湖北省高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷附有答案

第第頁(yè)湖北省高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷(附有答案）一、閱讀理解Justapproximately50yearsago,needingmoneytosupportfamily—mynovelsweren’tbestsellers—Ihadtheideaoftakingthelongesttraintripimaginableandwritingatravelbookaboutit.Thetripwouldbeimprovisational—nocreditcard,noideawhereI’dbestaying,noranyideaofhowlongthistripwouldtake.NeverhadIwrittenatravelbook,thoughI’dreadmanyofthem.Myfavoriteswerethosegivingavividanddetaileddescriptionofadifficultandunpleasantexperience,withupsanddowns.ButIhopedmytripwouldn’tbethat,despitethefactthatitwasobviouslyanadventure.Isetoffwithonesmallbagcontainingclothes,amapofAsia,andsometravelers’cheques,ImadeittoMashhad,travelledbybusthroughAfghanistanandrodetherailsagain.Sometimesthreatened,nowandthentired,occasionallylayingupwithfoodpoisoning,Ihadanarrowescape—allofthesevividdetailsformystory.IcameacrossanIndianinAfghanistanwhosaidIshouldpayavisittohiminKanpur,andhegavemehisaddress:“IliveinRailwayBazaar,”asaconsequenceofwhichIhadmytitleearlyonTheGreatRailwayBazaaronmyreturnin1974,appearingthefollowingyeartogoviralandsellwell—andit’sstillinprint,inmanylanguages.Afewyearslater,anideafloodingintomymind,Itookasimilartrip,mostlybytrain,frommyhomeinBostontoPatagonia,andwroteaboutitinTheOldPatagonianExpress.That’sthepast.Nothingisthesamenow.Allsuchtripsareuniqueandunrepeatable.It’snotjustthatthesteamtrainsofAsiaaregone.Muchofthepeaceandorderisgone.Who’driskanIraniantrainnowortakeabusthroughAfghanistan?Alltravelbooksareoutoffashion,buttheypreservesomethingofthepastthatwouldotherwisebelost.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“improvisational”inparagraph2mean?A．Impressive. B．Unprepared. C．Interesting. D．Unforgettable.2．Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthor’strip?A．Exhausting. B．Adventurous. C．Frightening. D．Frustrating.3．WhatgavetheauthorinspirationforthetitleTheGreatRailwayBazaar?A．TheIndianfriendhemet. B．Thetrainridesheexperienced.C．Thedetailsforhisnarrative. D．Theideaoftakingasimilartrip.4．Whatdidtheauthorwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?A．Histravelbooksareoutdated.B．Journeybytrainisnotpopular.C．Histravelbooksconservewhatmaybelost.D．Heisunwillingtotakethetrainorbustotravel.Theideaoflowmaterialdesire,lowconsumptionandrefusingtowork,marryandhavechildren,concludedasa“l(fā)yingdown”lifestyle,recentlystruckachordwithmanyyoungChinesewhoareeagertotakepausetobreatheinthisfast-pacedandhighly-competitivesociety.Manymillennials(千禧一代)andgenerationZscomplainedtotheGlobalTimesthatburdens,includingworkstress,familydisputesandfinancialpressure,havepushedthem“againstthewall”.Theysaidtheyhatethe“involution(內(nèi)卷)”,jokingthattheywouldrathergiveupsomeofwhattheyhavethangettrappedinanendlesscompetitionagainstpeers.“Insteadofalwaysfollowingthe’virtues’ofstruggle,endureandsacrificetobearthestresses,theypreferatemporarylyingdownascatharsis(宣泄)andadjustment,”saidascholar.