中醫(yī)英語重點

第一單元（一）將下列中醫(yī)用語翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish1．中國醫(yī)藥學(xué)traditionalChinesemedicine;TCM2．中醫(yī)基礎(chǔ)理論basictheoryoftraditionalChinesemedicine3．臨床經(jīng)驗clinicalexperience4．辨證論治treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation5．本草materiamedica16．醫(yī)療實踐medicalpractice17．治療原則therapeuticprinciples18．寒涼藥物herbscoldandcoolinnature19．滋陰降火nourishingyintoreducefire20．瘀血致病diseasescausedbybloodstagnation（二）將下列句子翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．中國醫(yī)藥學(xué)有數(shù)前年的歷史，是中國人民長期同疾病作斗爭的經(jīng)驗總結(jié)。TCM,amedicalsystemwithahistoryofthousandsofyearsisthesummaryoftheexperienceoftheChinesepeopleaccumulatingintheirstruggleagainstdisease.2．中醫(yī)學(xué)在古代唯物論和辯證法思想的影響和指導(dǎo)下，通過長期的醫(yī)療實踐，逐步形成并發(fā)展成為獨特的醫(yī)學(xué)理論體系。Undertheguidanceofclassicmaterialismanddialectics,TCMhaseventuallyevolvedintoauniquemedicalsystemthroughlongtermmedicalpractice.3．中醫(yī)學(xué)是研究人體生理、病理以及疾病的診斷和防治的一門科學(xué)。TCMisasciencefocusingonthestudyofphysiologyandpathologyaswellasdiagnosis,preventionandtreatmentofdiseases.4．《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》總結(jié)了春秋戰(zhàn)國以來的醫(yī)療成就和治療經(jīng)驗，確立了中醫(yī)學(xué)的獨特的理論體系，成為中醫(yī)藥學(xué)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)。HuangdiNeijing(Huangdi’sCanonofMedicine)hassummedupthemedicalachievementsandclinicalexperiencessincethespring-autumnperiodandwarringstates,establishingtheuniquetheoreticalsystemofTCMandlayingthefoundationforthedevelopmentofTCM.5．《難經(jīng)》內(nèi)容十分豐富，補充了《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》的不足，成為后世指導(dǎo)臨床實踐的理論基礎(chǔ)。NanJingisrichincontent,supplementingwhatHuangdi’sCanonofMedicinelacksandservingasthetheoreticalbasisfortheclinicalpracticeofthelattergenerations.第二單元（一）將下列中醫(yī)用語翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish1．先天之精innateessence2．氣的運動變化motionandvariationofQi3．形與神俱inseparationofthebodyandspirit4．神明thespirit/mentalactivity5．臟腑zang-organsandfu-organs6．功能活動functionalactivities7．形神統(tǒng)一theunityofphysicandspirit8．陰陽失調(diào)imbalanceofyinandyang9．正邪相爭combatbetweenhealthyqiandpathogenicactors10．治未病preventionofdisease11．調(diào)養(yǎng)cultivation/healthcare12．正氣healthyqi/vitalqi13．病邪pathogenicfactors14．疾病的防治preventionandtreatmentofdiseases15．整體觀念theconceptionoforganicwholeness16．疾病的本質(zhì)與現(xiàn)象thenatureandmanifestationofdisease17．陰陽的相對平衡therelativebalanceofyinandyang18．疾病的發(fā)生與發(fā)展theoccurrenceanddevelopmentofdisease19．同病異治treatingthesamediseasewithdifferenttherapies20．異病同治treatingdifferentdiseaseswiththesametherapy（二）將下列句子翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．中醫(yī)學(xué)在其形成過程中受到了古代唯物論和辯證法思想的深刻影響。Inthelongcourseofitsdevelopmentandpractice,traditionalChinesemedicinehasbeenundertheinfluenceofclassicalChinesematerialismanddialectics.2．中醫(yī)學(xué)認為世界是物質(zhì)的，是陰陽二氣相互作用的結(jié)果。TCMholdsthattheworldinwhichweliveismaterialandistheresultoftheinteractionbetweenyinandyang.3．天地合氣，命之曰人。