人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)Unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解

11111Unit1Grammar〔ModalVerbs〕should用以表達(dá)職責(zé)和義務(wù)、提出勸告，而且表述的是自己的主觀(guān)看法。1.should句式構(gòu)造例句確定句主語(yǔ)+should+doTheyshouldeatabalaceddiet.他們應(yīng)當(dāng)平衡飲食。否認(rèn)句主語(yǔ)+shouldnot+doTheyshouldn’teattoomuch.他們不該吃得太多。一般疑問(wèn)句---Should一般疑問(wèn)句---Should+do+…---It’stoocold.ShouldIclosethewindow---yes,主語(yǔ)+should.太冷了，我該關(guān)上窗戶(hù)嗎---No,主語(yǔ)+shouldn’t.---Yes,you ./No,you .是的，你應(yīng)當(dāng)。/不，你不應(yīng)當(dāng)。22222用法用法例句表示勸告、建議You answerthequestioninEnglish.你應(yīng)當(dāng)用英語(yǔ)答復(fù)這個(gè)問(wèn)題。表示推想They beathomenow,Ithink.我認(rèn)為，他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)當(dāng)在家。表示驚異、贊美、不滿(mǎn)等How Iknowit留意：shouldwh，wh，how喜或在說(shuō)話(huà)人看來(lái)是不行思議的。二、其他表示建議的句型用法用法例句Shallwe/I+do+…Shallwe forawalk咱們?nèi)ラe逛好嗎What/Howabout+doing/sth…Whatabout swimming去游泳怎么樣Let’s+do…Let’s and 們吧。You’d/We’dbetter(not)+do…We waitalittlelonger.我們最好再稍等一會(huì)兒。Whydon’tyou+do…Whydon’tyou awalkoutside為什么不出去閑逛呢Whynot+do…Why awalkoutside33333為什么不出去閑逛呢為什么不出去閑逛呢表示反射或強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞叫做反身代詞。反身代詞是由第一人稱(chēng)、其次人稱(chēng)形容詞性物主代詞或第三人稱(chēng)代selvesoneoneself.1、反身代詞的分類(lèi)數(shù)人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)其次人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)myselfyourselfHimself,herself,itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselvesEroduce,dress,help,他在自學(xué)英語(yǔ)。Eroduce,dress,help,他在自學(xué)英語(yǔ)。lookafter,getdressed作賓語(yǔ)Weenjoyed lastnight.昨天晚上我們玩得很愉快。做介詞的賓語(yǔ)常用于in,on,with,of,after,byShelivesby inthe作賓語(yǔ)countryside.用法說(shuō)明例句作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)常用于enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,Heis teaching 44444她一個(gè)人生活在鄉(xiāng)下。她一個(gè)人生活在鄉(xiāng)下。做同位語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)作用、加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣Didyoumakethe cake這蛋糕是你親自做的嘛Mr.Black isalawyer.布萊克先生本人就是一名律師。做表語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)“自己”Justbe .做你自己就好了。Maryhasn’tquitebeen recently.瑪麗最近有些不對(duì)勁。單詞的用法SectionAWhat’sthematter該句常用詢(xún)問(wèn)某人患了何種疾病或遇到了什么麻煩，其后用with引出對(duì)象。What’sthematterwithsb.=what’swrongwithsb.=what’sthetrouble/problemwithsb.55555=what’sone’strouble/problem.What’sthematterwithTom=what’s withTom=What’sthe withTom=What’sTom’s matter,.Wehaveimportant (matter)todiscuss.我們有些重要的問(wèn)題要爭(zhēng)論。.Itdosen’t thatyoucamelate.Ihaveacold.我感冒了。1).have/get/catchacold“感冒，著涼”Theoldman acoldyesterday.那位老人昨天感冒了。2).“have+a/an+疾病名稱(chēng)”意為“得了….病”haveafever,haveacough,haveaheadache…Ihaveasoreback.我背痛?！癐haveasoresoreachesoresoresorefeet用于身體部位名詞前soreleg sorethroat66666acheache名詞，構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞headache;stomachacheliedownandandrest.1).lie的不同含義及詞性變化單詞單詞詞性詞義現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞lie動(dòng)詞躺；平躺lyinglayLainlie動(dòng)詞說(shuō)謊lyingliedLiedlie名詞謊話(huà)無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)Katy (lie)onthebedandreadtheletterlastnight.凱蒂昨晚躺在床上看書(shū)。He (lie)tomeabouttheresult.對(duì)于結(jié)果他對(duì)我說(shuō)了謊。2).restMayhimrestinpeace.have/takearest休息，放松=restYouneedtotakebreaksawayfromthecomputer.takebreaks=take/haveabreak休息Weare abreakunderthetree.我們正在樹(shù)下休息。Yeah，IthinkIsatinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.是的，我想我以同樣的姿勢(shì)一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地坐太久了。1).Inthesameway:以同樣的方式，以一樣的方式Sheworkedoutthemathprobleminthesameway.777772).withoutYoucan’tbuythings money!你沒(méi)有錢(qián)就買(mǎi)不了東西。Heleftwithout anything.他什么都沒(méi)有說(shuō)就離開(kāi)了?！璚henthedriversawanoldmanlyingonthesideogtheroad.這時(shí)，司機(jī)看到路邊躺著一位老人。see/watch/notice/hear sth. 強(qiáng)調(diào)看到/聽(tīng)到的動(dòng)作的正在進(jìn)展see/watch/notice/hear sth. 強(qiáng)調(diào)看到/聽(tīng)到的動(dòng)作的完整性.Ioften him inthegardenlastmonth.上個(gè)月，我總是看到他在花園里干活。(強(qiáng)調(diào)全過(guò)程)I him inthegardenwhenIpassedbyyersterday.昨天我觀(guān)看他正在花園里干活。(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)展)Heexpectedmostorallthepassengerstogetoffandwaitforthenextbus.1).expect/代詞“期盼；預(yù)料”Iam aphonecallfromher.我正在等她的。2).expecttodosth.Sheexpectstogotherenextweek.她期望下周去那里。3).expectsb.todosth. Heexpectedhertogowithhim.4).expect+that從句 Iexpectthathe’llcomebacktomorrow.Buttomysurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.88888toone’ssurprise my (surprise),herefusedtocooperatewithus.讓我驚異的是，他拒絕與我們合作。agree“同意”agreetodosth.“同意做某事”agreewithsb.agreeonsth.“就某事達(dá)成全都”.Mymotheragreed (buy)meanewpen.Ientirelyagree you.Weagree thequestion.thanksto/thanksforthankstothanksto“多虧，由于”，todoingthanksfor“因…而感謝”，for后接感謝的緣由，常為名doingThanks you,Iamnotlost.幸虧你我才沒(méi)有迷路。Thanks sendingmesuchanicegift.感謝你寄給我這么好的一個(gè)禮物。getintotrouble“造成麻煩〔或苦惱〕;陷入逆境”troublebeintrouble“再麻煩和逆境中”. Lisa troublewhensheclimedthemountain.99999Letushelpthepeoplewhoare .Didyoufalldownfall---fell---fallenfalldownfalldownfrom接賓語(yǔ)，falldownfrom，表示“從…摔下”falloff“跌落”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“從某處跌落，摔下來(lái)”=falldownfrom.Thedog downdead.那條狗倒下去死了。Theboy thetreeandbrokehislegs.Thegirl

