英語六級考試真題長難句分析范例

1/17英語六級考試真題長難句分析范例1.六級真題長難句分析Recentresearchhasalsoshownthatindulginginahigh-fatandhigh-sugardietmayhavenegativeeffectsonyourbrain,causinglearningandmemorydeficits.【分析】本句主干是“Recentresearchhasalsoshown…”,其后為that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)indulginginahigh-fatandhigh-sugardiet為從句主語，謂語部分為mayhave，賓語effects后接后置定語onyourbrain，動詞現(xiàn)在分詞短語causinglearningandmemorydeficits作從句的伴隨狀語?！咀g文】最近的研究還表明，沉迷于高脂肪和高糖飲食可能會對大腦產(chǎn)生負面影響，導(dǎo)致學(xué)習(xí)和記憶受損。2.六級真題長難句分析Anotherstudyalsofoundeatingahigh-fatandhigh-sugarbreakfasteachdayforaslittleasfourdaysresultedinproblemswithlearningandmemorysimilartothoseobservedinoverweightandobeseindividuals.【分析】本句主干是“Anotherstudyalsofound…”,其后為省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語從句，動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)eatingahigh-fatandhigh-sugarbreakfasteachdayforaslittleasfourdays為從句主語，resultedin為謂語部分，賓語problems有兩個后置定語：介賓結(jié)構(gòu)withlearningandmemory以及形容詞短語similartothoseobservedinoverweightandobeseindividuals?！咀g文】另一項研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，每天吃一頓高脂肪、高糖的早餐，在區(qū)區(qū)四天內(nèi)就會導(dǎo)致學(xué)習(xí)和記憶方面的問題，這與超重和肥胖者的情況相似。3.六級真題長難句分析Nowanewstudyhasprovidedanothercontributiontothedebate,uncoveringstrongevidencethatadolescentwellbeingintheUnitedStatesreallyisexperiencingadeclineandarguingthatthemostlikelycauseistheelectronicricheswehavegiventhem.【分析】本句主干是“…anewstudyhasprovidedanothercontribution…”。Now是時間狀語，tothedebate是contribution的后置定語。并列的動詞現(xiàn)在分詞短語“uncovering…adecline”和“arguing…giventhem”作伴隨狀語。第一個現(xiàn)在分詞短語中包含that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，說明名詞evidence的具體內(nèi)容；第二個現(xiàn)在分詞短語中包含兩個從句，第一個是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，該從句中還有一個定語從句wehavegiventhem，修飾名詞短語theelectronicriches?！咀g文】現(xiàn)在，一項新的研究為這場辯論貢獻了另外的依據(jù)，揭示了有力證據(jù)，表明美國青少年幸福感確實正在下降，并認為最有可能的原因是我們給予他們的電子財富。4.六級真題長難句分析However,the“screentime”hypothesis,advancedbyresearcherssuchasJeanTwenge,isthatelectronicdevicesandexcessivetimespentonlinemayhavereversedthesetrendsinrecentyears,causingproblemsforyoungpeople’spsychologicalhealth.