“Itisnowonderthatsomeyoungpeople,underthegrowingpressuresfromchild-raisingtohousecoststoday,wouldtrytoliveinasimplewayandleavetheworriesbehind.”Interestingly,themajorityofmillennialsandGenZsreachedbytheGlobalTimes,whoclaimtobebigfansofthelyingdownphilosophy,admittedthattheyonlyacceptatemporarylyingdownasashortrest.Itistruethatwiththegreatimprovementoflivingconditions,someChineseyouthshavepartiallylostthespiritofhardshipandarenotwillingtobeartoomuchhardwork.Butinfact,lyingdownisnotentirelycomfortable.Youngpeoplewholiedownalwaysfeelguiltyabouttheirconstantlossofconfidenceinpursuingthedreamsbeyondtheirreach.“Youngpeopleoncampushavebothaspirationsandconfusionabouttheirfuture,butmostofushaverefusedtosetourselvesupinchainstowasteopportunitiesandchallenges,”apostgraduatestudenttoldtheGlobalTimes.“It’snouserunningaway.Ihaveto‘standup’andfacetherealitysoonerorlater.”5．Whatmighthavecausedthe“l(fā)yingdown”lifestyleamongtheyoung?A．Growingpressurefromfamilyandsociallife.B．Improvementsinlivingconditions.C．Increasingmaterialpossessionsfromfamilies.D．Temporaryadjustmenttofailureincompetitions.6．WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinPara.2probablymean?A．Discussion. B．Argument. C．Meeting. D．Agreement.7．What’sthescholar’sattitudetowardthe“l(fā)yingdown”group?A．Understanding. B．Objective. C．Supportive. D．Unclear.8．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheyounggenerationfromthetext?A．Theywouldratherescapethantakechallenges.B．Theyreallyenjoythe“l(fā)yingdown”lifestyle.C．Theyfindtheirdreamsfarbeyondtheirreach.D．Theyneverreallydroptheirresponsibilities.Basedonlargelanguagemodels,theartificialintelligencetoolChatGPTcanoffereverythingfromanswerstobasicgeneralknowledgequestions,towritingessaysandpoemsinnaturalEnglish.AskChatGPTtowriteaboutthehistoryoftheFrenchRevolutionorBattlesofHastings,anditwillprovideaperfectessayinlessthanasecond.It’ssuchapowerfultoolopenlyaccessibletoanystudentforfree.However,AI-basedplagiarism(抄襲)orsocalled“AIgiarism”isfasttakingoffacrossstudentpopulationsinternationally,ringingalarmbellsinschoolsanduniversitiesaroundtheworld.ThedevelopersOpenAIhavesincedecidedtopreventthemisuseofitstechnology.Thecompanyisdevelopingasystem,watermarks,foridentifyingthosewhocheatbysubmittingessayswrittenbyChatGPT.Byusingthesystemwhichchangescertainworksintoarecognizablepattern,themachinewrittentextcouldbeidentifiedbyanyonelookingforthesigns.Thesechangeswouldnotbenoticeabletothereader.Theresearcherssaythatbysettingupthiskindofsecuritysystem,itcouldpreventthetechnologyfrombeingmisusedforwhateverreason.Suchmeasureswillalsopreventanoverdependenceonthetool,whichstillhasalongwaytogobeforeimprovingitsaccuracy,duetothefactthatitcollectstheinformationfromallovertheinternet.OpenAICEOSamAltmansaidinastatementthatitwouldbeamistaketodependonitforanythingimportantatthisstage.Schoolsalsointurnhavetriedtotakemattersintotheirownhands,withmanyacrossEuropeandtheUSupdatingtheirpoliciestowarnofpunishmentsforthosewhoarecaughtusingtheprogramimproperly.OtherschoolshavelimitedinternetnetworkaccesstoChatGPToncampus.ExaminershavethesensetoidentifyessayswrittenbyChatGPTbyalackofemotionorpersonalexperiencesinthem.ThisabilityisahumanadvantageAIwillstruggletocopy.9．