thebike.SectionBSomeonefeltsick.Sick;生病的，惡心的。illsickillsicksick既可以作定語(yǔ)，也可以用作表語(yǔ)。表語(yǔ)時(shí)“惡心的”ill既可以作定語(yǔ)，也可以用作表語(yǔ)。作定語(yǔ)時(shí)：表示“品質(zhì)惡劣的”.EverytimeIgetonaboat,Ifeel .Heisan student,becausehesmokesanddrinks.Ihavetolookaftermy sisterhomeathometoday.1010101010Someonegothitonthehead.有人頭部受到了撞擊。1).gethit為系表構(gòu)造：gethit+on/in+the+身體部位的名詞，表示“某身體部位受到了撞擊”.Thepoliceofficer ontheshoulder.這位警官的肩膀受到了撞擊。2).hit,“hitsb.on/intheThebullethithimontheback.子彈擊中了他的后背。3).hit.Thesongwasahitatonce.haveproblemsbreathingbreathe,a.動(dòng)詞“呼吸”.Hewasbreathinghardwhenhefinishedtherace.b.名詞，breath，沒(méi)有“e”takeadeepbreath深呼吸；holdone’sbreathhaveproblems(in)doingsth.“做某事有困難或麻煩”. Ihave English.我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)有困難。beusedtodoing/beusedtodo/usedtodobeusedtodoingbeusedtodoing，to/doingbeusedtodo意為“被用來(lái)做…”to+dousedtodo，to+do. Iam to upearly.我習(xí)慣早起。Apenis to .鋼筆是用來(lái)寫(xiě)字的。1111111111He to booksforanhoureveryday.他過(guò)去常常每天讀一個(gè)小時(shí)的書(shū)。find1).find賓語(yǔ)adj. Wefoundhimdishonest.我們覺(jué)察他不懇切。2).find賓語(yǔ)doing Wefoundhim others’homework.我們覺(jué)察他在抄別人作業(yè)。3).find賓語(yǔ)副詞和介詞短語(yǔ)Iamsogladtofindyou .我很愉快覺(jué)察你在家。Ifoundtheclothes style.我覺(jué)察這些衣服過(guò)時(shí)了。runout/runoutof用完，耗盡runoutrunout“動(dòng)詞+副詞”構(gòu)造。相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞，后面不接賓語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)通常是“事物”時(shí)間，金錢(qián)等runoutofOurmoneyis out.我們的錢(qián)快用光了。Wearerunningout money.我們的錢(qián)快用光了。that/so…thatsothatsothat”=inorderthat,can,could,may,might,will,would,shouldso….thatenoughtodotoo…todo…進(jìn)展同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。.Theygotupearly theycouldcatchtheearlybus.Sayslowy Icanfollowyou.Tomran fast Icouldn’tcatchupwithhim.1212121212=Tomran fast catchupwith.so…that1).so+adj./adv.+that2).so+adj.+(+a/an)+n.+that3).so+many/much/few/little+.Theceilingissohighthatwecouldn’treach.Hissonissotallamanthathealmostreachestheceiling.他兒子那么高，幾乎夠到天花板了。Katehadsomanyfallsthatshewasblackandblueallover.凱特跌倒了好屢次，摔得身體青一款紫一塊。giveup放棄“動(dòng)詞+副詞”代詞做賓語(yǔ)，代詞放中間。giveit/them/him/her…upgiveupdoing it’sgoodforyoutogiveup .戒煙對(duì)你有好處。Ihurtmyselfplayingsoccer.playingsoccer現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。其規(guī)律主語(yǔ)為句子的主語(yǔ)。.Istayeduplateyesterday, foratest.昨天我為測(cè)驗(yàn)熬夜學(xué)習(xí)到很晚。13131313131414141414重點(diǎn)精準(zhǔn)檢測(cè)一、單項(xiàng)選擇?！病?.Thepearistoobigforme.Letme apartforyou.A.cutdown B.cutoff Ccutup D.cutin〔〕2.Graceboughtalotofnewclothesand allhermoney.A.runout B.runoutof C.ranof D.ranoutof〔〕3.Yourtemperatureis39°C.Maybeyou .A.haveacold B.haveaheadache C.haveafever D.haveasoreback〔〕4.—Didyoucatchyourplane—Yes.Wegottherejust .A.onthetime B.attimes C.intime D.inthetime〔〕5.Suecametothesmalltownfiveyearsagoandshe herenow.A.isusedtolive B.isusedtolivingC.usedtoliving D.usedtolive〔〕6.To surprise,thefive-year-oldboycansingsomanyEnglishsongs.A.my B.me C.I D.mine〔〕7.Emmalikesdancingandshekeepson everyday.A.dancing B.dances C.dance D.todance〔〕8.—Whathappened youyesterday—Ihurtmyselfin.class.1515151515A.to B.on C.at D.with〔〕9.Jimisalwayssobusy hehaslittletimeforhisfamily.A.if B.until C.that D.when〔〕10.—Hi,John, —Mydog’slegishurt.A.Howareyou B.What’sthematterC.Who’sthat D.What’sLucylike二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Look!Adogis 〔lie〕bythesideoftheroad.Thelittlegirlusuallyfinishesherhomeworkby

