

and

rainfall,

regions

acrossBangladesh

will

be

more

prone

to

climate-induced

disasters.

This

will

trigger

deteriorating

impacts

forvulnerablecommunities.Education:

Natural

disasters

break

down

school

infrastructure

halting

teaching

cycles

and

leading

to

loss

ofeducationHealth:

Extreme

heat,

high

salinity

and

waterlogging

can

lead

to

heat

strokes,

respiratory

diseases,

dengue,reproductivecomplexitiesandmentalhealthproblemsamongstothersGender:

Climate

change

implications

are

not

gender

neutral

and

disproportionately

threatens

female

health,jobsecurityandempowermentLivelihood:

Vulnerable

communities

are

likely

to

face

loss

of

income

with

anticipated

losses

in

livestock

andcropsandforcedmigrationsDecarbonization

&

Renewable

EnergyCarbon

trading

is

still

a

large

nascent

concept

in

the

sub-continent

with

non-existential

active

efforts.However,

there

is

active

public

sector

enthusiasm

for

implementation

of

carbon

pricing

mechanisms

inWorkshopsBangladesh,withthegovernment

targeting

to

introduce

a

5%

carbon

tax

by

2025.7

|

www.avpn.asiaFast

Facts

SummaryClimate

Resilience

for

Green

GrowthDue

to

climate

hazards

and

geographic

factors,

Bangladesh

is

losing

1.75%

of

its

arable

land

everyyear.There

are

active

adaptive

processes

to

mitigate

this

food

security

threat

through

increased

uptake

offarm

mechanization,

high

usage

of

bio

fertilizers,

adoption

of

renewable

energy

and

contract

farming.However,

barrierssuchasinadequate

access

to

?nance,

insuf?cient

access

to

training

for

mechanizationservices

and

market

information

asymmetries

impede

resilience

efforts.The

Way

Forward

for

Public-Private

CollaborationBased

on

the

?ndings

of

the

study,

possible

trajectories

that

public-private

interventions

could

takeinclude:1.Public-private

collaborations

to

mobilize

green

green

investments

through

blended

?nanceinstrumentsorco-investmentsinrenewableenergy2.3.4.Publicadvocacysessionsanddialoguearoundknowledge

and

tools

for

green

growthSupportingsustainableagribusinessestoboost

green

growth

and

sustainable

practicesInvestment

in

early

stage

climate

initiatives

to

facilitate

green

entrepreneurship

and

climatesmart

ideas5.Leading

disaster

relief

interventions

in

times

of

natural

disasters

to

rescue

climate

vulnerablecommunitiesWorkshops8

|

www.avpn.asia1.

State

of

ClimateAction

in

Bangladesh9

|

www.avpn.asiaMacroeconomic

Snapshot

of

BangladeshWith

the

goal

to

graduate

from

LDC

in

2024,BangladeshEconomySettoGraduateLDCStatusin2026Bangladeshisprospering●●Globally,Bangladeshisthe41st

largest

economy

andoneofthefastestgrowingcountries,

havingan

annualGDP

growth

rate

of

6.40%

in2022.In2021,BangladeshsurpassedIndiaintermsofGDPpercapita(currentlyvaluedatUSD

2,824

in

2022).GDP

Indicators

for

BangladeshUSD

416.3USD

2,8246.40%BnIn2022thecountry’sexports

stood

at

USD

52.1

Bn.Thetotal

budget

expenditure

allocatedfortheFY2023isvaluedatUSD

63.4

Bn.

Bangladeshhasalsoundertakenvariousmegainfrastructureprojects,leadingthecountry’sdebt

as

a

percentage

of

GDP

tobe

38%

in

2021.GDPPerCapitainFY2022RealGDPGrowthinFY2022Total

GDPinFY2021Other

Macroeconomic

Indicators●Avertingslowdownsintheglobaleconomydueto

theCovid-19pandemic,theBangladesheconomyhasbeenanoutperformeramongitsSouthAsianpeers,andisset

to

graduate

from

its

LDC

status

in

2026.

