北師大版Unit11 Lesson 3教學設計

Lesson3課前自主預習重點單詞1.soldiern.____________2.bombn.____________3.generaln.____________4.frontiern.____________5.murdern.____________6.bordern.____________7.weepvi.&vt.____________8.civiliann.____________9.panicn.____________10.prayvt.&vi.____________11.identificationn.____________12.____________vt.展示，陳列13.____________n.代表，代表人14.____________vt.問候；迎接，招呼15.____________n.泥，爛泥16.____________vt.分發(fā)，分配，分送17.____________adj.暫時的，臨時的；短期的18.____________n.子夜，午夜19.____________n.病房20.____________num.一打21.____________n.外科醫(yī)生22.____________n.感激23.____________n.（尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的）事件1.士兵，軍人2.炸彈3.將軍，上將4.國界，邊境5.謀殺，兇殺；謀殺6.國界，邊界；邊境地區(qū)7.哭泣，流（淚）8.平民，老百姓9.驚恐，惶恐，驚慌10.祈求；祈禱11.身份證明（文件） 12.display13.representative14.greet15.mud16.distribute17.temporary18.midnight19.ward20.dozen21.surgeon22.appreciation23.incident重點詞塊1.cometoone’smind____________2.massmurder____________3.villagesquare____________4.insurprise____________5.amachinegun____________6.identificationpapers____________7.apileof____________8.stickup____________9.短暫的和平____________10.達成諒解；取得諒解____________11.喧鬧；叫喊____________12.吃得過飽；極其厭倦____________13.護士長____________14.朝.......扔去；扔向____________15.蘇醒；醒來____________16.或多或少；差不多____________17.sortof____________18.intheend____________19.turningpoint____________20.inthewild____________Keys:1.想起2.大屠殺3.村莊廣場4.驚奇地5.機關槍6.文書7.一堆8.豎起；伸直；突出9.temporarypeace10.cometoanunderstanding11.shoutacross12.befedupwith13.chiefnurse14.throwat15.wakeup16.moreorless17.稍稍；到某種程度18.最后；最終19.轉(zhuǎn)折點20.在野外；野生的重點句式1.____________________(和其他村民們一起),theyweremarchedafewhundredmetersintothevillagesquarewheretheyweretoldtosit.(togetherwith的用法)2.Bythelookofthem,theirtrencheswerein________________(和......一樣差)ourown.(as...as...)Keys:1.Togetherwithothervillagers2.asbadastateas課文預讀1.Fast-readingScanthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions.(1)Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?_________________________________________________________________________(2)Choosethetitleforeachpart.①ABravePatient ②ADecisiveBattle③NoMoreFighting =4\*GB3④VillageNightmare=5\*GB3⑤FeelingHelplessStoryA．________StoryB．________StoryC．________答案：(1)Thepassagemainlytellsusthatthedifferentwarmemoriesofdifferentpeople.(2)=4\*GB3④B．③C．①2.Careful-readingFillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.Thewholepassageconsistsoffourstoriesaboutwar.StoryAThefirstonetellsastoryofDoChuc,aVietnamese(1)whosetwodaughtersandanauntwere(2)byAmericansoldiers.Hewaswoundedinthe(3),buthewascoveredbydeadbodiesandthus(4).StoryBThesecondstorytookplaceon(5)morning.Afteralongtimeofbattle,the(6)werefedupwiththewar.Sotheofficerscametoan(7)___thattheywouldcelebrateChristmasin(8)untilmidnight.StoryCThethirdstoryhappenedina(9)aboutabraveyoungsoldierwhodidn'tacceptthewatchasan(10).Keys:(1)farmer(2)killed(3)leg(4)saved(5)Christmas(6)soldiers(7)understanding(8)peace(9)hospital(10)award課堂新知講練詞匯拓講1.generaln.將軍；上將(P37)Thegeneralwascomingtogivehimtheawardbecausehehappenedtobenumber20,000tocomethroughthishospital.【翻譯】將軍過來給他頒獎，因為他碰巧是成功出院的第20000個戰(zhàn)士?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縢eneraln.將軍；上將Thegeneralisaportlyoldman.那位將軍是一位身材魁梧的老人。general通常用作形容詞，意義比較廣泛：普遍的，全體的；總的;正常的，一般的，普遍的；大致的；概括性的；籠統(tǒng)的Hisgeneralstateofhealthisfairlysatisfactory.他的總的健康狀況相當令人滿意。Hepreferredthegeneralapproach.他喜歡一般性的處理方法。

