貴州省高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷附帶答案

第第頁貴州省高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷(附帶答案）一、閱讀理解Theshadowplayisatypicaltraditionalentertainmentthathassurvivedandthrivedoverthecenturies.Itistakenasanearliestancestorofmoderncinema.Legendhasitthatmorethan2,000yearsago，EmperorWudioftheWesternHanDynastywasverydepressedoverthedeathofhisfavoriteconcubine（妃子）.Tohelphimgetoverhissadness,aministermadeapuppetoutofcottonandsilkinthelikenessoftheconcubineandprojecteditsshadowonacurtainfortheemperortosee.Theshowbroughttheemperorsomecomfort.Hesomehowbelievedtheshadowwashislover’spirit.Thisisthoughttobethebeginningoftheshadowplay.Onemouthtellsstoriesofthousandsofyears；apairofhandsoperatesmillionsofsoldiers.Thisishowtheshadowpuppeteerworks.Nicknamed“thebusinessofthefive”，ashadowpuppetgroupismadeupoffivepeople.Oneoperatesthepuppets,oneplaysaSuonaandaYueqin,oneplaystheBanhu,oneisinchargeofpercussion（打擊樂器）instruments,andonesings.Duringperformances,“actors”areheldclosetoawhitecurtainwiththeircoloredshadowscastonitbyastronglightfrombehind.Theoperatorplaysfivepuppetsatthesametime，eachofwhichhasthreethreads.Tenfingershandlefifteenthreads.Movedbyguidingsticks，thepuppetsplayroleswithmusicalaccompaniment.Thepopularityofshadowplayinsomewayliesintheequipmentbeinglightandeasytocarry,thesmallnumberofpeopleneededforaperformance,andtheflexiblerequirementsforperformanceplaces.Theplayscanbequitedramaticand,whenitcomestofairytalesorkungfustories,the"actors"maybemadetorideoncloudsorperformunusualfeats,tothegreatenjoymentoftheaudience,especiallychildren.Thedesignofthefiguresfollowstraditionalmoralevaluation.Theaudiencecantellafigure’scharacterbyseeinghismask.LikethemasksinBeijingOpera,aredmaskrepresentshonesty,ablackmask,loyalty,andawhiteone,betrayal.Nowadays,theshadowplayhasbeenindustrializedanddevelopedaseriesoftouristproductsforthepromotionofChinesecultureandtourism.1．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．AlovestoryofEmperorWudi. B．HowtopleaseanEmperor.C．Theoriginoftheshadowplay. D．Howtomakeacottonpuppet.2．Accordingtotheauthor,theaudiencemaytakegreatpleasure___________.A．whenrolesareplayedwithoutmusicB．becausetheequipmentislighttocarryC．whenthepuppetsgivelivelyperformancesD．becausethenumberoftheoperatorsissmall3．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheRapidDevelopmentofBeijingOperaB．ShadowPuppetry:TraditionalArtsandCraftsC．TheBusinessoftheFive:AShadowPuppetGroupD．TraditionalCharactersandMasksinBeijingOpera4．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofshadowplay?A．Negative. B．Doubtful.C．Positive. D．Unconcerned.Ninety-fivepercentofLottieAllen’sclothesinherwardrobeareproved.“It’slikeadressing-upbox,”saysthe19-year-oldstudent.OneofherfavoritesisanAlice-in-Wonderland-styledresswhichcost&5.FromBrighton’skilomarketstocharityshops,Allenloveshuntingfortimelessbargains.“Oftenpeopledon’tconsidertheenvironmentalimpactofhowclotheshavebeenmadeorwherethey’llenduponcethey’vebeenworn,butwearingprovedclothesisexciting,”shesays.Consumersarefastwakinguptotheenvironmentaldamageofthefashionindustry,andfindingwaystostaystylishthatarekindertotheplanet.Passingonunwantedclothesforsomeoneelsetouseissomethingeveryonecandotomakeadifference.Anestimated&30bnworthofunwornclothessitsinUKwardrobes,accordingtothewastewatchdogWRAP,while300,000tonnesofunwantedgarmentsgointolandfilleveryyear.Ontheotherhand,WRAP’s2017ValuingYourClothesreportestimatedthata10percentincreaseinsecond-handsalescouldsave3percentcarbon,4percentwaterand1percentwastepertonneofclothing.“SustainablewaysofpurchasingclothesarebecomingmorecommonintheUK,”explainsAndreaSperanza,headofcampaignsforfashioncharityTR.AID．Theorganizationlaunchedits23%Campaignlastyear,sonamedbecause23percentofclothesinLondongounworn;theaimistoput123millionitemsofgarmentsbackintousethroughTRAID’scollectionprojects,charityshopsandeBaystore.AccordingtoSperanza,TRAIDhascollectedandredistributedmorethan1millionitemsofclothing,whichhassavedanestimated412millionlitersofwater,and2,451tonnesofcarbon,andhasprovedthatshoppingneedn’tcosttheearth.Globally,fashionre-tradeisontherise,andit’syoung,Eco-consciousshopperswhoareleadingthisresalerevolution.Inareportpublishedearlierthisyear,US-basedThredUP,theworld’slargestonlinecharityshop,revealedthat18-to37-year-oldsareadoptingsecondhandclothing2.5timesfasterthanotheragegroups.Italsopredictedthatoneinthreeyoungconsumerswouldbuysecond-handnextyear.5．WhatisspecialaboutAllen’swardrobe?A．Itisanabsolutebargain.B．Itismadeofrecycledmaterials.C．Itisfullofsecond-handclothes.D．Itislightweightandeasytotakeapart.6．WhatdothedatainParagraph3suggest?