Thecountryisalsopredictedtobecomethe

24th

largesteconomy

in

the

world

by

2036.USD

52.1

BnUSD

90.6

BnUSD

63.4

BnExportsinFY2022(80%

contributedbyRMGsector)Total

BudgetExpenditureforFY2023Total

NetDomesticBorrowinginFY2022Source:WorldBank,LightCastlePartnersBangladeshEconomicReview2022,CEBR,TheBusinessStandard10

|

www.avpn.asiaClimate

Vulnerability

of

BangladeshLoomingThreatofClimateChangeImpedestheNation’sGrowthGlobal

Ranking

of

BangladeshLocal

Rami?cations0.6USD

11.3

BnMetrictonnesofCO2emissionspercapitain2019LossesinGDPduetoclimatehazards7th3,917,184Peopleaffectedby

?oodsin2017GlobalClimateRiskIndex5-6k9thHectaresoflanderodedbyPadma-JamunariveryearlyIndeathsglobally,duetoclimatedisastersGlobally,

as

of

2021

Bangladesh

ranks

7th

in

the

Climate

Risk

Index

(CRI),

eventhough

the

country’s

per

capita

CO2

emissions

amount

to

only

0.6

metric

tonnes.This

disproportionate

aggregation

of

climate

hazards

results

in

losses

in

GDPtallying

up

to

USD

11.3

Bn,

making

Bangladesh

one

of

the

most

vulnerable

countriesintermsofclimatechange.479,49037thInlossesinGDPannuallyduetoclimatedisastersTotal

fatalitiesduetocyclonessince1965Source:Germanwatch(2021),AsianDevelopmentBank,,NationalAdaptationPlanofBangladesh2023-2050*InformationregardingUSA’sCRIrankingnotavailableGeographical

Factors

Contributing

to

Bangladesh’s

Climate

SensitivityBangladesh’sClimateVulnerabilityStemsfromVariousTopographicFactorsThelow-lying?atlandsofBangladesh,cutacrossby

majordrainagesystemsoftheBrahmaputra,GangesandMeghnaRiverscombinedwithitsfunnelshapedsoutherncoastmake

thecountrypronetonaturalcalamitiessuchascyclones,

storm

surges,

and?ash

?oods.TheNorthandNortheasternpartsofthecountryaresubjecttofrequent

droughts,whiletheEasternpartsofSylhetandChattogramaresusceptibleto

earthquakesand

landslides.Source:ClimateRiskIndex2021,AsianDevelopmentBank:BangladeshClimateandDisasterRiskAtlasIII12

|

www.avpn.asiaSocioeconomic

Factors

In?uencing

Bangladesh’s

Climate

ConditionBangladeshisStillaDevelopingCountrywithLimitedResourcesBangladesh’s

socioeconomic

makeup

also

contributes

to

itsclimate

vulnerability.

The

country

has

one

of

the

highestpopulation

densities,

with

1,119

people

per

s.q.

km

in

theworld

and

one

of

the

largest

overall

populations,

with

166.3Mn

people.

The

resulting

race

to

match

food

production

tothe

growing

number

of

people

leads

to

higher

emissions

ofgreenhousegases.166.3

MnTotal

PopulationMakingBangladeshthe8th

largestpopulation

intheworld1,119peoplepers.qkmLeadingtothe10th

highest

populationdensity

globallyAdditionally,

61%

of

the

population

(approximately

105Mnpeople)

is

still

residing

in

rural

areas,

where

there

is

moredependency

on

natural

resources

and

agriculture.

Thismakes

a

greater

percentage

of

the

total

population

morevulnerabletoclimateaf?ictions.61%RuralPopulationSigni?cantlyhigherthantheglobalaverage

of

43%37.7%Leadingtoahigher

insecurity

oflivelihood

oftheworkforceEmployment

inagricultureSource:TheWorldBank,TheimplicationsofPopulationGrowthandClimateChangeonSustainableDevelopmentinBangladesh,CIRDAP13

|

www.avpn.asiaFinancial

Factors

Supporting

Bangladesh’s

Climate

ResilienceInternationalStreamsBolsterClimateActionintheCountryAs

of

2022,

the

Green

Climate

Fund

in

Bangladesh

has

approved

USD

374.0

Mn

across

?ve

projects

focusing

on

climate

resilient

infrastructure,clean

cooking,

?ood

protection,

promoting

private

sector

investment

in

the

climate

space,

and

enhancing

the

adaptive

capacities

of

women

incoastal

areas.