Ihaveageneralideaofhowacarworks.我對汽車怎樣工作有一個大概的了解。HelivedinthegeneraldirectionoftheCentralPark.他住在中心公園方向。genearllyadv.通常；普遍地，一般地

Universityteachersgenerallyhaveadmittedalackofenthusiasmabouttheirsubjects.大學教師們已大致承認對他們的學科缺乏熱情。generalityn.概論；普遍性；大部分I'llstartwithsomegeneralitiesandthenexamineafewspecificexamples.我首先進行概述，然后會分析幾個實例。generalizevt.概括；推廣；使...一般化Critics

love

to

generalize,toformulate

trends

intowhich

all

new

work

mustbe

fitted,

howevercontradictory.

評論家喜歡概括，歸納出所有新作品都必須符合的趨勢，不管它們是如何地不符。generalizationn.概括；普遍化；一般化The

generalization

of

the

quadrant

and

octant

to

arbitrary

number

of

dimensions

is

the

orthant.

將四象限和八象限推廣到任意維數(shù)是正交的。generalizableadj.可歸納的；可概括的Finally,

theresearchers

notewhy

thisfinding

may

havemore

generalizable

importance.

最后，研究者指出了這項研究更普遍的重要性?！練w納拓展】generalelection大選,普選generalknowledge常識generalmanager總經(jīng)理ingeneral總的來說,一般說來,大體上,整個地generalagent總代理人，總代理行moregenerally更普遍;更一般地說generallyspeaking一般而言generallyavailable常用generallyaccepted普遍接受的【易混辨析】common,ordinary,commonplace,general,usual,popular,universal這些形容詞均含有“普通的，普遍的”之意。

common多用于指物，側(cè)重很常見，不稀奇。

ordinary用于物，指每天發(fā)生，十分平淡無奇；用于人，指無特別之處，很一般。

commonplace強調(diào)缺少新意。

general語氣強于common，側(cè)重大多如此，很少有例外情況。

usual指常見常聞和常做的事或舉動，強調(diào)慣常性。

popular指適應大眾愛好、需要，為大家所公認或接受。

universal與general同義，但語氣較強，側(cè)重對每個人或事物都適用，根本沒有例外?！踞槍毩暋繂尉湔Z法填空(1)Then

you

shouldbe

verywary

of

the

___________(general).(2)Itwould

be

foolish

to

___________(general)

from

a

single

example.

(3)Heavoidedthistrickyquestionandtalkedin___________(general).(4)Aswomenwe___________(general)sayandfeeltoomuchaboutthesethings.(5)Inotherwords,

arethereany

___________(general)

lessons

that

canbe

applied

toother

countries?

完成句子(6)Heisthe__________________inthiscompany.他是這個公司的總經(jīng)理。(7)The

new

drug

will

be__________________from

January.

這種新藥從一月份開始將可大量上市。(8)I

think

we

needto

improve

our

educational

system

__________________.

我認為我們需要從總體上改進我們的教育體制。(9)Theworkforce

is

__________________

tohave

the

best

conditions

in

Europe.

歐洲工人的勞動環(huán)境公認是最好的。Keys:(1)generalization(2)generalize(3)generalities(4)generally(5)generalizable(5)generalmanager(6)generallyavailable(7)ingeneral(8)generallyaccepted2.murdern.謀殺，兇殺；謀殺罪(P36)massmurder【翻譯】大屠殺；集體屠殺【用法詳解】murdern.謀殺，兇殺；謀殺罪Hewasanaccessorytothemurder.他是那件謀殺案的從犯。Thenewspaperfeaturedthestoryofthemurder.該報以顯著地位報導謀殺案。Thethreeaccused,agedbetween19and20,arechargedwithattemptedmurder.3名年齡在19到20歲之間的被告被指控蓄意謀殺。murderern.n.兇手；謀殺犯(復數(shù)murderers)A

policedog

picked

upthe

murderer's

scent.