A．It’satrendtowearoldgarmentsintheUK.B．Consumersprefertobuyeco-friendlyclothes.C．ClothingbusinesseshavebeenfailingintheUK.D．It’llmakeadifferencetoreuseunwantedclothes.7．Whatcanwesayaboutthe23%Campaign?A．IthasmadeSperanzadisappointed.B．Itisproducingasignificanteffect.C．Itisacampaignforfashiondesign.D．IthasbeeninspiringEuropeansforyears.8．What’sthemainideaaboutthispassage?A．Thegoldenageofsecond-handclothingcomesalong.B．FashionrevolutionsaroundEuropehavechanged.C．Peoplewanttokeepawayfromunwornclothes.D．PeoplemakeadonationtoTRAID．Assummertemperaturesaroundthecountryrise,manyconsumersareseeingtheirenergybillsgouprapidly.TheaveragemonthlyenergybillintheU.S.was$121in2021,accordingtotheU.S.EnergyInformationAdministration.Consumerscankeeptheirhomescoolerbyusingcurtainsorblindsandkeepingthemclosedduringthesunniestpartoftheday.Turingupthetemperatureonairconditionersby7℃to10℃foratleasteighthoursadaycansaveasmuchas10%fromyearlyenergycosts,Energy.govreports.Besides,asmartthermostat(恒溫器)canadjusttemperatureandhelptoreduceenergybills.AsmartthermostatusesWi-Fitoconnectwithanappontheowner’sphone.Somemodelsevenknowwhentheuser’sphoneleavesthehouseandadjuststheheatingorcoolingaccordingly.“Youcanraiseorlowerthetemperaturewhenyou’renothome,soyou’renotusingenergyinthehousewhenyou’renotgoingtobearoundtobenefitfromit,”saysSaraRathner,apersonalfinanceexpert.“Youcanalsocontrolyourheatingandcoolingsystemsfromwhereveryouare,aslongasyouhaveyourphoneonyou.”Notallhomeheatingandcoolingsystemsaresuitableforsmarthomethermostats,though.Mostthermostatsworkbestwithforcedair-typesystems,sotheywon’tworkwithradiant(輻射的)heatingsystems.Pricesforsmarthomethermostatsstartatabout$100andgoupfromthere,whileamoretraditionalthermostatcanbepurchasedforunder$30.RathnersuggestslookingforseasonalsavingslikeBlackFridaydeals.Someenergyprovidersofferdiscountsonnewsmartthermostats,too.Energy.govhasarebate(折扣)tooltohelpconsumersfindrebatesintheirownstate.Otherhigh-techdeviceslikesmartlightsconnectedtoasmarthomeassistantcanalsoenableconsumerstoreduceunnecessaryuseofelectricityandcutpowertothosethatcontinuetodrawenergyevenwhennotinuse.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph2referto?A．Homes. B．Consumers. C．Airconditioners. D．Curtainsandblinds.10．Whatcanbelearntfromthefourthparagraph?A．It’sunnecessarytolowerthetemperature.B．It’seasytofixasmartheatingandcoolingsystem.C．It’sessentialtobuildasmarthomewithasmartphone.D．It’sbeyondimaginationtocontrolahome’stemperature.11．WhyisBlackFridaymentionedinthelastparagraph?A．Peoplecanbuythingswithlowerpricesonthatday.B．Somehigh-techdevicesareonlyofferedonthatday.C．Energy,govoffersdiscountsonsmartlights.D．Mostmodernandtraditionaldevicesarepricedbelow$30.12．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Asmartthermostatcanhelpsaveenergybills. B．Asmartdevicecanlowerthetemperature.C．Howtooperateasmartthermostatinyourhouse. D．Thebestwaytokeepyourhomecooler.Scientistshavecreatedthefirstlab-growncoffee,whichtheysay“smellsandtastesliketherealthing”.TheFinland-basedresearchersusedaprocesscalledcellublaragriculture,whichincludestakingoutcellsfromasmallplantoranimalsample.Inthelatestexampleoflab-grownoptions,cellsamplesweretakenfromArabica,apopularcoffeeplantthatmakesup56percentofglobalproduction.Withlab-growncoffee,theresearcherssaythattheycandealwithproblemsfacingtheglobalcoffeeindustry,suchasaneedforclearingspaceforcoffeeplantstokeepupwithanincreasingneedforthedrinkworldwide.TheresearchisbeingconductedatVTTTechnicalResearchCentrebasedinEspoo,Finland—thecountrythatdrinksthemostcoffeeperperson.“Theprocessusesreadcoffeeplantcells,”Dr.HeikoRischer,headofplantbiotechnologyatFinland’sVTTresearchcenter,said.