武漢大學(xué)外國語言文學(xué)學(xué)院《242二外英語》歷年考研真題及詳解

2015年武漢大學(xué)242二外英語考研真題及詳解PartI ReadingComprehension(2×20=40%)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneThepastagesofmanhaveallbeencarefullylabeledbyanthropologists.Descriptionslike“PalaeolithicMan”,“NeolithicMan”,etc.,neatlysumupwholeperiods.Whenthetimecomesforanthropologiststoturntheirattentiontothetwentiethcentury,theywillsurelychoosethelabel“LeglessMan”.Historiesofthetimewillgosomethinglikethis:“Inthetwentiethcentury,peopleforgothowtousetheirlegs.Menandwomenmovedaboutincars,busesandtrainsfromaveryearlyage.Therewereliftsandescalatorsinalllargebuildingstopreventpeoplefromwalking.Thissituationwasforceduponearthdwellersofthattimebecauseoftheirextraordinarywayoflife.Inthosedays,peoplethoughtnothingoftravellinghundredsofmileseachday.Butthesurprisingthingisthattheydidn’tusetheirlegsevenwhentheywentonholiday.Theybuiltcablerailways,ski-liftsandroadstothetopofeveryhugemountain.Allthebeautyspotsonearthweremarredbythepresenceoflargecarparks.”“Thefuturehistorybooksmightalsorecordthatweweredeprivedoftheuseofoureyes.Inourhurrytogetfromoneplacetoanother,wefailedtoseeanythingontheway.Airtravelgivesyouabird’s-eyeviewoftheworld—orevenlessifthewingoftheaircrafthappenstogetinyourway.Whenyoutravelbycarortrainablurredimageofthecountrysideconstantlysmearsthewindows.Cardrivers,inparticular,areforeverobsessedwiththeurgetogoonandon:theyneverwanttostop.Isitthelureofthegreatmotorways,orwhat?Andasforseatravel,ithardlydeservesmention.Itisperfectlysummedupinthewordsoftheoldsong:“Ijoinedthenavytoseetheworld,andwhatdidIsee?Isawthesea.”Thetypicaltwentieth-centurytraveleristhemanwhoalwayssays“I’vebeenthere.”Youmentiontheremotest,mostevocativeplace—namesintheworldlikeElDorado,Kabul,Irkutskandsomeoneisboundtosay“I’vebeenthere”—meaning,“Idrovethroughitat100milesanhouronthewaytosomewhereelse.”Whenyoutravelathighspeeds,thepresentmeansnothing:youlivemainlyinthefuturebecauseyouspendmostofyourtimelookingforwardtoarrivingatsomeotherplace.Butactualarrival,whenitisachieved,ismeaningless.Youwanttomoveonagain.Bytravelinglikethis,yoususpendallexperience;thepresentceasestobeareality:youmightjustaswellbedead.Thetraveleronfoot,ontheotherhand,livesconstantlyinthepresent.Forhimtravelingandarrivingareoneandthesamething:hearrivessomewherewitheverystephemakes.Heexperiencesthepresentmomentwithhiseyes,hisearsandthewholeofhisbody.Attheendofhisjourneyhefeelsadeliciousphysicalweariness.Heknowsthatsound.Satisfyingsleepwillbehis:thejustrewardofalltruetravelers.1.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Howtouseyourlegsintravel. B.Thebestwaytotravel.C.Therewardoftruetravel. D.Possiblewaystotravel.2.Anthropologistslabelmannowadays“Legless”(line3-4,para1.because_____.A.liftspreventpeoplefromwalkingB.peopleforgethowtousetheirlegsC.peopleprefercars,busesandtrainsD.modernvehicleshavereplacedwalking3.Whiletravelingathighspeeds,_____.A.peoplecangetmorepleasurefromitB.peoplealwaysfocusonnextdestinationC.peoplecanenjoytheviewofthedestinationD.peoplecaremuchaboutthearrangementofthejourney4.Theauthorsays“wearedeprivedoftheuseofoureyes”because_____.A.peoplecan’tgetaclearpictureoftheviewalongB.eyesbecomeuselessintravelingathighspeedsC.peoplewanttosleepduringtravelingD.peoplewon’tusetheireyes5.