高三一輪復習公開課七選五解題思路及技巧課件

高考英語專題復習七選五高考英語專題復習七選五

命題目的：主要考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結構以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。

命題目的：主要考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結構短文特點卷別年份長度體裁題材I卷

2017268記敘記敘作者露營態(tài)度的轉變2016258說明介紹密碼的三種類型2015272說明如何重建信任短文特點卷別年份長度體裁題材I2017268記敘記敘作者露考點分析卷別Ⅰ卷年份201720162015主旨段落標題主題句37,3937,3838,39段中過渡句(句際關系)順承關系39因果關系37舉例關系考點分析卷別Ⅰ卷年份201720162015主旨卷別Ⅰ卷年份201720162015主旨總分關系轉折關系36,384040段中過渡句(句際關系)并列排比36重述解釋對立關系36段末總結句40卷別Ⅰ卷年份201720162015主旨總分關系四.試題基本類型：主旨大意題和細節(jié)分析題五.解題的基本步驟：（一）通讀全文及選項，理清文章結構及脈絡

文章結構：

（1）議論文和說明文基本結構類型△▽

（2）記敘文注意時間和空間順序（二）先易后難確定選項（三）復讀檢查，代入核對四.試題基本類型：主旨大意題和細節(jié)分析題六、基本解題思路

以信息重現(xiàn)或相關和信息之間的邏輯關系為依據(jù)來確定選項。六、基本解題思路七、七選五閱讀主要解題技巧（一）信息重現(xiàn)和相關類

高三一輪復習公開課七選五解題思路及技巧ppt課件(1)信息重現(xiàn)(詞語復現(xiàn)/同疇同現(xiàn))①詞語復現(xiàn)：就是空格前、后句中與正確選項中含有相同的一個或幾個詞，叫原詞或同詞復現(xiàn)；如果前后句與選項中雖然沒有相同的詞，但有同義表達，叫同義復現(xiàn)。如：

(1)信息重現(xiàn)(詞語復現(xiàn)/同疇同現(xiàn))(2017全國Ⅱ卷)Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou’retryingtogetworkdone.36,thereareseveralwaystohandlethings.Let’stakealookatthemnow.解析：根據(jù)空格后的逗號可知，空格處應選一個從句，再根據(jù)后文中提到的幾種避免在工作中被打擾的方法，選項中的interruption與第一句中的interruption為原詞復現(xiàn)可知，答案選B項。A.Ifyou’rebusy,don’tfeelbadaboutsayingnoB.Whenyouwanttoavoidinterruptionsatwork應選一個從句原詞復現(xiàn)(2017全國Ⅱ卷)Interruptionsare解析：與空后句中的ingredients(配料),pancakes(薄煎餅)可能同時出現(xiàn)的，只有選項A中的cook，故選A項(鼓勵孩子跟你一起烹飪)。(2014全國Ⅰ卷)Yourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.37Askkids,“Whatingredients(配料)canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?”A.Encouragekidstocookwithyou.C.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.詞語同現(xiàn)解析：與空后句中的ingredients(配料),panc(2)結構重現(xiàn)(2)結構重現(xiàn)解析：分析語境可知，該處仍在談論密碼本，由此可鎖定A項，該句與空后一句結構相同，可確定為答案。(2016全國Ⅰ卷)Themessage“bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”40______A________However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A.It

is

very

hard

to

break

a

code

without

the

code

book.C.Only

people

who

know

the

keyword

can

read

the

message.解析：分析語境可知，該處仍在談論密碼本，由此可鎖定A項，該句二.把握句際的邏輯關系1.主旨大意類（總→分分→總因→果）

（1）主題句（段首或段末）據(jù)“分”“總”。(2017全國Ⅲ卷)…Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.Hereishowtomakeone.●37Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyit’simportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?Onceyouareclearaboutyourreason,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.A.Getasleepspecialist.B.Findtherightmotivation.動機總論二.把握句際的邏輯關系(2017全國Ⅲ卷)…Abette解析：該句“找到正確的動機”是該段的總論，下文中提到的“與家人共進早餐，做晨練，或者為今天的工作做好準備”都是為早晨起床所找的理由，即起床的動機，故答案為B項。(總—分關系)解析：該句“找到正確的動機”是該段的總論，下文中提到的“與家（2）結論句（段末或文章最后一段）常用詞語有：inshort,inbelief,insummary,inaword,onthewhole,inconclusion....Thesestepsaren’tmagic,buttheydowork.Andifyoucanstaypositiveasyoumakeyourwaythroughatoughtime,you’llhelpyourselffeelbetterevenfaster37C.Differentpeoplefeelstressindifferentways.D．Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.Thesestepsaren’tmagic,but解析：根據(jù)Andifyoucanstaypositiveasyoumakeyourwaythroughatoughtime,you’llhelpyourselffeelbetterevenfaster.如果你再經(jīng)歷困苦的時候保持樂觀的態(tài)度，你就會感覺好得多。等到壓力消失的時候感覺就好了，故選D。解析：根據(jù)Andifyoucanstayposit（3）小標題（段首，短小精悍）Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.●

37Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).18.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.●Recall(回憶)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.

A.KnowwhyyougardenB.Findagoodplaceforyourowngarden（3）小標題（段首，短小精悍）Itstartswi解析：A根據(jù)本段最后一句However，thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden．Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears．“然而，有很多能解釋你為什么想做園藝的原因”可知我們首先要搞清楚為什么要做園藝，故選A．解析：A根據(jù)本段最后一句However，thereare二.把握句際的邏輯關系2.細節(jié)分析類

（1）分述類●YouareaspecialpersonacloneMostimportantly,goodpublicspeakingtrainingshouldtreatyouasaspecialone,withYourownpersonalhabits.5.Yourtrainingcourseshouldhelpyoubringoutyourpersonality,Nottrytoturnyouintosomeoneyou’renot.