WhydoestheauthormentionFrenchRevolutionandBattlesofHastings?A．Toexplainwhattheyare. B．ToshowthepowerofChatGPT.C．TointroducewhatAIgiarismis. D．Tomakeacomparisonbetweenthem.10．Whatcanwelearnaboutthesystemmentionedinparagraph2?A．Thereadersareclearaboutthesystem’sfunction.B．ThereadersareconfidentaboutChatGPT’sfuture.C．ItwillprobablypreventanoverdependenceonChatGPT.D．IthassuccessfullyrecognizedessayswrittenbyChatGPT.11．Whatmessagedoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphtrytoconvey?A．AIisabletomatchhumans. B．AIisstrugglingtosurvivenow.C．AIhasanadvantageoverhumans. D．AIcan’tcopyeverythingfromhumans.12．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ChatGPT—apowerfultool B．ChatGPTisforbiddeninschoolsC．OpenAIisdevelopinganewsystem D．ActionsagainstthemisuseofChatGPTCanasmallgroupofdrones(無(wú)人機(jī))guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday’s“eyesinthesky”technologytomakesurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient(高效)acrosstheboard.Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon’tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.13．Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?A．Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines. B．Drones’abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.C．Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones. D．Drones’reliableperformanceinremoteareas.14．Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A．Personnelsafety. B．Assistancefromdrones.C．Inspectionandrepair. D．Constructionofinfrastructure.15．Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?A．Toprovideearlywarning. B．Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.C．Toearnprofitsforthecrews. D．Toacceleratetransportation.16．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDronesB．HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpandedC．WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFaceD．HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailways二、七選五Everysingletimeyoustepoutsideyourcomfortzone,youattractabundancetoyou.17.Hereareafewwaystohelpyoustepoutsideyourcomfortzoneandintoyourvastpower:1.BeclearonyourwhyBeforesteppingoutsideyourcomfortzone,beclearonwhyyouwanttodoso.18.The“why”iswhatwillkeepyoufocusedandconnectedtoyourvisionandkeepyoumotivatedifyouaremetwithanychallengesorobstacles.2.RemoveexcusesExcusesarenothingmorethanaformofself-sabotage.(自我懈怠)19.Butwemustexposeourexcusesforwhattheyreallyare:anexpressionofourfearanddoubt.Theycomeouttoholdusbackfrommovingforwardandsteppingintoourpowerwhenwesubconsciouslyfeelthatwearenotyetreadyforgreatness.Thewaytoremoveexcusesistoquestioneveryaspectofthem.Byquestioningthem,wetakeawaytheirpower.3.20Whenwestepoutsideourcomfortzone,everythingwillbenew,whichmeansthatinevitablywewillbefacedwithsomeobstaclestoovercome.Challengesareanunavoidablepartoflifeand,ratherthanseeingthemaslimitations,Iurgeyoutobegintoseethemasgiftsandopportunities.Challengesgiveusthechancetoshowupforourselves,tolearnsomethingnew,tobuildstrength,knowledge,andadaptability.21.Makeachoice,rightnow,tobeguidedbychallengesthatyoumayfaceinsteadofbeingputoffbythem.Indoingso,yousendamessagetotheuniversethatsays,“IamstrongerthanthechallengeIamfacedwith,”andthentheuniversewillrewardyourself-beliefwithabundance.A．