一條警犬嗅出了兇手的氣味。murderousadj.殺人的，殘忍的；兇殘的；蓄意謀殺的Thismurderouslunaticcouldkillthembothwithoutasecondthought.這個殺人狂想都不想就會把他倆都殺了。murderingadj.殺人的；尖酸刻薄的【歸納拓展】likebluemurder飛快地,風馳電掣般地,以最快的速度,發(fā)瘋似地bluemurder(英式英語)“大吵大鬧”murdersuspect【法】謀殺嫌疑,兇殺嫌疑犯attemptedmurder謀殺未遂getawaywithmurder無法無天；為所欲為【易混辨析】kill,murder,這些動詞均有“殺，殺死”之意。kill普通用詞，含義廣泛，泛指以任何方式使人、動物或植物死亡。murder指謀殺或兇殺?！踞槍毩暋繂尉湔Z法填空(1)He

denies

__________(murder)

hiswife'slover.(2)Oneofthesemenmayhavebeenthe__________(murder).(3)He

madea

__________(murder)

attack

on

hiswife

thatevening.

完成句子(4)Theboys

were

offdown

theroad

__________________________.

那些男孩子沿著馬路飛快地逃走了。(5)Policehavealreadyidentified10_________________.警方已經(jīng)確認了10名謀殺嫌疑犯。(6)He

cried

_________________when

thedentist

pulled

his

tooth

out.

當牙醫(yī)給他拔牙時，他大驚小怪地叫喊。(7)Hischarmandthefactthatheissolikeableoftenallowshimto___________________________________.他的魅力和受寵程度常讓他無法無天為所欲為。Keys:(1)murdering(2)murderer(3)murderous(4)likebluemurder(5)murdersuspects(6)bluemurder(7)getawaywithmurder3.representativen.代表，代理人(P36)Twoofourmenthenthrewtheirequipmentoffandclimbedoutofthetrenchwiththeirhandsabovetheirheadsasourrepresentatives.【翻譯】然后，我們的兩個人扔掉了他們的武器，手舉在頭頂上，作為我們的代表，爬出了戰(zhàn)壕。【用法詳解】representativen.代表，代理人Arepresentativeofthecompanywillcallonyoutoassessthedamage.公司的代表將前往貴處評估受損失的狀況。Ourchiefrepresentative'swithdrawalwasconstruedasaprotest.我們的首席代表的退場被看作是一種抗議的表示。作名詞時，representative也可以意為“典型；議員，眾議員；繼任者”當他任期結(jié)束后，他重新回到國會，作了一位眾議院議員。Mostrepresentativesballotedagainsttheresolution.大多數(shù)眾議員投票反對這項決議。ThepresentrepresentativeoftheDedlocksisanexcellentmaster.德洛克家目前的繼承人是個非常好的主人。representative也可以用作形容詞，意為“典型的，有代表性的；代議制的；表現(xiàn)的，體現(xiàn)的；與表象有關的”Thenewheadofstateshouldbechosenbyan87memberrepresentativecouncil.新的國家元首應該由包括87名成員的代表委員會選出。Heistheleaderoftheinstitutionsofarepresentativegovernment.他是代議制政府的各個機構(gòu)的領導人。BeijingisarepresentativeChinesecity.北京是一個典型的中國城市。Sheisaltogethertoorepresentativeofthegutfeelingintheconstituencies.她徹底體現(xiàn)了選民們的真實感情。representativenessn.代表性，典型性These

implicitlymakea

claimto

the

generality--at

thenational

scale,

or

in

the

racial

sense--the

representativeness

of

this

life.

這些暗中要求一種普遍性——在全國范圍內(nèi)或者在種族意義上來看——是這種生活的代表性。representativelyadv.典型地Thereare

23

ducks

and

pigs,

and

the

total

number

of

legs

of

ducks

and

pigs

is74.

Howmanyducks

and

pigs

representatively?

鴨和豬共有23只，而鴨和豬腿的數(shù)目共有74條。問鴨和豬各有多只？representvt.代表；表現(xiàn)；描繪；回憶；再贈送Thegeneralsecretarymayrepresentthepresidentatofficialceremonies.秘書長可以在官方儀式上代表主席。representationn.代表；表現(xiàn)；表示法；陳述PuertoRicansareU.S.citizensbuttheyhavenorepresentationinCongress.波多黎各人是美國公民，但是他們在國會中沒有代表。representationaladj.代表的；具象派的Thereare

two

interrelated

model

forms:the

representational

form

and

the

organizational

form.

