2023年自考類英語自考英語閱讀(二)歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年自考類英語自考英語閱讀(二)歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版(共25題)1.Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasesforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.

Thef______ofmemory.2.ThereareactuallytwocrimetrendsongoinginAmerica—onefortheyoungandoneforthemature,whicharemovinginoppositedirections.3.Animalsintheirnaturalstatearepartofthewonderofcreationandbeautyofourworld.Oneoftheeffectivemeasurestoavoidtheextinctionofwildanimalsisforallcountriestocreatenaturereserveswhereallthenativespeciesofanimalscanwanderfreeandbeprotectedfromman.

Thep______ofwildlife.4.Theproblemofkidswithgunscannotbeoverstatedinviewofrecenttrendsingun-relatedkillingsamongyouth.5.Loveandknowledgeledmeupwardtowardtheheavens.Butalwayspitybroughtmebacktoearth.Childreninfamine,helplessoldpeopleandthewholeworldofloneliness,poverty,andpainmakeamockeryofwhathumanlifeshouldbe.Ilongtodestroytheevil,butIcan'tandItoosuffer.

S______isoneoftheessentialqualitiesofthespeaker.6.Thesametypeofpopulaceconcentrationistrueofothercontinents,althoughtheyareof-tenfarlesspopulated.7.Mostmammalscansprintfasterthanhumans—havingfourlegsgivesthemtheadvantage.Butwhenitcomestolongdistances,humanscanoutrunalmostanyanimal.Becausewecoolbysweatingratherthanpanting,wecanstaycoolatspeedsanddistancesthatwouldoverheatotheranimals.

Human'sefficientc______system.8.Withoutfood,mancanliveaboutfiveweeks,withoutwateraboutfivedays.Withoutair,hecanonlylivefiveminutes.9.Highsalariesintheelectricity,telecommunicationsandothermonopolyindustrieshavedrawnstrongcriticisminChina,wheretheGinicoefficient,nowstandsat0.46,exceedingtheinternationallyrecognizedalarmlevelof0.45.SoChinaisconsideringcuttingwagesinmonopolyindustriestoreducethecountry'swideningincomegap.Adraftdirectivedocumenthasbeenworkedoutforthispurpose.

Theneedton______theincomegap.10.Publiccommunitycollegesoffersomeofthebestvocationaltraining,oftenspecializinginareassuchasthegraphicarts,hotelandrestaurantmanagement,andbuildingtrades.11.Emotionsandvaluesplayanenormousroleinhowweprocessinformationandmakechoices.Wearebesetbycognitivebiasesthatthrowwhatwouldbesounddecision-makingoff-balance.Takelossaversion:psychologistshavefoundthathumanbeingstendtobemoreconcernedaboutavoidinglossesthanachievinggains,holdingontowhattheyhaveevenwhenthisisnotintheirbestinterests.

Emotionsandvaluesgreatlya______decision-making.12.Expertssaythatmoodsareemotionsthattendtobecomefixed,influencingone'soutlookforhours,daysorevenweeks.Perhapsthebestwaytodealwithbadmoodsistotalkthemout.Sonexttimeyoufeeloutofsorts,don'theadforthedrugstore—trythewayabove-mentioned.

Howtod______withabadmood.13.Whatmakesonepersonmoreintelligentthananother?Whatmakesonepersonagenius,likethebrilliantAlbertEinstein,andarcherpersonafool?Arepeoplebornintelligentorstupid,orisintelligencetheresultofwhereandhowyoulive?Theseareveryoldquestionsandtheanswerstothemarestillnotdear.

D______aboutproblemsintermsofpeople'smind.14.Educationteachesachildtorealizethatheisnotthrownintotheworldbychance,hehashisparttoplay.Hewilllearnwhatisusefultohimandsocietyatlarge.Educationimpartsagreatdealofknowledgetohismindandencouragesachildtoworkhard.

