人教版（2019）選擇性必修 第一冊外刊學(xué)習(xí)（含練習(xí)）

選擇性必修第一冊外刊學(xué)習(xí)：（含練習(xí)）‘Monster’AsianheatwaveandarrivalofElNinosignalseveredroughtcrisis亞洲“怪獸”熱浪和厄爾尼諾的到來預(yù)示著嚴重的干旱危機signalv[熟詞生義]預(yù)示（近indicate）droughtn[課標新增詞]旱災(zāi)；干旱crisisn[課標新增詞]危機Theworldisbeingalertedtothepossibilityofaseveredroughtcrisiscausedbytherecentheatwavethathasgripped(對……產(chǎn)生強有力的影響)muchofAsiaandthearrivalofElNi?o,whichcancauseintensedroughtfor2?3years,MinisterofNaturalResourcesandEnvironmentVarawutSilpa-archahaswarned.自然資源和環(huán)境部長VarawutSilpa-archa警告說，全世界可能將面臨一場嚴重的干旱危機，這是由近期籠罩亞洲大部分地區(qū)的熱浪和厄爾尼諾的到來而導(dǎo)致的，它可能會造成2?3年的嚴重干旱。intenseadj[課標新增詞][學(xué)術(shù)詞]強烈的；嚴重的（近extreme）Thailandissusceptible(易受影響的)totheeffectsofElNi?o,whichisforecastbytheDepartmentofMeteorologyandweatherexpertstocommence(開始發(fā)生)inJune.Theworld,Thailandincluded,isexpectedtofaceanintensedroughtduetotheoccurrenceofElNi?o,leadingtoreducedrainfallduringtherainyseason,orpossiblynorainatall.泰國很容易受到厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的影響。氣象局和氣象專家預(yù)測厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象將在6月份開始。屆時全世界，包括泰國在內(nèi)，都將會面臨嚴重的干旱，雨季降雨量減少，甚至可能根本沒有雨。duetoprep[課標新增詞]由于；因為occurrence/??k??r?ns/n[正式用語][學(xué)術(shù)詞]發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)ElNi?oisthewarmphaseofacyclical(周期的)climatepatternknownastheElNi?o-SouthernOscillation,whentemperaturesinthePacificreachmorethan0.5degreesCelsiusabovenormal.厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象是被稱為厄爾尼諾南方濤動的周期性氣候模式的溫暖階段，即太平洋的海面溫度比正常溫度高出0.5攝氏度以上。phasen[課標新增詞][學(xué)術(shù)詞]階段；時期abovenormal通常標準之上Inadditiontotheongoingdrought,whichispredictedtolastfor2?3years,Thailandisalsofacinganotherunprecedented(前所未有的)phenomenon,theso-called“MonsterAsianheatwave”.Thisextremeheatwaveisconsideredanothersignoftheescalating(逐步升級的)globalwarmingissuethathumanitymustaddress.除了正在發(fā)生的干旱（預(yù)計將持續(xù)2?3年），泰國還面臨著另一個前所未有的現(xiàn)象，即所謂的“亞洲怪獸熱浪”。這種極端熱浪被認為是全球變暖問題升級的另一個標志，人類必須予以解決。inadditionto除……之外signn[課標新增詞]標志issuen[課標新增詞][學(xué)術(shù)詞]爭論的問題addressv[正式用語]設(shè)法解決；處理VarawutsaidthatheatwavestendtomostlyhitEurope,buthadyettooccurinAsiauntilnow.Thisyear’sextremeheatunderlinedgrowingglobalwarmingconcernsandhasmadeitevenmoreimportanttorecognisetheneedtoreduceplasticwastesandindustrialairpollutants(污染物).Thereisnoquickfix,however.Becausewehavebeendegradingtheenvironmentformanydecades,itwilltakemanyyearsofintensive(密集的)effortstotackletheglobalwarmingproblem.Varawut說，熱浪往往主要侵襲歐洲，但此前還沒有在亞洲出現(xiàn)過。