Two

national

organizations

have

been

established

as

Direct

Access

Entities,

including

the

Palli

Karma

Sahayak

Foundation

(PKSF)

andInfrastructureDevelopmentCompany(IDCOL).Green

Climate

FundUnder

the

Climate

Investments

Fund,

the

Pilot

Programme

for

Climate

Resilience

(PPCR)

was

established

with

the

aim

to

support

developingcountries

in

integrating

climate

resilience

into

their

development

planning.

PPCR

has

approved

11projectsin

Bangladesh

with

a

total

fund

of

USD176.66

Mn

and

a

further

USD

1,049.01

Mn

in

co-?nancing.

Under

this

fund,

Scaling

Up

Renewable

Energy

Program

for

Bangladesh

(SREP)

has

alsodisbursedUSD

75.0

Mningrantsandlow-cost?nancingtocatalyseutilityscalerenewableenergyprojectsandoff-gridsolarmarketsinthecountry.Climate

InvestmentsFundThe

Global

Environment

Facility

(GEF)

has

supported

the

Least

Developed

Countries

Fund

(LDCF)

to

address

the

special

needs

of

the

LeastDeveloped

Countries

(LDCs)

under

the

Climate

Convention.

In

Bangladesh,

the

Least

Developed

Countries

Fund

has

approved

a

total

of

USD34.4Mn,across7

projects.Least

DevelopedCountries

FundBilateral

assistance

has

also

been

a

major

source

of

climate

?nancing

in

Bangladesh,

with

primary

support

being

in

the

form

of

OverseasDevelopment

Assistance.

Notable

contributors

include

U.S.

Agency

for

International

Development

(USAID)

in

the

United

States,

DeutscheGesellschaft

für

Internationale

Zusammenarbeit

(GIZ)

in

Germany,

Department

for

International

Development

(DFID)

in

the

UK

and

Swiss

Agencyfor

Development

and

Cooperation

(SDC)

in

Switzerland.

Projects

implemented

through

bilateral

assistance

include

Foundations

Call

(DFID),Accelerating

Development

of

Abiotic

Stress

Tolerant

Rice

and

Wheat

(USAID)

and

Community

Based

Sustainable

Management

of

Tanguar

Haor(SDC).Bilateral

AssistanceMultilateralMultilateral

Development

Banks

such

as

the

World

Bank,

Asian

Development

Bank

(ADB)

and

multiple

UN

organizations

such

as

United

NationsDevelopment

Programme

(UNDP),

United

Nations

Environment

Programme

(UNEP),

Food

and

Agriculture

Organization

(FAO)

and

United

NationsDevelopment

Partners

Capital

Development

Fund

(UNCDF)

have

been

instrumental

in

spearheading

development

in

the

country.

The

World

Bank

and

ADB

haveestablishedspecial?nancingfacilitiesinBangladeshtopromotelow-carbon,climateresilientdevelopment.Source:TheWorldBank,TheimplicationsofPopulationGrowthandClimateChangeonSustainableDevelopmentinBangladesh,CIRDAPFinancial

Factors

Supporting

Bangladesh’s

Climate

ResilienceDomesticResourcesFinancingClimateActioninBangladeshThe

revenue

budget

is

?nanced

from

domestic

revenues

and

is

allocated

to

pay

for

government

operations.

The

Ministry

of

Finance,

therefore,Revenue

Budgetprovides

support

to

different

line

ministries

to

implement

climate

relevant

projects.

Climate

relevant

allocation

to

the

ministries

in

the

?scalyear2020-2021amountedtoapproximately

USD

2.34

Bn.In

2009,

the

Bangladesh

Climate

Change

Trust

Fund

was

established

to

implement

the

interventions

laid

out

in

the

BCCSAP,

and

is

resourcedfrom

revenues

from

the

annual

non-development

budget.

Between

2009

and

2020,

a

total

of

approximately

USD

450

Mn

has

been

allocated

tothefundtosupportclimateactioninthecountry.Bangladesh

ClimateChange

Trust

FundIn

2016,

the

Bangladesh

Bank

launched

the

Green

Transformation

Fund,

which

is

a

USD

200

Mn

re?nancing

scheme

to

supportenvironmentally

friendly

initiatives.