【分析】本句主干是“…the‘screentime’hypothesis…is…”，中間的插入語advancedbyresearcherssuchasJeanTwenge的作用相當于一個定語從句，修飾說明hypothesis，主句系動詞is之后是that引導(dǎo)的表語從句，從句中的causingproblemsforyoungpeople’spsychologicalhealth為伴隨狀語?！咀g文】然而，讓·特文格等研究人員提出的“屏幕時間”假設(shè)是，近年來，電子設(shè)備和過多的在線時間可能扭轉(zhuǎn)了這些趨勢，給年輕人的心理健康帶來了問題。5.六級真題長難句分析Thedatawasslightlycomplicatedbythefactthattherewasatendencyforkidswhoweresocialintherealworldtoalsousemoreonlinecommunication,butbybracketingoutdifferentcasesitbecameclearthatthereal-worldsocialitycomponentcorrelatedwithgreaterwellbeing,whereasgreatertimeonscreensoronlineonlycorrelatedwithpoorerwellbeing.【分析】本句主干是“Thedatawasslightlycomplicated…，but…itbecameclear…”，即該句為but連接的并列句。第一個分句中含有多個復(fù)合句：that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句說明fact的內(nèi)容，定語從句whoweresocialintherealworld，修飾名詞kids。第二個并列分句中，bybracketingoutdifferentcases為方式狀語，it為形式主語，真正的主語為that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，該主語從句又包含兩個由whereas連接的并列分句，第一個并列分句是thereal-worldsocialitycomponentcorrelatedwithgreaterwellbeing，第二個并列分句是whereas之后的部分。【譯文】數(shù)據(jù)稍微復(fù)雜了一點兒，因為現(xiàn)實中喜歡社交的孩子們也傾向于進行更多的在線交流，但把不同的例子放在一起就可以清楚地看到，現(xiàn)實世界社交能力與更高的幸福感相關(guān)，而在屏幕上或網(wǎng)絡(luò)上花更多的時間只與更差的幸福指數(shù)相關(guān)。6.六級真題長難句分析Someexpertsevenconsiderlyingadevelopmentalmilestone,likecrawlingandwalking,becauseitrequiressophisticatedplanning,attentionandtheabilitytoseeasituationfromsomeoneelse’sperspectivetomanipulatethem.【分析】本句主干是“Someexpertsevenconsiderlyingadevelopmentalmilestone…”,likecrawlingandwalking為milestone的后置定語，其后是because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，該從句的主干為itrequiressophisticatedplanning,attentionandtheability，其后的動詞不定式短語toseeasituationfromsomeoneelse’sperspectivetomanipulatethem作ability的后置定語?！咀g文】一些專家甚至將說謊視為如同爬行和行走一樣的發(fā)展里程碑，因為它需要復(fù)雜的計劃、注意力以及從他人角度觀察情勢的能力來駕馭這些行為。7.六級真題長難句分析Forafollow-upanalysis,hefoundthatpeoplewhoseneuralrewardcentresweremoreactivewhentheywonmoneywerealsomorelikelytobeamongthegroupofliars—suggestingthatlyingmayhavetodowiththeinabilitytoresisttemptation.【分析】本句主干是“…h(huán)efound…”，之前的Forafollow-upanalysis是介詞短語作狀語，found之后是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其主干是“people…werealsomorelikelytobeamongthegroupofliars”，該從句又包含多個從句，主語people之后是定語從句whoseneuralrewardcentresweremoreactive，when引導(dǎo)的從句作時間狀語，而破折號后的伴隨狀語部分中還包含that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。【譯文】在后續(xù)的分析中，他發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些在贏錢時神經(jīng)獎勵中心更為活躍的人，也更可能是說謊者之一——表明說謊可能與無法抵御誘惑有關(guān)。8.六級真題長難句分析TheCascadiaRisingdrillgivesarearesidentsandemergencyrespondersachancetopracticewhattodoincaseofa9.0-magnitudeearthquakeandtsunamialongoneofthenation’sdangerous—andunderestimated—faults.【分析】本句主干是“TheCascadiaRisingdrillgivesarearesidentsandemergencyrespondersachance…”,其中謂語動詞gives后接間接賓語arearesidentsandemergencyresponders和直接賓語achance，其后的動詞不定式短語作achance的后置定語。incaseofa9.0-magnitudeearthquakeandtsunami為目的狀語，其后的alongoneofthenation’sdangerous—andunderestimated—faults為后置定語，修飾earthquakeandtsunami。【譯文】卡斯卡迪亞提升演練為當?shù)鼐用窈蛻?yīng)急人員提供了一次機會，讓他們練習(xí)如何應(yīng)對沿著美國其中一個危險且未受到足夠重視的斷層發(fā)生的9.0級地震和海嘯。9.六級真題長難句分析Topreventthateventfrombecomingacatastrophe,firstresponderswilljoinmembersofthepublicinrehearsalsthatinvolvecommunication,evacuation,searchandrescue,andotherscenarios.【分析】本句主干是“…firstresponderswilljoinmembers…”。