“Atfirst,acellcultureisstartedfromaplantpart,forexample,aleaf.Theformedcellsreproducedonaspecificnutrientmedium.Intheend,thecellsaretransportedtoabioreactorfromwhichthebiomassisthenharvested.Thecellsaredriedandroastedthencoffeecanbebrewed.”ThefirstcollectionproducedbyVTTintheirlaboratorysmellsandtastesliketraditionalcoffee,accordingtotheresultsofa“sensoryanalysis”.Afterdrinkingacup,Dr.Rischersaid,“Thereisasurprisinglyfullsmell.Intermsofsmellandtaste,ourtrainedsensoryjudgementandanalyticalexaminationhasfoundthecoffeebearssimilaritytoordinarycoffee,”hesaid.“Theexperienceofdrinkingtheveryfirstcupwasexciting.”Theideathatcoffeecellscouldbeusedtomakecoffeewaspresentedbackin1974byplantscientistP.M.Townsley.ButtheVTTscientistshaveputthetheoryintopracticewiththeirlab-grownbrew,whichtheythinkcouldhitthemarketby2025.13．Whatmightbeoneofthecausesofcreatinglab-growncoffee?A．Dr.Heikohasbeendevotedtogeneticallyengineering.B．Thereexistsanincreasingdemandmarketofcoffee.C．PeopleinFinlanddrinkthemostamountofcoffee.D．Theideaisbasedonatheoryprovingtobepractical.14．Whatdoestheunderlineword“brewed”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Produced. B．Designed. C．Collected. D．Measured.15．Whatadvantagedoesthelab-growncoffeehaveoverthetraditionalone?A．Lab-growncoffeemakespeopledrinkingitmoreexcited.B．Lab-growncoffeecanbejudgedthroughpeople’ssenses.C．Lab-growncoffeetastesandsmellsbetterthanordinarycoffee.D．Lab-growncoffeecanbemadeinlabsandthereforesavespace.16．Whatisthemainpurposeofthisarticle?A．Topraisescientistsstickingwithcreation. B．Tosolvecoffeeshortagetroublingpeople.C．TointroduceanewkindofArabicacoffee. D．Topresentaresearchonman-madecoffee.二、七選五Weareallvictimsofclimatechange.Fightingwithclimatechangecanfeelstressed,buttherearealotofthingsyoucandotoprotectyourselfandyourlovedones.Expertsrecommendthefollowingsteps.●17Talktoyourdoctoraboutwhattypesofalertsorweathereventsyoushouldbelookingoutforwhenitcomestoheat,stressinteractionswithmedications,orexposurestoheat,coldandvirus.●Prepareanemergencysupplykit.Thisisespeciallyimportantifyouliveinanareawhereflooding,hurricanes,orwildfiresbreakouteasily.Yourfamilyneedtobesafe.18●Eatlessmeat,andtakemorevitamins.Researchfoundthatthedietslowinmeatandhighinfruitsandvegetableswerelinkedwithlessgreenhousegasemissions.19Therefore,youshouldreducepeople’svulnerabilityinhightemperatures.●Reducetheamountofsingle-useplasticsinyourlife.TheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncilsaysthatsmallindividualchoicescanaddup.20Forexample,youcancarrygrocerybagsandareusablewaterbottleandcookmoreathome.●Payattentiontoheatwarnings,andfindwaystostaycool.21Ifyouhaveair-conditioning,makesureitisworking,orfindoutaplacewithair-conditioning,likeashoppingmall,publiclibrary,orcoolingshelterorcommunity.Makesureyoucheckonyourfriendsduringaheatwave,andaskthattheycheckonyou.A．Increaseyourhealthknowledge.B．Ithastipsonusingeasyalternatives.C．Don’tbeexposedtoallkindsofclimates.D．Theycouldalsolowerrisksofsomediseases.E．Anddon’tforgetemergencysuppliesforpets!F．Housingqualityplaysahugeroleinyourstayingcool.G．Evenafewhoursadayofair-conditioningcanavoidheatillness.三、完形填空“Longtimenosee”isaveryinterestingsentence.WhenIfirstreadthissentencefromanAmericanfriend'semail.Ilaughed.Ithoughtitwasatypical22ofChinglish.Obviouslyitisaword-by-wordliteraltranslationoftheChinesegreetingswitha23Englishgrammarandstructure!Lateron,myfriendtoldmethatitisastandardAmerican24.Iwastoothrilledtobelieveher.Herwordscouldnot25meatall.SoIdida26on.Tomysurprise,thereareover40thousandwebpages27“Longtimenosee”.Thissentencehasbeen28usedinemails,letters,newspapers,movies,oranyotherpossibleplace.Thoughitis29informal,itispartofthelanguagethatAmericansusedaily.30,ifyoutypethisphraseinMicrosoftWord,the31willtellyouthatthegrammarneedstobecorrected.Nobodyknowsthe32ofthisChinglishsentence.SomepeoplebelievethatitcamefromCharlieChan'smovies.In1930s,Hollywoodmoviemakersuccessfully33aworldwidefamousChinesedetectivenamed“CharlieChan”onwidescreens.DetectiveChanlikedtoteachAmericanssomeChinesewisdom34quoting(引用)