今年的極端高溫使得全球變暖這一問題受到了越來越多的關(guān)注，也讓人們更加意識到減少塑料垃圾和工業(yè)空氣污染物的必要性。然而，這個問題并沒有快速的解決之道。因為近幾十年來我們一直在使環(huán)境退化，所以要想解決這一問題，我們必須付出很多年的不懈努力。tendtodosth易于/往往會做某事mostlyadv[課標新增詞]主要地；多半underlinev強調(diào)（近highlight）fixn[一詞多義]解決方法tacklev[課標新增詞]解決TheproblemoftheMonsterAsianHeatwavecanbeputdowntothetransition(過渡)intotheElNi?ophase,whichinvolveschangesinthewarm-watercurrentflow.Asglobaltemperaturesrise,temperaturechangeswillbelesspronounced(明顯的),leadingtomoreintenseheatwaves.Whereverthetemperaturesrise,severedroughtconditionswilloccur,resultinginevenhighertemperatures,Varawutsaid.亞洲怪獸熱浪問題可以歸結(jié)為全球氣候向厄爾尼諾階段過渡的一個表現(xiàn)，這涉及到暖水洋流的變化。隨著全球氣溫上升，溫度變化將不再那么明顯，這就導(dǎo)致了更加強勁的熱浪。Varawut說，無論哪里的溫度上升，都會出現(xiàn)嚴重的干旱狀況，并導(dǎo)致更高的溫度。putdownto把……歸因于involvev[課標新增詞][學(xué)術(shù)詞]涉及currentn[課標新增詞][一詞多義]水流“Preparingtodealwiththeseveredroughtcrisisforthenext2?3yearsisurgent,”Varawutstressed.Inthepast,Bangkokhasexperiencedfloodingandarisingsealevelduetothemeltingofthepolaricecaps.Ifthesituationworsensbeyondthecurrentlevel,theElNi?oissuewillbecomeevenmoresevereinthenext2?3years.MeasuresshouldbetakennowtocopewithfuturefloodingandprovideadequatesupportfortheElNi?ophenomenon,whichwillintensify.Thailandmustbepreparedtotackletheheatwavetrendandseveredroughtrisk.“為應(yīng)對未來2?3年的嚴重干旱危機做準備已是迫在眉睫，”Varawut強調(diào)。在過去，由于極地冰蓋融化，曼谷曾遭遇洪水和海平面上升。如果氣候狀況在現(xiàn)有基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)惡化，那么在未來的2?3年內(nèi)，厄爾尼諾問題將會變得更加嚴重。我們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該采取措施應(yīng)對未來的洪水，并為應(yīng)對勢頭更強的厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象提供足夠的支持。泰國必須準備好應(yīng)對熱浪趨勢和嚴重的干旱風(fēng)險。copewith應(yīng)對（某種情況）intensifyv[學(xué)術(shù)詞]加強；增強（intense+-ify）（近heighten）Solutionstothisproblemincludebuildingmorereservoirs(水庫)andexpandingthewaterwaystoaccommodate(容納)rainfallduringthisrainyseason.Thedryseasonnextyearisexpectedtobemoreseverethanpreviousyears.Althoughthisyear’sdryseasonisaconcern,Varawutadded,therearestilladequatewaterreservesinthedams.However,thesituationisexpectedtoworsennextyearandin2025.Therefore,sufficientwaterstoragefacilitiesandefficientfarmlandirrigationsystemarevitalpreparations.若要解決這個問題，我們需要建造更多的水庫，擴充水道來儲存這個雨季的降水。預(yù)計明年的旱季將比往年更加嚴重。Varawut補充說，雖然今年的旱季令人堪憂，但水庫中仍有充足的水儲備。然而，預(yù)計明年和2025年的情況會變得更加糟糕。因此，準備充足的儲水設(shè)施和高效的農(nóng)田灌溉系統(tǒng)是至關(guān)重要的。