The

GTF

facilitates

access

to

?nance

for

importing

capital

machinery

and

accessories

forenvironment-friendly

initiatives,

such

as

water

use

ef?ciency

in

wet

processing,

water

conservation

and

management,

waste

management,resource

ef?ciency

and

recycling,

renewable

energy,

energy

ef?ciency,

heat

and

temperature

management,

air

ventilation

and

circulationef?ciency,andworkenvironmentimprovementinitiatives.Green

TransformationFundSustainable

FinancePolicies

for

Banks

andFinancial

InstitutionsThe

Bangladesh

Bank

has

also

instructed

banking

and

non-banking

?nancial

institutions

in

Bangladesh

to

dedicate

10%

of

their

CSR

fundingtowardsaClimateRiskFund,whichprovidedthefoundationforthesustainable?nancepoliciesforbanksand?nancialinstitutions.TotalfatalitiesduetocyclonesSource:TheWorldBank,TheimplicationsofPopulationGrowthandClimateChangeonSustainableDevelopmentinBangladesh,CIRDAPsince1965Implications

of

LDC

Graduation

on

Climate

FinancingBangladeshToSeeaDecreaseinOverseasDevelopmentAssistanceLDC

Graduation

Criteria:

Bangladesh

OutlookClimate

Financing

and

LDC

Graduation●●LDC

graduation

will

have

a

direct

impact

on

climate?nancing,

as

graduated

countries

lose

access

to

LDCspeci?cfunding.USD

1,82776.626.8EnvironmentalVulnerabilityIndex,2022GNIpercapita,2022HumanAssetsIndex2022For

Bangladesh,

this

will

mean

losing

access

to

theLeast

Developed

Countries

Fund

and

the

GreenClimate

Fund,

which

have

funded

climateinterventions

worth

USD

34.4

Mn

and

USD

374.0

Mnrespectively.Required:AboveUSD

1,222Required:Above66Required:Below32Bangladesh

is

set

to

graduate

from

its

LDC

status

in

2026,

aftermeeting

the

three

criteria

set

forth

by

the

Committee

forDevelopment

Policy,

namely

the

Gross

National

Income

(GNI),Human

Assets

Index

(HAI),

and

Economic

and

EnvironmentalVulnerabilityIndex(EVI).●●Other

bilateral

and

multilateral

ODAs

can

also

beexpected

to

decrease

alongside

the

country’sgraduationfromLDCstatus.It

is

to

be

noted

that

domestic

resources,

however,that

of

the

government’s

allocation

of

6-7%

of

theannual

budget

to

climate

resilience,

75%

isdomestically

funded.However,

with

LDC

graduation,

Bangladesh

is

expected

to

see

afallintheOverseasDevelopmentAssistance(ODA)

received.Source:CentreforPolicyDialogue,DepartmentofEconomicandSocialA?airs,CommitteeforDevelopmentPolicy(2022),TheDailyStar16

|

www.avpn.asiaIn

order

to

tackle

the

adverse

effects

of

climate

change,coupled

with

the

expected

fall

in

ODA,

Bangladesh

hastaken

several

initiatives

following

the

global

frameworks

oftheParisAgreement,theSDGsandtheSendaiFramework.This

has

fostered

an

environment

for

collaboration

amongthepublic,privateanddevelopmentsectors.17

|

www.avpn.asiaTimeline

of

Climate

Action

Initiatives

in

BangladeshAnOverviewofClimateActioninBangladeshThroughtheYearsSubmission

of

NationalPreparation

of

National

AdaptationCommunication

to

UNFCCCProgramme

of

Action

(NAPA)Passing

of

Bangladesh

ClimateChange

Trust

ActTheNAPA

isthe?rstcountrywideclimatechangeprogramthatencompassestheimmediateandurgentadaptationactivitiesofBangladeshAnActtoestablishaTrustAsasignatoryoftheUNFCCC,Bangladeshful?lleditscommitmenttotheConferenceofPartiesbysubmittingitsinitialnationalcommunicationredresstheadverseimpactofclimatechangeonBangladesh.ThisledtotheestablishmentoftheClimateChangeTrust

