非謂語動(dòng)詞表格形式實(shí)用文檔

非謂語動(dòng)詞表格形式實(shí)用文檔(實(shí)用文檔，可以直接使用，可編輯優(yōu)秀版資料，歡迎下載）

非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞表格形式實(shí)用文檔(實(shí)用文檔，可以直接使用，可編輯優(yōu)秀版資料，歡迎下載）動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成：to+動(dòng)詞原形（這里的to是不定式符號，本身無詞義）否定：not+(to+)動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞不定式的句法功能功能例句說明主語TospeakEnglishisnoteasyforus.=ItisnoteasyforustospeakEnglish。作主語用的不定式，常常用it作形式主語，而把不定式放在后面，其結(jié)構(gòu)為:It+be+adj.+（for/ofsb.)+動(dòng)詞不定式表語Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday。=Tocleantheroomeverydayismywork.多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語，可轉(zhuǎn)換為作主語賓語—Whatsportsdoesheliketoplay？—Helikestoplaybasketball。只能作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語，一般不做介詞的賓語賓補(bǔ)Mymothermademeplaythepianoallthetime.在make，let,see,hear，watch等使役動(dòng)詞后，不定式省略to定語Haveyougotanythingtosay?不定式做定語,要放在所修飾詞的后面狀語I’msorrytotroubleyou。不定式作狀語，其邏輯主語要和句子的主語一致1.todo作主語常用it作形式主語例：TolearnEnglishwellisuseful.→Itisuseful（forus）tolearnEnglishwell。注意：在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for而用of。2。一些表示命令，打算或希望的動(dòng)詞后只接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語：wouldlike，like（想要），want,wish，hope,decide,plan，except等。例：Wouldyouliketooseeafilmthisevening?3。在find,think后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語時(shí)，常用it代替，而將真正的賓語放在句末。例：IfinditeasytoreadEnglisheveryday.4.常見的一些不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語Whynotdo……，whydon'tyoudo…，hadbetter（not）do…,wouldraterdo…，could/would/willyouplease(not）do…例:Iwouldratherstayintheroom.5。一些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞用不定式作賓語，但to要省略.一感（fell）、二聽（hear，listento）、三讓（let/make/let)、四看（lookat,see，watch，notice）、五幫助（help）,但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)是必須加上to。例：Myfriendsweremadetoworkthewholenightbytheboss。6.不定式常和疑問詞what,which，when，where，how連用，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)賓語從句。動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞原形+—ing動(dòng)名詞的句法功能功能例句說明主語Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth。謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式賓語動(dòng)詞賓語Ilikeplayingbasketballverymuch.表示一般的習(xí)慣或抽象行為或經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作介詞賓語Stampsareusedforsendingletters。表語Hishobbyiscollectingstamps=Collectingstampsishishobby.多數(shù)情況下,動(dòng)名詞作表語可裝換成做主語定語Sheisinthereadingroom。只表明它所修飾的詞的用途、所屬關(guān)系等。至置于所修飾詞之前常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語的詞：完成實(shí)踐值得忙（finish,practice，beworth,bebusy)繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄（keepon,beusedto,giveup）考慮建議不禁想(consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike）喜歡思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind)分詞構(gòu)成:動(dòng)詞+—ing動(dòng)詞+-ed分詞的句法功能功能例句說明定語Doyouknowthegirlstandingunderthetree?Pleasehandinyourwrittenexercise.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，其邏輯主語就是它所修飾的詞;過去分詞作定語,其邏輯賓語就是它所修飾的詞。狀語Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.Seenfromthehill,outschoollooksmorebeautiful.分詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語表語Thesituationisencouraging。