閱讀考前后沖刺

考前最后沖刺——閱讀理解唐遲1、核心解題原則2、作者態(tài)度把握3、定位處無(wú)答案的解決辦法4、關(guān)于純技巧聽(tīng)課說(shuō)明：1、梳理10年真題經(jīng)典2、必須反復(fù)回看3、拒絕大力丸1、核心解題原則：細(xì)節(jié)服從主旨2004

Text

2Over

the

past

century,

all

kinds

of

unfairness

anddiscrimination

have

been

condemned

or

made

illegal.

But

oneinsidious

form

continues

to

thrive:

alphabetism.

This,

for

thoseas

yet

unaware

of

such

a

disadvantage,

refers

to

discriminationagainst

those

whose

surnames

begin

with

a

letter

in

the

lowerhalf

of

the

alphabet.What

does

the

author

intend

to

illustrate

with

AAAA

cars

and

Zodiac

cars?A

kind

of

overlooked

inequality.A

type

of

conspicuous

bias.A

type

of

personal

prejudice.A

kind

of

brand

discrimination.What

can

we

infer

from

the

first

threeparagraphs?In

both

East

and

West,

names

are

essential

to

success.The

alphabet

is

to

blame

for

the

failure

of

Zo?

Zysman.Customers

often

pay

a

lot

of

attention

to

companies'

names.Some

form

of

discrimination

is

too

subtle

to

recognize.The4thparagraphsuggeststhat

.questions

are

often

put

tothe

more

intelligent

studentsalphabetically

disadvantaged

students

often

escape

form

classteachers

should

pay

attention

to

all

of

their

studentsstudents

should

be

seated

according

to

their

eyesightWhich

of

the

following

is

true

according

to

the

text?People

with

surnames

beginning

with

N

to

Z

are

often

ill-treated.VIPs

in

the

Western

world

gain

a

great

deal

from

alphabetism.The

campaign

to

eliminate

alphabetism

still

has

a

long

way

to

go.Putting

things

alphabetically

may

lead

to

unintentional

bias.①During

thepast

generation,the

American

middle-class

familythat

once

could

count

on

hard

work

and

fair

play

to

keep

itself

financially

secure

hadbeen

transformed

by

economic

riskand

new

realties.

Now

a

pink

slip,

abad

diagnosis,

or

a

disappearing

spouse

can

reduce

a

family

from

solidly

middleclasstonewlypoor

inafewmonths.Injustonegeneration,millionsofmothershavegonetowork,

transformingbasicfamilyeconomics.

②Scholars,

policymakers,

andcriticsofallstripeshavedebatedthesocial

implicationsofthesechanges,butfew

have

looked

at

the

side

effect:

family

risk

has

risen

as

well.

Today’s

familieshavebudgeted

tothelimits

of

theirs

new

two-paycheck

status.

③As

a

result,

theyhavelosttheparachuted

theyoncehad

intimes

offinancialsetback–aback-up

earner

(usually

Mom)

who

couldgo

into

the

workforce

iftheprimary

earner

gotlaidoffor

fell

sick.

④This

“added-worker

effect”

couldsupport

the

safety

net

offered

by

unemployment

insurance

or

disability

insurance

to

help

familiesweather

bad

times.

But

today,

a

disruptiontoDuring

the

same

period,

families

have

been

asked

to

absorb

much

more

risk

in

their

retirement

e.

⑤Steelworkers,

airline

employees,

andnow

those

inthe

auto

industryarejoining

millionsoffamilies

whomustworry

about

interest

rates,

stock

market

fluctuation,

and

the

harsh

reality

that

they

may

outlive

their

retirement

money.

⑥For

much

of

the

pastyear,

President

Bush

campaigned

to

move

Social

Security

to

a

saving-account

model,

withretirees

trading

much

orall

of

their

guaranteed

payments

for

payments

depending

on

investment

returns.

For

younger

families

the

picture

is

not

any

better.

⑦Both

the

absolute

cost

of

healthcare

and

the

share

of

it

borneby

families

have

risen–

and

newly

fashionablehealth-

saving

plans

are

spreading

from

legislative

halls

to

Wal-Martworkers,with

much

higher

deductibles

and

a

large

new

dose

of

investment

risk

for

families’

future

healthcare.