GetridofchallengesB．Theygiveusan“out”C．Don’tgiveupwhenfacedwithchallengesD．YouwillberequiredtostepoutsideyourcomfortzoneE．The“why”iswhatwilldriveyouthroughthediscomfortF．ThisisbecausemagichappensoutsideyourcomfortzoneG．Challengespushusinnewdirectionsandgiveusnewperspectives三、完形填空“Hey!’Youhaveahairlessspotonthebackofyourhead!”Mom’salarmedcryhitmelikeashock.Itriedtoshrugitoff.“It’llgrowback.”Iworkedtosound22.Atfirst,thelosswasminimal.23thespotwithmyfingersbecamethetoppriorityeveryday.Nonewhair,smoothasanegg.Weekslater,thespotwasalittlelarger,andtherewasstillno24ofanyhairpokingthroughtheskin.Ibeganto25,butcontinuedtotrytobecoolaboutit.Asdayswentby,myhairstartedtofallfasterandmore.26myfingersthroughit,Iwouldstareatthealarmingquantityofhairinmyhands,willingthisto27happeningtome.Wewenttoseeadoctor,whodiagnosedmyconditionasalopecia(脫發(fā)癥).Herecommendedaninjectiontotry,whichwouldbe28totheheadskin.Iunderwentseveralcostlyinjectionsoverafewmonths,butinvain.29theinjectionbegantotroublemysleep,andwefinallyhadtostopthe30.Myhairstilldidn’tgrowback.Ihadtowearawig(假發(fā))toschooleveryday,worrieditmightsliponedayandthateverythingwould31.ThoughawarethatIshould32thefacttomyfriends,Iwasscared,notknowinghowtheywouldhandletheinformation.33,hesitantly,Itoldthemwhatwashappeningafterdaysofstruggle.Tomysurprise,theyallthoughtnothingofit.Thiswasa(n)34forme.Icametorealizethatwhathadhappenedwasnotmyfault,andnotsomethingIshouldfeel35of.Iamlearningthatbeingbalddoesn’tchangewhoIam,andifIdon’tletitaffectmyself36thenotherpeoplearemuchmorelikelytoacceptmeasIam,too.22．A．mild B．calm C．upset D．relieved23．A．Checking B．Polishing C．Clearing D．Covering24．A．sense B．chance C．sign D．way25．A．wonder B．panic C．swing D．withdraw26．A．Reaching B．Shifting C．Feeling D．Running27．A．delay B．a(chǎn)void C．cease D．keep28．A．a(chǎn)ttached B．connected C．guided D．a(chǎn)pplied29．A．Afterall B．Worsestill C．Inbrief D．Bycontrast30．A．motion B．procedure C．routine D．mission31．A．breakout B．drawtoaclose C．fadeaway D．cometolight32．A．reveal B．restrict C．distribute D．highlight33．A．Instead B．Furthermore C．Anyway D．Thus34．A．blow B．credit C．exception D．miracle35．A．proud B．a(chǎn)shamed C．fond D．guilty36．A．evaluation B．introduction C．a(chǎn)cceptance D．dependence四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChinesefemalescientistTUYouyou,37(award)theNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicineonOct6whenshewas85yearsold,was38firstChinesecitizentowinaNobelPrizeinscience.Tu39(share)theprizewiththeIrish-bornWilliamCampbellandSatoshiomuraofJapan.TuYouyouisacommittedandpatientresearcherattheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicine.Shewasawarded40developingartemisinin,“anewdrugtherapyagainstmalaria”41hassavedmillionsoflivesworldwide,42(especial)indevelopingcountries,theNobelAssemblysaidonitswebsite.Tuandhercolleaguesjoinedagovernmentproject43(find)anewmalariadruginthelate1960s.Theyexaminedover2,000recipesfromtraditionalChinese44(medicine)books.In1971,aftermorethan19045(fail),Tu’steamfinallyfoundanextractthatwas100percenteffectiveagainstmalaria.