高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)小題強(qiáng)化練習(xí)專題09名詞性從句（含解析）

專題09名詞性從句限時(shí)：（35分鐘）（基礎(chǔ)題）Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-started________wastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Itiscalculated________Europeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshow________they’reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater..Thisabilitytorecognize________ashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan“allocentricframeofreference.Someofthehoney,andthewax,alwaysfallstotheground,andthisis________thehoneyguidetakesitsshare.It’sjaw-dropping________muchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from“ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.Acomputersystemwillanalyzethevideotodetermine________acowissick.Radiotags(標(biāo)簽)ontheanimalswillmeasuretemperaturechanges.Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstand________othersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.Therealization________thisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.Icouldhavemadesixsaladswith________Ithrewout.Itisourhope________incomingdecades,advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives(視角)fromwhichtostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.Thenextstepaccordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkout________thecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(線索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.Ihadnoideaabout________I’dfindthereandIwasn’tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity’sofficialhistorian,toldme________initsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.Writeapoemabout________courage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.________peopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome3000years,andtheChinesemorestill.Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularview________allhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago.Icounttwelveshadesofgreenfrom________Istand.Forthefirstfewdays,Kynanwasalwaysabitdisappointed________thecubsweren'tthere.Soon,however,theyrealized________theyhadundertaken.There’sawelcomefamiliarity—butalsosometimesaslightsuspicion________timehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooksdon’tchange,peopledo.Andthat’s________makestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.Thedeadlinesand________youneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossibleandheadedhometosee________newsthenightmightbring.TheIntelligentTransportteamatNewcastleUniversityhaveturnedanelectriccarintoamobilelaboratorynamed“DriveLAB”inordertounderstandthechallengesfacedbyolderdriversandtodiscover________thekeystresspointsare.WhatI’mhopingtoaccomplishis________mygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwriteanymore.IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcourier.SinceMarch2012,I’vedone89trips—ofthose,51havebeenabroad,Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干細(xì)胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI’vegottwoicepacksandthat’s________longtheylast.Withitsfocusdivided,thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureabout________todonext.HeandIbothknew________thedealwas,andwedidn’ttalkaboutit.IfIhadtomakejustonerecommendationfor________tostayinRome,itwouldbeYellowHostel.But________beganasnothingimportantinpublicaffairshasgrownintoasocialmovement.Youprobablyknow________MarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,________doyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?Whatdoyoudoforaliving?",you'llbeabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationoutof________itisyou'retalkingto.