2020-2021學(xué)年北京延慶區(qū)初三第一學(xué)期英語(yǔ)期末試卷及答案

2020-2021學(xué)年北京延慶區(qū)初三第一學(xué)期英語(yǔ)期末試卷及答案知識(shí)運(yùn)用一、單項(xiàng)填空從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.Lastweek,thetwinschoseadressfor_____motherasabirthdaygift.A.her B.them C.their D.his【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：上周，雙胞胎為他們的媽媽選了一件連衣裙作為生日禮物?？疾榇~辨析。her她的；them他們；their他們的；his他的。根據(jù)thetwins可知“雙胞胎為他們的媽媽買了生日禮物”。故選C。2.StanLee,thefatherofMarvelComic,passedaway_____Nov.12th,2018.A.on B.at C.in D.over【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：2018年11月12日，漫威之父斯坦·李去世?？疾榻樵~辨析。on表示具體的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上；at表示具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)；in用于較長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間（世紀(jì)、年代、季節(jié)、月份等）或是表示泛指的上午、下午等前面；over超過(guò)。根據(jù)“Nov.12th,2018”可知，此處指的是2018年11月12日具體的這一天，所以用介詞on，故選A。3.Sorry,Imustgotothelibrary.Lily_____formethere.A.waited B.iswaiting C.waits D.waswaiting【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：對(duì)不起，我必須去圖書(shū)館。莉莉在那里等我?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。waited一般過(guò)去時(shí)；iswaiting現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；waits一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；waswaiting過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境、前一句“Sorry,Imustgotothelibrary.”和空后“formethere”可知作者現(xiàn)在必須得去圖書(shū)館，因?yàn)槔蚶蛘谀抢锏茸髡?，所以本句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示作者說(shuō)話時(shí)莉莉正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。故選B。4.WilliamShakespeareisoneof__________writersintheworld.A.famous B.morefamous C.mostfamous D.themostfamous【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：威廉·莎士比亞是世界上最著名的作家之一?？疾樾稳菰~的最高級(jí)。famous著名的；morefamous比較級(jí)；mostfamous最高級(jí)；themostfamous最高級(jí)。根據(jù)比較范圍intheworld可知此處應(yīng)用形容詞最高級(jí)，且形容詞的最高級(jí)前必須加定冠詞the。故選D。錯(cuò)因分析①考生沒(méi)能根據(jù)“oneof”與“intheworld”判斷出本題使用形容詞的最高級(jí)；②考生忽略了形容詞最高級(jí)前必須加the。【點(diǎn)睛】形容詞最高級(jí)用法：the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞+表示范圍的短語(yǔ)或從句，如Jackisthetalleststudentinhisclass.oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+表示范圍的短語(yǔ)或者從句，如Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld.比較級(jí)形式表達(dá)最高級(jí)意義，“比較級(jí)+thananyother+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”“比較級(jí)+thantheother+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”或“比較級(jí)+thantherestof+the+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”來(lái)表達(dá)最高級(jí)意義，如Juliaistallerthananyothergirlinherclass.5.—_____yougotocinemawithmethisSaturday?—Sorry,Ican’t.ThisSaturdayismymother’sbirthday.A.May B.Can C.Must D.Need【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——這個(gè)星期六你能和我一起去看電影嗎?——對(duì)不起，我不能。這個(gè)星期六是我媽媽的生日?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。May可以；Can能、能夠；Must必須、一定；Need需要。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“Sorry,Ican’t.”使用了can來(lái)回答，可知前面的問(wèn)句一般應(yīng)是用can來(lái)引導(dǎo)，意為“能、會(huì)”，故選B。