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?A.Legsbecomeweaker.B.Thereisnoneedtouselegsoreyes.C.Modernmeansoftransportationmaketheworldasmallplace.D.Weshouldexperiencethepresentheartandsoulwhiletraveling.【答案與解析】1.B 歸納題。文章第一段和第二段分別講述了旅行不用腳、不用眼等情況，第三段先批評現(xiàn)代人只知一味向前，現(xiàn)實不再是現(xiàn)實，然后說明用腳旅行才是最佳方式。故文章的標題應(yīng)為“最佳旅行方式”，所以正確答案應(yīng)該是B選項。2.D 歸納題。答題信息在第一段，這里提到人們外出就坐車、公共汽車、火車；大樓里有電梯、自動扶梯；即使度假期間，他們筑有纜車道、滑雪索道和路直通山頂?shù)穆?，所有的風(fēng)景旅游區(qū)都有大型的停車場?，F(xiàn)代交通工具代替了人們走路，所以人類學(xué)家將之標為“無腿的時代”，故D選項正確。3.B 細節(jié)題。由第三段第一句話“Whenyoutravelathighspeeds,thepresentmeansnothing:youlivemainlyinthefuturebecauseyouspendmostofyourtimelookingforwardtoarrivingatsomeotherplace.”可知，當快節(jié)奏的旅行時，現(xiàn)在的時光沒有任何意義，你主要生活在未來，因為你大部分時間都在盼望到達其他地方。所以B選項“人們總是關(guān)注下個目的地”為正確答案。4.A 推理題。答題信息在第二段，這里提到由一地轉(zhuǎn)向另一地，路上你什么也看不到，乘飛機時只能俯瞰世界；乘汽車火車時，只見朦朧景象略過窗子；海上旅行，只看到海。因此A選項“人們不能清楚地看到途中風(fēng)景”為正確答案。5.D 推理題。通過文章最后一段，可知作者認為真正的旅行應(yīng)該是全身心地體驗旅行。該段倒數(shù)第四句話提到“Heexperiencesthepresentmomentwithhiseyes,hisearsandthewholeofhisbody.”，因此D選項正確，A、C兩項在文中沒有體現(xiàn)，而B選項錯誤。PassageTwoIfyoufindyourselfwaitinginalongqueueatanairportorbusterminusthisholiday,willyoutrytoanalysewhatitisaboutqueuingthatmakesyouangry?Orwillyoujustgetangrywiththenearestofficial?ProfessorRichardLarson,anelectricalengineerattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,hatesqueuingbutratherthantearhishairout,hedecidedtostudythesubject.Hisfirstfinding,whichbacksupearlierworkattheUSNationalScienceFoundation,wasthatthedegreeofannoyancewasnotdirectlyrelatedtothetime.HecitesanexperimentatHoustonairportwherepassengershadtowalkforoneminutefromtheplanetothebaggagereclaimandthenwaitafurthersevenminutestocollecttheirluggage.Complaintswerefrequent,especiallyfromthosewhohadspentsevenminuteswatchingpassengerswithjusthandbaggagegetoutimmediately.Theairportauthoritiesdecidedtolengthenthewalkfromtheaircraft,sothatinsteadofaone-minutefastwalk,thepassengersspentsixminuteswalking.Whentheyfinallyarrivedatthebaggagereclaim,thedelaywasthenonlytwominutes.Theextrawalkextendedthedelaybyfiveminutesforthosecarryingonlyhandbaggage,butpassengercomplaintsdroppedalmosttozero.Thereason?Larsonsuggeststhatitallhastodowithwhathecalls“socialjustice”.Ifpeopleseeotherstakingashortcut,theywillfindthewaitunbearable.Sointhecaseoftheairport,itwaspreferabletodelayeveryone.AnotheraspectLarsonstudiedwastheobservationthatpeoplegetmorefedupiftheyarenottoldwhatisgoingon.Passengerstoldthattherewillbeahalf-hourdelayarelessunhappythanthoseleftwaitingeventwentyminuteswithoutanexplanation.Butevenknowinghowlongwehavetowaitisn’tthewholeanswer.Wemustalsobelievethateverythingisbeingdonetominimizeourdelay.LarsoncitestheexampleoftwoneighbouringAmericanbanks.Onewashighlycomputerisedandservedacustomer,onaverage,every30seconds.Theotherbankwaslessautomatedandtooktwiceaslong.Butbecausethetellersatthesecondbanklookedextremelybusy,customersbelievedtheservicewasfasterandmanytransferredtheiraccountstotheslowerbank.Ultimately,thefirstbankhadtointroducetime-wastingwaysofappearingmoredynamic.6.Lengtheningthewalkfromtheairporttothebaggagereclaimisto_____.A.tellpeoplehowtoavoidstandinginaqueueB.teachpeoplehowtorelieveangerwhilewaitingC.preventpeoplefromfeelingangrywhilewaitingD.teachpeoplehowtostandinaqueuecomfortably7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEwithregardtotheHoustonAirportexperiment?A.Whenallthetravelershadtowaitfor2minutes,therewerehardlyanycomplaints.B.Whenthewalkingtimewasextendedto6minutes,therewerehardlyanycomplaints.C.AccordingtoLarson’sstudy,thelongwaitingwasthecauseofannoyance.D.ProfessorRichardLarsonhatesqueuingsomuchthathetearshishairout.8.Thepassageimpliesthat_____.A.peopletendtotrusttheireyesratherthantheirbrainB.peoplewon’tfeelangryiftheyareinformedofeverythingC.it’sunbearablefortheairporttodelayeveryoneD.passengersshouldbeencouragedtocarryhandbaggage9.Thephrase“fedup”inthelastbutoneparagraphmeans_____.A.confusedB.annoyedC.excited D.satisfied10.Customerstransferredtheiraccountstotheslowerbank,because_____.A.customersdidn’ttrustcomputersB.theydidn’tliketheinefficiencyoftheoldbankC.thetellersseemedmoreefficientD.thetellersdideverythingtominimizethedelay【答案與解析】6.C 事實判斷題。答題信息在文章第三段最后一句話“Theextrawalkextendedthedelaybyfiveminutesforthosecarryingonlyhandbaggage,butpassengercomplaintsdroppedalmosttozero”，這里提到延長從飛機到行李認領(lǐng)處的距離后，旅客不再抱怨了。因此C選項“防止旅客在等待過程中生氣”為正確答案。7.B 細節(jié)判斷題。由文章第三段第一句話“Theairportauthoritiesdecidedtolengthenthewalkfromtheaircraft,sothatinsteadofaone-minutefastwalk,thepassengersspentsixminuteswalking.”可知，從飛機到行李認領(lǐng)處的走路時間被延長至6分鐘，因此B選項正確，同時也可以得知A選項錯誤。第二段第二句提到“thedegreeofannoyancewasnotdirectlyrelatedtothetime”，因此C選項不正確。通過第二段第一句可知ProfessorRichardLarson“hatesqueuingbutratherthantearhishairout”，因此D項也不正確。8.A 事實推理題。通過文中所舉的例子，以及文章最后一句提到的“Ultimately,thefirstbankhadtointroducetime-wastingwaysofappearingmoredynamic.”(最后，第一家也不得不采用費時但看起來更有動態(tài)變化的方式)，可以得知作者認為“peopletendtotrusttheireyesratherthantheirbrain”，人們傾向于相信自己的眼睛而不愿意相信自己的頭腦。因此A選項為正確答案。9.B 詞義判斷題。通過下文中提到被告訴時間的人們會“l(fā)essunhappy”，可知若不被告訴事情進展，人們可能會更不高興，因此應(yīng)該選B項annoyed“惱怒的；煩悶的”。10.C 細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話“Butbecausethetellersatthesecondbanklookedextremelybusy,customersbelievedtheservicewasfasterandmanytransferredtheiraccountstotheslowerbank.”可知，人們選擇實際上更慢的銀行是因為那里的出納員看起來更有效率。PassageThreeAccordingtopsychologists,anemotionisarousedwhenamanoranimalviewssomethingaseitherbadorgood.Whenapersonfeelslikerunningawayfromsomethinghethinkswillhurthim,wecallthisemotionfear.Ifthepersonwantstoremovethedangerbyattackingit,wecalltheemotionanger.Theemotionsofjoyandlovearearousedwhenwethinksomethingcanhelpus.Anemotiondoesnothavetobecreatedbysomethingintheoutsideworld.Itcanbecreatedbyaperson’sthoughts.Everyonehasemotions.Manypsychologistsbelievethatinfantsarebornwithoutemotions.Theybelievechildrenlearnemotionsjustastheylearntoreadandwrite.Agrowingchildnotonlylearnshisemotionsbutlearnshowtoactincertainsituationsbecauseofanemotion.Psychologiststhinkthattherearetwotypesofemotions:positiveandnegative.Positiveemotionsincludelove,liking,joy,delight,andhope.Theyarearousedbysomethingthatappealstoaperson.Negativeemotionsmakeapersonunhappyordissatisfied.Theyincludeanger,fear,despair,sadness,anddisgust.Ingrowingup,apersonlearnstocopewiththenegativeemotionsinordertobehappy.Andifapersonhastheabilitytotacklenegativeemotionssothatheisnotaffectedterriblybytheunhappinessanddissatisfaction,hewillliveabetterlife.Emotionsmaybeweakorstrong.Somestrongemotionsaresounpleasantthatapersonwilltryanymeanstoescapefromtheminordertofeelhappy.Thepersonmaychooseunusualwaystoavoidtheemotion.Theymaychoosedrinkingalcoholoreventakingdrugstomakethemforgetthesadness.However,sometimes,theexcessivewaysofescapingonlyresultintragedy.Strongemotionscanmakeithardtothinkandtosolveproblems.Theymaypreventapersonfromlearningorpayingattentiontowhatheisdoing.Forexample,astudenttakinganexaminationmaybesoworriedaboutfailingthathecannotthinkproperly.Theworrydrainsvaluablementalenergyheneedsfortheexamination.11.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageisto_____.A.defineandclassifyemotionsB.explainhowemotionsfunctionC.showhowpeopleavoidthenegativeemotionsD.explainhowmanykindsofemotionspeoplehave12.Accordingtothepassage,anemotioniscreatedbysomething_____.A.onethinkshelpfulB.onethinkswillhurtC.onethinksbadorgoodD.onefacesintheoutsideworld13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Babiesarebornwithoutemotions.B.Childrenlearnemotionsastheygrowup.C.Peoplecancopewiththenegativeemotionsinlife.D.Emotionsfallintotwotypesingeneral,weakandstrong.14.Theunderlinedword“drains”inthelastsentencemeans_____.A.stopsB.tiesC.weakensD.flows15.Wecansafelyconcludefromthepassagethat_____.A.dealingwithdifficultiesisoneofman’sinbornabilityB.theeventsofthematerialworldcreateaperson’semotionsC.peoplemaytrytoavoidsuchemotionsasangeranddespairD.astudentmayfailinanexamifhecannotpayattentiontoit【答案與解析】11.A 主旨歸納題。文章第一、二段首先指出情緒是怎么產(chǎn)生的，什么是情緒。第三段具體解釋了兩種類型的情緒，并且在最后兩段說明了情緒對人的影響。A項“情緒的定義和分類”能夠概括全文，因此選A項。B、C、D選項的內(nèi)容為文章的部分內(nèi)容，不能概括全文，因此排除。12.C 細節(jié)題。答題信息在文章第一句話“Accordingtopsychologists,anemotionisarousedwhenamanoranimalviewssomethingaseitherbadorgood”，由此可知，人的情緒是由對事情好壞的判斷產(chǎn)生的。因此正確答案是C選項。13.D 事實判斷題。題干中問到選項中哪一項不正確。根據(jù)文章第二段提到的“Manypsychologistsbelievethatinfantsarebornwithoutemotions.”以及“Theybelievechildrenlearnemotionsjustas...”可以得知A、B選項都正確。根據(jù)第三段“Ingrowingup,apersonlearnstocopewiththenegativeemotionsinordertobehappy.”可知C項也正確。而通過第三段第一句“Psychologiststhinkthattherearetwotypesofemotions:positiveandnegative.”可以判斷D選項錯誤。14.C 詞義推理題。該單詞的詞意可以通過語境判斷，前文提到強烈的情緒會分散注意力，而這里舉例學(xué)生因為擔心而drainshisenergy，即消耗能量，顯然應(yīng)該選weakens，所以答案應(yīng)該是C選項。15.D 事實推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的內(nèi)容，作者指出對考試失敗的擔心會分散學(xué)生的注意力，所以有理由推斷D選項正確。