Confucius.“Longtimenosee”washistrademark.Soon“Longtimenosee”becamea35phraseinAmerica36thepopularityofthesemovie's.Somepeople37Americatoahugemeltingpot(熔爐).Allkindsofcultureare38inthepottogether,andthey39thecolorandtasteofeachother.AmericanChinese,thoughaminorityethnicgroupintheUnitedStates,isalso40somechangestothepot!Languageisusuallythefirstthingtobe41inthemixedpot.22．A．example B．sign C．sigh D．signal23．A．damaged B．perfected C．learned D．ruined24．A．custom B．greeting C．habit D．proverb25．A．persuade B．encourage C．convince D．believe26．A．job B．research C．survey D．search27．A．containing B．printing C．publishing D．expressing28．A．widely B．hardly C．seldom D．never29．A．lotsof B．plentyof C．a(chǎn)mountof D．sortof30．A．UnfortunatelyB．Luckily C．However D．Suddenly31．A．hardware B．software C．operator D．speaker32．A．use B．origin C．expression D．meaning33．A．created B．published C．did D．discovered34．A．by B．in C．with D．of35．A．ordinary B．rare C．modern D．popular36．A．a(chǎn)sif B．a(chǎn)sto C．thanksto D．butfor37．A．compare B．a(chǎn)dd C．send D．owe38．A．joined B．mixed C．compiled D．done39．A．improve B．change C．lower D．promote40．A．owing B．putting C．taking D．contributing41．A．influenced B．mentioned C．used D．considered四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將正確答案用黑色水筆填寫寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。IntheUK,busjourneyisverycommon.Busesareoftenconvenientforthepeople42liveorworkinthecitycenter.Passengerscanavoidheavytrafficanddon’thavetopayfortheparking.However,takingthebusisjust43necessarybutboringpartoflife:theygetonthebus,payforitandsitorfindaplacetostandwhenitiscrowded.Everyoneseemssadand44(bore).InLatinAmerica,however,bustripscanbewonderful.Forastart,films45(show)onthebusesbetween46(city)forpassengerstohavefunalongthejourneys.Localbusesdonotshowfilms,butdriversusuallyturn47theradioanditcanbegreatforpassengers48(listen)tosongs,feelinghappyandcomfortable.Localbusesalwaysgotopartsofthetownthatpassengerswouldnotvisitby49(they).Therepassengerscanseeshopstheyhaveneverheardabout.Andtheycanalsoseeotherculturesofthetownfromthewindowsofthebuses.Besides,passengers’language50(be)alsointeresting.Itiscommontoseeahappydog’sheadgettingoutofsomebody’sbagoralovelychicken“speaking51(cheerful)”undersomebody’sarm.五、其他應(yīng)用文52．假定你是李華，你校將舉辦一場以環(huán)境保護為主題的英語演講比賽。請圍繞此主題寫一篇演講稿參賽。內(nèi)容包括：1．環(huán)境污染的現(xiàn)狀；2．環(huán)境污染的影響；3．應(yīng)對環(huán)境污染的措施。注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右，開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯與句型：1.……是我的榮幸