6.Washyourhandsbeforemeals,________youmaygetill.A.and B.but C.or D.so【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：飯前洗手，否則你可能會(huì)生病的。本題考查連詞。and而且，but但是，or否則，so所以。結(jié)合句意，“飯前不洗手”是“你可能會(huì)生病”的條件，故選C。7.—_____willthetalkshowstart?—Itwillstartat8:00.A.When B.Why C.How D.Where【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——脫口秀什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始？——它會(huì)在八點(diǎn)開(kāi)始。考查特殊疑問(wèn)句。When什么時(shí)候；Why為什么；How怎樣；Where在哪里，根據(jù)答句“Itwillstartat8:00”可知，問(wèn)的是脫口秀什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始，故選A。8.—Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?—I_____theclassroom.A.havecleaned B.wascleaning C.cleaned D.clean【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候你在干什么？——我在打掃教室?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上文“Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?”可知，下文是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)是bedoing的形式。主語(yǔ)是I是第三人稱單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用was。Iwascleaningtheclassroom.“我正在打掃教室”。故選B。9.I_____playingthispieceofmusicfortwomonths,soIplayitbetter.A.practice B.practicedC.willpractice D.havepracticed【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】句意：我已經(jīng)練習(xí)彈這首音樂(lè)兩個(gè)月了，所以彈得更好了。考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)fortwomonths可知時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)是have/has+過(guò)去分詞。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】

10.Myfatheroften_____tothegymwithmethoughhehaslotsofworktodo.A.went B.hasgone C.goes D.willgo【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：雖然我爸爸有很多工作要做，但他經(jīng)常和我一起去健身房?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。由often“經(jīng)?！笨芍渥訒r(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，gotothegym“去健身房”，主語(yǔ)Myfather是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故選C。11.The24thWinterOlympicGames______inBeijingandZhangjiakouin2022.A.holds B.isheld C.willhold D.willbeheld【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：在2022年第24屆冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)將在北京和張家口舉行。根據(jù)in2022可知此處用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)The24thWinterOlympicGames與謂語(yǔ)hold之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故為willbeheld。故選D。12.—Canyoutellme_____nextSunday?—Bytrain.A.howwewillgotoShanghai B.howdidwegotoShanghaiC.howwewenttoShanghai D.howwillwegotoShanghai【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我下星期天我們?cè)趺慈ド虾?？——坐火車?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“nextFriday”可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)用陳述句語(yǔ)序。故選A。二、完形填空閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。