⑧Even

demographics

are

working

against

the

middle

class

family,

as

the

odds

of

having

a

weak

elderly

parent

–

and

all

the

attendant

need

for

physical

and

financial

assistance

–

have

jumped

eightfoldinjust

one

generation.As

a

result

of

President

Bush’s

reform,

retired

people

may

havea

higher

sense

of

security.less

secured

payments.less

chance

to

invest.a

guaranteed

future.According

to

the

author,

health-savings

plans

willhelp

reduce

the

cost

of

healthcare.popularize

among

the

middle

class.compensate

for

the

reduced

pensions.increase

the

families’

investment

risk.Which

of

the

following

is

the

best

title

for

this

text?The

Middle

Class

on

the

AlertThe

Middle

Class

on

the

CliffThe

Middle

Class

in

ConflictThe

Middle

Class

in

Ruins錯(cuò)誤答案特點(diǎn)：04-2

50.

Which

of

the

following

is

true

according

to

the

text?People

with

surnames

beginning

with

N

to

Z

are

often

ill-treated.VIPs

in

the

Western

world

gain

a

great

deal

from

alphabetism.The

campaign

to

eliminate

alphabetism

still

has

a

long

way

to

go.Putting

things

alphabetically

may

lead

to

unintentional

bias.細(xì)節(jié)服從主旨——主旨（中心思想）？主旨的把握：1、串線：抓首末句

注意轉(zhuǎn)折2、中心句：獨(dú)句段，開(kāi)頭提問(wèn)的回答3、中心詞：反復(fù)高頻出現(xiàn)的詞，特別注意同義改寫(xiě)主旨的把握：1、串線：抓首末句13-3

35.

Which

of

the

following

would

be

the

best

title

for

the

text?

(0.376)The

Ever-bright

Prospects

of

Mankind.Science,

Technology

and

Humanity.Evolution

of

the

Human

Species.Uncertainty

about

Our

Future.1段Up

until

a

few

decades

ago,

our

visions

of

the

future

were

largely—though

by

no

means

uniformly—glowingly

positive.2段Now

utopia

has

grown

unfashionable,

as

we

have

gained

a

deeperappreciation

of

the

range

of

threats

facing

us,

from

asteroid

strike

to

epidemicflu

and

to

climate

change.3段But

such

gloominess

is

misplaced.

4段So

what

does

our

deep

future

hold?5段Perhaps

willfully,it

may

be

easier

to

think

about

such

lengthy

timescalesthan

about

the

more

immediate

future.6段But

take

a

longer

view

and

there

is

a

surprising

amount

that

we

can

saywith

considerable

assurance.7段This

long

perspective

makes

the

pessimistic

view

of

our

prospects

seemmore

likely

to

be

a

passing

fad.08-108-309-209-410-110-211-211-312-313-113-314-214-4主旨的把握：1、串線：抓首末句————

放之四海而皆準(zhǔn)主旨的把握：1、串線：抓首末句2、中心句：獨(dú)句段，開(kāi)頭提問(wèn)的回答Of

all

the

changes

that

have

taken

place

in

English-language

newspapers

duringthe

past

quarter-century,

perhaps

the

most

far-reaching

has

been

the

inexorabledecline

in

the

scope

and

seriousness

of

their

arts

coverage.It

is

difficult

to

the

point

of

impossibility

for

the

average

reader

under

the

age

of

forty

to

imagine

a

timewhen

high-quality

arts

criticism

could

be

found

in

most

big-city

newspapers.

Yet

a

considerable

number

of

the

most

significant

collections

of

criticism

published

in

the

20th

century

consisted

in

large

part

of

newspaperreviews.

To

read

such

bookstoday

is

to

marvel

at

the

fact

that

their

learned

contents

were

once

deemedsuitable

for

publication

in

general-circulation

dailies.We

are

even

farther

removed

from

the

unfocused

newspaper

reviews

published

in

England

between

theturn

of

the

20th

century

and

the

eve

of

World

War

II,

at

a

time

when

newsprint

was

dirt-cheap

and

stylish

artscriticism

was

considered

an

ornament

to

the

publications

in

which

it

appeared.2010

Text

1主旨的把握：1、串線：抓首末句2、中心句：獨(dú)句段，開(kāi)頭提問(wèn)的回答3、中心詞：反復(fù)高頻，特別注意同義改寫(xiě)11-2

30.Which

of

the

following

is

the

best

title

for

the

text?CEOs:

Where

to

Go?CEOs:

All

the

WayUp?Top

Managers

Jump

without

a

NetThe

Only

Way

Out

for

Top

PerformersWhen

Liam

McGee

departed

as

president

of

Bank

of

America

in

August,

his

explanation

was

surprisingly

straight

up.Rather

than

cloaking

his

exit

in

the

usual

vague

excuses,

he

came

right

out

and

said

he

was

leaving

"to

pursue

my

goal

ofrunning

a

company."