Itisagreathonorformeto...2.發(fā)表演講

deliveraspeech3.隨著社會的發(fā)展

withthedevelopmentofsociety4.環(huán)境污染

environmentalpollution5.……變得越來越嚴重

...becomemoreandmoreserious6.(樹)被砍倒

becutdown7.排放有害氣體

sendoutharmfulgases8.影響人們的健康

affectpeople’shealth9.城市的進一步發(fā)展

thefurtherdevelopmentofthecity10.考慮到目前形勢

considerthecurrentsituation11.盡可能多種樹

planttreesasmanyaspossible12.當(dāng)?shù)卣?/p>

thelocalgovernment13.提升人們環(huán)境保護的意識

raisepeople’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection14.只有以這樣的方式

onlyinthisway15.有一個更好的環(huán)境

haveabetterenvironmentLadiesandgentlemen,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sallformypresentation.Thanksforyourlistening!六、讀后續(xù)寫53．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。CompeanwasnostrangertoAngelesNationalForest.He’dhikedtheparknearhishomemanytimes.ButafterwalkingalonganewpathlastApril,the45-year-oldmanwaslost.Asthedaywasneardusk,hisconcernturnedtofearafterseveralhoursofaimlesswandering(游蕩).Theareawasawildfield.Withnoflashlight,onlysomewaterandabarofchocolateinhisbackpack,andlessthantenpercentbatteryremainingonhiscellphone,Compeanwasunpreparedforanythingexceptthetwo-hourhikehe’dplanned.Compeanclimbedtoaplace,about7,000feetabovesealevel,wherehefoundatleastonebarofsignal(信號).“SOS.Myphoneisgoingtodie.I’mlost,”hetextedafriend,addingaphotoshowingwherehewas.Thephotoshowedhisdirtylegshangingoverlargerocksandplants.AllCompeancoulddothenwaswaitandhope.Thetemperaturewasdroppingfastandthewindswereblowing.DressedonlyinaT-shirt,shorts,andajacket,thehikerfeltextremelycold.Hehuggedhimselfintoatightball,usinghisbackpacktoshelterhislegsfromthecoldwinds.Buthewouldn’tsleep.Afterfindingtwomountainlionsandabear,hespentthenightsufferingfromstress,keepingabigstickandsomesharprocksbesidehimtostopananimaltocomeclose.SixtymilesawayinVenturaCounty,BenKuo,wasaloverofsatellitemaps(衛(wèi)星地圖)whichcouldhelpexactlylocatethingsorpersonsinsomeareas.HewasworkingathomewhenhereadatwitteronlinefromtheSheriff’sDepartment(警察局),showingaphotoofaman’slegs.TheSheriff’ssearch-and-rescueteamshadspentanightlookingforCompean.Unsuccessfully,theypostthephototothepublic,hopingsomeonemightknowthelocation.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Ben’sunusualhobbyhelpedfindwhereCompeanwas.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Therescue(救援)workersgotthereassoonaspossible.參考答案1．C2．C3．B4．C【分析】本文是說明文。文章講述了皮影戲是一種典型的傳統(tǒng)娛樂活動，在過去的幾個世紀(jì)中一直存在并繁榮發(fā)展，它被認為是現(xiàn)代電影的雛形。