主干之前是動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)Topreventthateventfrombecomingacatastrophe作目的狀語，ofthepublic是賓語members的后置定語，“inrehearsalsthat…”是賓語補足語，其中包含that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾說明rehearsals?！咀g文】為了防止地震演變成一場大劫難，第一響應(yīng)者們將與公眾一道進行演習(xí)，模擬聯(lián)絡(luò)、疏散、搜索、救援以及其他場景。10.六級真題長難句分析Whatismoreimportant,thedecisionsthatwemakenowaboutthedesignofourcitieswilldeterminetheeverydaylivesandhealthofthecominggenerations.【分析】本句主干是“…thedecisions…willdeterminetheeverydaylivesandhealth…”。句首Whatismoreimportant是評注性狀語，thatwemakenowaboutthedesignofourcities是限制性定語從句，修飾thedecisions。ofthecominggenerations是后置定語，修飾theeverydaylivesandhealth?！咀g文】更重要的是，我們現(xiàn)在做出的城市設(shè)計決策將決定未來幾代人的日常生活和健康狀況。11.六級真題長難句分析Thelevelofemissionstheycausewilldependonhowtheelectricitytorunthemisgenerated,whilebrakes,tyresandroadsallcreatetinyairborneparticlesastheywearout.【分析】本句主干是“Thelevelofemissions…willdependon…whilebrakes,tyresandroadsallcreatetinyairborneparticles…”。while連接兩個并列句表示對比，theycause是省略that的限制性定語從句，修飾thelevelofemissions。howtheelectricitytorunthemisgenerated是賓語從句，作dependon的賓語。astheywearout是時間狀語從句?！咀g文】它們產(chǎn)生排放的水平將取決于運行電力的產(chǎn)生方式，而剎車、輪胎和道路在磨損時都會產(chǎn)生微小的空氣懸浮顆粒。12.六級真題長難句分析Researchersarealreadyaskingifmotorvehicleusehasreacheditspeakandwilldecline,buttransportplannershaveyettocatchupwiththistrend,insteadoflayingnewroadsto

tackletrafficjams.【分析】本句主干是“Researchersarealreadyasking…buttransportplannershaveyettocatchupwiththistrend…”,其中but連接兩個并列句表示轉(zhuǎn)折。ifmotorvehicleusehasreacheditspeakandwilldecline是賓語從句，作asking的賓語。insteadoflayingnewroadstotackletrafficjams是讓步狀語?！咀g文】研究人員已在詢問機動車輛的使用是否已達高峰并將下降，但交通規(guī)劃人員有待跟上這一趨勢，而不是鋪設(shè)新路來解決交通堵塞。13.六級真題長難句分析Ifyou’remoderatelyexercisingfor150minutesaweek,astheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionrecommends,orlessthanthat,you’reprobablynotanextremeathlete.【分析】本句主干是“…you’reprobablynotanextremeathlete.”。句首Ifyou’remoderatelyexercisingfor150minutesaweek是條件狀語從句，astheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionrecommends是方式狀語從句，150minutesaweek和orlessthanthat是介詞for的并列賓語?！咀g文】如果你按照美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心的建議，每周適度鍛煉150分鐘，或者少于150分鐘，你可能不算是極限運動員。14.六級真題長難句分析Infact,alongwithhercolleagueConnieBales,Starrrecentlyconductedasmallstudythatfoundthataddingextraproteinfoodstothedietofobeseolderindividualswhoweretryingtoloseweightstrengthenedtheirmuscles.【分析】本句主干是“…Starrrecentlyconductedasmallstudy…”。alongwithhercolleagueConnieBales是伴隨狀語，“thatfound…”是限制性定語從句，修飾asmallstudy,“thataddingextraproteinfoodstothedietofobeseolderindividuals…strengthenedtheirmuscles”是賓語從句，該賓語從句中，主干是“addingextraproteinfoodstothediet…strengthenedtheirmuscles”，其中whoweretryingtoloseweight是限制性定語從句，修飾obeseolderindividuals?！咀g文】事實上，斯塔爾和她的同事康妮·貝爾斯最近一起進行了一項小型研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)在試圖減肥的肥胖老年人的飲食中添加額外的蛋白質(zhì)食物增強了他們的肌肉。15.六級真題長難句分析“Ialwaystellpeopletomakesurethey’redrinkingenoughfluids,”whichfortheaveragepersonis60to70ouncesaday,whichtranslatesintoeight8-ounceglassesofwaterorliquidperday.【分析】本句主干是“Ialwaystellpeopletomakesurethey’redrinkingenoughfluids…”,其后whichfortheaveragepersonis60to70ouncesaday是非限制性定語從句，修飾主干。whichtranslatesintoeight8-ounceglassesofwaterorliquidperday是非限制性定語從句，修飾其前的定語從句?！咀g文】“我總是告訴人們要確保飲用足夠的液體，”這對于普通人而言是每天60到70盎司，相當于每天8杯8盎司的水或液體。16.六級真題長難句分析Asyouacquireadistinctiveidentity,yourattitudesarefurtherrefinedbythebehaviorofthosewithwhomyouidentify—yourfamily,thoseofyourgenderandculture,andthepeopleyouadmire,eventhoughyoumaynotknowthempersonally.

