翻譯練習5及參考譯文

1994年至今，我8.27水平左右。由于近幾年來我國18.28元一交易日收盤價基礎上，人民幣匯率每天波幅在0.3%以內(nèi)。ReformofRMBExchangeThereformofRMBexchangeratehasheldthelimelightinthelastcoupleofyearsbothinChinaandglobally.Since1994,majorreformshavebeencarriedoutonChina’sforeignexchangemanagementsystem.Followingtheimplementationofconvertibilityundercurrentaccounts,anominallymanagedfloatingexchangerateregimehasbeenputintoplace,withtheRMBexchangerateconstantlykeptatabout8.27foryears.Thankstothesustainedrapideconomicgrowthinrecentyears,China’stradesurplushasbeenincreasingandtheforeignexchangereservehasbeengrowingbyleapsandbounds.Peoplehavecometorealizethatitisnecessarytoadoptamoreflexibleregulatorymechanism.OnJuly21,thecentralbankannouncedtheimplementationofamanagedfloatingexchangerateregimebasedonmarketsupplyanddemandandinreferencetoabasketofcurrencies,whichincludesthefollowingthreemajorcontents:First,theexchangerateofRMBagainstUSdollarsisadjustedfrom8.28to8.11,anincreaseof2%.Second,RMBisnolongerpeggedtoUSdollars,andtheexchangerateisdeterminedinreferencetoabasketofcurrencies.Third,basedontheclosingpriceofthepreviousworkingday,theRMBexchangerateisallowedtofloatwithinabandof0.3%.OnAugust9,thecentralbankannouncedthereformofinter-bankforeignexchangemarket,giving“greenlight”tonon-bankfinancialinstitutionsandnon-financialenterprisestoenterintothismarket.Meanwhileforthefirsttimeamoremarket-orientedquotingsystemisintroducedtotheforeignexchangemarket,andforwardforeignexchangetransactionandswaptransactionareallowedinthismarket.Theseindicatethatthecentralbankisdevotedtopushforwardamarket-orientedofRMBexchangeratestepbystep.參考譯 中譯TheReformofRMBExchangeRateOverthepasttwoyears,China’sreformofRMBexchangeratehasbeenattractingwidespreadattentionbothathomeandabroad.Since1994tillpresenttime,Chinahasundergonedramatictransformationsinforeignexchangemanagementsystem.Withitsestablishmentofconvertibilityforcurrentaccount,Chinahadforyearskeptanominalmanagedfloatingexchangerateregime,keepingitscurrencypeggedaround8.27tothedollar.Inrecentyears,however,Chinahasmaintainedarapidandsustainabledevelopmentofitseconomy,therebyregisteringasteadyriseintradesurplusandaconsiderableincreaseinforeignexchangereserves.Asaresult,peoplearebecomingincreasinglyawareoftheneedtoadoptamoreflexiblemechanismforthecontrolofRMBexchangerate.OnJuly21,thePeople’sBankofChina(PBOC)announceditsadoptionofamanagedfloatingexchangerateregimebasedonmarketconditionwithreferencetoabasketofcurrencies.ThePBOCreformprogramconsistsofthreeaspects:1)changingtheofficialUSD/RMBexchangerateto8.11from8.28a2%strengtheningoftheRMBagainstthedollar;2)scrappingtheyuanpegagainsttheUSdollar,anddeterminingtheRMBratebyreferringtoabasketofcurrencies;3)allowingtheRMBratetofluctuateina0.3%bandbasedonthepreviousday'sclosingexchangeOnAugust9,PBOCannouncedareformintheinter-bankforeignexchangemarket,givingthegreenlighttonon-bankfinancialinstitutionsandnon-financialenterprisesfortheirentranceintothemarket.Meanwhile,theinitiationofamarket-based“enquirytransaction”allowsforthefirsttimedealingsinforwardexchangetransactionandswaptransactioninthemarket.AllofthissuggeststhatPBOCisnowmakingconstanteffortsinpushingforwardthemarketizationoftheRMBexchangerate.（陳小全專家點 中譯account外貿(mào)順差（tradesurplus、外匯儲備（foreignexchangereserves、一籃子貨幣（abasketofcurrenciestransactiontransaction行間外匯市場（theinter-bankforeignexchangemarket）以及有管理的浮動匯率制度（a掉期交易（swaptransaction）是指交易雙方約定在未來某一時期相互交換某種資產(chǎn)的交易形價經(jīng)濟價值的現(xiàn)金流（cashflow〕的交易。較為常見的是貨幣掉期交易和利率掉期交易。貨Aswaptransactionisthecombinationofacashtransactionandaforwardtransactioninoppositedirectionscarriedoutwiththesamecounter-party.Therearetwotypesoftransactionpossible:Acashpurchaseofacurrencylinkedwithaforwardsaleofthesamecurrencyagainstanother.Acashsaleofacurrencylinkedtoaforwardpurchaseofthesamecurrencyagainstanother.Theswappointsadded(premium)ordeducted(discount)tothecashexchangerateofthefirstpartofthetransaction,representtheinterestdifferentialoveraspecifiedperiod(duedateoftheswap)ofthetwocurrenciesinvolved.RMBexchange，thecompleteforeignexchangeforregularprograms，F(xiàn)orwardDealandSwapDeal，distantdealingandswapdealing，long-termforeignexchangeandswap，apackageofcurrencies，fullconvertibilityundertheregularaccount，fullconvertibilityundercurrentitemsCambridgeAdvancedLearner'sDictionaryannouncetostateor或者：主語+及物動詞+that引導的賓語從句。請看例句：TheyannouncedthedeathoftheirmotherinthelocalSheannouncedthewinnerofthecompetitiontoanexcitedPresidentGeorgeW.Bushannouncedhisintentiontoappoint16individualstoserveinhisThePrimeMinisterhasannouncedthatpublicspendingwillbeincreasednextCentralBankannouncedtoreformtheexchangerateregime……inthepasttwoyears，overthepasttwoyears，forthepasttwoyears，inrecentdays，overrecentmonths，inrecentmonths，inrecentyears，inrecenttimes等等；但greenlightopenturnon與之搭配，而是根據(jù)意思使用receive或者give?？聪旅鎯蓚€例句：GeneralThurmanstillhadtoreceiveafinalgreenlightfromthepresidentoncehehadworkedoutaplan.TheEuropeanCommissiongavethegreenlightyesterdayinBrusselsforBritishAirways'takeoverofDan-Air,dismissingobjectionsbyrivalcarriersandtheBelgiangovernment.Afterhavingrealizedcompletelyconvertibleunderfrequentitems,ChinaimprovedtheRMBexchangeratebymovingintoanominalandmanagedfloatingratesystem.（其他錯誤姑且不談，本句中realized的賓語是什么？難道形容詞convertible可以做賓語嗎？）thecentralbankisdevotedtopushforwardamarket-orientedofRMBexchangeratestepbystep.（topushforward？market-oriented是修飾語，為什么做pushforward的賓語？）WithaviewtoestablishandimprovethesocialistmarketeconomicsysteminChina,enablethemarkettofullyplayitsroleinresourceallocationaswellastoputinplaceandfurtherstrengthenthemanagedfloatingexchangerateregimebasedonmarketsupplyanddemand,thePeople'sBankofChina,withauthorizationoftheStateCouncil,isherebymakingthefollowingannouncementsregardingreformingtheRMBexchanger