FrompapertopianoIwas11yearsoldwhenIaskedmymomforpianolessonsin2010.Wewerepoor,soshesaidapolite“no”.Thatdidn’t___13___me.IGoogledthemeasurementsforakeyboard,drewthekeysonapieceofpaperandstuckitonmydesk.Iwouldclicknotesonanonlinekeyboardand“play”thembackonmypaperone—keepingthesoundtheymadeonthecomputerinmyhead.Ispentsixmonthsplayingwithouttouchingarealpiano.OncemymomsawthatIwas___14___,sheborrowedmoneyandboughtme10lessons.Istillrememberthefirstone.Iwasstruckbyhowrealthesoundofthepianowas.I___15___mygradeoneaftereightlessons.OnceIstartedsecondaryschool,wecouldn’taffordlessonsagain.Ipassedgradethree,thengradefive,practicingonlyonmy___16___.Oneevening,whenIwasabout13,mymomsaidshehadasurpriseforme;itwasanelectronickeyboardboughtwithmoreborrowedmoney.ItwasthefirsttimeI’d___17___forher.Shewasinshock.Myschooldidn’toffermusicA-level.IfoundthePurcellSchoolforyoungmusicians,butthetryouts(選拔)weredifficult.Tomyamazement,Iwasofferedaplace.AtPurcell,Ispenttwoyearsworkingas___18___asIcould.Iperformedtoraisemoneyandsavedenoughtobuymyfirstpiano.WhenIleftPurcell,Iwasawardedtheseniorpianoprizeandsenioracademicmusicprize.IamnowattheGuildhallSchoolinLondon.Ifeelproud:it’sbeen10yearssinceI___19___mypaperpiano,andI’matoneoftheworld’sleadingmusicschools.Thepaperpianohelpedsparkmy___20___abouthowmusicworks,thebuildingblocksthatformthepieces.13.A.surprise B.help C.stop D.shame14.A.serious B.pity C.poor D.caring15.A.failed B.begun C.changed D.sat16.A.book B.piano C.paper D.computer17.A.studied B.played C.thanked D.waited18.A.hard B.nervously C.politely D.fast19.A.searched B.borrowed C.bought D.drew20.A.value B.curiosity C.pride D.confidence【答案】13.C14.A15.D16.C17.B18.A19.D20.B【解析】本文通過(guò)講述作者因?yàn)榧彝ダщy沒(méi)有鋼琴就自己畫(huà)紙鋼琴練習(xí)，后來(lái)通過(guò)自己的努力買了一架鋼琴，還獲得了高級(jí)鋼琴獎(jiǎng)和高級(jí)學(xué)術(shù)音樂(lè)獎(jiǎng)，而且現(xiàn)在在世界領(lǐng)先的音樂(lè)學(xué)校之一的故事，鼓勵(lì)人們要堅(jiān)持自己的夢(mèng)想?！?3題詳解】句意：這并沒(méi)有阻止我。surprise驚奇；help幫助；stop阻止、停止；shame羞恥。根據(jù)下文“IGoogledthemeasurementsforakeyboard,drewthekeysonapieceofpaper…”，可知我讓媽媽給我買鋼琴課，但因?yàn)榧依锔F媽媽沒(méi)有答應(yīng)，但是這并沒(méi)有阻止住我，故選C。【14題詳解】句意：當(dāng)我媽媽看到我是認(rèn)真，她借錢給我買了10節(jié)課。serious認(rèn)真的、嚴(yán)肅的；pity遺憾；poor貧窮的；caring有同情心的。根據(jù)上文“Ispentsixmonthsplayingwithouttouchingarealpiano.”以及下文“sheborrowedmoneyandboughtme10lessons.”可知媽媽看到我是認(rèn)真的，就借錢給我買了10節(jié)課，故選A?！?5題詳解】句意：八節(jié)課以后我參加了一級(jí)水平的考試。failed失?。籦egun開(kāi)始；changed改變；sat考試。根據(jù)后面的“mygradeone”，可知是參加了一級(jí)水平的考試，故選D?！?6題詳解】句意：我通過(guò)了三級(jí)，然后是五級(jí)，只在紙上練習(xí)．book書(shū)；piano鋼琴；paper紙；computer電腦。根據(jù)上文“IGoogledthemeasurementsforakeyboard,drewthekeysonapieceofpaper…”，以及“wecouldn’taffordlessonsagain.”可知，我又負(fù)擔(dān)不起上課的費(fèi)用了，因此應(yīng)是在自己畫(huà)的紙鍵盤上練習(xí)，故選C。【17題詳解】句意：這是我第一次為她演奏。studied學(xué)習(xí)；played彈奏；thanked感謝；waited等待。根據(jù)上文“itwasanelectronickeyboardboughtwithmoreborrowedmoney.”媽媽借錢給我買了一個(gè)電子鍵盤，結(jié)合“ItwasthefirsttimeI’d…forher.”可知是我第一次為媽媽用電子鍵盤演奏，故選B。【18題詳解】句意：我花了兩年時(shí)間盡可能地努力工作。hard努力地；nervously緊張地；politely禮貌地；fast迅速地。根據(jù)下文“Iperformedtoraisemoneyandsavedenoughtobuymyfirstpiano.”我通過(guò)表演來(lái)籌集資金，攢夠了錢買了我的第一架鋼琴，可知為了籌錢買鋼琴，我應(yīng)是盡可能努力地工作，故選A?！?9題詳解】句意：我畫(huà)的紙鋼琴已經(jīng)十年了。searched搜索；borrowed借；bought買；drew畫(huà)。聯(lián)系上文語(yǔ)境，結(jié)合“it’sbeen10yearssinceI…mypaperpiano”和“IGoogledthemeasurementsforakeyboard,drewthekeysonapieceofpaperandstuckitonmydesk.”