江蘇省蘇州市2019屆高三期期調(diào)研英語試題含答案

..2018—2019學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三期初調(diào)研試卷.考前須知1.本試卷分為第一卷(選擇題)和第二卷(非選擇題)，總分值120分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。2.請將第一卷的答案填涂在答趙卡上，第二卷請直接在答題卡上規(guī)定的地方作答。答題前，務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、、考試號等相關(guān)信息寫在答題卡上規(guī)定的地方。第I卷〔選擇題，共80分)第一局部：聽力理解(共兩節(jié)，總分值15分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音容完畢后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每題1分，總分值5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers"A.Salesmanandcustomer.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Doctorandpatient.2.HowmanybooksdidMr.Robinsonremend"A.6. B.8.C.16.3.WhatdoweknowaboutBillfromtheconversation"A.Heislazy. B.Heisforgetful.C.Heisfearless.4.Whatisthecauseoftheirplaint"A.Theheat. B.Thelecture.C.Theairquality.5.Whydidtheofficerstopthewoman"A.Shewasspeeding.B.Hethoughtshewasindanger.C.Sheplayedthemusicsoloud.第二節(jié)(共10小題；每題1分，總分值10分)聽下面4段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，答復(fù)第6、7題。6.Whatwasthesurveyabout"A.Atelevisionprogram.B.Anewshoppingcenter.C.Anewly-builtrailwaystation.7.Whatisthewoman'sattitudetotheplan"A.Shethinksitisstupid.B.Shestronglyremendsit.C.Shethinksitdeservescarefulconsideration.聽第7段材料，答復(fù)第8、9題。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablyhappen"A.Attheairport. B.Attheticketoffice.C.Atthehotel9.WhatwillthewomandoinBerlin"A.Attendameeting. B.Seeherfriend.C.Haveamedicalexam聽第8段材料，答復(fù)第10至12題。10.WhatdoesthewomanplainaboutSteve"A.Heislateforworkeveryday.B.Heturnsinhisreportslateeverytime.C.Hedoesnotgetalongwellwithothers.11.WhatdoesthemanthinkofSteve"A.Lazy. B.Sensitive.C.Smart12.HowwillthespeakerssolveSteve’sproblem"A.Byfiringhim. B.Bytalkingtohim.C.Bycuttingshorthisholiday聽第9段材料，答復(fù)第13至15題。13.Whatdidthespeakerusetodoforaliving"A.Heranavillageshop.B.Heworkedasagardener.C.Heworkedinanadvertisingagency.14.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeaker'sformerjob"A.Itwasstressful. B.Itwasboring.C.C.Itwaslow-paid.15.Whatmadethespeakerchangehislifestyle"A.Thedeclineofhishealth.B.Thebreakupofhisfamily.C.Thedesiretostarthisownbusiness.第二局部：英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，總分值35分)第一節(jié)單項選擇(共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分)請認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。16.Formiddle-agedpeople,fatismorelikelyto_______aroundthehipsandstomachs.A.acquire B.approach C.achieve D.accumulate17.Nowalloftheworld'sconcentrationison_______itisthatthetradewarwilletoanend.A.which B.where C.how D.what18.Youngpeoplelivinginbigcitiesprefertobuynewenergycars_____theincreasingoilprice.A.inresponseto B.inlinewith C.inexchangeforD.infavorof19.Wehavebeentryingtotraintheyoungpeoplewhowerehiredlastmonth,butthey_______theirbesttolearn.A.didn’tdo B.arenotdoing C.werenotdoing D.hadn'tdoneWeattendedthemeetingintheschoollecturehalllastnight, seatsmorethan300students.A.which B.whose C.when D.where21.