1．段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Legendhasitthatmorethan2，000yearsago，EmperorWudioftheWesternHanDynastywasverydepressedoverthedeathofhisfavoriteconcubine（妃子）.Tohelphimgetoverhissadness，aministermadeapuppetoutofcottonandsilkinthelikenessoftheconcubineandprojecteditsshadowonacurtainfortheemperortosee.Theshowbroughttheemperorsomecomfort.Hesomehowbelievedtheshadowwashislover'sspirit.Thisisthoughttobethebeginningoftheshadowplay.”可知，相傳在2000年前，西漢皇帝漢武帝因其最愛的妃子去世而感到沮喪。為了幫助他擺脫悲傷，一名大臣用棉花和絲線制成了一個像妃子一樣的木偶并將其影子投射在幕布上供皇帝看。這個表演使皇帝感到了些安慰。他相信影子是妃子精神的存在。人們認為這是皮影戲的開始。因此第二段主要講的是皮影戲的由來。故選C。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“the“actors”maybemadetorideoncloudsorperformunusualfeats,tothegreatenjoymentoftheaudience,especiallychildren.”可知，“演員”騎在云上或表演非凡的壯舉，以使觀眾特別是孩子們感到極大的享受。即觀眾可能會很高興當(dāng)有人操作木偶進行活躍的表演時。故選C。3．標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文尤其是第一段可知，皮影戲是一種典型的傳統(tǒng)娛樂活動，在過去的幾個世紀(jì)中一直存在并繁榮發(fā)展，它被認為是現(xiàn)代電影的雛形。因此文章的最佳標(biāo)題是“皮影戲：傳統(tǒng)手工藝”，它符合文章的內(nèi)容。故選B。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Nowadays,theshadowplayhasbeenindustrializedanddevelopedaseriesoftouristproductsforthepromotionofChinesecultureandtourism.”可知，如今皮影戲已經(jīng)產(chǎn)業(yè)化，并開發(fā)了一系列旅游產(chǎn)品來促進中國文化和旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展。因此作者對皮影戲的未來持肯定態(tài)度。故選C。5．C6．D7．B8．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。消費者正迅速意識到時尚產(chǎn)業(yè)對環(huán)境的破壞，并尋找對地球更友好的時尚方式，在全球范圍內(nèi)，時裝二手交易正在興起，引領(lǐng)這場轉(zhuǎn)售革命的是年輕的、有環(huán)保意識的購物者。文章對此現(xiàn)象進行了詳細報道。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段前四句“Ninety-fivepercentofLottieAllen’sclothesinherwardrobeareproved.“It’slikeadressing-upbox,”saysthe19-year-oldstudent.OneofherfavoritesisanAlice-in-Wonderland-styledresswhichcost&5.FromBrighton’skilomarketstocharityshops,Allenloveshuntingfortimelessbargains.”(LottieAllen衣櫥里95%的衣服都被證實了?！斑@就像一個化妝盒，”這位19歲的學(xué)生說。她最喜歡的一件是愛麗絲夢游仙境風(fēng)格的連衣裙，售價5英鎊。從布萊頓的千斤市場到慈善商店，艾倫都喜歡尋找永恒的便宜貨。)可知，艾倫衣柜的特別之處是里面全是二手衣服。故選C。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Anestimated&30bnworthofunwornclothessitsinUKwardrobes,accordingtothewastewatchdogWRAP,while300,000tonnesofunwantedgarmentsgointolandfilleveryyear.Ontheotherhand,WRAP’s2017ValuingYourClothesreportestimatedthata10percentincreaseinsecond-handsalescouldsave3percentcarbon,4percentwaterand1percentwastepertonneofclothing.”