有兩種相關的模型形式：表示形式和組織形式。【歸納拓展】representativeoffice代表機構(gòu)；辦事處salesrepresentative銷售代表legalrepresentative法定代理人【針對練習】單句語法填空(1)Thegreen

movement

lacks

effective

____________(represent)

in

Parliament.

(2)Myonlyaimisto____________(representation)theUnitedStatesattheOlympics.(3)Our

sales

____________(representative)

can

assist

you

in

selecting

suitable

investments.(4)Hispaintingwentthroughboth____________(representation)andabstractperiods.(5)Theglobal

____________(representative)

and

enforcement

capabilities

of

these

institutions

needtobefurther

strengthened.(6)Inorderto

improve

the

accuracy

of

model

prediction,

the

training

samples

shouldbe____________(representative)

prepared.

完成句子(7)________________________

shall

have

no

legal

personality.

代表機構(gòu)不具有法人資格。(8)Thechairman

is

________________________

of

the

company.

董事長為公司的法定代表人。Keys:(1)representation(2)represent(3)representatives(4)representational(5)reprentativeness(6)representatively(7)A

representative

office(8)

the

legal

representative4.distributevt.分發(fā)，分配，分送(P37)Billdistributedthebeeramongusandweconsumedalot.【翻譯】比爾在我們之間發(fā)了啤酒，我們喝了很多?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縟istributevt.分發(fā)，分配，分送Thewaytodistributetherewardshouldbedecidedbytheteamitselfupondiscussion.獎勵金如何分配該由團隊自行商議。Thefirmshoulddistributeontheprincipleofequalpayforequalwork.公司應按照同工同酬的原則進行分配。distribute也可表示“散步；分布；分類；區(qū)分”Theserocksarewidelydistributedalloverthisregion.這種巖石廣泛分布在這個地區(qū)。Fuelresourcesareveryunevenlydistributed.燃料資源分布很不均勻。Theteacherdistributedthestudentsintofourgroups.老師把學生們分成了四組。Theworkersweredistributedbasedontheirspecialtalents.根據(jù)各自的特長，工人們被分了類。distributionn.分布；分配；供應Mr.Roh'seconomicplannerssoughttoachieveamoreequitabledistributionofwealth.羅歐先生的經(jīng)濟規(guī)劃者們努力實現(xiàn)更公平的財富分配。distributionaladj.分配的；分發(fā)的Whatthey'redoingissettingupdistributionalnetworks.他們在做的是建立好貨物分配網(wǎng)絡。distributiveadj.分配的；分布的；分發(fā)的Reorganizationisnecessaryonthedistributivesideofthisindustry.此行業(yè)的產(chǎn)品分配環(huán)節(jié)必需重組。distributorn.經(jīng)銷商；批發(fā)商；[電]分配器；分配者；散布者；[電]配電盤Under

what

circumstances

can

the

distributor

returnmerchandise

to

the

manufacturer?

在什么情況下分銷商能將商品返還給制造商？【易混辨析】assign,distribute,divide,allocate這些動詞均含“分配，分發(fā)”之意。assign指按照某種原則進行的硬性分配，也不一定是很公平的。distribute通常指以整體或定量分為若干份來分配。divide普通用詞，側(cè)重將某物分成若干份分配給他人，當某物一分為二時，含平均分配之意。allocate主要指金錢、財產(chǎn)、權(quán)力或領土等的分配，著重分配的比例和專門用途?！踞槍毩暋繂尉湔Z法填空(1)Wedidn'tunderstandhowdifficultitwas____________(distribute)anationalpaper.(2)Doesmoral

desert

havenothing

todo

with

____________(distribute)

justice?(3)I'dliketo

negotiate

aboutthe

____________(distribute)

plan

with

you.

(4)Can

the

____________(distribute)

handlethe

products

of

competitors?

(5)Some

of

thevictims

are

complaining

loudly

about

the

uneven

____________(distribute)

of

emergency

aid.

完成句子(6)Minh,now

37

and

________________________,

still

talks

regularly

onthe

phone

with

the

Kinneys.

明，現(xiàn)年37年，是一位報紙經(jīng)銷商。他仍然有規(guī)律地給金尼夫婦打電話。(7)They

both

worry

above

all

about

________________________of

taxing

andspending.