Theexistenceofhumanbeingsdependsontheinteractionbetweenthecelestialqiandterrestrialqi.4．中醫(yī)學(xué)認為精氣是生命的本原物質(zhì)，這種精氣先身而生，具有遺傳性。AccordingtoTCM,jingqiistheessentialsubstanceforlifewhichexistspriortotheformationofthebodyandishereditary.5．父母之精氣相合，形成胚胎發(fā)育的原始物質(zhì)。Thecombinationoftheparentalessenceistheprimarysubstancefortheformationoffetus.第三單元（一）將下列中醫(yī)用語翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish1．五臟fivezang-organs2．六腑sixfu-organs3．經(jīng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)thesystemofmeridianandcollateralls4．形神統(tǒng)一thesystemofbodyandspirit5．有機整體organicwholeness6．表里關(guān)系interiorandexteriorrelation7．開竅openinginto8．生長化收藏generate/sprout;growth;transformation;reapness/ripeness;storage9．脈象pulsemanifestation10．邪正關(guān)系therelationshipofpathogenicfactorsandhealthyqi（二）將下列句子翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．中醫(yī)理論體系的基本特點是整體觀念和辨證論治。TCMischaracterizedbytheconceptoforganicwholenessandtreatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation.2．中醫(yī)學(xué)認為人體是一個有機的整體。TraditionChinesemedicineholdsthatthehumanbodyisanorganicwhole.3．人體各個組成部分在功能上相互為用，在病理上相互影響。Thecomponentsofhumanbodyfunctionallydependoneachotherandpathologicallyaffecteachother.4．整體觀念貫穿于中醫(yī)生理、病理、診法、辨證和治療的各個方面。TheconceptofholismpermeatesthroughallthefieldsinTCM,includingphysiology,pathology,diagnosis,syndromedifferentiationandtreatment.5．人體某一局部區(qū)域內(nèi)的病理變化往往與全身臟腑、氣血、陰陽的盛衰有關(guān)。Thepathologicalchangesincertainpartorregionofthehumanbodyareusuallyrelatedtotheconditionsofviscera,qiandbloodaswellasyinandyanginthewholebody.13．辨證論治是中醫(yī)認識疾病和治療疾病的基本原則，也是中醫(yī)的基本特點之一。TreatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiationisabasicprincipleforunderstandingandtreatingdiseaseinTCMandalsooneofthebasiccharacteristicsofTCM.14．證是機體在疾病發(fā)展過程中的某一階段的病理概括。Syndromeisapathologicalgeneralizationofadiseaseatacertainstageinitscourseofdevelopment.15．辨證和論治是診治疾病過程中相互聯(lián)系不可分割的兩個方面。Syndromedifferentiationanddiseasetreatmentaretwoinseparablepartsindiagnosingandtreatingdisease.16．中醫(yī)認識并治療疾病，是既辨病又辨證。TCMemphasizesonbothdiseasedifferentiationandsyndromedifferentiationforunderstandingandtreatingdisease.第四單元（一）將下列中醫(yī)用語翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish6．相互轉(zhuǎn)化mutualtransformation7．相互聯(lián)系interrelation/interconnect8．相互制約inter/mutualrestraint9．動態(tài)平衡dynamicbalance10．陰平陽秘yinandyanginequilibrium（二）將下列句子翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．陰陽是中國古代這些的一對范疇。YinandyangaretwocategoriesinclassicalChinesephilosophy.2．陰陽的對立和消長是宇宙的基本規(guī)律。Theoppositionandwaning-waxingofyinandyangarethebasiclawintheuniverse.3．陰陽是自然界相互關(guān)聯(lián)的某些事物和現(xiàn)象對立雙方的概括。Yinandyangaresummaryoftwooppositeaspectsofinterrelatedthingsorphenomenainthenaturalworld.4．世界是物質(zhì)性的整體，是陰陽二氣對立統(tǒng)一的結(jié)果。Theworldistheunityofsubstanceinthenatureandtheresultoftheunityandoppositionbetweenyinandyang.5．宇宙間一切事物的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和變化都是陰陽對立統(tǒng)一矛盾運動的結(jié)果。