2021年CATTI三級(jí)筆譯綜合能力真題及答案

CATTI三級(jí)筆譯綜合能力考試試題及答案解析(三)

一、VocabularySelection（本大題20小題．每題1.0分，共20.0分。Inthispart，thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence，therearefourwordsorphrasesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA，B，CandD.Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.）第1題Marketingis______justdistributinggoodsfromthemanufacturertothefinalcustomer.AratherthanBotherthanCbiggerthanDmorethan第2題Themagicianpickedseveralpersons______fromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.AbyaccidentBatrandomConoccasion第3題EnglishlanguagepublicationsinChinaaregrowinginvolumeand______.AcirculationBrotationCcircumstanceDappreciation第4題Duststormsmostoftenoccurinareaswherethegroundhaslittlevegetationtoprotectofthewind.AfromtheeffectsBittheeffectsCitfromtheeffectsDtheeffectsfromit第5題Onturningthecomer，theysawthepath______steeply.AdepartingBdescendingCdecreasing第6題Mostnursesarewomen，butinthehigherranksofthemedicalprofessionwomenareaAscarcityBminorityCminimum第7題Withaneighty-hourweekandlittleenjoyment，lifemusthavebeenveryforthestudents.AhostileBanxiousCtediousDobscure第8題Container-grownplantscanbeplantedatanytimeoftheyear，but______inwinter.AshouldbeBwouldbeCpreferredDpreferably第9題Hydroponics______thecultivationofplantswithoutsoil.AdoesBisCdoDare第10題Intheeighteenthcentury，thetownofBennington，Vermont，wasfamousforpottery.AitmadeBitsCthemakingDwhereits第11題Toimposecomputertechnology______teachersistocreateanenvironmentthatisnotconducivetolearning.AwithBtoCinDon第12題Goodpencilerasersaresoftenoughnot______paperbuthardenoughsothattheycrumblegraduallywhenused.AbydamagingBsothattheydamageCtodamageDdamaging第13題Bothlongitudeandlatitude______indegrees，minutesandseconds.AmeasuringBmeasuredCaremeasuredDbeingmeasured第14題OurflighttoGuangzhouwas______byabadfogandwehadtostaymuchlongerinthehotelthanwehadexpected.AdelayedBadjournedCcancelledDpreserved第15題______ofhischildhoodhomeinHannibal，ARememberingBMemoriesCItwasthememoriesDHeremembered第16題Mostcometshavetwokindsoftails，onemadeupofdust，______madeupofelectricallychargedparticlescalledplasma.AoneanotherBtheotherCotheronesDeachother第17題Wehavehadtoraisethepricesofourproductsbecauseoftheincreaseinthecostofmaterials.AprimitiveBroughCoriginalDraw第18題______alanguagefamilyisagroupoflanguageswithacommonoriginandsimilarvocabulary，grammar，andsoundsystem.AWhatlinguistscallBItiscalledbylinguistsCLinguistscallitDWhatdolinguistscall第19題______getolder，thegamestheyplaybecomeincreasinglycomplex.AChildrenBChildren，whentheyCAschildrenDForchildrento第20題Wheneverthegovernmentincreasespublicservices，______becausemoreworkersareneededtocarryouttheseservices.AemploymenttoriseBemploymentrisesCwhichrisingemploymentDtheriseofemployment二、VocabularyReplacement（本大題15小題．每題1.0分，共15.0分。Thispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence，therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA，B，CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoicethatcanreplacetheunderlinedwordwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingtheprincipalmeaningofthesentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.）第1題Publicrelationspracticeisthedeliberate，plannedandsustainedefforttoestablishandmaintainmutualunderstandingbetweenanorganizationanditspublic.AcompleteBrelatedCintentionalDactive第2題Theserviceeconomydoesn'tsuggestthatweconvertourfactoriesintolaundriestosurvive.AimplyBpersuadeChurlDtransform第3題TheultimatecauseoftheCivilWarwasthebombardmentofFortAonlyBfinalCtrueDspecial第4題Mostspeciesofthisplantthriveinordinarywell-drainedgardensoilandtheyarebestplanted8cmdeepand5cmapart.AdevelopwellBgrowtallerCmatureDbearfruit第5題Jimwasastoutoldgentleman，withaweather-beatencountenance.AbodyBskinCshoulderDpassionateinterest第6題Theuseofthenewtechnologywillhaveaprofoundeffectonschools.AnegativeBpositiveCstrongDuseful第7題Hehasatouchofeccentricityinhiscomposition.AessayBwritingCcharacterDmanner第8題Themoststrikingtechnologicalsuccessinthe20thcenturyisprobablythecomputerrevolution.AprofitableBproductiveCprominentDprompt第9題Shellfishgivethedeceptiveappearanceofenjoyingapeacefulexistence，althoughinfactlifeisaconstantstruggleforthem.AmisleadingBcalmCunderstandableDinitial第10題Motivationisthedrivingforcewithinindividualsthatimpelsthemtoaction.AimpedesBinterferesCholdsDpushes第11題Scientificevidencefromdifferentdisciplinesdemonstratesthatinmosthumansthelefthemisphereofthebraincontrolslanguage.AgroupsoffollowersByearsCcountriesDfieldsofstudy第12題IfwelookattheChineseandBritishconceptsofhospitality，wefindonemajorsimilaritybutanumberofimportantdifferences.AhostilityBfriendlinessCmannerDculture第13題Itwasratherstrangehowthehabitsofhisyouthclungtohimstill.Hewas72.AstucktoBturnedCledtoDgavewayto第14題Injustthreeyears，theNethasgonefromaplaygroundforthelocalpeopletoavastcommunicationsandtradingcenterwheremillionsswapinformationordodealsaroundtheworld.AbusinessBshoppingCchattingDmeeting第15題NoheroofancientormodemdayscansurpasstheIndianswiththeirloftycontemptofdeathandthefortitudewithwhichtheysustainitscruelestaffliction.AregardBcourageClossDtrick三、CorrectingGrammaticalErrors（本大題14小題．每題1.0分，共14.0分。Thispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesagrammaticalerrorBeloweachsentence，therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA，B，CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoiceandreplacetheunderlinedelement(s)sothattheerroriserasedandcorrected.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.）第1題ThefirstrecordeduseofnaturalgastolightstreetlampsitwasinthetownofFrederick，NewYork，in1825.AwasBisCitisDwere第2題Furnituremakersusegluetoholdjointstogetherandsometimestoreinforceit.AitsBfastChardDthem第3題Alllivingcreaturespassoninheritedtraitsfromonegenerationtoother.AtheotherBanotherCothersDotherone第4題Unlikecompetitiverunning，racewalkersmustalwayskeepsomeportionoftheirfeetincontactwiththeground.ArunBrunnerCrunnersDrunningrace第5題TheeasternbluebirdisconsideredthemostattractivebirdnativeofNorthAmericabymanybird-watchers.AnativeBnativewithCnativebyDnativeto第6題Machinesthatusehydraulicpressureincludingelevators，dentistchairs，andautomobilebrakes.AexcludeBexcludingCincludeDareincluded第7題Allrootvegetablesgrowunderground，andnotallvegetablesthatgrowundergroundareroots.AbutBorCasDthus第8題Allmammalshavehair，butnotalwaysevident.AbutitisnotBbutitisCbuttheyarenotDbuttheyare第9題Apromisingnoteisawrittenagreementtopayacertainsumofmoneyatsometimefuture.AtimefuturesBfuturesCfuturestimeDfuturetime第10題Notmuchpeoplerealizethatappleshavebeencultivatedforover3,000years.ANotmanyBNotenoughCWithoutmanyDNomany第11題Althoughthesocialsciencesdifferentagreatdealfromoneanother，theyshareacommoninterestinhumanrelationship.AmoveBdifferCchangeDvaries第12題Thehard，outsurfaceofthetoothiscalledenamel.AoutsideBappearanceCouterDhiding第13題Theearliestformofartificiallightingwasfire，whichalsoprovidedwarmandprotection.AhotBsunshineCwarmthDsafe第14題NewYorkCitysurpassedtheotherAtlanticseaportsinpartlybecauseitdevelopedthebesttransportationlinkswiththeinteriorofthecountry.ApartBpartialCpartnerDparting四、ReadingComprehension（共50小題,共50.0分）Inthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage，eachwithfour(A，B，CandD)suggestedanswersorwaysoffinishing.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.第1題PhyllisWheatleyisregardedasAmerica'sfirstblackpoet.ShewasborninSenegal，Africa，about1753andbroughttoAmericaaboardaslaveshipatabouttheageofseven.JohnandSusannahWheatleyboughtherforthreepoundsataslaveauctioninBostonin1761tobeapersonalservantofMrs.Wheatley.Thefamilyhadthreeotherslaves，andallweretreatedwithrespect.Phylliswassoonacceptedasoneofthefamily，whichincludedbeingraisedandeducatedwiththeWheatley'stwin15-year-oldchildren，MaryandNathaniel.Atthattime，mostfemales，evenfrombetterfamilies，couldnotreadandwrite，butMarywasprobablyoneofthebesteducatedyoungwomeninBoston.Marywantedtobecomeateacher，andinfact，itwasMarywhodecidedtotakechargeofPhyllis'seducation.Phyllissoondisplayedherremarkabletalents.AttheageoftwelveshewasreadingtheGreekandLatinclassicsandpassagesfromtheBible.Andeventually，Mrs.WheatleydecidedPhyllisshouldbecomeaChristian.

