何兆熊《綜合教程（1）》（第2版）學習指南【詞匯短語＋課文精解＋全文翻譯＋練習答案】

Unit1一、詞匯短語TextI1.confront[kEn5frQnt]v.a）forcetodealwithoracceptthetruthof;bringfacetofacewith使對峙，使當面對證：Whenthepoliceconfrontedherwiththeevidence,sheconfessedshewasguilty.當警察用證據與她當面對證時，她坦言自己犯罪了；b）tomeet,tobefacedwith（尤其在戰(zhàn)斗，競爭，辯論等情況下）與…迎面相遇，和…對抗，對峙：WhenIamconfrontedwithamicrophone,mymindgoescompleteblank.當我面對麥克風時，頭腦一片空白。2.anguish[5AN^wiF]n.verypainandsuffering,especiallyofthemind（極度）痛苦，苦惱，煩惱：Theunspeakableanguishwrungherheart.難言的痛苦折磨著他的心。3.gracefully[5^reisfuli]adv.a）inanattractivelyandeffortlesslyfineandsmoothmanner優(yōu)美地，優(yōu)雅得體地：Alreadyinherfifties,shedancedgracefullyonthestagelastnight,attractingalargeaudience.她已經五十多歲了，但她昨晚在舞臺上優(yōu)美的舞姿吸引了很多觀眾；b）inawaythatshowswillingnesstobehavefairlyandhonorably大大方方地：WhenIamnolongerneeded,Ishallretiregracefully.當不再需要我時，我將體面地退休。4.haven[5heivn]n.aplaceofcalmandsafety安息所，避難所，安全地方：Thelibraryisahavenofpeaceandquiet.圖書館是個平和而安靜的去處。5.touch[tQtF]v.a）makesb.feel/sb’sfeelingsympatheticorbad感動某人，觸動某人的感情，使憐憫或悲哀：TheTVreportaboutthechildren’sworkforcharitytouchedthousandsofpeople’sheart.電視報道中關于這些兒童為慈善事業(yè)所做的工作打動了千千萬萬的人；b）beassociatedorconnectedwith與某事有聯(lián)系或有關系：Yourobjectionsdonottouchthepointoftheissue.你提的反對意見與問題的實質無關。n.a）anactorthefactoftouching觸摸，接觸：Ifoundtherightcoininthedarkbytouch.在黑暗中，我摸索著找到了那枚硬幣；b）relationorcontact聯(lián)系，接觸：WeareinclosetouchwithourofficeinSpain.我們同我方在西班牙的辦事處保持著密切的聯(lián)系；c）slightquantity,trace少許，微量：Therewasatouchofironyinhervoice.她話語之間略帶諷刺。touchedadj.被感動的6.shudder[5FQdE]vi.shakeuncontrollably（因害怕、恐懼、寒冷等）發(fā)抖，打顫，戰(zhàn)栗：Sheshudderedatthesightofdeadbody.見到死尸時，她直發(fā)抖。shuddertothink一想到…就顫抖（用于表示不愿想某種不愉快的事情）7.wellup涌上，流出，溢出（ofliquid）floworstarttoflow：Shewassomovedthattearswelledupinhereyes.她感動得熱淚涌出眼眶。8.reston:a）leanon,tobesupportedby擱在，支撐在…上面：Thebridgerestedonstonearches.這座橋由石拱支撐；b）bebasedon,begroundedon,dependon依賴于，寄托于，基于：Hisargumentdoesnotrestonreasoningoronexperiment,butonauthority.他的論點不是基于推理或實驗，而是基于權威。9.stareoffinto:stopwatchingsthandlookatsthelsesteadily把目光移開，轉而凝視…：Shewaslookingatherlatehusband’sphotowhenIwalkedin.Seeingme,however,shestaredoffintotheceiling.我進去的時候，她正在看她死去的丈夫的照片，但是，看到我進來，她便將目光從照片上移去，轉而凝視天花板。10.havesthincommon:sharethesamequalityorinterest有共同之處：Theboyandthegirlhavemuchincommoninpersonality.這個男孩和女孩在性格上有很多相似之處。11.final[5fainEl]adj.a）（ofadecision）conclusive,decisive,thatcannotbechanged不可改變的，決定性的，最終的：“Itisnotmyaffair,”saidhe,withafinalshrugoftheshoulders.他堅決地聳了聳肩，說“這不關我的事”。