—Areyoufamiliarwiththenewmanagerofourdepartment"—Sure.Wehappened_______aroomwhenwewereonbusinesslastyear.A.sharing B.tohaveshared C.havingshared D.toshare22.Todayyourpowerofleadershipdependsontheeffectonothers—thatis,thekeytosuccessfulleadershipis______,notauthority.A.affection B.intelligence C.passion D.influence23.Theresearchshowedthatitwouldbemorethantenyears_____levelsofdangerousfineparticularmatterinBeijingwoulddroptothesafelevel.A.since B.when C.before D.tillThenewswouldhavegotaroundinaninstant______anInternetwaybackthen.A.werethere B.hadtherebeen C.iftherewouldbe D.iftherewas25.PeopleworkinginITindustryhavetokeeponstudyingnewtechnology______theycankeepafavorablepositioninthejobmarket.A.inthat B.incase C.sothat D.nowthat26.Fourboysoutofatotalof12youngsoccerteammembershavebeenrescuedafter_______inacaveinnorthernThailandformorethantwoweeks.A.beingtrapped B.havingtrappedC.trapped D.trapping27.Thesmellandfeelofanewbookisattractive,butI______inlovewithaudiobooksoverthelastfewyears.A.fall B.amfalling C.fellD.havefallen28.—Tomcan’tsparetimetoattendourpartytonight.—Well,______,forheisawetblanket.A.that’stheproblem B.that’sarelief C.whatapityD.takecare29.SellersonTaobaowillacceptthereturnofgoodsiftheydonot______whatthecustomershaveordered.A.correspondto B.contributeto C.subscribeto D.stickto30.NobodycanimaginethatMr.Wang,therichestmaninthecity,was_____whenhewastwenty.A.hotunderthecollar B.downinthedumpsC.aspoorasachurchmouse D.ascoolasacucumber第二節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每題1分，總分值20分)請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。MykidssatonGee'slivingroomfloorandrespectfullyliftedChristmasdecorationsoutofacardboardbox.Theyshoutedwith31whentheydiscoveredatinytoycat.Finally,mysonwas32aboutatinymodernhelicopter,justonthecontrary,mydaughterwitha(n)33MickeyMouse.Geestoodbesidethem,34eachtreasure.SheturnedtomeandcontinuedtosaysheandTombuilttheir35overtimebybuyingoneortwoniceoneseachyearintheafter-Christmassales.Eventually,we36,withboxesinmyarmsandshewassmiling.Her37belongings,gatheredoveralifetime,foundanewhome.Wefirst38 TomandGeeintheearlydaysofourmarriage.JimandIworkedfull-time,andinthemorningwe 39ourgarbagecansontheroadside,whichwouldhavetowaitthelong,lonely10hoursthereuntilwereturnedto40them.Everydaywe’dehometofindthemneatly41intheirspotnexttoourgarage.Finallywesawanoldcouplewho42withhis10-year-oldgrandsonacrossfromuspickthemup.TomandGee43pickedupgarbagecansandtaughtuswhatit44tobeaneighbor.Theytaughtusthat45doesn’tendataboundaryline.It 46toallthesepeople.Thesepeople,the47amongthemandthelovethatflowsthroughthemallexplainwhatahomeis.ThisChristmas,we’llmakeourtreeattractivewithGee's48.We’llbringbeautifullypackagedChristmaspresentstosome49likethecouple.Toothers,we'll50awaveanda"MerryChristmas.〞31.A.careB.horrorC.delightD.caution32.A.doubtfulB.anxiousC.pitifulD.crazy33.A.wornB.traditionalColdD.silly34.A.designingB.gettingC.explainingD.weighing35.A.collectionsB.interestC.possessionsD.pleasure36.A.refusedB.arrivedC.selectedD.left37.A.strangeB.preciousC.modemD.spare38.A.metB.invitedC.acceptedD.thanked39.A.laidB.emptiedC.desertedD.stored40.A.storeupB.dealwithC.makeoutD.careabout41.A.buriedB.transformedC.placedD.developed42.A.livedB.quarreledC.workedD.wandered43.A.carelesslyB.quietlyC.casuallyD.violently44.A.occurredB.meantC.reflectedD.expected45.A.privacyB.hopeC.peaceD.home46.A.turnsB.addsC.agreesD.extends47.A.controlB.wordsC.connectionsD.fort48.A.decorationsB.fundC.methodsD.donation49.A.partnersB.strangersC.neighborsD.relatives50.A.stopB.createkeepD.exchange第三局部：閱讀理解(共15小題；每題2分，總分值30分)請認(rèn)真閱讀以下短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AFreelancewritersWantedAssociatedContentisanonlinepublishingplatformthatenablesanyonetoearnmoneybywritingarticlesontheWeb.WritingforACisagreatworkopportunityforstudents,stay-at-homeparentsandfreelancewriters.Youcanworkonyourowntimeandprovidepapers,reviews,essays,etc.onanytopicthatyouhaveinterestin.Thisisajobyoucandofromanywhere—allyouneedisaccesstotheInternet.Here’showyougetstarted:1)Goto.associatedcontent./join/hotjobs.2)Followtheinstructionstoregister.3)Followinyourprofile(簡介)，makingnoteofyourpreviousexperienceandyourareasofexperience(ifany).4)Startprovidingarticles.You'llbeginearningmoneyassoonasyourarticlesarepublishedandtheamountisbasedonthepageviewsitreceives.Inadditiontoourownlibraryofcontent,wehavehundredsofpartners(PartnerContentTeam)whoworkwithACtoobtainhigh-quality.Assuch,therearelotsofopportunitiesforourmosttalentedandproductivewriterstoaccept"PartnerAssignments〞onanas-neededbasis.Ifyou'reinterestedinacceptinghigherpayingPartnerAssignments,sendusalinktoyourACprofileonceyouhaveprovidedatleastfivearticles.WewillreviewallarticlesandpassthemalongtoourPartnerContentTeam.Ifselected,youwillstartreceivingspecialpaidassignmentsfromusonaregularbasis,whichyouarefreetoacceptorignore.NOTE:wepayourwritersviaPayPaldaily.Anyquestions"Emailme:demelasociatedcontent.51.YoucanwriteforAConconditionthatyou____.A.haveaccesstotheInternet B.haverichexperienceinwritingC.mustbefreeathome D.mustprovideatleastfivearticles52.PartnerContentTeamismentionedheretoA.showoffitsrichlibraryofcontentB.laystressontheimportanceofcooperationC.seekmoresupportfromotherbusinesspartnersD.attractmorepeopletowritearticlesforACBNotonlydoestheuseofdisposable(—次性的〕plasticwaterbottleshurtyourwallet,italsoincreasespollution,wastesenergy,andsurprisinglywasteswater.Only23%ofallplasticinAmericaendsupinarecyclingbin,meaningover$1billionworthofplasticiswastedayear.Justtheproductionofwaterbottlesusesenoughoilannuallytofuel1.3millioncarsforanentireyear,andasinglebottlerequiresthreetimesmorewatertoproducethantofillit.Insteadofcarryingaroundareusablewaterbottle,whichyou’lleitherloseorleaveathome,causingthepurchaseofyetanotherdisposablebottle,SkippingRocksLabhaseupwithadifferentsolution—aneatable,biodegradable(可由生物降解的〕waterbottle.Oohoisaconvenient,clearwaterpodthatcaneitherbedrunkoreaten.Todrinkit,youcaneitherpeeloffthemembrane(薄膜〕ortearaholeinthemembranewithyourteethtopourthewaterintoyourmouth.Toeatit,yousimplypopthewholepodinyourmouth.Thecasingmayappearfragile(易碎的)，butOohocreatorRodrigoGarciaGonzalezsaysthebubblecasingisliketheskinofafruit.Themembranepackagingbiodegradesinfourtosixweeks,likeapieceoffruit.OneproblemthescientistsanddesignersatSkippingRocksLabhaverunintoishowtoshiplargeamountsofOohobubbleswithoutarrivingwithaverywettruck.Fortunately,theyhavesuccessfullypackagedunitsofindividualOohobubblestogetherinsidealargerandthickermembrane,similartotheonesfoundaroundthesmallerspheres(球體).Thepriceforanindividualbubbleoraunitofbubbleshasnotbeensetyet,butitcostsabouttwocentstocreateaunit,whichissignificantlycheaperthanplasticbottles.Oohoisinitiallytargetinglargeoutdoorevents,suchasmarathons,musicfestival,andsportingevents,wheretonsofplasticbottlesareused,oronlypartiallyused,andfrequentlyleftbehindaslitter.IthasalreadyappearedateventsinLondon,SanFrancisco,Boston,atconferences,festivals,andsoon.Oohoiscatchingmanypeople’sattentionandhasraisedover$1millionandgained1,000investorsinonlythreedays.Itisquicklymakingarise,sokeepaneyeoutthisyearforthesebottlesofthefuture.53.TheauthorusesParagraph1mainlyto_____.A.warnpeopleoftheshortageofoilforcarsB.presenttheproblemsofdisposableplasticbottlesC.introducetheapplicationofdisposableplasticbottlesD.appealtopeopletosavewaterforourfuturegeneration54.paredtodisposableplasticbottles,theadvantageofOoholiesinthat______.A.itcanbeeasilytransported B.itisenvironmentallyfriendlyC.ithasafavorableappearance D.itkeepswaterfreshforfourtosixweeks55.WhatcanweknowaboutOohofromthepassage"A.Ithastobeshippedinwettrucks.B.Itsmembraneismadefromtheskinsoffruits.C.Itwouldbesoldatalowerpricethandisposableplasticbottles.D.Ithastakentheplaceofdisposableplasticbottlesatconferences.CProcrastinators(拖延癥患者)，takenote:Ifyou’vetriedbuildingself-controlandyou’restillputtingthingsoff,maybeyouneedtotrysomethingdifferent.Onenewapproach:Checkyourmood.Often,procrastinatorsattempttoavoidtheanxietyorworryarousedbyatoughtaskwithactivitiesaimedatrepairingtheirmood,suchascheckingFacebookortakinganap.Butthepattern,whichresearcherscall"givingintofeelgood,〞makesprocrastinatorsfeelworselater,whentheyfacetheconsequencesofmissingadeadlineormakingalast-minuteeffort,saysTimothyPychyl(rhymeswithMitchell),anassociateprofessorofpsychologyatCarletonUniversity.Increasingly,psychologistsandtime-managementconsultantsarefocusingonanewstrategy:helpingprocrastinatorsseehowattemptsatmoodrepairaredestroyingtheireffortsandlearntocontroltheiremotionsinmoreproductiveways.Thenewapproachisbasedonseveralstudiesinthepasttwoyearsshowingthatnegativeemotionscandamageattemptsatself-control.Itfillsagapamongestablishedtime-managementmethods,whichstressbehavioralchangessuchasadoptinganeworganizingsystemordoingexercisestobuildwillpower.Researchershaveeupwithaplaybookofstrategiestohelpprocrastinatorsturnmoodrepairtotheiradvantage.Somearetried-and-trueclassics:Dr.Pychyladvisesprocrastinatorstojustgetstarted,andmakethedoorstepforgettingstartedquitelow."Procrastinatorsaremorelikelytoputthetechniquetousewhentheyunderstandhowmoodrepairworks,〞saysDr.Pychyl,authorofa2013book，"SolvingtheProcrastinationPuzzle.〞Headds，"Arealmotivepoweresfromdoingwhatweintendtodo—thethingsthatareimportanttous.