Broadcasting

his

ambition

was

"very

much

my

decision,"

McGee

says.

Within

two

weeks,

he

wastalking

for

the

first

time

with

the

board

of

Hartford

Financial

Services

Group,

which

named

him

CEO

and

chairman

onSeptember

29.McGee

says

leaving

without

a

position

lined

up

gave

him

time

to

reflect

on

what

kind

of

company

he

wanted

to

run.

It

alsosent

a

clear

message

to

the

outside

world

about

his

aspirations.

And

McGee

isn't

alone.

In

recent

weeks

the

No.2

executivesatAvon

and

American

Express

quit

with

the

explanation

that

they

were

looking

for

a

CEO

post.

As

boards

scrutinize

successionplans

in

response

to

shareholder

pressure,

executives

who

don't

get

the

nod

also

may

wish

to

move

on.

A

turbulent

businessenvironment

also

has

senior

managers

cautious

of

letting

vague

pronouncements

cloud

their

reputations.As

thefirst

signs

ofrecoverybegintotakehold,deputy

chiefs

maybe

morewillingto

makethejumpwithout

anet.

Inthethird

quarter,

CEO

turnover

was

down

23%

from

a

year

ago

as

nervous

boards

stuck

with

the

leaders

they

had,

according

toLiberum

Research.

As

the

economy

picks

up,

opportunities

will

abound

for

aspiring

leaders.The

decision

to

quit

a

senior

position

to

look

for

a

better

one

isunconventional.

For

years

executives

and

headhunters

haveadhered

to

the

rule

that

the

most

attractive

CEO

candidates

are

the

ones

who

must

be

poached.

Says

Korn/Ferry

senior

partnerDennis

Carey:

"I

can't

think

of

a

single

search

I've

done

where

a

board

has

not

instructed

me

to

look

at

sitting

CEOs

first."Those

who

jumped

without

a

job

haven't

always

landed

in

top

positions

quickly.

Ellen

Marram

quit

as

chief

of

Tropicanaadecade

ago,

saying

she

wanted

to

be

a

CEO.

It

was

a

year

before

she

became

head

of

a

tiny

Internet-based

commoditiesexchange.

Robert

Willumstad

left

Citigroup

in

2005

with

ambitions

to

be

a

CEO.

He

finally

took

that

post

at

a

major

financialinstitution

three

years

later.Many

recruiters

say

the

old

disgrace

is

fading

for

top

performers.

The

financial

crisis

has

made

it

more

acceptable

to

bebetween

jobs

or

to

leave

a

bad

one.

"The

traditional

rule

was

it's

safer

to

stay

where

you

are,

but

that's

been

fundamentallyinverted,"

says

one

headhunter.

"The

people

who've

been

hurt

the

worst

are

those

who've

stayed

too

long."30.

Which

of

the

following

is

thebest

title

for

the

text?[A]CEOs:

Where

to

Go?[B]CEOs:

All

the

Way

Up?[C]Top

Managers

Jump

withouta

Net[D]The

Only

Way

Out

for

TopPerformers1

段：When

Liam

McGee

departed

as

president

ofBank

of

America2段：McGee

says

leaving

without

a

position3段：As……,

deputy

chiefs

may

be

more

willing

tomake

the

jump

without

a

net.4段：The

decision

to

quit

a

senior

position

tolook

for

a

better

one

is

unconventional.5段：Those

who

jumped

without

a

job30.

Which

of

the

following

is

thebest

title

for

the

text?[A]CEOs:

Where

to

Go?[B]CEOs:

All

the

Way

Up?[C]Top

Managers

Jump

withouta

Net[D]The

Only

Way

Out

for

TopPerformers1

段：When

Liam

McGee

departed

as

president

ofBank

of

America2段：McGee

says

leaving

without

a

position3段：As……,

deputy

chiefs

may

be

more

willing

tomake

the

jump

without

a

net.4段：The

decision

to

quit

a

senior

position

tolook

for

a

better

one

is

unconventional.5段：Those

who

jumped

without

a

job主旨的把握：1、串線：抓首末句————

放之四海而皆準(zhǔn)主旨的把握：1、串線：抓首末句2、中心句：獨(dú)句段，開(kāi)頭提問(wèn)的回答3、中心詞：反復(fù)高頻，特別注意同義改寫(xiě)中心思想題選項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì)走文藝范07-1

