大外(3)翻譯技巧：詞義的選擇

I.ReviewandpracticeII.TheintroductionoftranslationtechniquesIII.TheselectionofwordmeaningIV.SummaryV.HomeworkTeachingProceduresI.ReviewandhomeworkcheckingWhatisliteraltranslation?Whatisfreetranslation?I.Reviewandhomeworkchecking

Shewasbornwithasilverspooninhermouth.

她生于豪門。2.Wecannotestimatethevalueofmodernsciencetoomuch.

對現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的價值怎么重視也不過分。/我們一定要重視現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的價值。3.Beautyisonlyskindeep.

美麗不過是一張皮。4.Abrewer’swifemaydrinkofatun.

近水樓臺先得月。/釀酒人的妻子不愁酒沒酒喝。5.Hehadonefootinthegrave.

他已是風(fēng)燭殘年。6.Hewasonlyacockofthedunghill.

他只是井底之蛙。7.Aburnedchilddreadsthefire.

一朝經(jīng)蛇咬，十年怕警繩。8.Ratsdesertafallinghouse.

樹倒猴孫散。II.IntroductiontothetechniquesoftranslationHowtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsTechniquesoftranslationrefertotheexperiencethatpeoplehaveaccumulatedintheirpracticeoftranslation.Theyincludelotsofskillsintranslation,suchasselectionofwordmeaning,extensionofwordmeaning,conversionofpartsofspeechesandsentencestructures,longsentencetranslation,paragraphandpassagetranslation,translationofarticlesofdifferentkindsofstyles,etc.Howtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsIII.SelectionofWordMeanings

a.Selectwordmeaningsaccordingtopartsofspeeches.

1.Microprocessorsmonitortyrewearandbrakepoweroncars.

2.Thepatientwasconnectedtoatelevisionwavemonitor.3.Helikesmakingchemicalexperiments.微機檢測汽車輪胎的耐用性和制動力。病人情況通過波形監(jiān)視器監(jiān)視。他喜歡做化學(xué)實驗。Howtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsIII.SelectionofWordMeanings

4.Likechargesrepeleachother,unlikechargesattract.5.Likethehumanbrain,acomputeralsohasamemorywhereitcanstorevastquantitiesofinformation.6.IhopeIcanoperatethemachinelikeyoudo

7.Allmatterssuchasiron,water,air,andthelikearemadeupofatoms.8.Likeenough,theshipwillarriveinport.

同性電荷相斥，異性電荷相吸。計算機像人腦一樣，也有一個能儲存大量信息的存儲器我希望能像你一樣操縱機器。一切物質(zhì)，例如鐵、水、空氣等，都是由原子構(gòu)成的。這艘船很可能明天進(jìn)港。Howtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsIII.SelectionofWordMeanings

b.Selectwordmeaningsaccordingtothecontext.

1.Thecountry’sindustryhasdevelopedquicklyinthelastdecade.

2.Todeveloptheinstrument,manyexpertswereinvited.3.Indevelopingthedesign,theengineermustapplyhisknowledgeofengineeringandmaterialscience.4.Inordertodevelopourpowerindustry,wemustproducemoreandporepowerfulgenerators.過去10年我國工業(yè)發(fā)展迅猛。為了研制這種儀器請了很多專家。在進(jìn)行設(shè)計時工程師必須運用工程學(xué)和材料學(xué)方面的知識。為了發(fā)展我國的電力工業(yè)，我們必須生產(chǎn)越來越多的大功率發(fā)電機Howtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsIII.SelectionofWordMeanings

5.Instrumentscapableofmeasuringmostkindsoferrorautomaticallyandmethodsoffeedingtheinformationbacktothemachines’controlshavebeendeveloped.6.Heisthelastmantocome.7.Heisthelastmantodoit.8.Heisthelastpersonforsuchajob.9.Heshouldbethelast(man)toblame.10.Heisthelastmantoconsult.11.ThisisthelastplacewhereIexpectedtomeetyou.