.

A.Youaren’tlikeanybodyelseE.Whateverthepresentation,publicspeakingistough二.把握句際的邏輯關系●Youarea解析：根據(jù)treatyouasaspecialone,withyourownpersonalhabits可知，本段講的是“與眾不同”，故選A。．解析：根據(jù)treatyouasaspecialon(2)順承關系：順承是按時間、空間或邏輯事理上的順序說出連續(xù)的動作或相關的情況，分句之間有先后相承的關系。如：(2016全國Ⅰ卷)

Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.39A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedown

wordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.必須要有代碼書如果有代碼書順承關系(2)順承關系：順承是按時間、空間或邏輯事理上的順序說出連解析：前句“要讀懂代碼的真實信息，你必須要有本代碼書”與選項F“如果有一本代碼書，你就可以把它們所代表的其他詞寫下來”是順承關系。選項F中的acodebook與空前句中的acodebook是原詞復現(xiàn)。故選F項。解析：前句“要讀懂代碼的真實信息，你必須要有本代碼書”與選項(3)轉折關系：選項或空后句中常有but,however,instead等詞。如：(2017全國Ⅰ卷)IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping.Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.36Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.…舉例說明（參加了露營活動）前后態(tài)度轉變道不同不相為謀(3)轉折關系：選項或空后句中常有but,howeverIwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness.…Wehavedonealotofitsince.……everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.轉折作用Iwas,nevertheless,talkedin解析：空格前句說作者與喜歡露營的人道不同不相為謀，后文卻開始舉例說明作者接受朋友邀請參加了露營活動，可見空格表示作者對露營活動有所改觀，因此答案D項中的“however”起了轉折作用，表明作者從那時起，開始學習與露營相關的事。解析：空格前句說作者與喜歡露營的人道不同不相為謀，后文卻開始(4)

因果關系：空格前后可能有so,therefore,since,because，consequently，asaresult等詞。如：

E.It’simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyou’llbeavailableF.Itmightseemunkindtocutpeopleshortwhentheyinterruptyou(2017全國Ⅱ卷)Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou,havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyou’llfindthemthen.38.Itcanhelptoeliminate(消除)futureinterruptions.果因(4)因果關系：空格前后可能有so,therefore,解析：空格前提到，當別人打擾你的時候，你要安排好時間，告知他們你在什么時候有空，空格后提到這樣做可以幫助你消除日后的打擾，用選項E(讓他們知道你什么時候有空是非常重要的)代入原文，選項E與空后句存在因果關系。故選E項。解析：空格前提到，當別人打擾你的時候，你要安排好時間，告知他(5)并列關系常用詞或短語

：besides,notonly...butalso...,and,atthesametime,also,too,some...other...,one...another...(2014全國2卷)Hopefullythatgivesyouagoodstart.________40_________anddon’tletabusyschedulediscourageyoufrommakingsomegreatchangesinthewayyoueatandlive!E.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.F.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.(5)并列關系(2014全國2卷)Hopefullyt

(6)解釋關系：

用更為明白易懂的話重述或解釋前面的信息，常用forexample(instance),infact,inotherwords,thatistosay,等或冒號(:)、破折號(—)等標點。如：(6)解釋關系：解析：Inotherwords表示該句是對空格前一句的解釋，且takecareofyourbody與exercise是上下義復現(xiàn)，還有yourbrain原詞復現(xiàn)，故選G。(2011全國卷)2.Goforawalk.

Mildlyraisedglucose(葡萄糖)levelscanharmtheareaofthebrainthathelpsyouformmemoriesandphysicalactivitycanhelpgetbloodglucosedowntonormallevels.Infact,exerciseproduceschemicalsthataregoodforyourbrain.74D.Sotakeafewminuteseachdaytodosomereading.G.Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.上下義復現(xiàn)解析：Inotherwords表示該句是對空格前一句的解(7)相對或?qū)α㈥P系常用詞或短語：while,onthecontrary,incontrast,incomparison.Now,inthepast(2017全國Ⅲ卷)●Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryou’vetriedanewmethodforaweek,takealookatyourrecord.40Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.A.Getasleepspecialist.E.Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.并列關系相對關系(7)相對或?qū)α㈥P系(2017全國Ⅲ卷)●Keepa解析：該句“如果你所采取的措施是有效的，那么堅持下去”與下一句“如果無效，看看有沒有你可以嘗試的其他措施”形成相對關系。兩句都是“條件狀語從句+祈使句”的模式，同時，steps與methods也構成了并列關系，故答案為E項。解析：該句“如果你所采取的措施是有效的，那么堅持下去”與下一(8)遞進關系常用詞或短語：further,furthermore,moreover,what'smore,evenworse,tomakematterworse....例：It’sheard,andlwashungry。

40

A.Evenworse,itwasrainingB.What'smore,itwassunny(8)遞進關系A.Evenworse,(9)順序關系：指one/first…second(ly)…third(ly)…(第一……第二……第三……)，first…next…then…(首先……接下來……然后……)等。如：(2013全國Ⅰ卷)Oneistheestablishment(制定)ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction,sales,thepurchaseofequipment,materialsandsupplies,andaccounting.74Thethirdrelatestotheestablishmentofstandardsofwordinalldepartments.E.Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.F.Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement,organizationhastwomainaspects.(9)順序關系：指one/first…second解析：因前有One后有Thethird，這里應是Thesecond，故選E。解析：因前有One后有Thethird，這里應是Thes三、語法提示1、代詞提示2、標點提示三、語法提示(2017全國Ⅱ卷)Ifyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit.40.Ifsomeonekno