25.Which

of

the

following

proverbs

is

closest

to

themessage

the

text

tries

to

convey?“Faithwillmove

mountains.”“One

reaps

whatone

sows.”“Practice

makes

perfect.”“Like

father,

like

son.”07-3

35.Which

of

the

followingis

the

best

titlefor

this

text?TheMiddle

Classonthe

AlertTheMiddle

Classonthe

CliffTheMiddle

Classin

ConflictTheMiddle

ClassinRuins10-1

25.Whatwouldbe

the

best

title

for

thetext?Newspapers

of

the

Good

Old

DaysThe

Lost

Horizon

in

NewspapersMournful

Decline

of

JournalismProminent

CriticsinMemory11-2

30.

Which

of

the

following

is

the

best

title

for

thetext?[A]CEOs:

Where

to

Go?[B]CEOs:

All

the

Way

Up?[C]TopManagers

Jump

without

a

Net[D]The

Only

Way

Outfor

Top

Performers主旨的把握：1、串線：抓首末句2、中心句：獨(dú)句段，開(kāi)頭提問(wèn)的回答3、中心詞：反復(fù)高頻，特別注意同義改寫(xiě)串聯(lián)題干把握中心Which

of

the

followingis

true

accordingto

the

first

two

paragraphs?Women

are

biologically

more

vulnerable

to

stress.Women

are

still

suffering

much

stress

caused

by

men.Women

are

more

experienced

than

men

in

coping

with

stress.Men

and

women

show

different

inclinations

when

faced

withstress.Dr.

Yehuda’s

research

suggests

that

womenneed

extra

doses

of

chemicals

to

handle

stress.have

limited

capacity

for

tolerating

stress.are

morecapableof

avoiding

stress.areexposedto

more

stress.According

to

Paragraph

4,

the

stress

women

confront

tends

to

beThe

sentence“I

livedfrompaycheck

to

paycheck.”(Line

6,

Para.

5)

shows

thatWhich

ofthefollowing

would

bethebest

titleforthetext?Strain

of

Stress:No

Way

Out?Responses

to

Stress:

GenderDifferenceStress

Analysis:

What

Chemicals

SayGender

Inequality:

Women

Under

Stress2008

Text

109-2

26.

In

paragraphs

1

and

2,

the

text

shows

PTK’s

.PTK

isused

to

.Skeptical

observers

believe

that

ancestry

testing

fails

to

.In

the

last

paragraph,

a

problem

commercial

genetic

testing

faces

is.An

appropriate

title

for

the

text

is

most

likely

to

be

.Fors

and

Againsts

of

DNA

testingDNA

testing

and

It’s

problemsDNA

testing

outside

the

labLies

behind

DNA

testing————

錯(cuò)誤答案特點(diǎn)09-4

36.

The

author

notes

that

in

the

seventeenth-century

NewEngland

.It

is

suggested

in

paragraph

2

that

New

Englanders

.The

early

ministers

and

political

leaders

in

Massachusetts

Bay

.The

story

of

John

Dane

shows

that

less

well-educated

New

Englanders

wereoften

.The

text

suggests

that

early

settlers

in

New

England

.were

mostly

engaged

in

political

activitieswere

motivated

by

an

illusory

prospectcame

from

different

backgrounds.left

few

formal

records

for

later

reference11-2

26.When

McGee

announced

his

departure,

his

manner

can

best

bedescribed

as

being

.According

to

Paragraph

2,

senior

executives’

quitting

may

be

spurred

by.The

word

"poached"

(Line

3,

Paragraph

4)

most

probably

means

.It

can

be

inferred

from

the

last

paragraph

that

.Which

of

the

following

is

the

best

title

for

the

text?CEOs:

Where

to

Go?CEOs:

All

the

WayUp?Top

Managers

Jump

without

a

NetThe

Only

Way

Out

for

Top

Performers13-3

31.