Fund20042009200220052010Issue

of

Bangladesh

ClimateEstablishment

of

ClimateChange

Strategy

and

ActionPlan

(BCCSAP)

and

ClimateTrust

FundChange

Cell

(CCC)UndertheDepartmentofEnvironment,theCCCwasestablishedtostreamlinegovernmentactivitiesregardingclimatechangeInviewofCOP2009,theBCCSAPwaslaunchedinBangladesh.TheBangladeshClimateTrust

FundwasestablishedtoimplementinterventionsoftheBCCSAP18

|

www.avpn.asiaTimeline

of

Climate

Action

Initiatives

in

BangladeshAnOverviewofClimateActioninBangladeshThroughtheYearsFirst

Joint

Mission

with

ClimateInvestment

Funds

(CIFs)Submission

of

Nationally

Draft

of

Mujib

ClimateDeterminedProsperityContributions

(NDCs)Plan

(MCPP)TheCIFsinBangladesharefocusedinclimateresilience.ProgramsincludethePilotProgramforClimateResilience,ScalingupRenewableEnergyProgram,ForestInvestmentProgramUnderArticle4,TheMCPPoffersaParagraph2oftheParisAgreement,countriesaretosubmittheirNDCs,whichoutlinetheirlongtermgoalsmulti-sectoralinvestmentplanforclimate-resilientinfrastructure,cleanenergy,greenvaluechains,andlogistics201820222021Formulation

ofBangladesh

Delta

Plan2100

(BDP2100)Formulation

of

NationalAdaptation

Plan

of

Bangladesh2023-2050Entry

of

Green

ClimateFund

in

Bangladesh(GCF)UndertheGlobalGCF,Bangladeshcurrentlyhas7projectsleveragingUSD374MnacrossvulnerableareasinthecountryAdoptedwiththegoalofachievingasafe,climateresilient,andprosperousDelta,

proposingUS$38Bnby

2030AccordingtotheUNFCCC,129developingcountrieshaveinitiatedtheirNAPprocess,includingBangladesh,whichlauncheditsNAPin202219

|

www.avpn.asiaNational

Climate

Priorities

of

BangladeshAdaptedfromtheNationalAdaptationPlanofBangladesh(2022)●●●Enhanceclimateresiliencethroughadaptationmeasures

thatwillminimizedamage,supportnaturalresourcesmanagement,economicgrowthand,sustainablecommunitiesthroughmanagingwaterresourcesand

strengtheningdisasterreadiness.Priority

1:Ensure

protection

againstclimate

variability

andinduced

natural

disastersFocus

onclimatesmartagriculture,?sheriesandlivestock,managingsustainablevaluechainsforagro-inputsinvulnerableregionsandstrengtheningresearchonclimateresilientcropsandsmartagriculturepracticestocombatfoodinsecuritybroughtaboutby

climatechange.Priority

2:Develop

climate

resilientagriculture

for

food,

nutritionand

livelihood

securityDevelopsmartcitieswithastrongdrainagenetworkandwatermanagementinfrastructure,expandgreeninfrastructure,enhancerenewableenergymechanismsandbettermanagementofsolidwastes,improvehumanhealthandWASH

sectors,toreducedamageintheaftermathofclimatedisasters.Priority

3:Develop

climate

smartcities

for

improved

urbanwell-beingSource:NationalAdaptationPlanofBangladesh2023-205020

|

www.avpn.asiaNational

Climate

Priorities

of

BangladeshAdaptedfromtheNationalAdaptationPlanofBangladesh(2022)●●Implement

climateresilientforestry,wetland,biodiversityandecosystemservices,andcommunitybaseda?orestationandreforestationmeasurestopreservethecountry’secosystems.Priority

4:Promotion

of

nature

basedsolutions

for

conservation

offorestry

and

biodiversityIntegrateinclusiveclimatechangeadaptationintoplanningthroughthenecessaryinstitutionalarrangements.Byachievingthisgoal,thegovernanceandinstitutionalcapacityofministries,departments,?nancialinstitutionsprivateorganizations,andNGOswillbebetterabletomobiliseclimate?nancing.Priority

5:Impart

good

governance

byincluding

adaptation

in

planning●Propeltransfor