b）oftheend,cominglast最后的：Isthatyourfinaloffer?那是你最后的報價嗎？n.a）lastofaseriesofcontestsorcompetitions決賽：Lastyear,wegotthroughtothefinal.去年，我們一路打到決賽。b）lastsetofuniversityexamination期末考試（通常用復數形式）:Whendoyoutakeyourfinals?你什么時候參加期末考試？12.lookinto:trytofindoutabout;examine,investigatethemeaningorcauseof調查，研究，深入地檢查：Wearelookingintothepossibilityofmergingthetwodepartments.我們正在調查這兩個部門合并的可能性。13.whisper[5(h)wispE]vt.&vi.a）speaksoftly,usingthebreathbutwithoutvibratingthevocalcords低語，小聲說話，私語：Thetwogirlsarewhisperinginthelibrary.兩個女孩在圖書館里低聲說話。b）talksthinprivate;spread私下說，傳播開來：Hisadventureshavebeenwhisperedeverywhere.他的冒險經歷都被私下里傳開了。n.a）whisperingsound,speechorremark耳語，低語：Shesaiditinawhisper.他低聲說了這件事。b）rumororgossip流言，傳聞：Ihaveheardawhisperthattheyareheadingfordivorce.我聽到傳言說他們要離婚。14.gently[5dVentli]adv.a）softly,carefully輕輕地，小心地：Heliftedthebabygentlyourofitscrib.他輕輕地將孩子從嬰兒床上抱起來。b）friendlyandmildly和善地，溫柔地，文雅地：Shesmiledgentlyatme.她朝我莞爾一笑。c）gradually逐漸地：Theroadslopedgraduallytothesea.這條路逐漸向海邊傾斜下去。15.handinhand：holdingeachother’shand;closelyassociated,linkedtogether手拉手，密切關聯(lián)的，連在一起的：Powerandmoneygohandinhand.權和錢密不可分。16.conspicuously[kEn5spikjuEsli]adv.easilyseenornoticed;inanattractivemanner顯著地，超群地：Thepostersonthewallsaroundareconspicuouslyeye-catching.墻上的海報特別地引人注目。17.hoarse[hC:s]adj.soundingroughandhard（聲音）嘶啞的，沙啞的：Youwillmakeyourselfhoarseifyoukeepshoutinglikethat.如果你一直那樣喊下去，嗓子會被喊啞的。screamyourselfhoarse大聲尖叫，直到聲嘶力竭18.evil[5i:vl]n.greatwickedness邪惡，惡行：Loveofmoneyisrootofallevils.愛錢是邪惡的根源。adj.a）immoral,wicked邪惡的，危害他人的：Itisclearthathehasevilintentionstohisfriend.很明顯，他對他的朋友心懷叵測。b）veryunpleasantorharmful非常討厭的，令人極不舒服的：Thereisanevilsmellcomingfromthedrains.排水溝發(fā)出難聞的氣味。19.tiny[5taini]adj.verysmall,little極小的，微小的：Theopiumfarmersreceiveonlyatinyfractionofthissum.種植鴉片的農民只得到了這筆錢中極小的一部分。20.givein:a）acceptthefactthatyouwillbedefeated,surrender,allowoneselftobebeaten屈服，投降：Youwillneverguesstheanswer—doyougivein?你永遠都猜不到答案——要認輸嗎？b）submit,handin遞交，呈送：Allpapersshouldbegiveninbefore12O’clock.所有論文必須在十二點之前交齊。21.locksthaway:keepsthsecret把…密藏起來：Thisistoovaluabletobeleftlyingabout—lockitawaysomewhere.這東西很貴重，不能隨便亂放，把它鎖在什么地方吧。lockin禁閉，鎖在里頭；lock…out關在外面，停工；lock…up關押，上鎖。22.part[pB:t]v.benolongertogether,separate使分開，分散開：Thecrowdpartedtoletthesoldiersthrough.人群分開好讓士兵們通過。Iamafraidwepartedonratherbadterms.我想我們是因為感情不和而分手的。n.a）component部件，零件：Heworksforacompanythatmakesaircraftparts.他在一家飛機零件制造廠工作。b）role角色：Shehasthemainpartintheplay.他在劇中擔任重要角色。c）responsibility,duty職責，義務：Weeachdoourparttokeepthehouseclean.