2022年高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解D深度解析全

2022年高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解D深度解析(名校內(nèi)部資料)DAsweage,evenifwe'rehealthy,theheartjustisn'tasefficientinprocessingoxygenasitusedtobe.Inmostpeoplethefirstsignsshowupintheir50sorearly60s.Andamongpeoplewhodon’texercise,thechangescanstartevensooner.“Thinkofarubberband.Inthebeginning,itisflexible,butputitinadrawerfor20yearsanditwillbecomedryandeasilybroken,”saysDr.BenLevine,aheartspecialistattheUniversityofTexas.That'swhathappenstotheheart.Fortunatelyforthoseinmidlife,Levineisfindingthatevenifyouhaven'tbeenanenthusiasticexerciser,gettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyouragingheart.Levineandhisresearchteamselectedvolunteersagedbetween45and64whodidnotexercisemuchbutwereotherwisehealthy.Participantswererandomlydividedintotwogroups.Thefirstgroupparticipatedinaprogramofnonaerobic(無(wú)氧)exercise—balancetrainingandweighttraining—threetimesaweek.Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.Aftertwoyears,thesecondgroupsawremarkableimprovementsinhearthealth.“Wetookthese50-year-oldheartsandturnedtheclockbackto30-or35-year-oldhearts,”saysLevine.“Andthereasontheygotsomuchstrongerandfitterwasthattheirheartscouldnowfillalotbetterandpump(泵送)alotmorebloodduringexercise.”Buttheheartsofthosewhoparticipatedinlessintenseexercisedidn’tchange,hesays.“Thesweetspotinlifetostartexercising,ifyouhaven'talready,isinlatemiddleagewhentheheartstillhasflexibility,”Levinesays.“Weputhealthy70-year-oldsthroughayearlongexercisetrainingprogram,andnothinghappenedtothematall.”Dr.NiecaGoldberg,aspokeswomanfortheAmericanHeartAssociation,saysLevine’sfindingsareagreatstart.Butthestudywassmallandneedstoberepeatedwithfarlargergroupsofpeopletodetermineexactlywhichaspectsofanexerciseroutinemakethebiggestdifference.32.WhatdoesLevinewanttoexplainbymentioningtherubberband?A.Therightwayofexercising.B.Thecausesofaheartattack.C.Thedifficultyofkeepingfit.D.Theagingprocessoftheheart.33.Inwhichaspectwerethetwogroupsdifferentintermsofresearchdesign?A.Dietplan.B.Professionalbackground.C.Exercisetype.D.Previousphysicalcondition.34.WhatdoesLevine'sresearchfind?A.Middle-agedheartsgetyoungerwithaerobicexercise.B.High-intensityexerciseismoresuitablefortheyoung.C.Itisnevertoolateforpeopletostarttakingexercise.D.Themoreexercisewedothestrongerourheartsget.35.WhatdoesDr.NiecaGoldbergsuggest?A.Makinguseofthefindings.B.Interviewingthestudyparticipants.C.Conductingfurtherresearch.D.Clarifyingthepurposeofthestudy.參考答案：DCAC文章主旨：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明鍛煉能使我們的心臟變得強(qiáng)壯，而且最晚在中年后期開始鍛煉，效果更佳。答案解析：32.本題應(yīng)選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thinkofarubberband.Inthebeginning,itisflexible,butputitinadrawerfor20yearsanditwillbecomedryandeasilybroken,”saysDr.BenLevine,aheartspecialistattheUniversityofTexas.That’swhathappenstotheheart.“想象一下橡皮筋。一開始，它是靈活的，但把它放在抽屜里20年，它就會(huì)變得干燥，很容易斷，”德克薩斯大學(xué)的心臟專家本·萊文博士說(shuō)。這就是心臟的變化?！庇纱丝芍R文提到橡皮筋的變化是為了解釋心臟老化的過程，因此應(yīng)選D。選項(xiàng)含義：A.正確的鍛煉方式。B.心臟病發(fā)作的原因。C.