他們都對稅收和支出的分配效應感到十分憂慮。Keys:(1)todistribute(2)distributive(3)distributional(4)distributor(5)distribution(6)a

newspaper

distributor(7)thedistributional

effects5.incidentn.(尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件(P37)Afterthislittleincident,Iwentoverandtookhiminmyarms.【翻譯】在這個小事件之后，我走了過去，摟住他。【用法詳解】incidentn.(尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件Theincidentsparkedacontroversy.這一事件引發(fā)了一場爭端。Theincidentpuncturedhispride.這一事件損傷了他的自尊心。Theywanttofindoutthecauseandeffectoftheincident.他們要弄清事件的來龍去脈。Theseriousincidentalongtheborderincreasedourfearsofthewar.邊境上的緊張局勢加重了我們對戰(zhàn)爭的憂慮。incidentaladj.附帶的；次要的；偶然的；容易發(fā)生的Theplayingofmusicprovedtobeincidentaltothemainbusinessoftheevening.音樂演奏結(jié)果只是當晚主要活動的陪襯。incidentallyadv.順便；偶然地；附帶地Ididn'taskyoutocome.Incidentally,whyhaveyoucome?“我沒有叫你來。順便問一下，你為什么來呢？”incidentalsn.雜費（incidental的復數(shù)形式）；附帶事件You'll

need

moneyfor

incidentals

suchas

tips

and

taxis.

你將需要準備好付小費和乘出租車之類的雜項開銷?！練w納拓展】incidentalmusic配樂（戲劇、電影等）incidentalexpenses[會計]雜費；額外開支withoutincident

平安無事【易混辨析】accident,incident,event,happening這些名詞均有“事故、事件”之意。accident強調(diào)偶然或意外發(fā)生的不幸事情。incident既可指小事件或附帶事件，又可指政治上具有影響的事件或事變。event可指任何大小事件，但尤指歷史上的重大事件。happening多指日常生活中發(fā)生的一般事件，有時也指偶然發(fā)生的事?！踞槍毩暋繂尉湔Z法填空(1)The

discovery

was

_________(incident)

to

their

main

research.

(2)Theletter

mentioned

my

great

aunt

and

uncle

only

_________(incident).

(3)This

still

doesnot

include

fees,books,

supplies,travel,

or

_________(incident).

完成句子(4)Thesediseases_________________________childhood.兒童易患這類疾病。(5)These

risks

_________________________thework

of

a

firefighter.

這些風險是擔任消防員不可避免的。(6)Did

you

receive

my

tuition

and_________________?

你收到我的學費和雜費了嗎？(7)Theyreturned_________________.他們平安無事地回來了。(8)Fashion

show

is

a

comprehensive

art

formthe

_________________,which

is

used

in

fashionshow,

are

specially

composed

or

selected

for

fashion

show

andthereforean

inalienablepart

of

this

art.服裝表演是一門綜合性的藝術，服裝表演中的音樂是指為服裝表演制作或選配的音樂，是這門藝術的組成部分。Keys:(1)incidental(2)incidentally(3)incidentals(4)areincidentto(5)are

incidental

to(6)incidental

expenses(7)withoutincident(8)incidental

music句式解讀1.Togetherwithothervillagers,theyweremarchedafewhundredmetersintothevillagesquarewheretheyweretoldtosit.【翻譯】和其他村民們一起，他們走了幾百米，來到了村寨廣場，被吩咐在那里坐了下來?！究键c提煉】Togetherwithothervillagers意為“和其他村民們一起”。together與介詞with連用,意思是“和”“加之”“連同”?！練w納拓展】Togetherwith可置于句中,也可置于句末。置于句中時,句子的謂語動詞的形式須與主語保持一致。togetherwith的前后都有逗號隔開，就是很明顯的插入語的標志。alongwith,

togetherwith構(gòu)成的短語時，謂語動詞與前面的主語保持一致。這是所謂的就遠原則。Thegoodwillisbeingsoldtogetherwiththeshop.商店連同其商譽一并出售。Shecametodinneralongwithherboyfriend.她和她的男朋友一道來用餐。就遠原則，也稱就前原則，即謂語要與較遠的主語保持一致。當主語后面跟有由but,except,besides,like,with,aswellas,nolessthan,alongwith,inadditionto,ratherthan,togetherwith等引出的短語時就采用“就遠原則”。Everybodyexceptyoulikesme.除了你，大家都喜歡我。Theson,aswellas