我們各司其職以保持房間的清潔。23.bringback：a）makesb.remembersth,recall回憶起來：Seeingyoubroughtbackmanyfondmemories.見到你，使我想起了許多美好的往事。b）obtainandreturnwith歸還，拿回來：Onyourwayhomefromyouraunt’s,couldyoubringsomecoffeeback?你從姑母家回來的時候買點咖啡好嗎？c）restore,refresh使恢復：Youcanrubupthesilvernecklaceandbringbackitsshine.你可以擦拭銀項鏈，使光澤重現(xiàn)。24.beloved[bi5lQvd]adj.deeplyloved深愛的，心愛的，鐘愛的：ShewasforcedtoleavebelovedParisandreturntoLyon.她被迫離開自己鐘愛的城市巴黎而回到里昂。beloved做形容詞時，除可用作前置定語外，也可以用作后置定語，后常跟介詞of或by，如：Ericisagiftedteacher,belovedbyallthosehehastaughtovertheyears.埃里克是一位天才教師，深受他所教過的所有學生的喜愛。25.summon[5sQmEn]v.a）tellorrequestsbtocome傳喚，召集：Theysummonedmentodefendtheircountry.他們召集男人來保衛(wèi)國家。b）liftone’scourageorspirit鼓起（勇氣），振作（精神）：Ittookmesixmonthstosummonupthecouragetoaskhimoutforadrink.我花了6個月的時間才鼓起勇氣請他出來喝酒。26.whenitcomestoone’sturn：whenitisone’sturntodosth當輪到某人做某事時：Iamveryshy,andwhenitcomestomyturntotalktoagirl,Isweatallovermybodyandforgetwhattosay.我很害羞，所以每次輪到我和女孩子講話時，我都會渾身冒汗，一時語塞。27.note[nEut]v.a）observe,notice注意到：Itshouldbenotedthatnoonewouldliketotakehisplace.應該注意的是，誰也不愿替代他的位置。b）writedown記住，記下：Inthearticle,shenotesseveralcasesofmedicalmalpractice.她在這篇文章里記錄了幾宗醫(yī)療過失的案例。28.breathing[5bri:TiN]n.呼吸，喘氣：Ahealthymanisnotconsciousofhisbreathing.一個健康的人是不會意識到自己的呼吸的。Breathingisanautomaticfunctionofthebody.呼吸是身體無意識的功能。TextII1.colonial[kE5lEunjEl]adj.relatingtoacolonyorcolonialism殖民地的，殖民主義的：ThepeopleofAfricahavesuccessfullyfoughtagainstcolonialrule.非洲人民成功地反抗了殖民統(tǒng)治。colonyn.殖民地，僑民；colonialismn.殖民主義；colonizev.拓展，殖民。2.seat[si:t]vt.a）toarrangeforsb.tohaveaparticularseat使就座，給安排座位：Theusherseatedusinthefrontrow.引座員讓我們在前排就座。b）（ofabuilding,room,tableorvehicle）tohaveenoughseatsfor坐得下…人，能容納…：Thetheatreseats2000people.這個劇院能容納2000人。3.spacious[5speiFEs]adj.a）largeandwithalotofspace寬敞的：Theyhavemovedtoamorespaciousresidenceonahilltop.他們已搬到山頂上一個比較寬敞的住宅去了。b）vastinrangeorscope（知識）廣博的：Itisquitebeyondmetospeakonaspacioustopiclikethis.我實在講不了這般博大廣遠的題目。spacen.空間，面積，距離；spatialadj.空間的。4.spirited[5spiritid]adj.fullofanimation,vigor,orcourage精神飽滿的，生機勃勃的，勇敢的：Hewasaveryspirited,sentimentalandenergeticboyofwideinterestandtalent.他生氣勃勃，富有感情，精力充沛，是一個興趣廣泛而又有才能的孩子。5.outgrow[aut5^rEu]vt.a）toloseinterestinanideaoractivityasyougetolderandchange在成熟過程中（逐漸）失去，舍棄或改變：Sheoutgrewheryouthfulidealism.她長大成熟以后，不再像年輕時那么理想主義了。b）togrowtoolargefor長的太大而使…不再適用：Myseven-year-oldsonhadnewshoesinAprilandnowhehasalreadyoutgrownthem.我七歲的兒子四月剛買的新鞋，現(xiàn)在已經穿不上了。c）tosurpassingrowth長得比…快/大/高：Bythetimeheisten,hehasoutgrownhiselderbrother.