“ThediscoveryofartemisininisagifttomankindfromtraditionalChinesemedicine.It’sthecollectiveachievementoftheresearchteam.46(win)theprizeisanhonorforChina’sscienceandtraditionalChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.”TutoldXinhua.五、其他應(yīng)用文47．假定你是育才中學(xué)學(xué)生李華，你的英國(guó)筆友Davis發(fā)來(lái)郵件，詢問(wèn)你是如何利用博物館資源促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)的。請(qǐng)你給他回一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．博物館資源情況；2．你的經(jīng)歷；3．你的感受。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．可話當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearDavis,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua六、讀后續(xù)寫48．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WhenthelastcustomerleftKFC,itwasalready10:30pm.Adam,an18-year-oldcollegestudent,draggedhimselfhome.HehadbeenworkingatKFCforoveramonththatsummervacation.Enteringhisroom,AdamfoundhisyoungerbrotherBillsittingontheedgeofhisbedwithanuneasyexpressiononhisface.“Sorry,Adam.I…Ididsomethingwrong,”Billsprangupandsaidnervously.“Whatisit?”“ThisafternoonIsneaked(溜)outforarideonyourmotorcycleandaccidentallyhitourneighborOsmanBrook’scar.IwassoscaredandI…Ihurriedhomeinpanic.”“Isthecarseriouslydamaged?”“Theleftheadlightgotbroken.”“It’strulyyourfaultandit’sreallydangeroustorideamotorcycleatyourage.Besides,it’sillegal,”Adamraisedhisvoice,obviouslyannoyed.Hearingthis,Billloweredhisheadandbithislipshard.“Anyway,it’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.Iwilldealwithittomorrow.Nowyougotobedandhaveagoodsleep.”ThenextmorningwhenAdamgotup,Billwasstillsleepingsoundly.Adamwasmoredeterminedaboutwhatheoughttodoasanelderbrother.Afterbreakfast,Adamtookoutallthemoneyhehadearnedandwentoutofthehousewithit.Intheyardhesawhismotorcycle,onwhosesidethescratches(劃痕)wereclearlyvisible.Adamshookhisheadandsighedslightly.ThenhesquaredhisshouldersandquickenedhispacetoOsman’shouse.Whenhearrived,hewaswelcomedbyOsman’swifeMary,whotoldhimthatOsmanhadgonetothegaragetohavehiscarrepaired.“Ihavesomethingimportanttotellhim.CanIwaituntilhecomesback?”Adamrequestedeagerly.“Ofcourse.Heshouldbehomesoon,”MaryinvitedAdamin,servedhimacupofcoffeeandbeganchattingwithhim.Afterhalfanhour,thedooropenedandincameOsman.Havingsaidhellotoeachother,OsmanandAdambothsatdownonthesofa.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Adamclearedhisthroatandbegantospeak._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Justthen,therecameaknockatthedoor._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案1．B2．B3．A4．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。作者回憶了50年前他在亞洲的一次冒險(xiǎn)之旅，感慨一個(gè)時(shí)代的過(guò)去，而他的游記保存了那段歷史。1．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后“nocreditcard,noideawhereI’dbestaying,noranyideaofhowlongthistripwouldtake.(沒(méi)有信用卡，不知道我會(huì)住在哪里，也不知道這次旅行要花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。)”可知，作者的旅行沒(méi)有任命規(guī)劃和準(zhǔn)備，所以improvisational與unprepared意思相近，意為“無(wú)準(zhǔn)備的”。故選B項(xiàng)。