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipson________toreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.Thegroundflooroftheforestisnotalltangledleavesandbushes,likeinfilms,butisactuallyfairlyclear.Itis________deadleavesturnintofoodforthetreesandotherforestlife.Also,ask________kindofworkshopsandeducationalprogramsarepreparedforkidsandanyspecialeventsthatarecomingup.WhenSpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,theywerelearning________toopendoorsandjumpfences,andweknewitreallywastimeforthemtogo.Membersleavebooksonparkbenchesandbuses,intrainstationsandcoffeeshops.________findstheirbookwillgotothesiteandrecordwheretheyfoundit.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction(干擾)inhisopenoffice,hesaid,“That’s_______Ihaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIcanfocus."Key:1.what2.that3.whether/if4.that5.when6.how7.whether/if8.how9.that10.what11.that12.whether13.what14.that15.how16.What17.that18.where19.that20.what21.that;what22.what23.what24.where25.that26.how27.what28.what29.where30.what31.who32.what33.whomever34.how35.where36.what37.how38.Whoever39.why（能力題）(2021新高考一卷)_______issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.(2019全國一卷)ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidencetheyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.(2018·11月浙江高考)Itispossible________caffeinemaycausebirthdefects(缺陷)inhumans,too.(2017·天津高考改編)Sheaskedme________Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn't.(2016·北京高考改編)Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis________onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.(2016·天津高考改編)Themanagerputforwardasuggestion________weshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.(2016·江蘇高考改編)Itisoftenthecase________anythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)I'mnotsure________ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.(2018·北京高考改編)Thisis________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.(2018·北京高考改編)Withouthissupport,wewouldn'tbe________wearenow.(2018·天津高考改編)Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedto________winsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.(2018·江蘇高考改編)Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichis________wearrived.(2017·北京高考改編)Everyyear,________makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.(2017·北京高考)Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowing________shewasheading.(2017·江蘇高考改編)Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof________itusedtocharge.(2016·北京高考改編)Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.________youcandohelps.(2015·全國卷Ⅱ)Asnaturalarchitects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly________thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.(2014·廣東高考)Ididn'tunderstand________thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeenchargedforthereservation.答案：解析：what分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，從句為主語從句，缺少主語，指代事物內(nèi)容，故答案為what。解析：that分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，空格處引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)同位語從句，且在從句中不做任何成分，只起到連接作用，無意義，故答案為that。解析：that分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，it作形式主語，that從句為真正的主語。解析：whether/if句意：她問我是否已經(jīng)把書還給圖書館了，我承認(rèn)說我還沒有還。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用；又根據(jù)句意可知此處表示“是否”，故用whether或if引導(dǎo)賓語從句。解析：that句意：雨季最令人高興的事情就是人們可以完全遠(yuǎn)離灰塵。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句包含一個(gè)表語從句，且表語從句中句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，故使用that引導(dǎo)表語從句，that在表語從句中不作句子成分，只起連接作用。解析：that句意：經(jīng)理提出了一個(gè)建議，我們應(yīng)該有一個(gè)助手。