AttheageofthirteenPhylliswroteherfirstpoem.ShebecameaBostonsensationaftershewroteapoemonthedeathoftheevangelicalpreacherGeorgeWhitfieldin1770.ItbecamecommonpracticeinBostontohave"Mrs.Wheatley'sPhyllis"readpoetryinpolitesociety.Marymarriedin1771，andPhyllislatermovedtothecountrybecauseofpoorhealth，asateacherandcaretakertoafarmer'sthreechildren.MaryhadtriedtointerestpublishersinPhyllis'spoemsbutoncetheyheardshewasaNegrotheyweren'tinterested.

Thenin1773PhylliswentwithNathaniel，whowasnowabusinessman，toLondon.Itwasthoughtthataseavoyagemightimproveherhealth.Thirty-nineofherpoemswerepublishedinLondonasPoemsonVariousSubjects，ReligiousandMoral.ItwasthefirstbookpublishedbyablackAmerican.In1775PhylliswroteapoemextollingtheaccomplishmentsofGeorgeWashingtonandsentittohim.Herespondedbypraisinghertalentsandinvitinghertovisithisheadquarters.Afterbothofherbenefactorsdiedin1777，andMarydiedin1778，Phylliswasfreedasaslave.Shemarriedin1778，movedawayfromBoston，andhadthreechildren.Butaftertheunhappymarriage，shemovedbacktoBoston，anddiedinpovertyattheageofthirty.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?ASlaveryandthetreatmentoftheblackpeopleinAmerica.BTheWheatleyfamily，includingtheirslaves.CThelifeofAmerica'sfirstblackpoet.第2題Theunderlinedword"respect"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningtoAconsiderationBdisregardCpunishment第3題Accordingtothepassage，howmanyslavesdidtheWheatley'shave?AOne.BTwo.CThree.DFour.第4題Accordingtothepassage，anunusualfeatureofMarywasthatsheAwasnotmucholderthanPhyllisBwantedtobecomeateacherCwascomparativelywelleducatedDdecidedtotakechargeofPhyllis'seducation第5題Theunderlinedword"eventually"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningtoAultimatelyBslowlyCreluctantlyDgradually第6題WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutPhyllisintheearly1770s?AShewroteherfirstpoemwheninherteens.BShemarriedin1771.CShebecameateacher.DShewasabletogetherpoemspublished.第7題Theunderlinedword"they"inParagraph2refersto______.ApublishersBpoemsCchildrenDblackpeople第8題ItcanbeinferredthatPhyllis'striptoEnglandwithNathanielin1773______.AdidnotimproveherhealthBwasforbusinessreasonsCledtobooksofherpoemsbeingavailableinAmericaDledtothepublicationofherpoemsbecausetheEnglishweremoreinterestedinreligiousandmoralsubjects第9題Theword"extolling"isclosestinmeaningto______.AwelcomingBstatingCbemoaningDpraising第10題WhichofthefollowingconclusionsaboutPhyllisissupportedbythepassage?AShewouldhavebeenmorerecognizedasapoetifshehadnotbeenblack.BShewouldhavewrittenpoetryifshehadstayedinAfrica.CShewentunrecognizedasapoetduringherlifetime.DSheonlywrotereligiouspoetry.第11題Aboutfiftyyearsago，plantphysiologistssetouttogrowrootsbythemselvesinsolutionsinlaboratoryflasks.Thescientistsfoundthatthenutritionofisolatedrootswasquitesimple.Theyrequiredsugarandtheusualmineralsandvitamins.However，theydidnotrequireorganicnitrogencompounds.Theserootsgotalongfineonmineralinorganicnitrogen.Rootsarecapableofmakingtheirownproteinsandotherorganiccompounds.Theseactivitiesbyrootsrequireenergy，ofcourse.TheprocessofrespirationusessugartomakethehighenergycompoundATP，whichdrivesthebiochemicalreactions.Respirationalsorequiresoxygen.Highlyactiverootsrequireagooddealofoxygen.

Thestudyofisolatedrootshasprovidedanunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenshootsandrootsinintactplants.Theleavesoftheshootsprovidetherootswithsugarandvitamins，andtherootsprovidetheshootswithwaterandminerals.Inaddition，rootscanprovidetheshootswithorganicnitrogencompounds.Thiscomesinhandyforthegrowthofbudsintheearlyspringwhenleavesarenotyetfunctioning.Onceleavesbeginphotosynthesizing，theyproduceprotein，butonlymatureleavescan"export"proteintotherestoftheplantintheformofaminoacids.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?ATherelationshipbetweenaplant'srootsanditsshoots.BWhatcanbelearnedbygrowingrootsinisolation.CHowplantscanbegrownwithoutroots.DWhatelementsarenecessaryforthegrowthofplants.第12題Theunderlinedword"themselves"inParagraph1refersto______.AplantphysiologistsBsolutionsClaboratoryflasksDroots第13題Thescientistsfoundwhattheisolatedrootsneedis______.AquitenaturalBsugar，mineralsandvitaminsCsomerarevitaminsDorganicnitrogencompounds第14題Rootshavetheabilityto______.AmakeproteinsBobtainfreshairCproduceinorganicnitrogenDcarryoutactivitieswithoutenergy第15題Accordingtothepassage，whatisATP?AAbiochemicalprocess.BThetipofaroot.CAchemicalcompound.DAtypeofplantcell.第16題Theunderlinedword"intact"inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.AmatureBwildCwholeDtiny第17題Theuseofthephrase"comesinhandy"underlinedinParagraph2indicatesthattheprocessis______.AunavoidableBpredictableCnecessaryDsuccessful第18題Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat，intheearlyspring，thebudsofplants______.A"export"proteinintheformofaminoacidsBdonotrequirewaterChavebegunphotosynthesizingDobtainorganiccompoundsfromtheroot第19題Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?ATheresultsoftwoexperimentsarecompared.BAgeneralizationismade，andseveralexamplesofitaregiven.CThefindingsofanexperimentareexplained.DAhypothesisispresented，andseveralmeansofprovingitaresuggested.第20題Whereisthispassagelikelytobefound?AAnewsletter.BAmagazine.CAstorybook.DAnovel.第21題Naturalflavoringsandfragrancesareoftencostlyandlimitedinsupply.Forexample，thevitalingredientinarosefragranceisextractedfromnaturalroseoilatacostofthousandsofdollarsapound；anidenticalsyntheticsubstancecanbemadefor1%ofthiscost.Sincetheearlytwentiethcentury，successinreproducingthesesubstanceshascreatedanewindustrythattodayproduceshundredsofartificialflavorsandfragrances.