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ButIhopedmytripwouldn’tbethat,despitethefactthatitwasobviouslyanadventure.(但我希望我的旅行不會(huì)是那樣，盡管這顯然是一次冒險(xiǎn)。)”和第三段中“Isetoffwithonesmallbagcontainingclothes,amapofAsia,andsometravelers’cheques,ImadeittoMashhad,travelledbybusthroughAfghanistanandrodetherailsagain.Sometimesthreatened,nowandthentired,occasionallylayingupwithfoodpoisoning,Ihadanarrowescape—allofthesevividdetailsformystory.(我?guī)е粋€(gè)裝著衣服、一張亞洲地圖和一些旅行支票的小包出發(fā)了。我到達(dá)了馬什哈德，乘公共汽車穿過(guò)阿富汗，然后又坐上了火車。有時(shí)受到威脅，有時(shí)疲憊不堪，偶爾因?yàn)槭澄镏卸咎稍诖采?，我死里逃生——所有這些都是我故事中生動(dòng)的細(xì)節(jié)。)”可推知，這是一次冒險(xiǎn)之旅。故選B項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“IcameacrossanIndianinAfghanistanwhosaidIshouldpayavisittohiminKanpur,andhegavemehisaddress:“IliveinRailwayBazaar,”asaconsequenceofwhichIhadmytitleearlyonTheGreatRailwayBazaaronmyreturnin1974(我在阿富汗遇到一個(gè)印度人，他說(shuō)我應(yīng)該去坎普爾拜訪他，他給了我他的地址：“我住在鐵路巴扎?！币虼?，1974年我回國(guó)時(shí)，我的《大鐵路巴扎》一書的早期就有了標(biāo)題)”可知，作者在阿富汗遇到一個(gè)印度朋友給了他書名《大鐵路巴扎》的靈感。故選A項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“That’sthepast.Nothingisthesamenow.Allsuchtripsareuniqueandunrepeatable.It’snotjustthatthesteamtrainsofAsiaaregone.Muchofthepeaceandorderisgone.Who’driskanIraniantrainnowortakeabusthroughAfghanistan?Alltravelbooksareoutoffashion,buttheypreservesomethingofthepastthatwouldotherwisebelost.(那是過(guò)去的事了。現(xiàn)在什么都不一樣了。所有這些旅行都是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的，不可重復(fù)的。這不僅僅是因?yàn)閬喼薜恼羝疖囅Я恕４蟛糠值暮推脚c秩序已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在。現(xiàn)在誰(shuí)會(huì)冒險(xiǎn)坐伊朗火車或者坐大巴穿過(guò)阿富汗?所有的旅行書都過(guò)時(shí)了，但它們保留了一些過(guò)去的東西，否則這些東西就會(huì)丟失。)”可知，作者在最后一段想告訴我們他的游記保存了歷史，保存了一些可能會(huì)丟失的東西。故選C項(xiàng)。5．A6．B7．A8．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文，文章講述的是在這個(gè)快節(jié)奏競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的社會(huì)中，許多年輕人渴望暫時(shí)停下來(lái)喘口氣。因此他們選擇“躺平”。雖然如此，但是大多數(shù)人都不想浪費(fèi)機(jī)會(huì)和挑戰(zhàn)，也不會(huì)真正放下自己所承擔(dān)的責(zé)任。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Manymillennials(千禧一代)andgenerationZscomplainedtotheGlobalTimesthatburdens,includingworkstress,familydisputesandfinancialpressure,havepushedthem“againstthewall”.(許多千禧一代和z一代向《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》抱怨，工作壓力、家庭糾紛和經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力等負(fù)擔(dān)把他們“推到了墻角”。)”可知，來(lái)自家庭和社會(huì)生活中的日益增長(zhǎng)的壓力可能是導(dǎo)致年輕人選擇“躺平”生活方式的主要原因。故選A。6．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中劃線詞前面的“burdens,includingworkstress(負(fù)擔(dān)，包括工作壓力)”以及劃線詞后面的“financialpressure(經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力)”可知，此處劃線詞與這些詞構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)，故應(yīng)該是貶義詞，argument意為“紛爭(zhēng)，爭(zhēng)論”，與劃線詞dispute為近義詞。故選B。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Insteadofalwaysfollowingthevirtuesofstruggle,endureandsacrificetobearthestresses,theypreferatemporarylyingdownascatharsis(宣泄)andadjustment.(他們不總是遵循奮斗、忍耐和犧牲的“美德”來(lái)承受壓力，而是喜歡暫時(shí)躺下作為宣泄和調(diào)整。)”以及下文的“Itisnowonderthatsomeyoungpeople,underthegrowingpressuresfromchild-raisingtohousecoststoday,wouldtrytoliveinasimplewayandleavetheworriesbehind.