hisparents,wantstogothere.不但兒子想去那兒，而且他的父母也想去。Theteacher,aswellas

thestudents,isinterestedintheactivity.老師也和同學們一樣對這項活動有興趣。Dessertfruit,like

strawberriesandpearsisverypopular.像草莓和梨這樣的餐后水果是很受歡迎的。就近原則也稱“鄰近原則”“就近一致原則”(Proximity），即：謂語與靠近的名詞、代詞（有時不一定是主語）在“人稱、數(shù)”上一致。常用的句型有：either...or...；neither...nor...；notonly...butalso...；not...but...；therebe句型Whathedoesorwhathesaysdoesnotconcernme.

他的行為或言談都與我無關。在倒裝句中：謂語可與后面第一個主語一致。Inthedistancewasheardtheclappingofhandsandtheshoutsofthepeople.

在遠處，能聽見鼓掌聲和人們的呼喊聲?！踞槍毩暋繂尉湔Z法填空(1)NeitheryounorI_______(be)wrong.

(2)Notyoubutyourfather_______(be)toblame.

(3)Notonlyyoubut(also)he_______(be)wrong.(4)There_______(be)somebooksandapenonthedesk.完成句子(5)John,_______________________________,is

to

blame.約翰，而不是他的室友，應該受到責備。(6)My

father,no

less

than

I,_______

a

base-ball

fan.我的父親不亞于我也是個棒球迷.(7)Jim,together

with

his

classmates,_____________

the

film.吉姆和他的同學都看過這部電影。(8)All

the

students,includingTom,_____________.所有的學生，包括湯姆都走了。(9)No

one

except(but)

me

_____________

this

news.除了我沒有人知道這個消息。Keys:(1)am(2)is(3)is(4)are(5)rather

than

his

roommates(6)is(7)has

seen(8)are

leaving(9)knows

about2.Bythelookofthem,theirtrencheswereinasbadastateasourown.【翻譯】從他們的外面來看，他們的戰(zhàn)壕和我們的一樣差?！究键c提煉】asbadastateas意為“和......一樣差/壞”?！練w納拓展】as...as的意思是“與......一樣”，接形容詞或副詞的原級，在否定句中，第一個as也可換成so。如：Hedoesn'tstudyas[so]hardashisbrother.他學習不如他弟弟努力。表示涉及數(shù)量或程度，可用“asmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+as”和“asmany+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+as”。如：Hedoesn’tpayasmuchtaxaswedo/asus.他沒我們交的稅款多?？捎?not)nearly,almost,just,nothinglike,exactly,notquite,half,one-ten,twice,threetimes,30percent等修飾，并且這些修飾語必須置于第一個as之前，而不能置于其后。如：Thisroomistwiceaslargeasthatone.這個房間是那個房間的兩個大。as…as…不表示比較的幾個常見句型。You’reasgoodasgold!你表現(xiàn)得真好！Motherisasmadasallgetout.母親氣瘋了。一、as…aspossible／sbcan盡可能的……Pleaseanswermyquestionassoonaspossible．請盡快回答我的問題。2.Assoonashisfatherwentout,theboyrantothecinema.

爸爸剛出門,那男孩就跑向電影院。Thedetectiveissearchingthemanascarefullyashecan．那個偵探正在盡可能仔細地搜查那個男子的身體。二、as…asusual／before像以前一樣……Shelooksasprettyasbefore．她看起來和以前一樣漂亮You’reasgoodasgold!

你表現(xiàn)得真好！Thoughtheyfailed，theystillworkedashardasusual．盡管他們失敗了，但他們?nèi)韵褚郧耙粯优ぷ鳌Ｈslongas只要，引導條件狀語從句Iwillstaywithyouaslongasthereisaroomfree．要是你有一間空余的房子，我就住在你這里。Youmayborrowthisbookaslongasyoupromisetogiveitback．只要你答應歸還，你就可以把這書借走?！踞槍毩暋客瓿删渥?1)IwishIwere_____________________you.

但愿我像你一樣高。

(2)Ihopethisyearis_____________________thelast.

我希望您今年跟去年一樣快樂。

(3)IhopeIwillbe_____________________mymother.

我希望將來和我母親一樣漂亮。

(4)Mygranddaughteris_____________________alittledoll.

我的孫女像小洋娃娃一樣漂亮.