工作太多了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)同位語從句，解釋說明suggestion的具體內(nèi)容，故填that。解析：that句意：通常情況下，對于那些堅(jiān)持希望的人來說，一切皆有可能?？仗幰龑?dǎo)主語從句，從句中不缺少任何成分且意思完整，故使用that引導(dǎo)。解析：who分析句子成分，空格處作從句的主語，根據(jù)后面的“meorthefemalegorilla”可知，作者把自己和大猩猩作對比，表示“我不知道我和大猩猩誰更害怕”，故填who。解析：what句意：這就是父親教給我的——永遠(yuǎn)面對困難并且寄予最大的希望。表語從句中動(dòng)詞taught缺少直接賓語，且表示“……的東西”，故填what。解析：where句意：要是沒有他的幫助，我們就不會(huì)是現(xiàn)在的情形了?？仗幰龑?dǎo)表語從句，表示的是具有抽象意義的地點(diǎn)，故用where引導(dǎo)。解析：whoever句意：這塊金牌將頒發(fā)給在這場自行車比賽中獲得第一名的人。從句中缺主語且表示“人”，因此填whoever引導(dǎo)賓語從句并在從句中作主語。解析：how句意：坐船是到達(dá)這里唯一的方式，我們就是這樣來的。how引導(dǎo)表語從句，表示方式。解析：whoever句意：每年，在風(fēng)箏節(jié)上，制作出最漂亮風(fēng)箏的人將會(huì)獲獎(jiǎng)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知，主語從句中缺少表示人的主語，故填whoever。解析：where句意：簡在綠樹成蔭的街道漫無目的地走著，不知道她要去哪里。本句考查名詞性從句中的賓語從句，根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，賓語從句中缺少表示地點(diǎn)的連詞，故填where。解析：what句意：我們選擇這家賓館是因?yàn)檫@里住一晚上的價(jià)格降到了20美元，這是它以前要價(jià)的一半。此處考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，在of后面what既引導(dǎo)賓語從句，又在從句中作charge的賓語。解析：Whatever句意：你們的支持對我們的工作很重要，你們做的任何事情都有幫助。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)可知，whatever引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，主語從句中缺少謂語動(dòng)詞do的賓語，表示事物，故用Whatever引導(dǎo)。解析：how分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處是一個(gè)賓語從句?？崭窈蟮膖hick為形容詞，因此空格處應(yīng)用副詞，故填how。解析：why根據(jù)語境可知，“我”不知道/不明白為什么會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事情。不明白的一定是原因，故用why引導(dǎo)賓語從句。（真題/新題）模塊綜合練09（2022年1月（浙江卷））一、閱讀理解Fornearlyadecadenow,Merebethhasbeenaself-employedpettransportspecialist.Herpettransportjobwasbornofthefinancialcrisis（危機(jī)）inthelate2000s.Thedownturnhittherealestate（房地產(chǎn)）firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbrokeandleftherlookingforanewjob.Oneday,whiledrivingnearherhome,shesawadogwanderingontheroad,clearlylost.Shetookithome,andhersisterinDenveragreedtotakeit.Thiswasalovinghomeforsure,but1,600milesaway.Itdidn'ttakelongforMerebethtodecidetodrivethedogthereherself.Itwasherfirstroadtriptohernewjob.Merebeth'spetdeliveryservicealsosatisfiesherwanderlust.IthastakenhertoeverystateintheUSexceptMontana,WashingtonandOregon,shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace,shewillsimplyfindapetwithtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.Shehasdriventhrough55mphwindsinWyoming,heavyfloodingandstormsinAlabamaandtotalwhiteoutconditionsinKansas.Thiswanderlustisinheritedfromherfather,shesays.ShemovedtheirfamilyfromCanadatoCaliforniawhenshewasoneyearold,becausehewantedthemtoexploreanewplacetogether.AssoonasshegraduatedfromhighschoolshelefthometoliveonCatalinaIslandofftheCaliforniancoast,awayfromherparents,wheresheenjoyedalifeofsailingandoff-roadbiking.Itturnsoutthatpettransportingpaysquitewellatabout$30,000peryearbeforetax.Shedoesn'tworkinsummer,asitwouldbeunpleasantlyhotfortheanimalsinthecar,evenwithairconditioning.Asautumncomes,shegetsrestless—thesameoldwanderlustreturning.It'sacallshemustheedalone,though.Merebethsays,"WhenIamontheroad,I'mjustinmyownworld.I'vealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImushhelpanimals.*'1．WhydidMerebethchangedherjob?A．Shewantedtoworknearherhome.B．Shewastiredofworkingintheoffice.C．HersisteraskedhertomovetoDenver.D．Herformeremployerwasoutofbusiness.2．Theword"wanderlust"inparagraph2meansadesireto_________?A．makemoney. B．tryvariousjobs.C．beclosetonature. D．traveltodifferentplaces.3．WhatcanwelearnaboutMerebethinhernewjob?A．Shehaschancestoseerareanimals.B．Sheworkshardthroughouttheyear.C．Shereliesonherselfthewholetime.D．