(難怪一些年輕人，在日益增長(zhǎng)的壓力下，從撫養(yǎng)孩子到住房成本，試圖生活在簡(jiǎn)單的方式，把煩惱拋在身后。)”可知，學(xué)者們對(duì)“躺平”群體的態(tài)度是理解的。故選A。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Youngpeopleoncampushavebothaspirationsandconfusionabouttheirfuture,butmostofushaverefusedtosetourselvesupinchainstowasteopportunitiesandchallenges.(校園里的年輕人對(duì)他們的未來(lái)既有憧憬又有困惑，但我們大多數(shù)人拒絕把自己束縛在浪費(fèi)機(jī)會(huì)和挑戰(zhàn)的枷鎖中。)”以及“It’snouserunningaway.Ihaveto‘standup’andfacetherealitysoonerorlater.(是沒(méi)有用的。我遲早要‘站起來(lái)’面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。)”可知，他們不會(huì)逃避，不會(huì)真正的放下自己的責(zé)任。故選D。9．B10．C11．D12．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了OpenAI公司正在開(kāi)發(fā)一種系統(tǒng)，防止濫用ChatGPT。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“AskChatGPTtowriteaboutthehistoryoftheFrenchRevolutionorBattlesofHastings,anditwillprovideaperfectessayinlessthanasecond.(讓ChatGPT寫一篇關(guān)于法國(guó)大革命或黑斯廷斯戰(zhàn)役的歷史，它會(huì)在不到一秒鐘的時(shí)間內(nèi)提供一篇完美的文章。)”可知，作者提到法國(guó)大革命和黑斯廷斯戰(zhàn)役來(lái)展示ChatGPT的強(qiáng)大功能。故選B項(xiàng)。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Suchmeasureswillalsopreventanoverdependenceonthetool,whichstillhasalongwaytogobeforeimprovingitsaccuracy,duetothefactthatitcollectstheinformationfromallovertheinternet.(這些措施還將防止對(duì)該工具的過(guò)度依賴，由于它收集了來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的所有信息，因此在提高其準(zhǔn)確性之前還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。)”可知，這可能會(huì)防止對(duì)ChatGPT的過(guò)度依賴。故選C項(xiàng)。11．詞句猜測(cè)題。劃線詞句前文“ExaminershavethesensetoidentifyessayswrittenbyChatGPTbyalackofemotionorpersonalexperiencesinthem.(考官們能夠通過(guò)ChatGPT寫的文章缺乏情感或個(gè)人經(jīng)歷來(lái)識(shí)別它們。)”說(shuō)明通過(guò)ChatGPT寫的文章缺乏情感或個(gè)人經(jīng)歷，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€句“ThisabilityisahumanadvantageAIwillstruggletocopy.”應(yīng)為“人工智能不能復(fù)制人類的一切”的意思。故選D項(xiàng)。12．主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第二段中“ThedevelopersOpenAIhavesincedecidedtopreventthemisuseofitstechnology.Thecompanyisdevelopingasystem,watermarks,foridentifyingthosewhocheatbysubmittingessayswrittenbyChatGPT.(開(kāi)發(fā)者OpenAI已經(jīng)決定防止其技術(shù)被濫用。該公司正在開(kāi)發(fā)一種名為‘水印’的系統(tǒng)，用于識(shí)別那些通過(guò)提交ChatGPT撰寫的論文而作弊的人。)”可知，本文講述了OpenAI公司正在開(kāi)發(fā)一種系統(tǒng)，防止濫用ChatGPT。D項(xiàng)“防止濫用ChatGPT的行動(dòng)”符合主題，故選D項(xiàng)。13．A14．C15．A16．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。應(yīng)用今天的“空中之眼”的技術(shù)，無(wú)人機(jī)能在保證鐵路安全可靠的同時(shí)又能幫助鐵路運(yùn)營(yíng)商每年節(jié)省數(shù)十億歐元。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.(無(wú)人機(jī)已經(jīng)被用于檢查高壓電線。他們完全可以做同樣的事情來(lái)檢查鐵路線路和鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的其他重要方面，如鐵路軌道和換乘點(diǎn)的正確位置)”可推知，使用無(wú)人機(jī)檢查電力線使無(wú)人機(jī)應(yīng)用于鐵路線路成為可能。故選A。14．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.(據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，僅歐洲鐵路公司每年在鐵路維護(hù)上的花費(fèi)就約為200億歐元，其中包括經(jīng)常在夜間派遣維修人員檢查和維修鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)”可知花在maintenance上的費(fèi)用是用于“inspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure（檢查和維修鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施”，由此可知“Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety”是指大幅節(jié)省檢修成本和更好地保護(hù)鐵路人員安全，畫線詞和C項(xiàng)：Inspectionandrepair(檢修)含義相近。