PassageFourPolyesterisnowbeingusedforbottles.ICI,thechemicalsandplasticscompanybelievesthatitisnowbeginningtobreakthegripofglassonthebottlebusinessandthustakeadvantageofthishugemarket.Alltheplasticsmanufacturershavebeenexperiencinghardtimesastheirtraditionalproductshavebeendoingbadlyworld-wideforthelastfewyears.Between1982and1984thePlasticsDivisionofICIhadlostahundredandtwentymilliondollars,andtheyfeltthatthemosthopefulnewmarketwasinpackaging,bottlesandcans.Since1982ithasopenedthreenewfactoriesproducing‘Melinar’,therawmaterialfromwhichhighqualitypolyesterbottlesaremade.Thepolyesterbottlewasborninthe1970s,whensoftdrinkscompanieslikeCocaColastartedsellingtheirdrinksingianttwo-litrecontainers.Becauseofthebuild-upofthepressureofgasintheselargecontainers,glasswasunsuitable.NorwasPVC,theplasticwhichhadbeenusedforbottlessincethe1960s,suitablefordrinkswithgasinthem.Anewplastichadtobemade.Glassisstillcheaperforthesmallerbottles,andwillcontinuetobesounlessoilandplasticbecomemuchcheaper,butplasticdoeswellforthelargersizes.Polyesterbottlesarevirtuallyunbreakable.Themanufacturersclaimtheyarealsolighter,lessnoisywhenbeinghandled,andcanbere-used.Shopkeepersandotherbusinesspeopleareunlikelytoobjecttoachangefromglasstopolyester,sincethesebottlesmeanfewbreakages,whicharecostlyandtime-consuming.Thepublic,though,havebeenmoredifficulttopersuade.ICI’scommercialdepartmentisdevelopingdifferentbottleswithinterestingshapes,totryandmakethemvisuallymoreattractivetothepublic.Thenextstepcouldbetodevelopaplasticwhichcouldreplacetinsforfood.Theproblemhereisthehightemperaturesnecessaryforcookingthefoodinthecontainer.16.Inthe1980’stheplasticsmanufacturerscametorealizethatthey_____.A.shoulddeveloppackaging,bottlesandcansproductsB.mustfurtherincreasetheirtraditionalproductsC.shouldstopthemanufactureofplasticsD.shouldraisemorefunds17.ThereasonwhyICI’sPlasticDivisionisinterestedinpolyesterbottlesisthat_____.A.rawmaterialrisesinpriceB.polyesterbottlesarewelcomeC.glassbottlesareveryexpensiveD.otherthingstheymanufacturearenotsellingwell18.Wemayinferthatthepublic_____.A.likepolyesterbottlesverymuchB.completelygiveupusingglassbottlesC.isunlikelytoobjecttoachangefromglasstopolyesterD.stillliketraditionalglassbottles19.Manufacturersbelievethatpolyesterbottlesare_____.A.unbreakable B.lighterC.lessnoisywhenbeinghandledD.alloftheabove20.ItisimpliedbutnotdirectlystatedthatICI,thechemicalsandplasticscompany_____.A.willnotmaintainthestatusquoB.triestomanufacturemorecolorfulbottlesC.iscontentwiththepreviousachievementD.isunwillingtodevelopanyotherplasticproducts【答案與解析】16.A 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中出現(xiàn)的80年代，可以定位到文章第二段。由第二段最后一句“theyfeltthatthemosthopefulnewmarketwasinpackaging,bottlesandcans”可知，塑料廠商意識到他們要開發(fā)包裝材料、瓶子和罐子產(chǎn)品。因此A選項為正確答案，B、C、D選項中的信息在文中都沒有體現(xiàn)。17.D 細節(jié)題。答題信息在第二段第一句“astheirtraditionalproductshavebeendoingbadlyworld-wideforthelastfewyears”，這里提到他們的傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品過去幾年在全世界范圍內(nèi)銷量都很不好，所以D項是正確答案。18.D 推理題。答題信息在文章倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句話“Thepublic,though,havebeenmoredifficulttopersuade”，這里提到要說服公眾接受把玻璃換成聚酯產(chǎn)品有些困難，可見D選項“公眾更喜歡傳統(tǒng)的玻璃瓶”符合題意。19.D 細節(jié)題。由倒數(shù)第二段前兩句話可知，生產(chǎn)商認為聚酯產(chǎn)品“unbreakable”、“l(fā)ighter”、“l(fā)essnoisywhenbeinghandled,andcanbere-used”，因此A、B、C選項中的內(nèi)容都有體現(xiàn)，所以正確答案應(yīng)該為D選項。20.A 推理題。題干中問到文中沒有直接說明但是暗含的內(nèi)容，因而首先可以排除B項,因為文中有直接說明。C選項和D選項不符合題意，因為ICI塑料生產(chǎn)商沒有滿足于現(xiàn)狀，正在努力開發(fā)新產(chǎn)品，因而只有A項為正確答案。PartIIVocabularyandStructure(0.5×30=15%)Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarked.A.,B.,C.andD..ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.21.Themeetingwas_____overbythemayortodiscussthetaxraiseinthecity.A.presumed B.propelled C.presided D.prickled【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：會議由市長主持，討論該市稅收增加的問題。presideover“主持”，符合題意。presume假設(shè)，推測。propel推進，激勵；prick刺，刺痛。根據(jù)詞義可知C項為正確答案。22.Hegradually_____thatherparentshadbeenrightandhisdecisionhadtobemodified.A.perceived B.pioneered C.plagued D.transformed【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：他逐漸覺察到她的父母是對的，他必須改變自己的決定。perceive意為“覺察，感知”，符合句意。pioneer開拓，開辟。plague折磨，使苦惱。transform轉(zhuǎn)變，改變。23.Amanwhocould_____suchtreatmentwasamanofremarkablephysicalcourageandmoralstrength.A.bearuponB.takeon C.standupto D.substitute【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：能夠承受這種治療的人必定擁有過人的勇氣和強大的精神力量。standupto意為“經(jīng)得住”，符合句意。bearupon影響到，對……施加壓力。takeon呈現(xiàn)，承擔。substitute代替。24.Apassionforthetheaterwhichmaydemonstrateallthewaysoflifecanbefairlysatisfying_____forlife.A.substance B.imitationC.repetition D.substitute【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：電影能夠展現(xiàn)出形形色色的生活，對電影的熱愛可以成為一個相當令人滿意的生活的替代品。substitute含有“替代品”的意思，符合句意。substance物質(zhì)。imitation模仿，仿制品。repetition重復(fù)；重演。25.Hisstrangebehaviorgreatly,_____meandmyfriendsaswellthatevening.A.perplexed B.exhausted C.exclaimedD.exceeded【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：他那天晚上表現(xiàn)得很反常，我和我的朋友都感到不可理解。perplex使迷惑。exhaust使筋疲力盡。exclaim大叫。exceed超越，凌駕。結(jié)合句意，只有A選項合適。26.They_____thosewhodidn’tconformtotheirideas,andtookadvantageofthosewhoagreedwiththem.A.exploredB.persecutedC.extendedD.pinched【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：他們迫害那些與自己觀念不一致的人，利用那些認同他們的人。B選項persecute意為“迫害”，符合句意。explore探索；extend延伸；pinch使苦惱。27.Accordingtotheinternationalregulation,theplayingofthenationalanthem_____allsportsevents.A.repelsB.remarks C.precedes D.requires【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：根據(jù)國際規(guī)定，體育比賽前都要奏國歌。repel擊退，驅(qū)逐。remark講述，注意。precede在……之前。require要求。結(jié)合句意，只有C選項合適。28.Weallknewfromthevery_____thattheplanwouldfail.Nowyouseeithasbecometrue.A.outcomeB.outsetC.upshot D.outbreak【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：我們大家在一開始就知道那項計劃會失敗，現(xiàn)在事實證明的確如此。outcome結(jié)果。outset開端。upshot結(jié)果，結(jié)局。outbreak爆發(fā)，突發(fā)。根據(jù)句意，只有B選項合適。fromthe(very)outset為固定搭配，意思為“從一開始”。29.Hisconstantattemptsto_____hiscolleagues’achievementeventuallycausedhisdismissal.A.withdraw B.diminishC.restrain D.confine【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：他一再試圖貶低同事的成績，最終導(dǎo)致自己被辭退。diminish意為“使減少，貶低”，符合句意。withdraw撤退。restrain制止，抑制。confine將……局限于。30.Theyhave_____thedancemanytimesforthebettereffectbeforetheyperformedinthetheater.A.overtaken B.interchangedC.entreatedD.rehearsed【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：他們在劇院演出之前已經(jīng)排練這個舞蹈很多次了，希望取得更好的演出效果。overtake趕上，超過。interchange交換，交替。entreat懇求。rehearse排練。結(jié)合句意，只有D選項合適。31.Thisworkcostsusnothing;it’salldoneby_____.A.volunteers B.youngstersC.entrepreneursD.acquaintance【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：在這項工作中我們什么也沒做,全是由志愿者完成的。volunteer志愿者。youngster年輕人。