Somenaturalfragrancesareeasilysynthesized；theseincludevanillin，thearomaticingredientinvanilla，andbenzaldehyde，thearomaticingredientinwildcherries.Otherfragrances，however，havedozens，evenhundredsofcomponents.Onlyrecentlyhasitbeenpossibletoseparateandidentifytheseingredientsbytheuseofgaschromatographyandspectroscopy.Oncethechemicalidentityisknown，itisoftenpossibletosynthesizethem.Nevertheless，somecomplexsubstances，suchasthearomaoffreshcoffee，havestillnotbeenduplicatedsatisfactorily.

Manyofthechemicalcompoundsmakingupthesesyntheticsareidenticaltothosefoundinnature，andareasharmlessorharmfulasthenaturalsubstances.Newproductsmustbetestedforsafety，andwhenusedinfood，mustbeapprovedbytheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration.

Theavailabilityofsyntheticflavorsandfragranceshasmadepossiblealargevarietyofproducts，frominexpensivebeveragestoperfumedsoaptousedcarswithapplied"newcarodor."Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat______.AnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesarenotquitedearBthelimitationofnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesisclearCthesupplyofnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesisadequatetomeetthedemandDthecostofproducingnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesishigh第22題Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?ANaturalrosefragranceis100timesmoreexpensivetoproducethanartificialrosefragrance.BThemostimportantingredientinarosefragranceisobtainedfromnaturalroseoilatalowcost.CAdifferentsyntheticsubstancecanbemadefor1%ofthecost.DNaturalroseoilcoststhesameasitsfragrances.第23題Theindustryofproducinghundredsofartificialflavorsandfragrancesprobablyappearedin______.AB1953C1909D1810第24題Accordingtothepassage，allthefollowingareeasiertosynthesizeEXCEPT______.AaromaticingredientinvanillaBvanillaCaromaticingredientinwildcherryDtheflavoroffreshcoffee第25題Theunderlinedword"duplicated"inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.AmakedoubleBmakeacopyofCproducesomethingequaltoDtakefrom第26題WhydoestheauthormentionfreshcoffeeinParagraph2?AAsanexampleofcomplexsubstanceshavingnotbeenduplicatedsatisfactorily.BBecausethecoffeefragranceishardtoproduce.CToconcludethepassage.DThesmelloffreshcoffeeisinviting.第27題______，asubstancecanbesynthesized.AUponidentifyingthebasiccomponentsofitBOncechemicallyanalyzedCWhengaschromatographyisusedDIfspectroscopyisadopted第28題Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.AvanilliniseasiertosynthesizethanbenzaldehydeBnotallsyntheticflavorsareharmlessCingeneral，thelesscomponentsthereareinafragrance，theharderitistosynthesizeDsynthesizedsubstancesmustbetestedforsafetyonlyiftheyareusedinfood第29題Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?AHowtoSynthesizeFragrancesBSyntheticSubstancesAreEasytoMakeCNaturalFlavoringsandFragrancesDSyntheticFlavorsandFragrances第30題WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?ASyntheticfragrancescanbeusedtomakeausedcarsmelllikeanewone.BSyntheticflavorsandfragranceshaveaddedtothevarietiesofproducts.CLemonsoapismadeoutofsomedeliciouslemon.DItislikelythatabottleoforangejuiceissynthesized.