他十歲的時候已經長的比他哥哥高了。6.unfailing[Qn5feiliN]adj.alwaysthere,evenintimesofdifficultyandtroubles經久不衰的，永恒的，始終可靠的：Hecouldnothavesucceedwithouttheunfailingsupportofhiswife.沒有他妻子始終如一的支持，他十不可能成功的。7.ounce[auns]n.a）atinybit少量，一點點：Hehasn’tanounceofcommonsense.他一點常識都沒有。b）aunitofweightintheU.S.customarysystem盎司（美國度量衡制的一個重量單位）：Sixouncesofcheese,please.請稱6盎司的奶酪。8.count[kaJnt]vi.a）tohavevalueorimportance有價值，有重要性：Qualitycountsaboveorigin.質量比產地重要。Knowledgewithoutcommonsensecountsforlittle.光有學問而無常識，則這種學問無甚價值。b）數，計數：countfrom1to20從一數到二十vt.a）tocalculatethenumberofpeopleorthingsinagroup計數，算：Theteachercountedthestudentsastheygotonthecoach.上長途汽車時，老師數了一下學生的人數。b）toconsideras認為：Icountmyselffortunatetohavehadsuchagoodeducation.我認為自己很幸運，能接受如此良好的教育。counton依靠，依賴；countone’sblessings知足；countone’schickens打如意算盤；countthecostofsth因粗心或做了蠢事而吃苦頭，自作自受。countableadj.可數的；countinghouse會計室，賬房；countdownn.倒數計時，大事鄰近的時期。9.expression[iks5preFEn]n.a）thelookonsb’sface,showingwhattheyfeelorthink表情，臉色：Icouldtellfromherexpressionthatsomethingserioushadhappenedathome.從她的表情中，我可以看出家里出了什么大事。b）theactofexpressing,conveying,orrepresentinginwords,art,musicormovement,amanifestation表達，說明：Heclosedhisletterwithexpressionofgratefulthanks.他在信的末尾表達了他的感激之情。10.widen[5waidn]vt.&vi.tobecome,ortomakesthgreaterinwidthoramount拓寬，擴大：Inordertowidentheroad,theyhadtonarrowthepavement.為了拓寬街道，只好將人行道縮窄。11.likely[5laikli]adj.a）describingsththatwillprobablyhappenorisexpected可能的，可能會發(fā)生的，可能是真的：Itisn’tlikelythatIshouldacceptsuchanofferasthat.我接受那樣的幫助是不可能的。b）apttoachievesuccessoryieldadesiredoutcome,promising有希望的：Heisalikelyyoungman.他是一個有希望的年輕人。12.course[kC:s]n.apartofamealwhichisservedseparatelyfromtheotherparts一道菜：Wehavethreecourses:soup,meatandvegetables,andfruit.我們有三道菜：湯，肉和蔬菜，還有水果。firstcourse頭道菜；maincourse主菜；sweetcourse（西餐中的）甜點13.commotion[kE5mEuFEn]n.asuddenshortperiodofnoise,confusionorexcitedmovement騷亂，混亂，喧嘩：Theymadeacommotionbyyellingateachotherinthetheatre.他們在劇院相互爭吵，引起了一陣騷亂。14.arresting[E5restiN]adj.veryattractiveinawaythatattractsalotofattention引人注意的，可觀的：Hehasapleasantandevenarrestingface.他有一張討人喜歡甚至引人注目的面孔。15.impulse[5impQls]n.suddenurgetoactwithoutthinkingabouttheresults憑沖動行事（未顧及后果）；突如其來的念頭；沖動：Hefeltanirresistibleimpulsetojump.他有個無法抗拒的沖動想跳下去。onimpulse一時沖動impulsiveadj.沖動的16.sober[5sEubE]v.becomeseriousandthoughtful變的嚴肅或冷靜：Pleasesoberdownabit;I’vegotsomeimportantnewsforyou.請嚴肅點，我有重要的消息要告訴你們。soberup清醒起來adj.seriousandcalm;notdrunk嚴肅的，冷靜的；清醒的：Theylatersleptthems