Sheearnsabasicandtax-freesalary.TheUnitedStatesrosetoglobalpoweronthestrengthofitstechnology,andthelifebloodthattechnologyhaslongbeenelectricity.Byprovidinglong-distancecommunicationandenergy,electricitycreatedthemodemworld.Yetproperlyunderstood,theageofelectricityismerelythesecondstageintheageofsteam,whichbeganacenturyearlier."Itiscuriousthatnoonehasputtogetherahistoryofboththesteamandelectricrevolutions."writesMauryKleininhisbookThePowerMakers,Steam,Electricity,andtheMenInventedModemAmerica.Klein,anotedhistorianoftechnology,spinsanarrativesolivelythatattimesitreadslikeanovel.Thestorybeginsinthelastyearsofthe18thcenturyinScotland,whereWattperfected"themachinethatchangedtheworld".Kleinwrites,"Americadidnotinventthesteamengine,butoncetheygraspeditspasswordstheyputittomoreusesthananyoneelse."Meanwhile,overthecourseof19thcentury,electricitywentfrommerecuriositytoabasicnecessity.Morseinventedacodeforsendingmessagesoveranelectromagneticcircuit.Bellthengavethetelegraphavoice.EdisonperfectedanincandescentbullsthatbroughtelectriclightintotheAmericanhome.Mostimportantly,Edisonrealizedthatsuccessdependedonmasselectrification,whichheshowedinNewYorkCity.WithhelpfromTesla,Westinghouse'sfirmdevelopedasystemusingalternatingcurrent,whichsoonbecamethemajorformsofpowerdelivery.Toframehisstory,KleincreatesthecharacterofNed,afictionalwitnesstotheprogressbroughtaboutbythesteamsandelectricrevolutionsinAmericaduringoneman'slifetime.It'satechniquethathelpsturnalongnarrativeintoaninterestingone.4．WhatisKlein'sunderstandingoftheageofelectricity?A．Itiscloselylinkedtothesteamage.B．Itbeganearlierthanproperthought.C．Itisalittle-studiedperiodofhistory.D．Itwillcometoanendsoonerorlater.5．WhatcanbeinferredaboutNed?A．HewasborninNewYorkCity. B．Hewrotemanyincreasingstories,C．Hecreatedanelectricitycompany. D．Helivedmainlyinthe19thcentury.6．Whatisthetext?A．Abiography. B．Abookreview. C．Ashortstory. D．Asciencereport.Thebenefitsofregularexercisearewelldocumentedbutthere’sanewbonustoaddtotheever-growinglist.Newresearchersfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhowerephysicallyfitcouldbenearly90percentlesslikelytodevelopdementiainlaterlife,andastheydid,itcameonadecadelaterthanlesssportywomen.LeadresearcherDr.HelenaHorder,oftheUniversityofGothenburginSweden,said:"Thesefindingsareexcitingbecauseit’spossiblethatimprovingpeople'scardiovascular（心血管的）fitnessinmiddleagecoulddelayorevenpreventthemfromdevelopingdementia."Forthestudy,191womenwithanaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheywereexhaustedtomeasuretheirpeak（最大值的）cardiovascularcapacity.Theaveragepeakworkloadwasmeasuredat103watts.Atotalof40womenmetthecriteriaforahighfitnesslevel,or120wattsorhigher.Atotalof92womenwereinthemediumfitnesscategory;and59womenwereinthelowfitnesscategory,definedasapeakworkloadof80wattsorless,orhavingtheirexercisetestsstoppedbecauseofhighbloodpressure,chestpainorothercardiovascularproblems.Thesewomenwerethentestedfordementiasixtimesoverthefollowingfourdecades.Duringthattime,44ofthewomendevelopeddementia.Fivepercentofthehighlyfitwomendevelopeddementia,comparedto25percentofthewomenwithmediumfitnessand32percentofthewomenwithlowfitness."However,thisstudydoesnotshowcauseandeffectbetweencardiovascularfitnessanddementia,itonlyshowsanassociation.Moreresearchisneededtoseeifimprovedfitnesscouldhaveapositiveeffectontheriskofdementiaandalsotolookatwhenduringalifetimeahighfitnesslevelismostimportant."Shealsoadmittedthatarelativelysmallnumberofwomenwerestudied,allofwhomwereformSweden,sotheresultsmightnotbeapplicabletoothergroups.7．Whatisontheever-growinglistmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A．Positiveeffectsofdoingexercises.B．Exercisessuitableforthemiddle-aged.C．Experimentalstudiesondiseases.D．Advantagesofsportywomanoverman8．Whydidtheresearchersaskthewomantodobicycleexercise?A．