entrepreneur企業(yè)家。acquaintance認識的人。結(jié)合句意，只有A選項合適。32.Thewriter_____lifeinarefugeecampveryvividly.A.probes B.valuesC.createsD.portrays【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：作者生動地描述了難民營中的生活。portray意為“描繪”，符合句意。probe調(diào)查。value重視，評價。create創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作。33.Therehavebeenanumberof_____betweenpoliceinriotgearanddemonstrators.A.clasps  B.clamps C.clashesD.clips【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：防暴警察和示威人群已發(fā)生多次沖突。clasp鉤，扣子。clamp鉗；夾鉗。clash沖突。clip夾子，回形針。結(jié)合句意，只有C選項合適。34.Agoodvocabularyis_____toasuccessfulbusinesscareer.A.dynamicB.excessiveC.extensiveD.indispensable【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：豐富的詞匯量在成功的商務(wù)生涯中必不可少。indispensable意為“不可缺少的，絕對必要的”，符合句意。dynamic有活力的。excessive過多的，過度的。extensive廣泛的，大量的。35.TheyplayedthemusicofMozartataslow_____.A.tempoB.rhythm C.rate D.rating【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：他們以緩慢的速度演奏莫扎特的音樂。tempo節(jié)拍，（音樂的）速度。rhythm韻律。rate頻率。rating(電視節(jié)目的)收視率。結(jié)合題干信息，只有A選項合適。36.Thecompanydoesnot_____betweenmenandwomen—everyoneispaidatthesamerate.A.deviateB.fluctuateC.mediate D.differentiate【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：這個公司并沒有區(qū)別對待男性和女性的員工——給他們支付同等待遇的薪資。differentiate意為“區(qū)別，使有差別”符合題意。deviate使偏離。fluctuate使波動，使動搖。mediate調(diào)停。37.Theoldmanisonlythe_____headofthebusiness;hisdaughtermakesallthedecisions.A.obedientB.nominal C.pettyD.minor【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：那老人只是這家企業(yè)名義上的負責人，是他女兒做出一切決定。nominal“名義上的，有名無實的”，符合句意。obedient順從的，服從的。petty瑣碎的，小氣的。minor次要的。38.He_____ofthefirsttrulyportablecomputerin1968.A.conceivedB.clutched C.strove D.groped【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：1968年，他構(gòu)想出第一臺真正的便攜式計算機。conceiveof意為“想出，構(gòu)想”，符合句意。clutch與at連用，意為“抓住”。strive一般和for連用，意為“為……努力”。grope后接for，意為“摸索……”。39.Smallwonderthatmanyvotersholdtheirpoliticiansin_____.A.complaintB.censusC.consensus D.contempt【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：無怪乎很多選民看不起他們的政治家。contempt有“輕視，蔑視”之意；holdincontempt為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“認為…不屑一顧；輕視”。因此D選項為正確答案。40.Hewrotequiteafew_____becausehelovedtomakepeoplelaugh.A.comedies B.tragediesC.melodiesD.ballets【答案】A 查看答案【解析】句意：他寫了很多喜劇，因為他喜歡逗人們笑。comedy喜劇。tragedy悲劇。melody旋律。ballet芭蕾舞劇。結(jié)合題干，只有A選項合適。41.Afterridingonamerry-go-round,shestartedtofeel_____andhadtoliedown.A.dizzy B.bewildered C.nasty D.painful【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：騎過旋轉(zhuǎn)木馬后，她開始覺得眩暈，不得不躺下休息。dizzy意為“眩暈的”符合題意。bewildered困惑的，不知所措的。nasty可惡的。painful痛苦的。42.ThebeautyofVenice,whichfascinatesallthevisitors,_____thestyleofitsancientbuildings.A.consistsinB.restson C.resultsinD.dependson【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：讓所有游客著迷的威尼斯之美在于其古建筑的風(fēng)格。consistin意為“在于，存在于”，符合題意。reston依靠，停留于。resultin導(dǎo)致。dependon取決于，依賴于。43.Thegeneralinsistedontaking_____ashedidnottrustthedefeatedleaders.A.captives B.hostages C.rivals D.opponents【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：將軍堅持要扣留人質(zhì)，因為他不信任那些戰(zhàn)敗的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。