〞Healsoadvisesprocrastinatorstopractice"timetravel〞—projectingthemselvesintothefuturetoimaginethegoodfeelingstheywillhaveafterfinishingatask,orthebadonestheywillhaveiftheydon’t.Thiscuresprocrastinators’tendencytogetsostuckinpresentanxietiesandworriesthattheyfailtothinkaboutthefuture.Anothermood-repairstrategy,self-forgiveness,isaimedatdismissingtheself-blame.Universityfreshmenwhoforgavethemselvesforprocrastinatingonstudyingforthefirstexaminacourseprocrastinatedlessonthenextexam,accordingtoarecentstudyledbyMichaelWohl,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyatCarleton.ThomasFlintlearnedaboutthetechniquebyreadingresearchonself-control,includingstudiesbyDr.SiroisandDr.Pychyl.Heputittouseafterhisfamilymovedrecentlytoanewhouse.Insteadofbeatinghimselfupforfailingtounpackalltheboxesgatheredinhisgaragerightaway,Mr.Flintdecidedtoforgivehimselfandstartwithasinglestep.Tdsay,"OK,Tmgoingtotakeanhour,withagoalofgettingtheTVsetup,andthat'sit,,Jhesays;thenhewatchedaTVshowasareward.Allowinghimselftodothetaskinstages,hesays,is"avictory.〞56.WhatdoesTimothyPychylmeanbymentioningthe"givingintofeelgood〞practiceinParagraph2"A.Itprobablydoesmoreharmthangood. B.Itpreventsprocrastinatorsfromgivingup.C.Ithelpsprocrastinatorsmeetthedeadline. D.Iteffectivelydrivesawayanxietyandworry.57.WheredoesarealmotivepowerefromaccordingtoDr.Pychyl"A.Stickingtoone’sintention.B.Doingthingsthatreallymatter.C.Gettingstartedfromalowdoorstep.D.Learningimportanttechniquesofmoodrepair.58.Whatisthepurposeofthepractice"timetravel〞"A.Tomaketheirfutureplanmorepractical.B.Toacceleratethespeedoffinishingthetask.C.Tostoppeoplefromworryingabouttheirtravel.D.Tofreepeoplefromthepresentnegativeemotions.59.WhatcanbeinferredfromMichaelWohlstudy"A.Self-blamepreventsstudentsfromputtingthingsoff.B.Procrastinatorsarestillabletogetgoodscoresinexams.C.Universityfreshmencangetridofprocrastinationeasily.D.Self-forgivenessisaneffectivewaytocureprocrastination.DPreschools—educationalprogramsforchildrenundertheageoffive—differsignificantlyfromonecountrytoanotheraccordingtotheviewsthatdifferentsocietiesholdregardingthepurposeofearlychildhoodeducation.Forinstance,inacross-countryparisonofpreschoolsinChina,Japan,andtheUnitedStates,researchersfoundthatparentsinthethreecountriesviewthepurposeofpreschoolsverydifferently.WhereasparentsinChinatendtoseepreschoolsprimarilyasawayofgivingchildrenagoodstartacademically,Japaneseparentsviewthemprimarilyasawayofgivingchildrentheopportunitytobemembersofagroup.IntheUnitedStates,inparison,parentsregardtheprimarypurposeofpreschoolsasmakingchildrenmoreindependentandself-reliant,althoughobtainingagoodacademicstartandhavinggroupexperiencearealsoimportant.Whilemanyprogramsdesignedforpreschoolersfocusprimarilyonsocialandemotionalfactors,someareadaptedmainlytowardpromotingcognitive(認(rèn)知的〕gainsandpreparingpreschoolersfortheformalinstructiontheywillexperiencewhentheystartschool.IntheUnitedStates,thebest-knownprogramdesignedtopromotefutureacademicsuccessisHeadStart.Establishedinthe1960swhentheUnitedStatesdeclaredtheWaronPoverty,theprogramhasservedover13millionchildrenandtheirfamilies.Theprogram,whichstressesparentalinvolvement,wasdesignedtoservethe"wholechild〞，includingchildren’sphysicalhealth,self-confidence,socialresponsibility,andsocialandemotionaldevelopment.WhetherHeadStartisseenassuccessfulornotdependsontheanglesthroughwhichoneislookingat.If,forinstance,theprogramisexpectedtoprovidelong-termincreasesinIQscores,itisadisappointment.AlthoughgraduatesofHeadStartprogramstendtoshowimmediateIQgains,theseincreasesdonotlast.Ontheotherhand,itisclearthatHeadStartismeetingitsgoalofgettingpreschoolersreadyforschool.PreschoolerswhoparticipateinHeadStartarebetterpreparedforfutureschoolingthanthosewhodonot.Furthermore,graduatesofHeadStartprogramshavebetterfutureschoolgrade.Finally,someresearchsuggeststhatultimatelyHeadStartgraduatesshowhigheracademicperformanceattheendofhighschool.Themostrecentprehensiveevaluationofearlyintervention programssuggeststhat,takenasagroup,preschoolprogramscanprovidesignificantbenefits,andthatgovernmentfundsinvestedearlyinlifemayultimatelyleadtoareductioninfuturecosts.Forinstance,paredwithchildrenwhodidnotparticipateinearlyinterventionprograms,participantsinvariousprogramsshowedgainsinemotionalorcognitivedevelopment,bettereducationaloutes,increasedeconomicself-sufficiency(自給自足)，reducedlevelsofcriminalactivity,andimprovedhealth-relatedbehaviors.Ofcourse,noteveryprogramproducedallthesebenefits,andnoteverychildbenefitedtothesameextent.Furthermore,someresearchersarguethatless-expensiveprogramsarejustasgoodasrelativelyexpensiveones,suchasHeadStart.Still,theresultsoftheevaluationwerepromising,suggestingthatthepotentialbenefitsofearlyinterventioncanbesignificant.Noteveryoneagreesthatprogramsthatseektostrengthenacademicskillsduringthepreschoolyearsareagoodthing.Infact,accordingtodevelopmentalpsychologistDavidElkind,UnitedStatessocietytendstopushchildrensorapidlythattheybegintofeelstressandpressureatayoungage.Elkindarguesthatacademicsuccessislargelydependentuponfactorsoutofparents’control,suchasinherited(tiesandachild’srateofmaturation.Consequently，childrenofaparticularagecannotbeexpectedtomastereducationalmaterialwithouttakingintoaccounttheircurrentlevelofcognitivedevelopment.Inshort,childrenrequiredevelopmentappropriateeducationalpractice,whichiseducationbasedonbothtypicaldevelopmentandtheuniquecharacteristicsofagivenchild.60ParentsinJapansendtheirchildrentopreschoolsinthehopeof______.A.helpingchildrengaingroupexperience B.givingchildrenagoodacademicstartC.expandtheiremotionaldevelopment D.pushingchildrentobeindependent61.WhatcanwelearnaboutHeadStartfromParagraph2"A.Itdiscouragesparentalinvolvement.B.Itaimstohelppoorbutgiftedchildren.C.Itfocusesonchildren’sacademicperformance.D.Ithelpschildrendevelopinanall-roundway.62.Whatdoesthesentence"itisadisappointment〞inParagraph3mean"A.Theprogrampaystoomuchattentionongrades.B.Theprogramfailstoincreasechildren'sIQsteadily.C.Theprogramcan'treducelevelsofcriminalactivities.D.Theprogramignorestheimportanceofchildren'sinterests.63.WhatcanwelearnaboutthebenefitsofearlyinterventionprogramsfromParagraph4"A.Noteveryprogramcanprovidebenefits.B.Childrenbenefitmorefromprogramstheyfindfun.C.Benefitsgainedfromtheprogramsvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Expensiveprogramsprovidemorebenefitsthanlessexpensiveones.64.WhichofthefollowingmayDavidElkindagreewith"A.Nopains,nogains. B.Betteruntaughtthanill-taught.C.Hastemakeswaste. D.AllworkandnoplaymakeJackadullboy.65.What’stheauthor'sattitudetowardpre-schooleducationalprograms"A.Objective. B.Contradictory.C.Negative. D.Doubtful.