(5)Youare_____________________apicture.

你簡直像畫一樣美麗。

(6)Theroomis_____________________astove.

這屋子熱得像火爐一樣。

(7)Hishandis_____________________ice.

他的手和冰一樣冷。

Keys:(1)astallas(2)ashappyas(3)asbeautifulas(4)asprettyas(5)asprettyas(6)ashotas(7)ascoldas語言時空【例句觀察】1．Canyouhelpmecarrytheboxupstairs?2．Lucy，pleasegotomyofficeandbringyourexercisebooktotheclassroom.3．Takeanumbrellawithyou.It'sraining.4.Myteacheraskedmetofetchourhomeworkherefromheroffice.【我的領悟】以上句子的謂語分別為carry,bring,take,fetch，這四個動詞如果用中文來表達，都含有“_________”的意思。這在英語中，被歸納為“近義動詞”，即________________。Keys:帶來；拿來verbswithsimilarmeanings語法課堂Verbswithsimilarmeanings英語中，很多動詞，都含有類似、近義的意思，如talk,say和speak，都可以表示“說；說話”?，F(xiàn)在，我們簡單地作一些歸納、總結(jié)。限于篇幅，本文僅歸納了10組。同時，也請同學們在課后有意識地收集、整理，以豐富、擴大自己的詞匯量，從而更有助于英語學習。1.辨析take,cost,spend和pay(1)spend多用人作主語,后接金錢或時間。spend...onsth./(in)doingsth.,例如:Ispent15yuanonthisbook.我花了15元買這本書。(2)take常用于

“Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.”

句型中,例如:Ittakesmehalfanhourtogotoschoolbybikeeveryday.我每天花費半小時騎自行車去上學。(3)pay多用人作主語,常與for連用,表示“付給……款”。例如:Ipaid15yuanforthisnewbook.這本新書花了我15元錢。(4)cost常用物作主語,表示“花費多少錢”。例如:Thisnewbookcostme15yuan.這本新書花了我15元錢。2.辨析bring,take,get和carry(1)bring指將某物或某人從離說話人較遠處“拿來”或“帶來”,由遠及近。例如:

You’dbetterfinishyourhomeworktodayandbringittoschooltomorrow.你最好今天把作業(yè)完成,明天帶到學校來。MayIbringTomalong?我可不可以帶湯姆一塊來?(2)take指將某物或某人從離說話人較近處“帶到”或“拿到”

離說話人較遠處,由近及遠。Couldyoutakethebooktotheclassroom?Iambusynow.你能否把書拿到教室?我現(xiàn)在很忙。(3)get指從說話人所在位置到別處把某物拿來。例如:Willyougetthatbookforme?你愿意去把那本書給我拿來嗎?(4)carry不強調(diào)動作來去的方向,只說明動作方式,表示“背著、扛著、提著、載著”等含義。例如Thebusesandtaxiscarrypeoplehereandthere.公共汽車和出租車載著人們到處去。3.辨析puton,wear,dress

和in(1)puton表“穿上”,強調(diào)穿衣的動作,后接衣服作賓語,代詞放中間。Hereisyourcoat.Putiton,Lucy.露西,這是你的外套,把它穿上。(2)wear表“穿著,戴著”,強調(diào)穿戴的狀態(tài),后接衣、帽等作賓語。She’swearingaredhatandabluejacket.她戴著一頂紅色帽子,穿著一件藍色夾克。(3)dress表“給……穿衣服”,賓語為人。Mymotherisdressingherself.我媽媽正在自己穿衣服。(4)in后多接衣服的顏色,表示“穿著……顏色的衣服”。例如:

Themaninblackismyfather.穿黑衣服的那人是我爸爸。4.辨析lookup,lookfor,find和findout(1)lookup表示“查找”,后接要查找的內(nèi)容。(2)lookfor表示“尋找”,強調(diào)找的動作。(3)find表示“找到”,強調(diào)結(jié)果。(4)findout表示“經(jīng)過觀察和調(diào)查,把某事、某物查出來”。Idon’tknowtheword.Let’slookitupinthedictionary.我不認識這個單詞。咱們查一下詞典吧。IhavelookedformyEnglishbookeverywhere,butIcan’tfindit.我到處找我的英語書,但我沒找到。Theteacherwantedtofindoutwhohadbrokenthedoor.老師想查明是誰弄壞了門。5.辨析reach,arrive和get(1)這三個單詞都可表“到達”,但只有reach是及物動詞,后可直接接地名。WereachedShanghaiateightonMonday.星期一八點我們到達上海。(2)arrive須與in/at連用,arrivein+大地名,arriveat+小地名。WehavealreadyarrivedinShanghai.我們已經(jīng)到達上海。Theyarrivedatschoolat6:30yesterday.昨天他們六點半到達學校。(3)get須與to連用,即