故選C。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.(帶有先進(jìn)傳感器和人工智能的非常小的無(wú)人機(jī)可以像副駕駛一樣在火車前面行駛。憑借他們的預(yù)見(jiàn)能力，他們可以發(fā)出任何問(wèn)題的信號(hào)，以便快速行駛的火車能夠及時(shí)做出反應(yīng))”可知，對(duì)于無(wú)人機(jī)期待的功能是提前發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。故選A。16．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Canasmallgroupofdrones(無(wú)人機(jī))guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday’s“eyesinthesky”technologytomakesurethatthemillionsofkilometersofrailtracksandinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.(一小群無(wú)人機(jī)能否在保證鐵路安全可靠的同時(shí)，幫助鐵路運(yùn)營(yíng)商每年節(jié)省數(shù)十億歐元？這很可能是應(yīng)用今天的“空中之眼”技術(shù)的未來(lái)，以確保全球數(shù)百萬(wàn)公里的鐵路軌道和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施全天候安全運(yùn)行。)”以及后文第二段講到了使用無(wú)人機(jī)檢查電力線路使無(wú)人機(jī)應(yīng)用于鐵路線路成為可能;第三段講到了使用無(wú)人機(jī)大幅節(jié)省維護(hù)成本和更好地保護(hù)鐵路人員安全；第四段講到了通過(guò)使用最新的技術(shù)，無(wú)人機(jī)還可以開(kāi)始為鐵路提供更高的價(jià)值，可知文章主要講述了無(wú)人機(jī)將如何改變鐵路的未來(lái)，所以D項(xiàng)“無(wú)人機(jī)將如何改變鐵路的未來(lái)?！狈衔恼轮行乃枷?，適合作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】17．F18．E19．B20．C21．G【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了踏出舒適圈的三個(gè)步驟。17．根據(jù)上文“Everysingletimeyoustepoutsideyourcomfortzone,youattractabundancetoyou.(每當(dāng)你走出舒適區(qū)，你就會(huì)吸引更多的人。)”可知，空處承接上文，解釋了原因。F項(xiàng)：Thisisbecausemagichappensoutsideyourcomfortzone.(這是因?yàn)槠孥E發(fā)生在你的舒適區(qū)之外。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。18．根據(jù)段落小標(biāo)題“Beclearonyourwhy.(明確你的原因。)”可知，這一段講的是為什么要這樣做。E項(xiàng)中的“The“why””和標(biāo)題對(duì)應(yīng)。E項(xiàng)：The“why”iswhatwilldriveyouthroughthediscomfort.(“為什么”會(huì)驅(qū)使你克服不適。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。19．根據(jù)上文“Excusesarenothingmorethanaformofself-sabotage.(借口只不過(guò)是自我懈怠的一種形式。)”可知，借口只不過(guò)是自我懈怠。B選項(xiàng)的“they”指代的就是excuses，他們就是來(lái)阻礙我們前進(jìn)的。B項(xiàng)：Theygiveusan“out”.(它們給我們一個(gè)“出局”。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。20．空處為段落小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Whenwestepoutsideourcomfortzone,everythingwillbenew,whichmeansthatinevitablywewillbefacedwithsomeobstaclestoovercome.(當(dāng)我們走出自己的舒適區(qū)，一切都將是新的，這意味著我們將不可避免地面臨一些需要克服的障礙。)”可知，本段主要講述的是要努力戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn)。C項(xiàng)中的“challenges”和上文的“obstacles”對(duì)應(yīng)。C項(xiàng)：Don’tgiveupwhenfacedwithchallenges.(面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)不要放棄。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。21．根據(jù)上文“Challengesgiveusthechancetoshowupforourselves,tolearnsomethingnew,tobuildstrength,knowledge,andadaptability.(挑戰(zhàn)給了我們展示自我的機(jī)會(huì)，讓我們學(xué)習(xí)新東西，增強(qiáng)力量、知識(shí)和適應(yīng)能力。)”可知，這里講述了挑戰(zhàn)的好處，空處承接上文，繼續(xù)講挑戰(zhàn)的好處。G項(xiàng)：Challengespushusinnewdirectionsandgiveusnewperspectives.(挑戰(zhàn)把我們推向新的方向，給我們新的視角。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。22．B23．A24．C25．B26．D27．C