〔her〕antidoesn’tneedothers”help.WhenIcameintothelibrary,Isawhim

〔read〕abookthere.Mr.Greenagreed 〔help〕mewithmymath.Youarclateforschoolagain.Ithinkyoushould

〔get〕upearlytomorrow.Whatdoeshemean 〔do〕Didyoumakea 〔decide〕tostudymedicineMr.Liputsomany

〔knife〕intohisbag.Mydreamistobea 〔climb〕oneday.Thelittledog”s 〔die〕mademeverysad.三、依據(jù)首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示完成以下句中所缺的單詞。Susantookhertemperatureandfoundshehadahighf .Ihaveat andIcan’teatanything.Youlooksotired,soyouneedtohavear .Tonyusuallyplaysgameswithhisclassmatesduringtheb betweentwoclasses.1616161616Ihaveas throatsoIcan’tsayaword.Weusuallywalkwithour

〔腳〕andseewithoureyes.I’mfeelingterrible.Ihavea 〔胃痛〕.Theriveristoodeep,butTomandTonytake

〔冒險(xiǎn)〕ofswimmingthere.Alexgothurtinthecaraccidentandlostmuch 〔血〕.Kate’smotherworksinahospital.She’sa 〕.四、依據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成以下句子。1.他下了火車(chē)，然后就回家了。He thetrainandthenwenthome.2.多虧了那位老人，我們找到了回家的路。 theoldman,wefoundourwayhome.3.請(qǐng)記住當(dāng)你生氣的時(shí)候，不要做打算。Pleaseremembernotto whenyouareangry.4.為了能趕上火車(chē)，我六點(diǎn)鐘就動(dòng)身了。Ileftatsix Icouldcatchthetrain.5.為了成功你不得不去冒險(xiǎn)。Youhaveto inordercatchtosucceed.五、用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空〔有兩個(gè)多余。knifbreadecidadvistroublrishighhurlidiffereseemcoughekeeektentJohnlikestodosportverymuch.Hisfavoritesportismountainclimbing.Lastspring,hemadeabig1. —toclimbMou