能自動測量多種誤差的儀器，以及把信息反饋給機器控制機構(gòu)的方法已經(jīng)研制出來了。他是最后來的。他決不會干這種事。他最不配干這工作。怎么也不該怪他。根本不宜與他商量。我怎么也沒料到會在這個地方見到你。Howtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsIII.SelectionofWordMeanings

c.Selectwordmeaningsaccordingtospeciality.

1.Powercanbetransmittedoveralongdistance.2.Chinawillnotbethefirsttousenuclearweaponsalthoughconsideredoneofthenuclearpowers.

3.16isthefourpowerof2.(27isthethirdpowerof3.)

4.Whatisthepoweroftheengine?

電力可以遠(yuǎn)距離輸送。盡管中國是核大國，但中國決不會首先使用核武器。16是2的4次方。（27是3的3次冪。）這臺電機的功率是多少？Howtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsIII.SelectionofWordMeanings

d.Selectwordmeaningsaccordingtocollocation.

1.highbeam2.highbrass3.highcurrent4.highexplosive5.highgear6.highseas7.highsummer8.highsteel遠(yuǎn)距離光束優(yōu)質(zhì)黃銅強電流烈性炸藥高速齒輪公海盛夏硬鋼Howtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsIII.SelectionofWordMeanings

9.Totakeoffherbootsortoputthemonwasanagonytoher,butithadbeenanagonyforyears.10.Healwayssitsontheveryedgeofhischairwhenheisworking,asthoughabouttotakeoff.

11.Everymaterialtakesupspace.

12.Theelectroniccomputersaretakingoversomeofthetasksthatwereonceaccomplishedbyourownbrains,buttheyarenotreplacingus.

脫鞋或穿鞋對她是一種痛苦，但這已是多年以來的痛苦了。他工作時總是坐在椅子邊上，好象隨時都會跳起來的樣子。一切物質(zhì)都占有空間。計算機正在接替原來由人腦進(jìn)行的某些工作，但是它們不能代替人。Howtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsIII.SelectionofWordMeanings

ChristmasLostandFound

ByMcCallShirleyBarksdale作者簡介:麥考爾.雪莉.巴克斯代爾(McCallShirleyBarksdale)美國當(dāng)代著名小說家,著有大量短篇小說。Howtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsIII.SelectionofWordMeanings

ChristmaswasaquiteaffairwhenIwasgrowingup./Therewerejustmyparentsandme./IvowedthatsomedayI’dmarryandhavesixchildren,andatChristmasmyhousewouldvibratewithenergyandlifeandlove.Howtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsIII.SelectionofWordMeanings

Ifoundthemanwhosharedmydream,butwehadnotreckonedonthepossibilityofinfertility(beingunabletoproducebabies)./Undaunted(notdiscouraged),weappliedforadoptionand,withinayear,hearrived.Howtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsIII.SelectionofWordMeanings

WecalledhimourChristmasBoybecausehecametousduringthatseasonofjoy,whenhewasjustsixdaysold./Thennaturesurprisedusagain./Inrapidsuccessionweaddedtwobiologicalchildrentothefamily---notasmanyaswehadhopedfor,butcomparedwithmyquietchildhood,threemadeanentirelysatisfactorycrowd.Howtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsIII.SelectionofWordMeanings

AsourChristmasBoygrew,hemadeitclearthatonlyhehadtheexpertise(specialskillandknowledge本事)toselectanddecoratetheChristmastreeeachyear./Herushedtheseason(為圣誕節(jié)忙活),startinghisgiftlistbeforewe’devenfinishedtheThanksgivingturkeyHowtoachieve

ReasonsforfailureCharacteristicsIII.SelectionofWordMeanings

Hepressed（要求）usintosingingcarols,ourfrog-like(沙啞的)voicescontrastingwithhismusicalgiftofperfectpitch./Eachholidayhe