Thep______ofeducation.15.Somepessimisticexpertsfeelthattheautomobileisboundtofallintodisuse.Theyseeadayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenallautoswillbeabandonedandallowedtorust.Otherauthorities,however,thinktheautoisheretostay.Theyholdthatthecar-willremainaleadingmeansofurbantravelintheforeseeablefuture.

Possiblep______ofautomobiles.16.Atthisjuncture,asmanyas57percentofchildreninAmericadonothavefull-timeparentalsupervision,eitherlivingwithasingleparentwhoworksfulltimeorinatwo-parenthouseholdwithbothparentsworkingfulltime.Thelackofparentalsupervisionforyoungchildrenisnearlyasgreat.Asmanyas49percentofchildrenunderagesixdonothavethebenefitoffull-timeparenting.Whilesomechildrenenjoysuitablesubstitutesupervisionprovidedbyfriendsandrelativesorinday-care,fartoomanydonot.

Theneedofp______supervision.17.Youcan'talwaysrunaway,butyoucan"dreamtheimpossibledream".Aquietcountryscenepaintedmentallycanletyouescapefromastressfulsituation.Changethescenebyreadingagoodbookorplayingbeautifulmusictocreateasenseofpeace.

Createaquiets______.18.Probablythemostprimitivereasonforteenagerebelliousnessisphysicalinnature.Ataboutthebeginningofadolescence,childrenareundergoingprofoundhormonalchangesastheirbodiesgothroughpuberty.Theirbodiesaretellingthemthattheyarenolongerchildren,andyettheirparentsarestilltreatingthemaschildren.

Reasonswhyteenagersr______theirparents.19.Loveplaysaveryimportantpartinthisworldtoday.Itisdifficulttoimaginewhattheywouldbelikeiftherewerenoloveforeachother.

Tolivewithoutl______ismiserable.20.CaringforpeopleisoneareawherethestatesofEasternEuropearefarinadvanceofotherpartsoftheworld.Mostmedicalandsocialservicesareprovidedfree,andinsomecountriesworkersdonotevenhavetomakecontributionstothehealthandinsurancefunds,sincethesecontributionsaremadebytheemployer.

InEasternEurope,peoplecanusuallyenjoyverygoodmedicalandsocials______.21.Hisaudienceissurprisedtohearthatonly22percentofeighthgradersreadforfundaily,while65percentwatchthreehoursormoreoftelevisioneachday.ResearchalsoindicatesthataveragereadingproficiencydropswhenTVviewingreachesaboutthreehoursaday.Theirparent'habitsarenobetter:arecentsurveyshowsadeclineinnewspaperreadershipamongU.S.adults.

I______oftelevisiontoreading.22.Today,avarietyofsafetytestsisconductedonawiderangeofchemicalsandproducts,includingdrugs,vaccines,cosmetics,householdcleaners,pesticides,industrialchemicals,foodstuffs,andpackingmaterials.Themostthoroughtestingisreservedfordrugsandproductsthatwillbeusedinoronfoodstuffs.

Thet______ofsafetytesting.23.Summeristheidealtimeforoneofthegreatoutdooractivities,hiking.Itismuchmorethanjustagreatworkout.Youbreatheinthefresh,cleanairwhilethecitylifeyouhaveenduredallweekjustfadesaway.Whenhikinginthedeserts,yousuddenlyrealizethatlifeispreciousandyouwillthinkdeeplyaboutyourlife.

Hikingisab______activity.24.Somepeoplefeelverynervouswhentheyflyinairplanes.Nomatterhowhardtheytry,theycannotlowertheiranxiety.Manynoticetheiranxietybutonlyafewareconsciousofthewaytheyexpresstheirtension.Sometrytohidetheirnervousness;somebecomeaggressive,attackingpeoplebymakingthemthebuttofcrueljokes.