(據(jù)廢物監(jiān)管機構(gòu)WRAP的數(shù)據(jù)，英國衣柜里有價值300億英鎊的未穿衣服，而每年有30萬噸不需要的衣服被填埋。另一方面，WRAP的《2017年估價你的衣服》報告估計，二手銷售增加10%，每噸衣服可減少3%的碳、4%的水和1%的廢物。)可知，第三段的數(shù)據(jù)展示了英國二手衣服的數(shù)量龐大和每噸二手衣服可減少的能量耗費和廢物，所以這些數(shù)據(jù)表明了重復(fù)使用不需要的衣服會帶來很大影響。故選D。7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Theorganizationlaunchedits23%Campaignlastyear,sonamedbecause23percentofclothesinLondongounworn;theaimistoput123millionitemsofgarmentsbackintousethroughTRAID’scollectionprojects,charityshopsandeBaystore.”(該組織去年發(fā)起了“23%運動”，之所以如此命名，是因為倫敦23%的衣服沒有穿；其目標(biāo)是通過TRAID的收集項目、慈善商店和eBay商店將1.23億件服裝重新投入使用。)可知，“23%運動”正在產(chǎn)生重大影響。故選B。8．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Globally,fashionre-tradeisontherise,andit’syoung,Eco-consciousshopperswhoareleadingthisresalerevolution.”(在全球范圍內(nèi)，時裝再交易正在興起，引領(lǐng)這場轉(zhuǎn)售革命的是年輕的、有環(huán)保意識的購物者。)和第二段第一句“Consumersarefastwakinguptotheenvironmentaldamageofthefashionindustry,andfindingwaystostaystylishthatarekindertotheplanet.”(消費者正迅速意識到時尚產(chǎn)業(yè)對環(huán)境的破壞，并尋找對地球更友好的時尚方式。)可知，文章主要是講二手服裝的黃金時代到來了。故選A。9．D10．C11．A12．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是智能恒溫器的優(yōu)點，主要是減少家庭花銷。9．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段的“Consumerscankeeptheirhomescoolerbyusingcurtainsorblindsandkeepingthemclosedduringthesunniestpartoftheday.(消費者可以通過使用窗簾或百葉窗來保持室內(nèi)涼爽，并在一天中陽光最充足的時候關(guān)上窗簾。)”可知，消費者可以通過使用窗簾或卷簾，并在一天中陽光最充足的時候關(guān)閉它們，讓他們的家更涼爽，即“它們”指代上文提到的“curtainsorblinds”，故選D。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段的“Youcanalsocontrolyourheatingandcoolingsystemsfromwhereveryouare,aslongasyouhaveyourphoneonyou.(無論你在哪里，只要你帶著手機，你也可以控制你的供暖和制冷系統(tǒng)。)”可知，智能手機在創(chuàng)建智能家庭中，扮演著重要角色，故選C。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“RathnersuggestslookingforseasonalsavingslikeBlackFridaydeals.Someenergyprovidersofferdiscountsonnewsmartthermostats,too.(Rathner建議尋找像黑色星期五這樣的季節(jié)性優(yōu)惠。一些能源供應(yīng)商也為新的智能恒溫器提供折扣。)”可以推理出黑色星期五是可以購買便宜產(chǎn)品的日子，故選A。12．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段的“Consumerscankeeptheirhomescoolerbyusingcurtainsorblindsandkeepingthemclosedduringthesunniestpartoftheday.Turingupthetemperatureonairconditionersby7℃to10℃foratleasteighthoursadaycansaveasmuchas10%fromyearlyenergycosts,Energy.govreports.(消費者可以通過使用窗簾或百葉窗來保持室內(nèi)涼爽，并在一天中陽光最充足的時候關(guān)上窗簾。Energy.gov報告稱將空調(diào)溫度調(diào)高7到10攝氏度，每天至少8小時，每年可節(jié)省10%的能源成本。)”及第三段的“Besides,asmartthermostat(恒溫器)canadjusttemperatureandhelptoreduceenergybills.