Our

vision

of

the

future

used

to

be

inspired

by

.The

IUCN's

“Red

List”

suggests

that

human

beings

are

.Which

of

the

following

is

true

according

to

Paragraph

5?To

ensure

the

future

of

mankind,

it

is

crucial

to

.Which

of

the

following

would

be

the

best

title

for

the

text?The

Ever-bright

Prospects

of

Mankind.Science,

Technology

and

Humanity.Evolution

of

the

Human

Species.Uncertainty

about

Our

Future.2、作者態(tài)度把握作者態(tài)度選項(xiàng)詞匯歸納正面：

positive

optimistic

approval

supportive負(fù)面：negative

pessimistic disapproval

criticaldoubtful

suspicious

skeptical

questionable中立：neural

objective

impartial

disinteresteduninterested

unconcerned

indifferentconfused

puzzledbiased

prejudice

contemptuous作者態(tài)度選項(xiàng)詞匯歸納正面：

positive

optimistic

approval

supportive負(fù)面：negative

pessimistic disapproval

criticaldoubtful

suspicious

skeptical

questionable中立：neural

objective

impartial

disinteresteduninterested

unconcerned

indifferentconfused

puzzledbiased

prejudice

contemptuous作者態(tài)度選項(xiàng)詞匯歸納正面：

positive

optimistic

approval

supportive負(fù)面：negative

pessimistic disapproval

criticaldoubtful

suspicious

skeptical

questionable中立：neural

objective

impartial

disinteresteduninterested

unconcerned

indifferentconfused

puzzledbiased

prejudice

contemptuous07-2

30.What

istheauthor’sattitudetowardsIQ

test?Supportive.Skeptical.Impartial.Biased.Such

standardized

tests

may

not

assess

all

the

important

elements

necessary

to

succeed

in

school

and

in

life,

argues

Robert

J.

Sternberg.

In

his

article

“HowIntelligentIs

Intelligence

Testing

?

”,

③Sternberg

notes

thattraditionaltest

best

assess

analytical

and

verbal

skillsbut

fail

to

measurecreativity

and

practical

knowledge,

components

also

critical

toproblem

solving

and

life

success.

Moreover,

IQ

test

do

notnecessarily

predict

so

well

once

populations

or

situationschange.

Research

has

found

that

IQ

predicted

leadershipskillswhen

the

tests

were

given

under

low-stressconditions,butunder

high-stress

conditions,

IQ

was

negatively

correlatedwithleadership

–that

is,

it

predicted

theopposite.

Anyone

who

hastoiled

through

SAT

will

testify

that

test-taking

skill

also

matters,whether

it’s

knowing

when

to

guess

or

what

questions

to

skip.11-1

25.RegardingGilbert’s

role

inrevitalizing

the

Philharmonic,

theauthorfeels

.doubtfulenthusiasticconfidentpuzzledOne

possible

response

is

for

classical

performers

toprogram

attractive

new

music

that

is

not

yet

available

onrecord.

Gilbert's

own

interest

in

new

music

has

been

widelynoted:

Alex

Ross,

aclassical-musiccritic,

hasdescribed

himasa

man

who

is

capable

of

turning

the

Philharmonic

into

"a

markedly

different,

more

vibrant

organization."But

what

will

be

the

nature

of

that

difference

?

Merely

expanding

the

orchestra's

repertoire

will

not

be

enough.

If

Gilbert

and

the

Philharmonic

are

to

succeed,they

must

first

change

the

relationship

between

America'soldest

orchestra

and

the

new

audience

it

hopes

to

attract.Far

less

certain,

however,

is

how

successfully

experts

and

bureaucrats

can

select

our

peer

groups

and

steer

their

activities

in

virtuous

directions.

It’s

like

theteacher

whobreaks

upthe

troublemakersin

the

back

row

by

pairing

themwith

better-behaved

classmates.

The

tacticneverreally

works.

And

that’sthe

problem

with

asocialcure

engineered

from

the

outside:

in

the

realworld,as

in

school,

we

insist

on

choosing

our

own

friends.12-1

25.

The

authorsuggests

in

the

lastparagraph

that

the

effectof

peer

pressure

isharmfuldesirableprofoundquestionableJohn

Donahue

at

Harvard’s

Kennedy

Schoolpointsout

that

the

norms

of

culture

in

Western

civilservices

suit

those

who

want

to

stay

put

but

is

badfor

high

achievers.

The

only

Americanpublic-sectorworkers

who

earn

well

above

$

250,000

a

year

areuniversity

sports

coaches

and

the

president

of

theUnited

States.

Bankers’fat

pay

packets

haveattracted

much

criticism,

but

a

public-sector

system

that

does

not

reward

high

achievers

may

be

a

much

bigger

problem

for

America.12-4

40.