保持健康的困難。D.心臟的老化過程。33.本題應(yīng)選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的Thefirstgroupparticipatedinaprogramofnonaerobicexercise—balancetrainingandweighttraining—threetimesaweek.Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.第一組參加每周三次的非有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)--平衡訓(xùn)練和重量訓(xùn)練。第二組在教練的指導(dǎo)下每周進(jìn)行四天或更多的高強(qiáng)度有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)。由此可知，在研究設(shè)計(jì)方面研究人員為兩組設(shè)計(jì)了不同類型的運(yùn)動(dòng)，因此應(yīng)選C。選項(xiàng)含義：A.飲食計(jì)劃。B.專業(yè)背景。C.鍛煉類型。D.以前的身體狀況。34.本題應(yīng)選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.Aftertwoyears,thesecondgroupsawremarkableimprovementsinhearthealth.第二組在教練的指導(dǎo)下每周進(jìn)行四天或更多的高強(qiáng)度有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)。兩年后，第二組的心臟健康狀況有了顯著改善。和第四段的“Wetookthese50-year-oldheartsandturnedtheclockbackto30-or35-year-oldhearts,”saysLevine.萊文說(shuō):“我們把這些50歲的心臟轉(zhuǎn)回30或35歲的心臟?！庇纱丝芍R文的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)通過有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)，中年人的心臟會(huì)變得更年輕，因此應(yīng)選A。選項(xiàng)含義：A.有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)使中年人的心臟更年輕。B.高強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)更適合年輕人。C.人們開始鍛煉身體永遠(yuǎn)都不晚。D.我們運(yùn)動(dòng)得越多，心臟就越強(qiáng)壯。35.本題應(yīng)選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Butthestudywassmallandneedstoberepeatedwithfarlargergroupsofpeopletodetermineexactlywhichaspectsofanexerciseroutinemakethebiggestdifference.但這項(xiàng)研究的規(guī)模較小，需要在更大的人群中重復(fù)進(jìn)行，以確定日常鍛煉的哪些方面會(huì)產(chǎn)生最大的影響。由此可知，Dr.NiecaGoldberg建議進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的研究。因此應(yīng)選C。選項(xiàng)含義：A.利用調(diào)查結(jié)果。B.采訪研究參與者。C.進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步研究。D.闡明研究的目的。長(zhǎng)難句分析：1.Fortunatelyforthoseinmidlife,Levineisfindingthatevenifyouhaven'tbeenanenthusiasticexerciser,gettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyouragingheart.句意：幸運(yùn)的是，對(duì)于那些中年人來(lái)說(shuō)，即使你不是一個(gè)熱情的運(yùn)動(dòng)者，現(xiàn)在健身可能有助于改善你老化的心臟。句式結(jié)構(gòu)：本句為主從復(fù)合句，主要結(jié)構(gòu)：Levineisfindingthat...，that引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，F(xiàn)ortunatelyforthoseinmidlife為狀語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)從句中g(shù)ettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyouragingheart.為主句，evenif引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。2.Butthestudywassmallandneedstoberepeatedwithfarlargergroupsofpeopletodetermineexactlywhichaspectsofanexerciseroutinemakethebiggestdifference.句意：但這項(xiàng)研究規(guī)模較小，需要在更大的人群中進(jìn)行重復(fù)研究，以確定日常鍛煉的哪些方面會(huì)產(chǎn)生最大的影響。句式結(jié)構(gòu)：本句為主從復(fù)合句，主要結(jié)構(gòu)為：thestudywassmallandneedstoberepeated，句中todetermineexactlywhichaspectsofanexerciseroutinemakethebiggestdifference.作目的狀語(yǔ)，which引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。重難點(diǎn)詞匯：efficientadj.效率高的processv處理，加工n步驟，程序

oxygenn氧氣

flexibleadj

靈活的，柔韌的flexibilityn靈活性

specialistn專家，?？漆t(yī)生participantn參與者

participatev參與

randomlyadv隨機(jī)地

guidancen指導(dǎo)aspect