第31題Somepeopleassociatemigrationmainlywithbirds.Birdsdotravelvastdistances，butmammalsalsomigrate.Anexampleisthecaribou，reindeerthatgrazeonthegrassyslopesofnorthernCanada.Whentheweatherturnscold，theytravelsouthuntilspring.Theirtracksaresowell-wornthattheyareclearlyvisiblefromtheair.AnothermigratingmammalistheAlaskafurseal.ThesesealsbreedonlyinthePribilotIslandsintheBeringSea.TheyoungareborninJuneandbySeptemberarestrongenoughtogowiththeirmothersonajourneyofover3,000miles.TogethertheyswimdownthePacificCoastofNorthAmerica.ThefemalesandyoungtravelasfarassouthernCalifornia.Themalesdonotjourneysofar.TheyswimonlytotheGulfofAlaska.Inthespring，malesandfemalesallreturntotheislands，andtherethecyclebeginsagain.Whalesareamongthegreatestmigratorsofall.Thehumpbackandbluewhalesmigratethousandsofmileseachyearfromthepolarseastothetropics.Whaleseathugequantitiesofplankton.Thesearemostabundantincoldpolarwaters.Inwinter，thewhalesmovetowarmwaterstobreedandgivebirthtotheiryoung.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat______.ApeoplemigratelikeanimalsBonlybirdsmigrateCthefemalefursealsmigrateonlytotheGulfofAlaskaDnotallmammalsmigrate第32題Thephrase"Anexample"underlinedinParagraph1referstoanexampleofa______.AmigratorymammalBplacewhereanimalsmigrateCmigratingbirdDpersonwhoassociatesmigrationwithbirds第33題AllthemammalsarementionedasmigratingonesEXCEPT______.AcaribouBfinwhaleCreindeerDAlaskafurseal第34題Wherecanyouseefromtheairthemigrationofthemammals?AInthePribilotIslands.BIntheBeringSea.CInsouthernCalifornia.DInnorthernCanada.第35題WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?AWhalesbreedinwinter.BYoungwhalesaregivenbirthincoldwaters.CAlaskafursealsgivebirthtotheyoungonlyinonearea.DAlaskafursealsareborninwarmweather.第36題Together______ofAlaskafursealsswimdownthePacificCoastofNorthAmerica.AmothersandtheyoungBfathersandtheyoungCparentsandtheyoungDsealsandwhales第37題WhichofthefollowingisNOTdescribedinthepassage?AWhalesmigratetobreedandgivebirthtotheiryoung.BWhale-watchinginBostoninsummerisattracting.CSealsbreedinthenorthbeforemigration.DReindeerfeedongrass.第38題Whalesliveon______.AtinyplantsandanimalsintheseaBthegrassyslopesofnorthernCanadaCtheiryoungincoldwinterDtheabundantseafoodintropicwaters第39題Howmanykindsofmigratingmammalsarementionedinthepassage?AFour.BThree.CTwo.DOne.第40題Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?AThreeTypesofWhalesBBirdsMigrationCMammalsAlsoMigrateDSeveralKindsofMigration第41題Electronicmailhasbecomeanextremelyimportantandpopularmeansofcommunication.

Theconvenienceandefficiencyofelectronicmailarethreatenedbytheextremelyrapidgrowthinthevolumeofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmail.Unsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailiscurrentlyestimatedtoaccountforoverhalfofallelectronicmailtraffic，upfromanestimated7percentin，andthevolumecontinuestorise.Mostofthesemessagesarefraudulentordeceptiveinoneormorerespects.

Thereceiptofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailmayresultincoststorecipientswhocannotrefusetoacceptsuchmailandwhoincurcostsforthestorageofsuchmail，orforthetimespentaccessing，reviewing，anddiscardingsuchmail，orforboth.Thereceiptofalargenumberofunwantedmessagesalsodecreasestheconvenienceofelectronicmailandcreatesariskthatwantedelectronicmailmessages，bothcommercialandnoncommercial，willbelost，overlooked，ordiscardedamidstthelargervolumeofunwantedmessages，thusreducingthereliabilityandusefulnessofelectronicmailtotherecipient.Somecommercialelectronicmailcontainsmaterialthatmanyrecipientsmayconsidervulgarorpornographicinnature.

ThegrowthinunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailimposessignificantmonetarycostsonprovidersofInternetaccessservices，businesses，andeducationalandnonprofitinstitutionsthatcarryandreceivesuchmail，asthereisafinitevolumeofmailthatsuchproviders，businesses，andinstitutionscanhandlewithoutfurtherinvestmentininfrastructure.Manysendersofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailpurposefullydisguisethesourceofsuchmail.

Manysendersofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailpurposefullyincludemisleadinginformationinthemessages'subjectlinesinordertoinducetherecipientstoviewthemessages.Whilesomesendersofcommercialelectronicmailmessagesprovidesimpleandreliablewaysforrecipientstoreject(or'opt-out'o0receiptofcommercialelectronicmailfromsuchsendersinthefuture，othersendersprovidenosuch'opt-out'mechanism，orrefusetohonortherequestsofrecipientsnottoreceiveelectronicmailfromsuchsendersinthefuture，orboth.

ManysendersofbulkunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailusecomputerprogramstogatherlargenumbersofelectronicmailaddressesonanautomatedbasisfromInternetwebsitesoronlineserviceswhereusersmustposttheiraddressesinordertomakefulluseofthewebsiteorservice.

Theproblemsassociatedwiththerapidgrowthandabuseofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailcannotbesolvedbythegovernmentalone.Thedevelopmentandadoptionoftechnologicalapproachesandthepursuitofcooperativeeffortswithothercountrieswillbenecessaryaswell.Accordingtothepassage，efficiencyofe-mailisthreatenedby______.Aheavye-mailtrafficBfraudulente-mailmessagesClargevolumeofmessagesDincreasingamountofunwantede-mail第42題WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutunwantede-mail?AItcostsmoneytoreceivethem.BIt'sfreetostorethem.CIttakestimetoaccessthem.DIttakestimetothrowthemaway.第43題Unwantede-mailmay______.AcausecompaniestofailinbusinessBcausewantede-mailmessagestoloseCdamagethecreditofacompanyDdogoodtoasmallcompany第44題"Pornographic"inParagraph3probablymeans______.AdecentBinstructionalCsexualDcommercial第45題Whatdoesunwantede-mailmessagesdototheprovidersoftheInternetservices?ARaisingtheircost.BRaisingtheInternetspeed.CImprovingtheirbusiness.DAttractinginvestment.第46題"Disguise"inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto______.ArevealBhideCdeliverDpost第47題Theword"induce"inParagraph5isclosestinmeaningto______.AcheatBintroduceCprovideDharm第48題"Opt-out"mechanismisprobably______.AamachinethatcanbeattachedtoyourcomputerBabuttonthatyoucanmakeachoicetoreadornottoreadCasoftwarethatyoucanplayacomputergameDane-mailthatsayssomegoodwordstoyou第49題ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph6thatbulkunsolicitedcommerciale-mailwillprobablyspread______.AharmfulvirusBunpleasantnewsCadvertisementsDadultjokes第50題Theunwantede-mailproblemcanbesolvedif______.AthegovernmenttakesactionBanewtechnologyisadoptedCmorepeopleareawareoftheproblemDjointeffortsaremadeandnewtechnologyisusednone、五（共Cloze小題,20共分）20.0第1題

Insuranceisthesharingof(1).Nearlyeveryoneisexposed(2)riskofsomesort.Thehouseowner，forexample，knowsthathis(3)canbedamagedbyfire；theshipownerknowsthathisvesselmaybelostatsea；thebreadwinnerknowsthathemaydieby(4)and(5)hisfamilyinpoverty.Ontheotherhand，noteveryhouseisdamagedbyfireoreveryvessellostatsea.Ifthesepersonseachputa(6)stunofmoneyintoapool，therewillbeenoughto(7)theneedsofthefewwhodosuffer(8).Inotherwordsthelossesofthefewar