Theoccurrence,developmentandchangesofallthingsintheuniverseresultfromtheunityandoppositionbetweenyinandyang.第五單元（一）將下列中醫(yī)用語翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish1．生理功能physiologicalfunction2．病理變化pathologicalchanges3．臨床診斷clinicaldiagnosis4．有機整體organicwholeness5．正邪斗爭strugglebetweenhealthyqiandpathogenicfactors（二）將下列句子翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．人生有形，不離陰陽。Manhasaphysicalshapewhichisinseparablefromyinandyang.2．對于人體的生理功能，中醫(yī)學(xué)也是用陰陽學(xué)說加以概括說明。ThetheoryofyinandyangintraditionalChinesemedicineservestoexplainthephysiologicalfunctionofthehumanbody.3．功能屬于陽，物質(zhì)屬于陰。Thefunctionpertainstoyangwhilemattertoyin.4．如果陰陽不能相互為用而分離，人的生命也就終止了。Theseparationofyinandyangleadstotheendoflife.5．陰陽的協(xié)調(diào)平衡是健康的表現(xiàn)。Thebalanceandharmonybetweenyinandyangarethemanifestationofthehealth.第六單元（一）將下列中醫(yī)用語翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish1．五行學(xué)說thetheoryoffiveelements2．運動變化movementandchangement3．條達舒暢freedevelopment4．相生相克inter-generationandinter-restrictionMutualgenerationandmutualrestriction5．“生我”“我生”tobegeneratedandtogeneratebeinggeneratedandgeneration（二）將下列句子翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．木、火、土、金、水是不可缺少的物種最基本的物質(zhì)。Thewood,fire,earth,metalandwaterarethemostessentialandindispensablematerials.2．任何事物都不是孤立的、靜止的，而是在不斷的相生、相克的運動中維持著協(xié)調(diào)平衡。Nothingissolitaryandstatic.Infacteverythingintheuniversemaintainsharmonicbalancethroughconstantmutualgenerationandrestriction.3．中醫(yī)理論體系在形成過程中，受到古代五行學(xué)說的深刻影響。Initscourseofdevelopment,thetheoreticalsystemofTCMhasbeenundertheinfluenceoftheclassicaltheoryoffiveelement.4．五行理論主要用以分析各種事物的五行屬性和研究事物之間相互聯(lián)系的基本法則。Thetheoryoffiveelementsismainlyusedtoexplainthepropertiesofvariousthingsaccordingtofiveelementsandstudythebasiclawoftheinterrelationshipbetweendifferentthings.5．水具有滋潤和向下的特性Waterischaracterizedbymoistenanddownwardflowing.11．腎主水而歸屬于水。Sincethekidneyservestoregulatewater,itpertainstowater.12．相生是指一事物對另一事物具有促進、助長和資生的作用。Generationmeansthatonethingpromotes,strengthensorbringforthanother.13．相克是指一事物對另一事物的生長和功能具有抑制和制約的作用。Restrictionmeansthatonethinginhibitsandrestrainsthegrowthandfunctionsofanother.14．事物之間的相生相克關(guān)系維持了自然界的生態(tài)平生和人體的生理平衡。Themutualgenerationandrestraintbetweenthingshelpmaintainecologicalbalanceinnatureandphysiologicalbalanceinthehumanbody.15．木生火，“生我”者為木；火生土，“我生”者為土。Withanalogy,theyclassifiedalltheseintoaccordingtotheirnature,functionandform.第七單元（一）將下列中醫(yī)用語翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish1．傳變transmissionandchange2．母病及子disorderofthemother-organinvolvingthechild-organ3．子病犯母disorderofthechild-organaffectingthemother-organ4．肝腎精血不足insufficiencyofessenceandbloodintheliverandkidney5．肝陽上亢hyperactivityofliveryang（二）將下列句子翻譯成英語TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．五行學(xué)說以五行的特性來說明五臟的生理功能。Thetheoryoffiveelementsisusedtoexplainthephysiologicalfunctionofthefivezang-organsaccordingtothepropertiesofthefiveelements.2．心陽有溫煦之功能，故以心屬火。Theheart