sufficientadj[課標新增詞][學(xué)術(shù)詞]充足的facilitiesn[plurals][課標新增詞][學(xué)術(shù)詞]設(shè)施；設(shè)備efficientadj[課標新增詞]高效能的vitaladj至關(guān)重要的（近essential）“Natureisenteringtheprocessofpenalising(懲罰)usthroughdroughtsandheatwaves.Besidestherisinglandtemperature,theimpactisalsofeltintherisingseatemperatureanditsmorecomplexenvironmentalsystem.Evenafewdegreesincreaseinseawatertemperaturehasalreadycausedcoralbleaching,”Varawutpointedout.“大自然正在通過干旱和熱浪對我們?nèi)祟愡M行懲罰。除了陸地溫度升高，海洋溫度也在持續(xù)上升，甚至更為復(fù)雜的環(huán)境系統(tǒng)也深受其影響。即使海水溫度僅上升了幾度，就已經(jīng)造成了珊瑚白化?！盫arawut指出。impactn[課標新增詞][學(xué)術(shù)詞]影響“Whethertheissueofclimatechangewillleadtothecollapseofourworld,ornot,isstillupintheair.Wemaynothavereachedthatstageyetbutifwedonotexpedite(加快)effortstotacklethisissueseriously,wemayfacealossofbiodiversity,”Varawutsaid.“氣候變化問題是否會導(dǎo)致我們的世界崩潰，現(xiàn)在還沒有定論。我們可能還沒有到達那個階段，但如果我們不加快步伐認真解決這個問題，我們可能會面臨生物多樣性的喪失?！盫arawut說。collapsen[課標新增詞][學(xué)術(shù)詞]崩潰；垮掉upintheair懸而未決閱讀檢測TheworldisbeingalertedtothepossibilityofaseveredroughtcrisiscausedbytherecentheatwavethathasaffectedmuchofAsiaandthearrivalofElNi?o,whichcancauseintensedroughtfor2?3years,MinisterofNaturalResourcesandEnvironmentVarawutSilpa-archahaswarned.Thailandissusceptible(易受影響的)totheeffectsofElNi?o,whichisforecasttostartinJune.TheworldisexpectedtofaceanintensedroughtduetotheoccurrenceofElNi?o,leadingtoreducedrainfallduringtherainyseason,orpossiblynorainatall.Inadditiontotheongoingdrought,Thailandisalsofacinganotherunprecedented(前所未有的)phenomenon,theso-called“MonsterAsianheatwave”.Thisextremeheatwaveunderlinedgrowingglobalwarmingconcernsandhasmadeitevenmoreimportanttorecognisetheneedtoreduceplasticwastesandindustrialairpollutants.Thereisnoquickfix,however.Becausewehavebeenworseningtheenvironmentformanydecades,itwilltakemanyyearsofintensiveeffortstotackletheglobalwarmingproblem.“Preparingtodealwiththeseveredroughtcrisisforthenext2?3yearsisurgent,”Varawutstressed.Inthepast,Bangkokhasexperiencedfloodingandarisingsealevelduetothemeltingofthepolaricecaps.Ifthesituationworsensbeyondthecurrentlevel,theElNi?oissuewillbecomeevenmoresevereinthenext2?3years.Solutionstothisproblemincludebuildingmorereservoirs(水庫)andexpandingthewaterwaystoaccommodaterainfallduringthisrainyseason.Althoughthisyear’sdryseasonisaconcern,therearestilladequatewaterreservesinthedams.However,thesituationisexpectedtoworsennextyearandin2025.Therefore,sufficientwaterstoragefacilitiesandefficientfarmlandirrigationsystemarevitalpreparations.“Whethertheissueofclimatechangewillleadtothecollapseofourworld,ornot,isstillupintheair.Wemaynothavereachedthatstageyetbutifwedonotspeedupeffortstotacklethisissueseriously,wemayfacealossofbiodiversit