Theboyistoofrightenedtomove?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征；過去分詞表示某種狀態(tài)（也就是我們常說的人用-ed，物用—ing.)補(bǔ)足語Don’tkeepuswaitingforalongtime。Iheardhimsingingintheclassroom.He’llhavehishaircutafterschool.現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語,被補(bǔ)足的賓語或主語是它的邏輯主語（即主動(dòng)關(guān)系）；過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語，被補(bǔ)足的賓語或主語是它的邏輯賓語（即被動(dòng)關(guān)系）易混清單動(dòng)詞后接不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別stoptodosth.停下來去做stopdoingsth.停止做remembertodosth.記住要做某事（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）rememberdoingsth.記得曾經(jīng)做過某事（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生)forgettodosth.忘記做某事（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）Forgetdoingsth。忘記做過某事（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生)trytodosth。努力去做某事Trydoingsth.試著去做某事goontodosth.做完一件事,接著去做另一件事goondoingsth。繼續(xù)不停地做某事allowdoingsth.允許做某事allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事regrettodosth。對要做的事感到遺憾（未做）Regretdoingsth。對做過的事感到遺憾,后悔（已做)meantodosth.打算，想做某事meandoingsth.意味著做某事二．現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別我們常見的動(dòng)詞有see，watch，notice,hear，feel,have等,它們接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)，表示已經(jīng)完成了的經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作;接現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ),表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行著。例：Iheardhimsingingintheclassroom。(“唱"這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）Iheardhimsingintheclassroom。(“唱”這個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束)三．Need，require,want做“需要”解時(shí)，后加動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)式等于加不定式的被動(dòng)式。例：Thewindowneedscleaning?！鶷hewindowneedstobecleaned.wanttobedone=wantdoingneedtobedone=needdoingrequiretobedone=requiredoing現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別在語態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，過去分詞表示被動(dòng)(修飾人用-ed，修飾物用—ing)。例：thesurprisingnews令人驚訝的消息asurprisedman一個(gè)感到驚訝的人2。在時(shí)間上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，過去分詞表示已近完成的動(dòng)作。例:thedevelopingcountry發(fā)展中國家thedevelopedcountry發(fā)達(dá)國家注意下列“to”是介詞,不是動(dòng)詞不定式。make（a)contribution（s)to為……作貢獻(xiàn)devoteto獻(xiàn)身，致力于……lookforwardto期盼，盼望prefer……to……兩者間更喜歡……beusedto…習(xí)慣…….；適應(yīng)……Grannyoftentellsus______waterinourdailylife。A.saveB.savingC。tosaveD.savesRichardturnedoffthecomputerafterhehadfinished______theemail。A.writeB.towriteC.writingD.wroteBeforegoingtotheHistoryMuseumA。obeyB.toobeyC。obeyingD。obeyedJames,I'mtootired.Let'sstop______arest。A。havingB。haveC.tohavingD。tohave-WecanuseQQtochatwithotherontheInternet?！猂eally?Willyoupleaseshowme______it？A。howtouseB.whattouseC.howcanIuseD。whatcanIuse-Where’syourbrothernow,Bob？—Isawhim______inthestreetamomentagoandItoldhim______。A。playing；don’tdosoB。playing;notdosoC。play;todoso—Hi,Steve！Ourteacherstoldus______anelectricbike。It'stoodangerous.I’msorry。Iwon’tdoitagain。A。torideB。notrideC.nottorideAsteenagers，we’reoldenough______withhousework.Wecanhelpsetthetable,washthedishesandcleanourownrooms。A.tohelpB。