可知是我畫(huà)的紙鋼琴已經(jīng)十年了，故選D?！?0題詳解】句意：紙鋼琴激發(fā)了我對(duì)音樂(lè)創(chuàng)作以及樂(lè)曲構(gòu)成的熱情。value價(jià)值；curiosity好奇；pride自豪；confidence信心。根據(jù)“Thepaperpianohelpedsparkmy…abouthowmusicworks…”，可知是紙鋼琴激發(fā)了我對(duì)音樂(lè)創(chuàng)作的好奇心，故選B。閱讀理解三、閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。AMountainsaremorethan500meterstallandit’snoteasyforplantstoliveonthem.Thewindisstrong.Thesoilisthinandrocky.Whichplantscanlivethere?Comeandseesomeofthem.Firsareevergreentrees.Theyalwayshavegreenleaves.Theirleaveslooklikeneedles.Firsarelargetrees.Theycanbe20to80meterstall.Theirtrunkcanbe0.5to4meterswide.InmanycountriesinEurope,peopleusefirsasChristmastrees.Cushionplantslooklikeasmallcushion(墊子).Theygrowtogetherandtheyarelessthan30cmtall.Buttheycanbe3meterswide.Manyotherplantsliveunderthem.Cushionplantskeepthecoldaway.Theymakethesoilinsidesoftandwet.Inthisway,cushionplantshelpotherplantssurvive.Snowlotusesliveatelevationsrangingfrom2,400to4,000meters.Theclimatethereiscold.Italwayssnowsandtheairisthin.Mostplantswilldie.Butthesnowlotusesgrowwell.Theycanbe15to35cmtall.Peopleusetheminmedicine.Saxifragesareevergreen.Theyhavestar-shapedflowers.Mostsaxifragesareverysmall—lessthan12cmtall.Theygrowveryslowlyincoldenvironments.Saxifragescanlivebothinthemountainsandinyourgarden,yettheyarenotresistant(耐受的)tohightemperatures.21._______canbeusedinmedicine.A.Firs B.Cushionplants C.Snowlotuses D.Saxifrages22.Saxifragesare_______.A.20to80cmtall B.morethan30cmtallC.15to35cmtall D.lessthan12cmtall23.Whatdoweknowaboutcushionplants?A.Peopleplanttheminsoftandwetsoil.B.PeopleusethemasChristmasdecoration.C.Theycanprotecttheplantsunderthemfromthecold.D.Theycanlivebothinthemountainsandinyourgarden.【答案】21.C22.D23.C【解析】高山上植物很難生存，土壤薄而多巖石，在這種條件下，有部分植物可以生存。本文主要介紹了冷杉、墊形植物、雪蓮和虎耳草?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第三行“Snowlotusesliveatelevationsrangingfrom2,400to4,000meters....Peopleusetheminmedicine.”可知雪蓮可以入藥。故選C。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格最后一行“Mostsaxifragesareverysmall—lessthan12cmtall.”可知虎耳高度草低于12厘米。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第二行“Manyotherplantsliveunderthem.Cushionplantskeepthecoldaway.…Inthisway,cushionplantshelpotherplantssurvive.”可知墊形植物防寒，它們可以保護(hù)在其下生長(zhǎng)的植物不受凍。故選C。BWhatcanyoudotohelpout?Onewintermorning,TapiwaChiwewewasdrivingtoworkinJohannesburg,SouthAfrica.Henoticedahaze(薄霧)hangingoverthecityanditdidn’ttakelongforhimtorealizethatitwasanenormouscloudofairpollution.Atthatmoment,Chiwewewantedtodosomethingaboutit,butdidn’tknowwhat.Hewasacomputerengineerandknewlittleaboutenvironmentalscience.Hefirstdidresearchonairpollutionandfoundthatitistheworld’sbiggestenvironmentalhealthrisk.Hedecidedtoworkonitinacooperative(合作的)way.Hetalkedtoscientists,officials,andengineerswhohelpedhimdevelopadeeperunderstandingofthesituation,aswellasanideatoimproveit.Throughyearsofwork,ChiweweandhiscoworkersfromSouthAfricaandChinacreatedanonlineairqualitydecisionsupportsystem.Basedonhistoricalandreal-timedata,thesystemcanaccuratelypredictairpollutionandairquality,whichcanhelppeoplemakebetterdecisionsabouttheirdailymovements,aswellashelpofficialsbettermanagetheiroperations.Chiwewelearnedanimportantlesson—“alessonweallneedtotakeintoheartifwearetoworktowardsabetterfuture.Evenifyou’renotanexpertinaparticularfield,youroutsideexpertisemayholdthekeytosolvingproblemswithinthatfield,”hesaid.WhatifChiwewehadn’tbotheredtoresearchtheproblemanddosomethingaboutit?Whatifhehadjusthopedthatsomeone,somewhere,wastakingcareofthematter?AsChiwewesaid,“Whynotjustgoaheadanddealwiththeproblemaswellasyoucan,inyourownway?Youmaybepleasantlysurprised.”24.WhatmadeChiwewewanttotakeaction?A.Hedidn’tknowwhatthecloudwas.B.Henoticedairpollutionoverhiscity.C.Hedidn’twanttobeacomputerengineer.D.Hewasanexpertinenvironmentalscience.25.InwhichorderdidChiwewesolvetheproblem?a.Heaskedforexpert’ssuggestions.b.Hecreatedasystemthatworksonline.c.Hedidresearchontheproblem.d.Heallowedotherstousethesystem.A.cabd B.abcd C.cdab D.adbc26.Whatisthepointofthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Weshouldalwayscooperatewithothers.B.Thereisalwayssomethingnewtolearn.C.Expertsneedtodoresearchwhendealingwithproblems.D.Takingactiononyourownisbetterthanwaitingforothers.【答案】24.B25.A26.D【解析】Chiwewe在一個(gè)冬天的早晨，開(kāi)車去南非約翰內(nèi)斯堡上班。他注意到城市上空巨大的空氣污染云，他想做點(diǎn)什么。他首先對(duì)空氣污染做了研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)空氣污染是世界上最大的環(huán)境健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。他征求專家的意見(jiàn),創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)在線空氣質(zhì)量決策支持系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)根據(jù)歷史數(shù)據(jù)和實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)，可以準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)空氣污染和空氣質(zhì)量。文章告訴我們，自己采取行動(dòng)總比等待別人好。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Henoticedahazehangingoverthecityanditdidn’ttakelongforhimtorealizethatitwasanenormouscloudofairpollution”和第二段“Atthatmoment,Chiwewewantedtodosomethingaboutit”可知，Chiwewe注意到他所在城市的空氣污染才采取行動(dòng)。故選B。25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文，Chiwewe解決問(wèn)題的步驟：第二段“Hefirstdidresearchonairpollutionandfoundthatitistheworld’sbiggestenvironmentalhealthrisk”他對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題做了研究；第二段“Hetalkedtoscientists,officials,andengineerswhohelpedhimdevelopadeeperunderstandingofthesituation,aswellasanideatoimproveit.”他征求專家的意見(jiàn)；第三段“Throughyearsofwork,ChiweweandhiscoworkersfromSouthAfricaandChinacreatedanonlineairqualitydecisionsupportsystem”他創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)可以在線運(yùn)行的系統(tǒng)；第三段“Basedonhistoricalandreal-timedata,thesystemcanaccuratelypredictairpollutionandairquality,whichcanhelppeoplemakebetterdecisionsabouttheirdailymovements,aswellashelpofficialsbettermanagetheiroperations”該系統(tǒng)幫助人們更好地決定自己的日常行動(dòng)，也可以幫助官員更好地管理自己的行動(dòng)，可知，他允許別人使用這個(gè)系統(tǒng)。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后2段可知，如果Chiwewe沒(méi)有費(fèi)心去研究這個(gè)問(wèn)題采取行動(dòng)，只是希望有人來(lái)處理這件事，那就不可能在線空氣質(zhì)量決策支持系統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)生。