getto+地名。IgottotheCapitalCinemaat9:00.我9點到達首都影院。注意:當表示到達here,there,home時,arrive或get后不要加介詞。6.辨析lend,borrow和keep(1)borrow指其邏輯主語從別處或別人那里“借來”東西,常與介詞from連用,borrowsth.fromsb.借某人某物。MayIborrowsomemoneyfromyou?我能從你那兒借些錢嗎?(2)lend指其邏輯主語將東西“借出、借給”別人,常與介詞to連用,lendsth.tosb.把某物借給某人。Couldyoulendmesomemoney?你能借給我一些錢嗎?(3)keep指“保存”,是延續(xù)性動詞,與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用,而borrow和lend都是非延續(xù)性動詞。HowlongmayIkeepthebook?我能保留這本書多長時間?7.辨析win和beat(1)win的賓語是比賽、戰(zhàn)爭、獎品、金錢等名詞。例如:Ourfootballteamwonthefootballgameby3to1.我們的足球隊以3∶1的比分贏得了足球比賽。(2)beat的賓語則是比賽、競爭的對手,即指人或球隊的名詞或代詞。例如:Ourfootballteambeattheirsby3to1.我們的足球隊以3∶1的比分打敗了他們。8.辨析hope和wish它們都可表“希望”,它們后都可以接動詞不定式和賓語從句。wish接的賓語從句常用虛擬語氣表難以實現(xiàn)的愿望,wish可以接雙賓語。hope接的賓語從句常用將來時態(tài),一般表示能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)的希望,hope不能接雙賓語。hopetodosth.(√)hopesb.todosth.(×)wishsb.todosth.(√)hopesb.sth.(×)wishsb.sth.(√)Ihopetoseeyouagain.我希望能再次見到你。IwishIcouldflylikeabird.我希望我能像鳥兒一樣飛翔。9.辨析look,see,watch和read(1)look表動作,須與at連用才能接賓語,表“朝……看”,強調(diào)看的方向。Lookatthispicturecarefully.仔細地看這張圖片。(2)see

強調(diào)看的結(jié)果。Icanseeabighorseinthepicture.我能從圖片里看到一個大房子。(3)watch強調(diào)“專注地看,仔細觀看,注視”,有欣賞的意味,動作要持續(xù)一段時間,常用于看電視、看球賽等,也可以用于看電影。Hedoesn’tlikewatchingmovies.他不喜歡看電影。(4)read指閱讀,一般跟書、報紙、文章等。Myfatherisreadinganewspapernow.我的爸爸正在讀報紙。10.辨析join,joinin和takepartin都表示“參加”。(1)join①指加入某組織并成為其中一員。Whendidyourbrotherjointhearmy?你弟弟什么時候參軍的?②和某人一起做某事,其結(jié)構(gòu)為:joinsb.in(doing)sth.,根據(jù)上下文,in(doing)sth.也可以省去。Willyoujoinusinthediscussion?你會加入我們的討論嗎?(2)joinin多指參加小規(guī)模的活動,如“球賽、游戲”等,常用于日?？谡Z。Comealong,andjoinintheballgame.一起來參加球賽。(3)takepartin指參加會議或群眾性活動等,著重說明句子主語參加該項活動并在活動中發(fā)揮作用。We’lltakepartinsocialpracticeduringthesummervacation.我們將要在暑假期間參加社會實踐活動。追蹤練習請選擇合適的詞語并以其適當形式完成各組練習A組(get,arrive,reach)1．—Hasyouruncle________？

—Notyet.2．Hewasthefirstto________tothetopofmountain.3．Canyou________thepictureonthewall?4．Lastnightthey________atalittlevillageandstayedthereforawholenight.Keys:1.arrived

2.get

3.reach

4.arrivedB組(beat,win)1．Ican'tbelievethattheirteamcan________ours.2．