helpingC.helped—Marydancesbestinourschool.Iagree。I’llneverforget______herdanceforthefirsttime.A.seeingB.toseeC.seeD.seenChineseathletesdidagreatjobintheWinterOlympicsinCanada。Itcanencouragepost—90s(90后）________.A。workhardB.workedharderC.workingharderD。toworkhardDon’tforget____anumbrella_____you。It’sgoingtorain。A.totake;toB.taking;toC.totake；withD.taking；withNancyisreallyahard–workingstudent.Weoftenseeher______booksintheclassroom。A。readB。toreadC。reads-Areyougoingtotheparty______atSmith’shomethisevening？IwillifIamfree.A。holdingB.heldC。toholdD.tobeheldMrs。Smithmadeherstudents______thecompositionsthreetimesaweek。A。writeB。towriteC.writtenD.writingDannydidallkindsofthingstomakethebaby______。A.tostopcryingB。stopcryingC。tostoptocryD.stoptocryWehavetworooms_____，butIcan’tdecide______。A.tolive;tochoosewhichoneB。lived;choosewhichoneC。tolivedin；whichonetochoseD.live;whichoneTheteachertoldthestudents______anyfoodintothecomputerroom。A.nottobringB。notbringC。don’tbringD。bringnotAtleast300millionpeopleareusingQQ______byMaHuatengtochatonline。A.creatB。createsC.creatingD。createdTheteacheraskedBen______adifficultquestioninclass。A.answerB.answeringC.toanswerD。answeredYou’dbetter______toomuchtimeplayingcomputergames。A。don’tspendB。nottospendC。tonotspendD.notspendMoreandmoreyoungpeoplearetryingtodosomething______theold。A。servedB.toserveC。serveD.serves22.—IsJackinthelibrary？—Maybe.Isawhim_____outwithsomebooksjustnow.A.goingB.goC.togoD。went23—Dad,whyshouldIstop______computergames?Foryourhealth,myboy，I'mafraidyou_______.A。toplay;mustB.playing；havetoC。toplay;canD。playing;may24.—HaveyouseentheTVplayMyUglyMother？—Yes,it'swellworth______。It’s______movingthatI'veseenittwice.A。seeing；tooB。tosee;enoughC.seeing;soD。tosee；such25.Whynot______yourteacherforhelpwhenyoucan’tfinish______itbyyourself?A。ask;writeB。toask;writingC.ask;writingD。asking;writing26。Ifpeople_____cuttingdowntheforest,theywillhavenowhere________.A.keep；toliveinB。willkeep；toliveinC。keep；toliveD.willkeep;tolive27。Hisparentsoftenencouragehim______hard.A。workB。workingC.toworkD.works28。LastweekImetmyoldfriendLiMingbutIforgot_______himforhistelephonenumber.A.askB。askingC.andaskD.toask29.LastweekendIwenttothelibrary_______somebooksonhowtoprotectenvironment.A。toborrowB.borrowC.borrowedD.borrowing30.-Howdoyoufeelwhenyouwatchthenationalflaggoup？—Itmakesme______veryproud。A.feltB。tofeelC。feelingD。feel31。Theboypromised_______lateforschoolagain.A.tonotbeB.nottobeC。notbeingD。beingnot32.It’sverynice______picturesforme.A。ofyoudodrawB。foryoutodrawC.foryoudrawingD.ofyoudrawing33.Chinawillspendabout52billionyuan______newairportsand______oldonesinthewestofChinainthe11thFive–YearPlanperiod。(時(shí)期）A。repairing;buildingB.tobuild;repairC.building;repairingD.torepair；build34.Therearesomanykindsofpenshere。Ican’tdecide______。A。whentochooseB。tochoosewhichC.whichonetochoose35.-Whataboutplayingfootballthisafternoon,Sam？-Iwouldrather______athomethan______football.it’stoohotoutside。A。stay;playingB。stay；playC.tostay；toplayD。tostay;playing36.IttookLiMinganhour_____hisbikeyesterdayA.torepairB。repairingC。repairedD。repair37。It’simportant_______thepianowell.A。ofhimtoplayB。forhimtoplayC。