Topredicttheirmaximumheartrate.B．ToassesstheircardiovascularcapacityC．TochangetheirhabitsofworkingoutD．Todetecttheirpotentialhealthproblems9．WhatdoweknowaboutDrHorder'sstudy?A．Itaimedtofindacurefordementia.B．Datacollectionwasalengthyprocess.C．Someparticipantswithdrewfromit.D．Theresultswerefarfromsatisfactory.10．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．MoreWomenAreExercisingtoPreventDementiaB．Middle-AgedWomenNeedtoDoMoreExerciseC．FitWomenAreLessLikelytoDevelopDementiaD．BikingImprovesWomen'sCardiovascularFitness二、七選五Ihavethesame24hoursinadayasyoudo,butIhavemadespecificchoicethatallowmetomakethemostofeverydayandstillfeelhappyandrelaxed.____11____Pickthemostimportant.____12____Focusonspendingtimethatforyouisfunandproductive.IchosethelifeofanadviserbecauseIliketoworkwithcompanies,butdon'twantthelifeofabigcompanyCEO.MychoicesarebasedonthelifestyleIwant.Combineyouractivities.Manypeoplegocrazytryingtofigureouthowtospendtimewithfriends,family,work,play,etc.____13____Findwaystoenjoytheminacombinedmanner.Buildyoursociallifearoundpeopleyourworkenvironment.Findpeopleinyourcompanywhosharecommoninterestsanddevelopyourcareer(職業(yè))aroundthepeopleandactivitiesyoulove.____14____Youwouldthinklearningtakesmoretimefromyou,butactuallytherearealwaysnewwaysofdoingthingsthatcansaveyoutimeondailytasks,freeingyouupforthemostimportant.Alwaysbelookingforanewwaytogainbackanhourhereorthere.Lightenup.Theworldwon'tcometoanendinmostcasesjustbecauseyouleftafewthingsundone.Celebrateprogressandkeeprefining(改進(jìn))towardahappyproductiveexistence.____15____Everycompletionisasmallvictorythataddsupinabigway.A．Speedup.B．Beanactivelearner.C．Stoptryingtobalancetimebetweenthemall.D．Makechoicesaboutwhatismeaningfulinyourlife.E．Thethingsyoudowellusuallygiveyougreaterjoy.F．Perhapsthesetipswillhelpyoumakethemostofyourtime.G．Thisiswhymakinglistsisimportantinanyproductivityhandbook.三、完形填空WhenBeverleyBurdeyneyturnedseventyfourlastyear,shestartedhavingproblemswithher___16___,notablydrynessanddiscomfort."Iwassimply___17___aterribleexperience,"Ms.BurdeyneysaidatherhomeinToronto."Ifeltsohelplessandinsecurebecausethequalityofmy___18___wasaffected."Ms.Burdeyneytalkedtosomefriendswhohad___19___problemsanddiscoveredthattheywerelargelysufferingin___20___."Nobodychoosestotalkaboutitbecauseitseemsso___21___shesaid."Butmoreandmorearesufferingandlivesarebeing___22___.Eventually,Ms.Burdeyneylearnedaboutplansforaneyeresearch,___23___atTelAvivUniversityinIsrael.Theresearchteam___24___CanadiandoctorAllanSlomovic,whohasdone_____25_____workoneyecareusingstemcells.Seeingarayofhope,Ms.Burdeyneybeganraising_____26_____fortheprojectwithafriend,TorontobusinessmanMeyerZeifman._____27_____shehasraised$110,000withanother$40,000_____28_____."I'mtryingtogetmoreandmorepeopleto_____29_____thattherearesolutions（解決辦法）saidMs.Burdeyney,atrainednursewhoisstillworkingasapersonaltrainerafter_____30_____."Isaythereisnoold_____31_____,there'sonlyneglect（忽視）.Don'tstand_____32_____,dosomethingaboutit."Ms.Burdeyney_____33_____thatsheishopingtodomorefortheresearchproject."Ijustwanttobring_____34_____intopeopleeyesandthisisjustthe_____35_____.Thereisstillalongwaytogo"16．A．throat B．skin C．lungs D．eyes17．A．gettingover B．goingthrough C．holdingon D．passingdown18．A．story B．treatment C．life D．relationship19．A．similar B．various C．personal D．special20．A．turn B．peace C．vain D．silence21．A．unbearable B．a(chǎn)bnormal C．insignificant D．disturbing22．A．compromised B．forgotten C．substituted D．separated23．A．course B．program C．paper D．conference24．A．informed B．doubted C．included D．dismissed25．A．part-time B．controversial C．voluntary D．ground-breaking26．A．money B．standards C．a(chǎn)wareness D．questions27．A．Asever B．Sofar C．Inreturn D．Onceagain28．A．wasted B．donated C．expected D．earned29．A．imagine B．confirm C．remember D．understand30．A．retirement B．childbirth C．graduation D．marriage31．A．time B．rule C．a(chǎn)ge D．tale32．A．straight B．still C．firm D．a(chǎn)lone33．A．commented B．learned C．reminded D．a(chǎn)dded34．A．light B．joy C．color D．beauty35．A．future B．beginning C．truth D．meaning四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics___36___arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelikefrequentlybyplane

____37____（view）asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.ButCobbandothers____38____（be）nowquestioningthatideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotely,and____39____（change）theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,_____40_____（rough）200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists____41____（promise）toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak___42___shecoulddosoremotely;aboutthree-quartersof___43___time,theyagreed.Whentheanswer,wasno,she,declinedthe____44____（invite）.ThatapproachbroughtCobb'sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplans_______45_______（continue）thepractice."Ithasbeenfairlyrewarding.",shesays,"areallypositivechange."【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述Merebeth從事的新工作。近十年來，她一直是一名自營寵物運(yùn)輸專家。1．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thedownturnhittherealestate（房地產(chǎn)）firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbrokeandleftherlookingforanewjob.（她曾在一家房地產(chǎn)公司做了10年的辦公室經(jīng)理，經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷打擊了這家公司。公司破產(chǎn)了，她只好另尋新工作）”，可知，Merebeth之所以換工作，是因?yàn)樗郧暗墓椭髌飘a(chǎn)了。故選D。2．D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“IthastakenhertoeverystateintheUSexceptMontana,WashingtonandOregon,shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace,shewillsimplyfindapetwithtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.（她自豪地說，除了蒙大拿州、華盛頓州和俄勒岡州，她走遍了美國所有的州。如果她想去一個(gè)新的地方，她只需要找到一個(gè)有交通需要的寵物。她風(fēng)雨無阻地旅行）”，可知，劃線詞的意思是“渴望去不同的地方旅行”。故選D。3．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“WhenIamontheroad,I'mjustinmyownworld.I'vealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImushhelpanimals.（當(dāng)我在路上的時(shí)候，我只是在自己的世界里。我一直很獨(dú)立，我強(qiáng)烈地覺得我必須幫助動(dòng)物）”，可知，Merebeth在她的新工作中一直都是靠自己。故選C?！窘馕觥勘疚氖钦f明文。文章按照時(shí)間順序講述了蒸汽時(shí)代和電力時(shí)代的聯(lián)系。4．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Itiscuriousthatnoonehasputtogetherahistoryofboththesteamandelectricrevolutions.”（我很好奇，竟然沒有人把蒸汽和電力革命的歷史放在一起。）可知，在Klein看來，電力時(shí)代和蒸汽時(shí)代是有很緊密的聯(lián)系的。故選A。5．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Toframehisstory,KleincreatesthecharacterofNed,afictionalwitnesstotheprogressbroughtaboutbythesteamsandelectricrevolutionsinAmericaduringoneman'slifetime.”（為了編織他的故事，Klein創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)人物Ned，它是對美國蒸汽和電力革命在一個(gè)人的整個(gè)人生中的進(jìn)程的神奇的見證。）和第四段“Meanwhile,overthecourseof19thcentury,electricitywentfrommerecuriositytoabasicnecessity.”（同時(shí)，在19世紀(jì)，電力從好奇變成了根需。）可知，Ned見證了蒸汽時(shí)代和電力革命，所以他應(yīng)該是生活在19世紀(jì)。故選D。6．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Toframehisstory,KleincreatesthecharacterofNed,afictionalwitnesstotheprogressbroughtaboutbythesteamsandelectricrevolutionsinAmericaduringoneman'slifetime.It'satechniquethathelpsturnalongnarrativeintoaninterestingone.”（為了構(gòu)建他的故事，克萊因創(chuàng)造了奈德這個(gè)角色，一個(gè)虛構(gòu)的人物，在一個(gè)人的一生中見證了蒸汽和電力革命給美國帶來的進(jìn)步。這是一種有助于將長篇故事變得有趣的技巧。）可知，這篇文章是一篇書評。故選B?！窘馕觥窟@是一篇說明文。主要說明了經(jīng)常鍛煉的中年女性在老年時(shí)罹患失智癥的幾率會(huì)大大降低。7．