所以，自己采取行動(dòng)總比等待別人好。故選D。CGivingpresentationsisachallenging,butimportantpartofeducation.Apresentationisthekeytomakingyourmessageclear,whetheryouareinanintervieworgivingatalkinfrontoftheclass.Awell-preparedandpracticedpresentationcanimproveyourconfidencedramatically.Onpresentationday,therearesomewaysyoucantaketoensurethatyouperformwell.Practicethepresentation.Beforepresentation,itcanbehelpfultopracticeonyourown.Whileyouarepracticingyourpresentation,doyourbesttoworkonmemorizingwhatyouwanttosay,andwhenyouwanttosayit.Yourpresentationwillbealotbetterifyouaren’tconstantlylookingdownatnotecardsorsearchingapieceofpapertofigureoutwhatyouwanttosaynext.Controlyournerves.Thereareafewthingsyoucandobeforethepresentationtohelpcalmyournerves—manyofwhichyoucanevendorightatyourdesk.Trybreathingdeeply;silentlyrepeatingaffirmations(suchas“Icandothis.I’mgoingtodoagreatjob”);orusingpositivevisualization(imagineyourselfgivingyourpresentationsuccessfullyandknockingitoutofthepark).Thesestrategiescanhelpyousettleyournervesandgointoyourpresentationfeelingcalmandcollected.Speakslowlyandenunciateclearly.Ifyouhavepracticedenough,thisshouldn’tbedifficult;however,somepeopletalktooquicklyandtooquietlywhentheygetnervous.Trytoremindyourselftotalkslowlyandloudlyenoughsoeveryonecanhearyou.Ifyou’reusinganelectronicpresentation,youcanuseeachnewslideasachancetostopforafewsecondsandrecognizewhetheryouarespeakingslowlyandloudlyenoughforeveryonetohear.Engagetheaudience.Whetheryou’vegotaone-on-onetalkoraspeechinfrontof400people,think“storytelling”.Sometimesallittakesisafewsecondstoconnectanaudiencememberwithastory,accordingtoEricEnglish,acommunicationteacherattheUniversityofPittsburghintheUS.Trytolookaroundtheroomandmakeeyecontactwithvariouslistenersforafewseconds.Ifyouareabletomakeeyecontactforafewsecondswithseveraldifferentpeopleoverthecourseofyourpresentation,youwillbegivingtheimpressionthatyouarerelaxedandconfident.Don’tforgettosmile!27.Ifyouwanttogetpeople’sattention,youshould_______.A.preparenotecardswhilegivingpresentationB.takeadeepbreathbeforeyourpresentationC.makeeyecontactwithdifferentlistenersD.considerspeakinginfrontofatrustedfriend28.Theexpression“knockingitoutofthepark”probablymeans“_______”.A.relaxingintheparkB.performingquitewellC.enjoyingthepresentationD.knockingtherocksinthepark29.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.PresentationisimportantforeducationB.PresentationisthekeytosuccessC.HowtogiveabetterpresentationD.Howtomakethepresentationclear【答案】27.C28.B29.C【解析】本文主要介紹演講時(shí)怎樣做得更好。【27題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第5段“Engagetheaudience.…Trytolookaroundtheroomandmakeeyecontactwithvariouslistenersforafewseconds.”可知如果你想引起人們的注意，你應(yīng)該和不同的聽(tīng)眾進(jìn)行眼神交流。故選C。【28題詳解】句意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“usingpositivevisualization(imagineyourselfgivingyourpresentationsuccessfully…使用積極的形象化（想象你成功地完成了你的演講……）”可知此句“knockingitoutofthepark”句意是“表現(xiàn)得十分精彩”。故選B。