John

Donahue’sattitude

towards

thepublic-sector

system

isone

ofJohn

Donahue[A]disapproval.[B]appreciation.[C]tolerance.[D]indifference.13-2

30.

The

author'sattitude

towards

whatBrendon

Lynch

said

inhis

blog

is

one

of

.indulgenceunderstandingappreciationskepticismAlso

unclear

is

why

Microsoft

has

gone

it

alone.After

all,

it

has

an

ad

business

too,

which

it

says

willcomply

with

DNT

requests,

though

it

isstill

working

out

how.

If

it

istrying

to

upset

Google,which

relies

almost

wholly

on

advertising,

it

haschosen

anindirectmethod:

There

isnoguaranteethat

DNT

by

default

will

e

the

norm.

DNT

does

notseem

anobviouslyhuge

sellingpointfor

Windows8—though

the

firm

has

compared

some

of

its

otherproducts

favourably

with

Google's

on

that

countbefore.

Brendon

Lynch,

Microsoft's

chief

privacyofficer,

blogged:

“We

believe

consumers

shouldhave

more

control.”

Could

it

really

be

thatsimple

?14-4

36.

According

toParagraph

1,

what

isthe

author’sattitude

toward

theAAAS’s

report?CriticalAppreciativeContemptuousTolerant“The

Heart

of

the

Matter,”the

just-releasedreportby

the

American

Academy

of

Arts

and

Sciences(AAAS),

deserves

praise

for

affirming

theimportance

of

the

humanities

and

socialsciencesto

the

prosperity

and

security

of

liberaldemocracyin

America.

Regrettably,

however,

thereport’sfailure

to

address

the

true

nature

of

the

crisisfacing

liberal

education

may

cause

more

harm

than

good.由此引出：閱讀理解讀什么？閱讀理解讀什么？1、中心思想2、形容詞、副詞3、邏輯關(guān)系3、定位處無(wú)答案的時(shí)候（含例證）—— 唯一能救你的

(沖刺高難度分值，選聽(tīng)）05-3

32.By

referring

to

the

limbic

system,

the

author

intends

to

show

.its

function

in

our

dreamsthe

mechanism

of

REM

sleepthe

relation

of

dreams

to

emotionsits

difference

from

the

prefrontal

cortexNow

researchers

suspect

that

dreams

are

part

of

the

mind’s

emotionalthermostat,

regulating

moods

while

the

brain

is

“off-line.”……….Evidence

from

brain

imaging

supports

this

view.

The

brain

is

as

activeduring

REM

(rapid

eye

movement)

sleep

--

when

most

vivid

dreamsoccur

--

as

it

is

when

fully

awake,

says

Dr,

Eric

Nofzinger

at

theUniversity

of

Pittsburgh.

But

not

all

parts

of

the

brain

are

equallyinvolved;

the

limbic

system

(the

“emotional

brain”)

is

especiallyactive,

while

the

prefrontal

cortex

(the

center

of

intellect

and

reasoning)is

relatively

quiet.

“We

wake

up

from

dreams

happy

or

depressed,

andthose

feelings

can

stay

with

us

all

day.”

says

Stanford

sleep

researcherDr.

William

Dement.The

link

between

dreams

and

emotions

shows

up

among

the

patients

inCartwright’s

clinic……….According

to

the

author

,

the

rule

changes

of

the

FASB

may

result

inthe

diminishing

role

of

managementthe

revival

of

the

banking

systemthe

banks'

long-term

asset

lossesthe

weakening

of

its

independenceAccording

to

Paragraph

4,

McCreevy

objects

to

the

IASB's

attempt

tokeep

away

from

political

influences.evade

the

pressure

from

their

peers.act

on

their

own

in

rule-setting.take

gradual

measures

in

reform.2010-42段Unfortunately,banks'lobbying

now

seems

to

be

working.The

details

may

beunknowable,but

the

independence

of

standard-setters,essential

to

the

properfunctioning

of

capital

markets,isbeing

compromised……………3段After

a

bruising

encounter

with

Congress,

America‘s

Financial

Accounting

StandardsBoard

(FASB)

rushed

through

rule

changes.These

gave

banks

more

freedom

to

usemodels

tovalueilliquid

assets

and…………4段European

ministers

instantly

demanded

that

the

International

Accounting

StandardsBoard

(IASB)

do

likewise.The

IASBsays

it

does

not

want

to

act

without

overall

planning,but