文本01清晨文學

Period1:ColonialPeriodandEarlyAmericanLiture

AmericanPuritanism

Firstsettlers: American nsorNativeAmericans.

DiscoveryofAmerica:byColumbusin1492

Englishsettlement:afterthearrivaloftheshipof“MayFlower”in1620

Earliestsettlers:Puritanswhowishedtoreformor“purify”theirreligiousbeliefsandpractices

ThemaindoctrinesofPuritanism:

originalsin(totaldepravity)

chosenpeople(determinism)

saint-likelife

moralrigor

self-struggle

Religiousactivitieswereamatteroffirstimportanceandallothersshouldservethereligiouspurpose.

ColonialLiture

ThreeCharacteristicsofColonialLiture:

MostofthewriterswereborninBritain.

TheearlyAmericanli ryworkswerenotsodifficulttounderstandastheearlyEnglishli ryworks.

TheearlyPuritanwritersfaithfullyimitateandtransntEnglishli rytraditions.

The18th-century:Enlightenment

AmericanRevolution&Enlightenment

Enlightenment:anin lectualmovementwhoserationalisticspiritinspiredAmericanmenoflettersandbroughtthemoutofthelimitationofPuritanism.

Li tureinthe18thCentury

Writers:activesupportersorparticipantsoftheAmericanRevolution.

Model:Addisonandother18th-centuryEnglishwritersfora“inandfirm”style.Categories:history,diary,politicalessayandarticlesaboutreligion,aswellaspoetry,satirieratureandstoriesofmorality(+fictionanddrama)

Importantworks:BenjaminFranklin’sAutobiography,ThomasPaine’sCommonSense,andThomasJefferson’sTheDeclarationofce.

BenjaminFranklinandhisAutobiography

Contents:thelifeofFranklinasacleverandindustriousbusinessman,whoserags-to-riche periencebecametheprototypeofmanyAmericans’dreamofsuccess.Theme:boththePuritans’emphasisonself-improvement,self-ysis,andmoralvalues,andtheEnlighteners’emphasisonrationalism,order,andeducation.

Importantences:

FromthepovertyandobscurityinwhichIwasbornandinwhichIpassedmyearliestyears,Ihaveraisedmyselftostateofaffluenceandsomedegreeofcelebrityintheworld.IhaveraisedmyselffromthepovertyandobscurityinwhichIwasbornandinwhichIpassedmyearliestyears,tostateofaffluenceandsomedegreeofcelebrityintheworld.

出身貧寒，幼年生長在卑賤的家庭中，后來居然生活優(yōu)裕，在世界上稍有聲譽。

Ineverheardorsawtheintroductorywords,“WithoutVanityImaysay,”etc.,butsomevainthingimmediayfollowed.

Ineverheardorsawtheintroductorywords,“WithoutVa