第II卷(非選擇題，共40分)第四局部：詞匯檢測(共5小題；每題1分，總分值5分)請認(rèn)真閱讀以下各個小題，并根據(jù)上下文語境和所給首字母的提示，寫出以下各句空格中的單詞，注意保持語義和形式的一致。請將答案的完整形式寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。66.—Itisamazingthatyourbrotherhasrealizedhisdreamwhichseemsimpossible.—Yeah,nomanknowswhatp___▲____hehastillhehastriedveryhardtobegood.76.—Whowontheelectionformayor"—Amanc___▲______torepresenteveryminoritygroupinthecity.68.—CanImakeana___▲___withMr.Smiththisafternoon"—Sorry,Tmafraidheisnotavailablebecausehewillhaveameetingtoattend.69.—What’syourplanforThanksgiving,Toddy"—Oh,itisat___▲___inmyfamilytogotomygrandpa’shouseandhaveabigdinnerthere.—Whydidyoursisterleavethebigpany"—Shewasinherpositionforfiveyearsandwasalwayso__▲___forpromotion.第五局部：任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題；每題1分，總分值10分)請認(rèn)真閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)所讀容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個空格只填1個單詞，請將答案寫在答題卷上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。Generally,laughterisrelatedtoanumberofbeneficialeffects.Amonghumans,laughterisoftenexpressedinbabiesasearlyas4monthsold.Atthistime,itusuallyoccursinresponsetothebehaviorofthecaregiver.Asthechildgrowsolder,thechildbeginstobejoinedinbehaviors,whichareintendedtoraiselaughterinothers.Ifsbelievedthatthepurposeofthisdevelopmentprocessistoestablishsocialrelationshipsinadditiontogainingfeedbackastowhattypesofbehaviorshouldbestrengthenedordiscouraged.Indeed,mostlaughteroccurswhenweareactuallyinsocialsituations.Asidefrompromotingsocialbonding,researchhasfoundthatsociallaughinghasalsohelpedpeoplephysically.Forexample,itactivatesthereleaseofendogenousopiates,chemicalswhichcanreducefeelingsofpainandhavearelaxingeffect,decreasetheproductionofstresshormones(激素〕andmakethelungworkbetter.Additionally,laughterhaspsychologicalbenefits.Itreducesstress,anxiety,tension,embarrassment,worry,frustrationandanger.Ifsgoodforindividualslikenurses,firefightersandsoldiersbecausetheirworkrequiresthemtodealwithterribleeventsorinjuries.Whatmakesuslaugh"Usually,thecauseissomethingsillyornegative(e.g.watchingpuppiesplay,violatingarule).It’salsomonforpeopletofindhumorintragedies;inthisrespect,laughterservesasacopingmechanismSomepeoplelikeprofessionalediansintentionallysetthemselvesuptothetargetoflaughter.However,whenlaughterisdirectedatothers,it'simportantthatthegeneratedlaughterisnotaggressive.Sometimespeoplelaughforthepurposeoflaughingatanotherormakinganotherfeelashamedorstupid.Insuchinstances,thelaughterisn’tperformedin"goodfun〞，butatthecostofanindividualwhowillbehurtbyit.Intheseinstances,the"laugher’s〞behaviorisharmful.Somepeopleareparticularlysensitiveandhaveafearofbeinglaughedatormadetoappearsilly.Thisfearhasbeenidentifiedasgelotophobia(恐笑癥).Althoughitisn’talwayspleasanttobetheobjectofthejoke,theeffectthishasonpeoplerangesacrossindividuals.Forthosewhoarehighlygelotophobic,theirconcernabouttheirperformanceinpublicmayresultinanxiety,shame,avoidanceofsocialsituationsandlowself-respect.Sohowdoyouknowwhetherlaughterinacertainsituationwillproduceapositiveornegativeresult"Onefactortobearinmindistoknowhowthetargetoflaughterwillfeel.Finally,verylittlegoodesfromintentio