【分析】本句主干是“…yourattitudesarefurtherrefinedbythebehavior…”。Asyouacquireadistinctiveidentity是時間狀語從句，ofthose是后置定語，withwhomyouidentify是限制性定語從句，修飾those。yourfamily,thoseofyourgenderandculture,andthepeople是those的同位語，youadmire是限制性定語從句，修飾thepeople，eventhoughyoumaynotknowthempersonally是讓步狀語從句?！咀g文】當具有鮮明個性時，你的態(tài)度會通過認同之人的行為得到進一步完善，而認同之人包括家人、性別和文化相同人士以及你崇拜的人，即使自己可能并不認識他們。17.六級真題長難句分析Aboutthatsametimeandthroughoutadulthood,theinformationyoureceive,especiallywhenideasarerepeatedinassociationwithgoalsandachievementsyoufindattractive,alsorefinesyourattitudes.【分析】本句主干是“…theinformation…alsorefinesyourattitudes.”。句首Aboutthatsametimeandthroughoutadulthood是時間狀語，youreceive是修飾theinformation的限制性定語從句，whenideasarerepeatedinassociationwithgoalsandachievements是時間狀語從句，youfindattractive是修飾goalsandachievements的限制性定語從句?！咀g文】大約在青春期的同一時間和整個成年期，你所接收的信息也會完善你的態(tài)度，尤其是那些與吸引自己的目標和成就相關(guān)的想法反復(fù)出現(xiàn)時。18.六級真題長難句分析That’swhy,forexample,manysaytheybelieveinthebenefitsofrecyclingorexercise,butdon’tbehaveinlinewiththeirviews,becauseittakesawareness,effortandcouragetogobeyondmerelystatingthatyoubelievesomethingisagoodidea.【分析】本句主干是“That’swhy…”,其中“why…manysay…butdon’tbehave...”是表語從句，theybelieveinthebenefitsofrecyclingorexercise是say的賓語從句，“becauseittakesawareness,effortandcouragetogobeyondmerelystating…”是原因狀語從句，thatyoubelievesomethingisagoodidea是stating的賓語從句?！咀g文】舉例來說，這就是為什么許多人表示他們相信回收利用或鍛煉身體的好處，但其言行卻不一致，因為這需要意識、努力和勇氣，才能不僅僅只是說自己相信某事是個好主意。19.六級真題長難句分析Italsohighlightsincidentsoffishingboatsbeinginvolvedingroundings,oilspillsandaccidents,whichposedaseriousthreattotheAntarcticecosystem.【分析】本句主干是“Italsohighlightsincidents…”。offishingboats是incidents的后置定語，beinginvolvedingroundings,oilspillsandaccidents是fishingboats的后置定語，whichposedaseriousthreattotheAntarcticecosystem是非限制性定語從句。【譯文】該研究還強調(diào)了涉及擱淺、石油泄漏和事故的漁船事件，這些對南極生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成了嚴重威脅。20.六級真題長難句分析FridaBengtssonfromGreenpeace’sProtecttheAntarcticcampaignsaid:“Ifthekrillindustrywantstoshowit’saresponsibleplayer,thenitshouldbevoluntarilygettingoutofanyareawhichisbeingproposedasanoceansanctuary,andshouldinsteadbebackingtheprotectionofthesehugetractsoftheAntarctic.”【分析】本句主干是“FridaBengtsson…said…”,其中fromGreenpeace’sProtecttheAntarcticcampaign是主語的后置定語。引號內(nèi)部分為直接引語，其中“itshouldbevoluntarilygettingoutofan