ofhimplayingD。forhimplaying38。Myjobis_______youJapanese.A。toteachB.teachC。teachesD。taught39.Thedoctor_______a______boyyesterday.A.hadsaved；dyingB.saved；deadC。hassaved；deadD。saved；dying40.Wouldyoumind______mehow______Englishwords？A.tell;torememberB.telling;rememberC。telling;torememberD.tell;remember答案：1-5CCBDA6—10BCAAD11—15CADAB16—20CADCD21-25BBBCC26—30CCDAD31-35BACCB36—40ABADC非謂語動(dòng)詞各種形式一般式完成式進(jìn)行式成分例句例句（被動(dòng)式\完成式\進(jìn)行式）不定式Todo(主動(dòng)Tobedone(被動(dòng)）TohavedoneTohavebeendoneTobedoing無被動(dòng)式主賓表定狀補(bǔ)Togotowuhanuniversityismydream。Iwant/wish/hope/expecttogotoWuhanuniversity.Iwanttobuysomethingtoeat。Imustworkhardtogotoakeyuniersity。Ihurriedtomyoffice，onlytofindiwasSunday.Iamveryhappytohearthat.MyparentsexpectmetototoWuhanuniversity。Tobeadmittedtowuhanuniversityismydream。Mydreamistobeadmittedtoakeyuneversity。MyparentsexpectmetobeadmittedtoWuhanuniversity。ThetelephonissaidtohavebeeninventedbyGrahmBell。Imeanttohavecometoyourparty,butanunexpectedguestvisitedmy.Heseemedtohaveknownthesecret。Whentheteachercamein，theboypretendedtobereading.現(xiàn)在分詞Doing(主動(dòng)）Beingdone（被動(dòng)）HavingdoneHavingbeendone無進(jìn)行式表定狀補(bǔ)Thefilmismoving。Theboyrunningontheplaygroundismybrother.Sittingonthelawn，theboysareplayingcards.Hisfatherdiedatanyoungage,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.NotknowingEnglish,thetouristsmetalotofdifficulty.Ioftenseehimsleepinginclass。Heisoftenseensleepinginclass。Thebuildingbeingbuiltwillbeournewlibrary.Havingexperiencedearthquakesbefore，Iwasverycalmthistime。Havingbeenwarnedoftheextremecold，thecitizenswerewellpreparedanddidn'tpanic。過去分詞Done無被動(dòng)式無完成式無進(jìn)行式表定狀補(bǔ)Iamveryexcitedtoreceiveyourletter。Thexcitedstudentsjumpedhappily.Retiredworker/fadedflowers/resignedworkerHisupsetexpressionsexplainedeverything.Equippedwithmodernconveniences，theroomisverycomfortabletostayin.Hefoundhishousebrokenintoandhisbelongingsstolen。動(dòng)名詞Doing（主動(dòng)）Beingdone(被動(dòng)）HavingdoneHavingbeendone無進(jìn)行式Beingdone主賓表定Smokingisharmfultoourhealth.NotbeingabletospeakEnglishmakeshislifeintheforeigncountryverydifficult。Myhobbyisplayingchess.Theboysareswimmingintheswimmingpool.Beingexposedtostrongsunlightforlonghasgivenhimasunburntface.Aftertheface—to-facetalk,hefinallyadmittedtohavingstolenthemoney.Ineverregrethavingdonethis。注：動(dòng)名詞完成式不作主語；現(xiàn)在分詞完成式不作定語。中考瞬間動(dòng)詞用法總結(jié)瞬間動(dòng)詞又稱非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，可以有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),但不可以接一段時(shí)間.若要接一段時(shí)間，需要做一些相應(yīng)的變換。瞬間動(dòng)詞在完成時(shí)態(tài)中的否定式可以接一段時(shí)間。如：Ihaven'tboughtanythingfortwomonths。常用瞬間動(dòng)詞有：1，come,go，getto，reach，arrive,leave,see，hear2。buy，sell，open，close,getup3。join，takepartin，begin，start,return，give,borrow,lend4，become，turn,bring，take，die，finish，end，receive,hearfrom,marry，1）

瞬間動(dòng)詞不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),若是進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)形式表示將來時(shí)態(tài)的意思。Thespaceshipisreturningtotheearth。I’mleavingforHangzhou.2）

瞬間動(dòng)詞不能與HOWLONG引導(dǎo)的疑問句連用.Wrong：Howlonghaveyouleftschool？Howlongisitsinceyouleftschool?Howlongagodidyouleave