hostage“人質(zhì)”，takehostages意為“扣留人質(zhì)”，符合題意。captive俘虜。rival對手。opponent反對者。根據(jù)句意，B選項最合適。44.Beforethehospitaltreatment,helookedlikea_____butamonthlaterhesaidhefeltlikeanOlympicchampion.A.skeleton B.survival C.patient D.framework【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：住院治療之前，他看起來骨瘦如柴，但一個月后他說感覺自己像奧運冠軍。skeleton意為“骨架，骨瘦如柴的人”，符合題意。survival幸存者。patient病人。framework框架，結(jié)構(gòu)。45.Travelingaroundtheworldandmeetingnewpeoplebroadenedtheyoungman’s_____.A.conceptionsB.intelligenceC.perceptions D.horizons【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：周游世界，認識不同的人開闊了年輕人的眼界。broadenone’shorizons意為“開拓眼界”，故D選項合適。46.Itisestimatedthatthetotalof_____fromthecountryoverseaswillthisyearreach150,000.A.migrantsB.immigrants C.emigrants D.inhabitants【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：估計今年來自海外的移民數(shù)量會達到15萬。migrant遷移人口。immigrant（外來）移民；emigrant移民（本國移出）。inhabitant居民。結(jié)合句意，可知B選項合適。47.Experienceleadsmetothinkthatitisnotalwaysgoodtoget_____withstrangers.A.tolerantB.confidential C.enthusiasticD.agreeable【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：經(jīng)驗讓我知道信任陌生人并不總是一件好事。confidential有“表示信任的，親密的”的意思，符合題意。48.TheEnglishlanguageiscapableofexpressingmanysubtle_____ofmeanings.A.levelsB.concepts C.shadesD.implications【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：英語能表達很多微妙的語義變化。shade含有“(抽象事物的)細微差別,不同方面”的意思。根據(jù)句意，subtleshadeofmeaning“微妙語義變化”更合適，因此正確答案應(yīng)為C選項。49.Thewasteofsoilbywashingisamongthemostdangerousofallwastes_____progressintheUnitedStates.A.of B.in C.onD.to【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：淋洗造成的土壤浪費，是正發(fā)生在美國的最危險的浪費之一。inprogress是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“在進行中”。50.Nightwasfalling.Allwasdarkness_____anoccasionalglimmerinthedistance.A.despite B.besidesC.butfor D.exceptfor【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：夜幕正在降臨，除了遠處偶爾會有閃光外，一片漆黑。exceptfor表示“除……以外”，指對某種基本情況進行具體的細節(jié)方面的修正補充。所以D項正確答案。despite盡管，不管。besides除…之外(還)。butfor要不是，如果不是。PartIII Cloze(1×20=20%)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA.,B.,C.andD..YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Itseemsthattreescantalktoeachother.TwoAmericanbiologistsattheUniversityofWashingtoncarriedoutaninteresting(51)  intheearly1980s.Theyplaced(52)  ofharmfulinsectsonthebranchesofsometreesinordertodiscover(53)  treesdefendthemselvesfromattack.Theyfoundthatthechemical(54)  ofleavesonthetree(55)  theinsectsweresoonbegantochange.Theleaveschangedsomuch(56)  itwassoonimpossiblefortheinsectstoeatsuch(57) .Theinsectsbegantodie(58)  starvations.(59) ,thescientists’mostsurprising(60)  wasthatthechemicalcompositionofleaveschangedonneighboringtreesaswellasonthosealready(61)  byinsects.Thosetreeswerenotyetunder(62)  andyettheyweregettingreadytodefendthemselves (63) attack.Itseemsthatthetreeswere(64)  passinginformationtoeachother.Thetreeswereso(65)apartthattherewasno(66)  contactbetweentheirbranches.(67)  weretheycloseenoughfortheirrootstotouch.AsimilarAmericanexperimentwas(68)  outonadifferentkindoftree.(69)  thesameresultswereobtained.Nooneknowsforcertainhowthetreespassinformationtotheirneighborsbutsomes