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Newresearchersfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhowerephysicallyfitcouldbenearly90percentlesslikelytodevelopdementia（失智癥）inlaterlife,andastheydid,itcameonadecadelaterthanlesssportywomen.”（新的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，身體健康的中年女性在晚年患癡呆癥的可能性要低近90%，而且確實(shí)如此，與不太喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)的女性相比，她們患癡呆癥的時(shí)間要晚十年。）可知，第一段提到了健身鍛煉的好處。故選A項(xiàng)。8．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文“Thesefindingsareexcitingbecauseit’spossiblethatimprovingpeople'scardiovascularfitnessinmiddleagecoulddelayorevenpreventthemfromdevelopingdementia.”（這些發(fā)現(xiàn)令人興奮，因?yàn)樵谥心陼r(shí)改善人們的心血管健康可能會(huì)延緩甚至防止他們患上癡呆癥。）以及本段“Forthestudy,191womenwithanaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheywereexhaustedtomeasuretheirpeakcardiovascularcapacity.”（在這項(xiàng)研究中，191名平均年齡為50歲的女性進(jìn)行了自行車運(yùn)動(dòng)測試，直到她們精疲力竭，以測量她們的心血管峰值能力。）可知，做這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是為了測試女性的心血管峰值能力。故選B項(xiàng)。9．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Thesewomenwerethentestedfordementiasixtimesoverthefollowingfourdecades.”（這些女性在隨后的四十年里測試了六次失智癥狀況。）可知，此次實(shí)驗(yàn)的數(shù)據(jù)收集是一個(gè)長期的過程。故選B項(xiàng)。10．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Newresearchersfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhowerephysicallyfitcouldbenearly90percentlesslikelytodevelopdementia（失智癥）inlaterlife,andastheydid,itcameonadecadelaterthanlesssportywomen.”（新的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，身體健康的中年女性在晚年患癡呆癥的可能性要低近90%，而且確實(shí)如此，與不太喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)的女性相比，她們患癡呆癥的時(shí)間要晚十年。）以及文章后面幾段通過列舉實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?、過程、方式、結(jié)果等，說明了身體健康的中年女性在老年時(shí)患失智癥的幾率會(huì)大大降低。故選C項(xiàng)。【解析】本文是說明文。作者給出了既可以充分利用時(shí)間又可以快樂放松的有效建議。11．F上文“Ihavethesame24hoursinadayasyoudo,but1havemadespecificchoicethatallowmetomakethemostofeverydayandstillfeelhappyandrelaxed.(我和你一樣，每天都有24小時(shí)，但我做了具體的選擇，讓我充分利用每一天，仍然感到快樂和放松)”說明作者做出選擇，充分利用每一天，但仍舊感到快樂和輕松，根據(jù)下文段落小標(biāo)題可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天給出了建議，因此空格處應(yīng)是承上啟下，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的“helpyoumakethemostofyourtime”與上文“tomakethemostofeveryday”一致，“tips”引出下文的建議，因此F項(xiàng)“也許這些建議會(huì)幫助你充分利用你的時(shí)間”符合語境，承上啟下。故選F。12．D根據(jù)段落標(biāo)題“Pickthemostimportant.”可知，本段建議挑選最重要的，下文“Focusonspendingtimethatforyouisfunandproductive.(把時(shí)間花在那些對你來說有趣和富有成效的事情上)”說明要挑選一些有趣的和富有成效的事情去做，D項(xiàng)中的“whatismeaningfulinyourlife”與標(biāo)題中的“themostimportant”一致，下文是對“Makechoices”具體解釋。因此推斷D項(xiàng)“選擇你生活中有意義的東西”符合語境。故選D。13．C上文“Manypeoplegocrazytryingtofigureouthowtospendtimewithfriends,family,work,play,etc.(許多人瘋狂地試圖弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娛樂等方面度過時(shí)間)”說明許多人想要弄清楚在生活中如何分配好時(shí)間，下文“Findwaystoenjoytheminacombinedmanner.(找到一種結(jié)合的方式來享受它們)”說明可以把事情組合在一起享受，因此推斷空格處與上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明不要試圖均衡時(shí)間，C項(xiàng)“不要試圖在它們之間平衡時(shí)間”符合語境。故選C。14．B空格處為段落小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Youwouldthinklearningtakesmoretimefromyou,butactuallytherearealwaysnewwaysofdoingthingsthatcansaveyoutimeondailytasks,freeingyouupforthemostimportant.Alwaysbelookingforanewwaytogainbackanhourhereorthere.Alwaysbelookingforanewwaytogainbackanhourhereorthere.(你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)需要花費(fèi)了你更多的時(shí)間，但實(shí)際上總有一些新的方法可以為你節(jié)省出做日常事務(wù)的時(shí)間，為你騰出時(shí)間去做最重要的事情。尋找在這里或者那里贏回一個(gè)小時(shí)的新方法)”可推斷，本段講述學(xué)習(xí)雖然花費(fèi)很多時(shí)間，但總是能有一些方法為你節(jié)省時(shí)間做其他事情，因此要做有效的學(xué)習(xí)者。因此推斷B項(xiàng)“做有效的學(xué)習(xí)者”為段落標(biāo)題，故選B。15．G下文“Everycompletionisasmallvictorythataddsupinabigway.(每一次的完成都是一個(gè)小的勝利，累積起來就是一個(gè)大的勝利)”說明事情要一件一件去做，G項(xiàng)中的“ma