Differentr______totensionwhenflying.25.Teachingandlearningaretwoentirelydifferentprocesses.Theydifferinkindandfunction.Thefunctionofteachingistocreatetheconditionsandtheclimatethatwillmakeitpossibleforchildrentodevisethemostefficientsystemforteachingthemselvestoread.Teachingisalsopublicactivity.Itcanbeseenandobserved.

Teachingandlearningdifferinkindandf______.第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：function2.參考答案：事實上，時下的美國存在著兩種犯罪趨勢——分別設(shè)計青少年和成年人——其走向截然相反。[解析]whicharemovinginoppositedirections是由which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，可譯為：其走向截然相反。onefortheyoungandoneforthemature在這里為插入語，對主句進行補充說明。3.參考答案：preservation[解析]Thepreservationofwildlife.此段講到防止野生動物滅絕的有效措施之一，就是在全世界建立自然保護區(qū)。故此段主要講野生動物的保護。答案為preservation。4.參考答案：考慮到年輕人持槍犯罪的最近趨勢，青少年持槍的問題已不再是被過分夸大。[解析]這是一個簡單句，直譯即可。其中，inviewof考慮到。5.參考答案：Sympathy[解析]題目可譯為“作者的基本情感之一是什么”。文章主要講了作者對愛情和知識的向往，對同情、貧窮、孤獨、痛苦等的排斥，希望摧毀邪惡但又無能為力的心情。單詞以s開頭，又與“同情，憐憫”意思相近的是sympathy。答案為Sympathy。6.參考答案：在其他洲，雖然人口少得多，但也有類似的人口稠密區(qū)。[解析]populaceconcentration指人口稠密區(qū)；整句話是由although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。7.參考答案：cooling[解析]本段主要列舉了猛犸象可以在短程中跑得比人快的例子，但是在長跑中，人類可以超越任何的動物。原因是我們可以通過出汗而不是喘氣來使身體降溫，因此在長跑中能保持身體涼爽，但是動物在長跑中會變得越來越熱。段中的關(guān)鍵詞cool給我們提供了信息，因此我們可以總結(jié)出這段主要講了人類的降溫系統(tǒng)。答案為cooling。8.參考答案：沒有食物，人類大約可以活5周，沒有水，大約可以活5天，但如果沒有空氣，人類只能活5分鐘。[解析]這句話由三個簡單句構(gòu)成。直譯即可。9.參考答案：narrow[解析]本段落的主旨是縮小收入差距。電力、通信和其他一些壟斷性行業(yè)工資過高的現(xiàn)象亟待解決。答案為narrow。10.參考答案：公共社區(qū)學(xué)院提供了很好的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)，涉及的領(lǐng)域包括繪畫藝術(shù)、酒店和餐飲管理以及建材貿(mào)易。[解析]publiccommunitycolleges指公共社區(qū)學(xué)院；vocationaltraining指職業(yè)培訓(xùn)；specializingin指專營；buildingtrades指建材貿(mào)易。11.參考答案：affect[解析]本段主要講了情感和價值在信息加工和決定中發(fā)揮的巨大作用。我們被認知障礙包圍著，這些障礙將會使我們產(chǎn)生決定失衡。心理學(xué)家也發(fā)現(xiàn)人類在“決定”方面受到價值或情感的影響。本段中的第一句Emotionsandvalues...makeachoice也正是總結(jié)句要表達的含義。由此可以總結(jié)出主題句應(yīng)是說情感和價值極大地影響了決定。答案為affect。12.參考答案：deal[解析]本段落的主旨是如何對付壞心情。當我們感到身體不適、心情不好的時候，最好把影響心情的一些因素說出來，不要一直藏在心里。答案為deal。13.參考答案：Doubt[解析]本段話說，什么使一個人比另一個人聰明?聰明是天生的呢還是后天養(yǎng)成的，這些老問題的答案到現(xiàn)在仍然不是很清楚。intelligent和fool這些大腦的思考能力的特性屬于intermsofpeople'smind。不確定，疑問是doubt。答案為Doubt。14.參考答案：purpose[解析]本段落