【29題詳解】標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹演講時(shí)如何做得更好。根據(jù)本文主要內(nèi)容可知本文最佳標(biāo)題是《如何做一個(gè)更好的演講》。故選C。DWeoftenlearnthatmanypeople,especiallywomen,don’tlikethesunshine.Theyareafraidofgettingsunburntandmakingtheirskindeep-colored.Butagrowingbodyofscientificresearchsuggeststhatcompletelyavoidingsunlightisn’tsuchagoodidea.ResearchersatSweden’sKarolinskaInstitutesaythatavoidingthesuncanbeasbadforyouassmoking.Hereiswhyyoushouldsoakup(吸收)somesunshineeveryday.Itpromotesbonegrowth.“VitaminDisahormone(激素)thatpromotescalciumabsorptionandisnecessaryforbonegrowth,”tellsDr.Roizen.SincesunlightisaprimarysourceofVitaminD,thehormoneisalsocalledas“thesunshinevitamin”.“TheVitaminDfoundinourbodyneedsactivation.ThesunhelpstochangeinactiveVitaminDlevelstoactive,”explainsDr.Roizen.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),gettinganywherefrom5to15minutesofsunlightonyourarms,hands,andfacetwiceorthriceaweekisenoughtogetthevitaminD.Itisgoodforyourheart.Peoplearemorelikelytodieofheartdiseaseinwinterthaninsummer.AccordingtoresearchersfromCopenhagenUniversityHospital,thosewiththelowestlevelsofvitaminDare81%morelikelytodieofheartdiseasecomparedwiththosewiththehighestlevelsofthevitamin.Sunexposurecuttheriskofheartattackandstrokebyreducingbloodpressure,accordingtotheresearch.Itmakesyoufeelhappier.“Wealwaysfeelbetterwhenthesunisshining,butisnotonrainyorcloudydays.”saysEmmaDerbyshire,publichealthnutritionistandspokeswomanforHealthandFoodSupplementsInformationService.Thesunworksthroughanumberofreceptorsinthebraintoaffectourmentalstatus(精神狀態(tài)).Moderatesunlightexposurehelpsimproveyourmoodandfocusbyboostingtheserotonin(血清素)levels,whichknownasthe“happinesshormone”.“Atestfoundthatsafesunexposurecanactuallyhelptreatdepressive(抑郁的)symptoms,”saysEmma.Inaddition,a2017studypublishedintheJournalofHumanResourcesfoundthatstudentswhogetmoresunlighteverydayperformbetterintests.Tosoakupmoderatesunlighteverydayisimportantforus.Butifyou’regoingtobeoutsideformorethan15minutes,it’sagoodideatoprotectyourskin.Youcandothatbyapplyingsunscreenorwearingaprotectivehatandshirtcanalsohelp.30.Accordingtothetext,womendislikethesunlightbecause_______.A.theyareafraidofbeingsunburntB.thesunisbadforeyesC.it’smorelikelytohaveskincancerD.theyfeelunhappy31.Accordingtothepassage,Dr.Roizenprobablyagrees_______.A.sunlighthelpsimprovevitaminDlevelsinourbodiesB.sunlighthelpsloweryourbloodpressurelevelsC.sunlightcanproducehappyhormoneD.sunlightcanbebadforusassmoking32.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Themorewesoakupthesunshine,thebetter.B.Sunlightdecreasestheriskofdepression.C.Peoplefeelbetterinrainyorcloudydays.D.Sunlighthelpsstudentsgetgoodgradesintest.33.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Todiscussourproblemsofavoidingsunlight.B.Tointroducesomewaysofenjoyingthesunlight.C.Toexplainwhysunlightisgoodforus.D.Toshareresearchers’ideasonsunlight.【答案】30.A31.A32.B33.C【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了曬太陽(yáng)對(duì)人的身體健康有好處的幾個(gè)方面?