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ABSOLUTEMONARCHSCHAPTER21ABSOLUTEMONARCHSCHAPTER211Whoareabsolutemonarchs?Kingsorqueenswhoheldallpowerwithintheirstates’boundariesTheybelievedgodcreatedthemonarchyandmonarchswereGod’srepresentativeonearth(DivineRight)Whoareabsolutemonarchs?King2PhillipIISonofCharlesV–ruleroftheHolyRomanEmpireBecamerulerofSpain,Netherlands,andtheSpanishAmericancoloniesCreatedandempirethatcircledtheglobePhillipIISonofCharlesV–r3PhillipIIDefenderofCatholicismagainstMuslimsandProtestantsDefeatedOttomansatBattleofLepanto(1571)SpanishArmadadestroyedbyEngland(1588)SpanishempireneverrecoversPhillipIIDefenderofCatholic4LouisXIVBackgroundGrandfather–HenryIVenactedtheEdictofNantesCardinalRichelieuhelpedLouis’dadestablishcontrolofFranceLouisXIVBackground5Louis’BackgroundLouisbecamekingat4yearsoldwhenhisfatherdiedLouisgrewhatethenobility,becauseoftheriotsthattoreFranceapartduringhischildhoodLouis’BackgroundLouisbecame6HowLouisXIVwasanAbsoluteRuler?HowLouisXIVwasanAbsolute7“L’ètat,e’estmoi”“Iamthestate”Louis’viewwasthatheandthestatewereoneinthesameHebecamethemostpowerfulrulerinFrenchhistory“L’ètat,e’estmoi”“Iamthes8LouisattackstheNobilityLouisexcludedthenobilityfromtheFrenchcouncilsHeincreasedthepowerofgovernmentagentscalledintendantsTheintendantscollectedtaxesLouisattackstheNobilityLoui9LouisisdevotedtomakingFranceanEconomicPowerJeanBaptisteColbertbecameLouis’ministeroffinanceHewantedtomakeFranceself-sufficientColbertdevelopedthetheoryofmercantilism:Wantedtoexport(sendgoodsoverseas)morethanyouimport(bringgoodsinfromoverseas)LouisisdevotedtomakingFra10Louis’DisastrousWarsLouis’DisastrousWars11FrenchMilitaryCampaignsLouisspenthis$onmilitarycampaignstoexpandFrenchboundariesThesewarsalmostbankruptedthecountryCountrieslearnedtojointogethertodefeatFrance

FrenchMilitaryCampaignsLouis12WarofSpanishSuccession

TheSpanishkinglefthisthronetoLouisXIVgrandsonin1700Europewasoutraged&worriedaboutthetwobiggestpowersbeingunitedbyblood

WarofSpanishSuccessionThe13WarofSpanishSuccessionThiswarlasted13years&FrancelostLouislost3outof4sonsHisgrandsonwillbecomekingofSpainLouisdiedin1715

WarofSpanishSuccessionThis14Louis’LegacyWhenLouisdiedin1715,peoplecheered!Mixedlegacy:Positive:FrancerankedaboveallotherEuropeannationsinart&literature.AlsoconsideredthemilitaryleaderofEuropeNegative:Constantwarfare&theconstructionofthePalaceofVersaillesputFranceintostaggeringdebt.PlusthepoorwereburdenedbyhightaxesLouis’LegacyWhenLouisdiedi15ThePalaceofVersaillesOnpage599,explainhowLouisXIVcontrolledthenobilityinthePalace?Describethemostbeautifulroominthepalace.Howmanyacresofgardens&howmanyfountainswereinthePalace?WhydoyouthinkLouisXIVbelievedheneededsuchalarge&luxuriouspalace?ThePalaceofVersaillesOnpag16用英語學(xué)法國歷史1FRenchAbsolutism課件17LouisXIVReviewList4waysthatLouisXIVwasanabsolutistruler.ABCDWasLouis’planforfinancingthecountryagoodplanornot?Readonpage601&explainwhowasthebigwinneroutoftheWarofSpanishSuccession&why.LouisXIVReviewList4waysth18TheThirtyYears’WarCausesFerdinandII-HolyRomanEmperor(Catholic)forcedsomeProtestantchurchestocloseinBohemia.ProtestantsrevoltedagainstFerdinand’spolicy.Ferdinandsenttroopstopunishtheprotestors.GermanProtestantprincessenttroopstohelptheprotestors.TheThirtyYears’WarCauses19TheThirtyYears’WarPhase1Ferdinand’sarmy(Catholics)constantlydefeattheProtestants.TheydestroymanyGermanvillages.Phase2FrancehelpstheProtestantnationsdefeattheHapsburgs(Ferdinand’sf

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