(此外，智能恒溫器可以調(diào)節(jié)溫度，幫助減少能源費用。)”可知，文章介紹了智能恒溫器的優(yōu)點，主要是減少家庭花銷。故選A。13．B14．A15．D16．D【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)培育出了第一種實驗室培育的咖啡，他們稱這種咖啡“聞起來和嘗起來都像真的咖啡”。文章介紹了這種咖啡的生產(chǎn)過程以及人們對它的看法。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Withlab-growncoffee,theresearcherssaythattheycandealwithproblemsfacingtheglobalcoffeeindustry,suchasaneedforclearingspaceforcoffeeplantstokeepupwithanincreasingneedforthedrinkworldwide.(研究人員表示，通過實驗室培育的咖啡，他們可以解決全球咖啡產(chǎn)業(yè)面臨的諸多問題，比如為滿足全球?qū)@種飲料日益增長的需求，需要為種植咖啡樹騰出空間)”可知，實驗室培育咖啡的原因之一是咖啡的需求市場在不斷增長。故選B。14．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Thecellsaredriedandroastedthencoffeecanbe”以及第三段中“ThefirstcollectionproducedbyVTTintheirlaboratorysmellsandtastesliketraditionalcoffee,accordingtotheresultsofa“sensoryanalysis”.”可知，根據(jù)“感官分析”的結(jié)果，VTT在他們的實驗室中生產(chǎn)的第一批咖啡聞起來和嘗起來都像傳統(tǒng)咖啡，可見這些細胞被烘干，然后就產(chǎn)生了咖啡。故畫線詞意思是“產(chǎn)生”。A.Produced.產(chǎn)生；B.Designed.設(shè)計；C.Collected.收集；D.Measured.測量。故選A。15．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Withlab-growncoffee,theresearcherssaythattheycandealwithproblemsfacingtheglobalcoffeeindustry,suchasaneedforclearingspaceforcoffeeplantstokeepupwithanincreasingneedforthedrinkworldwide.(研究人員表示，通過實驗室培育的咖啡，他們可以解決全球咖啡產(chǎn)業(yè)面臨的諸多問題，比如為滿足全球?qū)@種飲料日益增長的需求，需要為種植咖啡樹騰出空間)”可知，與傳統(tǒng)咖啡相比，實驗室培育的咖啡的優(yōu)勢是可以在實驗室里制作，同時，還可以解決為種植咖啡樹騰空間的問題，可以節(jié)省空間。故選D。16．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Scientistshavecreatedthefirstlab-growncoffee,whichtheysay“smellsandtastesliketherealthing”.(科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)培育出了第一種實驗室培育的咖啡，他們稱這種咖啡“聞起來和嘗起來都像真的咖啡”)”結(jié)合文章還介紹了這種咖啡的生產(chǎn)過程以及人們對它的看法?？赏浦?，本文的主要目的是介紹一項關(guān)于人造咖啡的研究。故選D。17．A18．E19．D20．B21．G【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文，介紹了在氣候變化的情況下保護自己和家人的一些措施。17．根據(jù)后文“Talktoyourdoctoraboutwhattypesofalertsorweathereventsyoushouldbelookingoutforwhenitcomestoheat,stressinteractionswithmedications,orexposurestoheat,coldandvirus.(和你的醫(yī)生談?wù)?，?dāng)涉及到高溫、壓力與藥物的相互作用或暴露于高溫、寒冷和病毒時，你應(yīng)該注意什么類型的警報或天氣事件)”可知，下文建議大家和醫(yī)生談?wù)摻】岛吞鞖庠掝}。故A選項“增加你的健康常識”符合語境，故選A。18．根據(jù)后文“●Prepareanemergencysupplykit.Thisisespeciallyimportantifyouliveinanareawhereflooding,hurricanes,orwildfiresbreakouteasily.Yourfamilyneedtobesafe.(準(zhǔn)備一個應(yīng)急用品包。如果你住在容易發(fā)生洪水、颶風(fēng)或野火的地區(qū)，這一點尤為重要。你的家人需要安全)”可知，上文提到了家人需要安全，本句為最后一段，指出除了人之外，寵物的應(yīng)急設(shè)備也要準(zhǔn)備。故E選項“別忘了寵物的應(yīng)