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theyareafraidofgettingsunburntandmakingtheirskindeep-colored.”可知她們害怕曬傷。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“sunlightisaprimarysourceofVitaminD”以及“ThesunhelpstochangeinactiveVitaminDlevelstoactive”可知陽(yáng)光幫助把不活躍的維生素D變成活躍的，提高維生素D的水平。故選A?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“safesunexposurecanactuallyhelptreatdepressive(抑郁的)symptoms,”可知曬太陽(yáng)能夠幫助減少抑郁癥狀，減少抑郁的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。本文重點(diǎn)講解了曬太陽(yáng)在各個(gè)方面對(duì)人的身體健康的好處，比如對(duì)骨頭的生長(zhǎng)或者心臟等，主旨應(yīng)是解釋“為什么太陽(yáng)對(duì)我們有好處”。故選C。四、閱讀短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。Studyacalendar.Itlookssimpleandorderly.Butacalendarismoreofamathematicalpuzzlethanyoumightguess.Thecalendarweusetodayhasgonethroughcenturiesofchanges.Formillennia,peoplewatchedtheseasons,sun,moon,andstarstohelpthemkeeptrackoftimepassing.AncientpeopledidnotknowthatEarthorbits(沿軌道運(yùn)行)thesunaboutevery365.25days.Theytriedtotracktheyearbycountingthefullmoons.Eachyearhad12fullmoons.Twelvemoons,ormonths,madeonelunaryear.CalendarsinBabylonusedalunaryear.Twelvemonthsaddeduptoonly354days.Thatmadethelunaryear11daystooshort.Asyearswentby,themonthsandtheseasonsnolongermatchedup.PeopleinancientEgyptcameupwithasolarcalendarof365days.TheyobservedthatSirius,theDogStar,appearedneartherisingsunevery365days.Soonafterthat,theNileRiverwouldrise.TheylookedforwardtothefloodingoftheNile,becauseitbroughtgoodthings.Therichsoilleftbyfloodwaterswasgoodforplanting.TheancientRomansusedacalendarof10months.BecauseaRomanyearwasonly304days,itseemedtoalwaysbeoutofstepwiththeseasons.Holidaysshowedupatthewrongtimeofyear.ARomanrulernamedJuliusCaesarorderedachange.Hecreatedacalendarwith12months,each30or31dayslong.Headdedanextradayeveryfouryearstokeepthingsontrack.Thiscalendarwasusedformorethanamillennium.Butbytheendofthe16thcentury,itwastendaysoutofstep.PopeGregoryXIIIcreatedtoday’scalendarin1582.Hesetnewmathematicalrulesforkeepingthecalendarinstepwiththeseasons.Today,theGregoriancalendarisusedalmosteverywhereintheworld.34.HowlongdoestheEarthorbitthesun?___________________________________________________________35.WhydidpeopleinancientEgyptlookforwardtothefloodingoftheNile?___________________________________________________________36.Whocreatedacalendarwith12monthsinancientRomans?___________________________________________________________37.Whenwastoday’scalendarcreated?___________________________________________________________38.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?___________________________________________________________【答案】34.About365.25days.35.Becauseitbroughttherichsoilwhichwasgoodforplanting.36.JuliusCaesar.37.Itwascreatedin1582.38.It’saboutthehistoryofcalendar.【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了日歷發(fā)展的歷史?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Earthorbits(沿軌道運(yùn)行)thesunaboutevery365.25days”可知，地球大約每365.25天繞太陽(yáng)一周，故填A(yù)bout365.25days.【35題詳解】根據(jù)文章第四段中“Theylookedforwardtothef