定語(yǔ)從句【市一等獎(jiǎng)】

RevisionoftheAttributiveClause高二英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)題型Theman_______livesnexttoussellsvegetables.Aplaneisamachine_________canfly.Thisisthescientist__________nameisknowntoall.Theroom___________windowfacestosouthismine.Doyouremembertheday__________wefirstmet?who/thatwhich/thatwhosewhosewhen6.Theschool____________westudyisbeautiful.7.Thereason__________hewaslatewasthathemissedthetrain.wherewhy1.定語(yǔ)從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。(修飾主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)的句子就叫做定語(yǔ)從句，作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞)。定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。2.先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。3.關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。

Revision基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)回顧:關(guān)系詞及其意義指代人指代事物所屬關(guān)系指地點(diǎn)指時(shí)間指原因who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewherewhenwhy關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞歸納總結(jié)做題技巧?先分析定語(yǔ)從句中缺少什么成分定語(yǔ)從句的位置定語(yǔ)從句一定放在被修飾成分之后。e.g.Thisis

thecar

thatheboughtlastyear.先行詞定語(yǔ)從句Doyouknowtheman?Hespokejustnow.

Doyouknowthemanwhospokejustnow?關(guān)系代詞主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)指人指物ThatWhoWhomWhichwhose關(guān)系代詞

關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that,which,who,whom,whose,as；關(guān)系副詞有when,where,why。

關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個(gè)作用：A.引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句B.代替先行詞C.在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分限制性定語(yǔ)從句(restrictive)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(non-restrictive）定語(yǔ)從句TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.

老師告訴我說(shuō)湯姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.

他媽媽十分地愛(ài)他，對(duì)他要求很嚴(yán)格。限制性定語(yǔ)從句:所謂限制性定語(yǔ)從句就是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語(yǔ),如果去掉,主句就失去意義或意義不完整。這種從句和先行詞的關(guān)系十分密切,寫(xiě)時(shí)不用逗號(hào)和主句分開(kāi)。限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句:Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.我是我們辦公室唯一被邀請(qǐng)的人。(如果把從句部分去掉,整個(gè)句子的含義就變了。)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句:非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和主句的關(guān)系并不十分密切,只是對(duì)先行詞做些附加說(shuō)明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。在講話時(shí)須停頓，一般不用that引導(dǎo)。1.Hisdog,whichwasnowveryold,becameillanddied.

他的狗當(dāng)時(shí)很老了,生病后就死了。

(去掉從句,主句的意義仍然完整:他的狗生病死了。)2.YesterdayImetLiLei,whoseemedtobeverybusy.

昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙。

(去掉從句,意義仍然完整:昨天我碰上李雷了。)限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句形式上不用逗號(hào)“，”與主句隔開(kāi)用逗號(hào)“，”與主句隔開(kāi)意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，如刪除，主句則失去意義或意思表達(dá)不完整只是對(duì)先行詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，如刪除，主句仍能表達(dá)完整的意思。限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句譯法上

譯成先行詞的定語(yǔ)：“……的”通常譯成主句的并列句關(guān)系詞的使用上

1.作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略1.不可省略2.可用that2.不用that3.可用who代替whom3.不可用who代替whom考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.that與which2.對(duì)theway的考查3.介詞+關(guān)系詞4.as的使用5.對(duì)where的考查6.綜合考查考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)Weshoulddoeverything_________isgoodforourstudies.Youcantakeanyseat__________isfree.Thisistheonlything_________wecando.Theisthefirstplace__________Iwanttovisit.Thisisthemostinterestingbook_________Ihaveeverread.Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersons__________wewereinterestedin.thatthatthatthatthatthat考點(diǎn)1：that與which7.Thereislittle___________Icandotomakeupforthelosttime.8.Ourschoolisnolongertheplace__________itusedtobe.當(dāng)先行詞是事物時(shí)，只用that不用which的情況thatthat先行詞是不定代詞all,everything,anything,nothing,something,much,little,few,none,theone.2.先行詞被all,everything,anything,nothing,something,much,little,few,none修飾時(shí)3.先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時(shí)4.先行詞被數(shù)詞,序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)5.先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)6.先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)7.先行詞在從句中做表語(yǔ)時(shí)8.主句以therebe開(kāi)頭Thisisthetrainby_______wewenttoBeijing.Football,_________isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.Those__________breakthelawshouldbepunished.He________playswithfiregetsburnt.whichwhichwhowho只用which不用that的情況指物，1.介詞后。2.用于非限制定語(yǔ)從句中只用who不用that的情況做題技巧?填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺狀語(yǔ)缺賓語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)2：theway用做先行詞theway做先行詞時(shí),先看后面定語(yǔ)從句中是否缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ):缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ):引導(dǎo)詞用that/which/不填(缺賓語(yǔ)時(shí))主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)都不缺:引導(dǎo)詞用that/inwhich/不填考點(diǎn)2：theway用做先行詞3.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_____hesaidit.（04湖北）

A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich高考題鏈接：考點(diǎn)3：介詞+關(guān)系詞1.Doyouknowtheboy______yourmotheristalking?2.Istillremembertheday_______IfirstgottoParis.3.Hegavemesomenovels___________Iamnotveryfamiliar.towhomwithwhichonwhichThisisthechildwho/

whom/thatIwilllookafter.5.譯：這是我要照顧的小孩。4.Hegavemesomenovels___________

Iamnotveryfamiliarwith.which/that/不填考點(diǎn)3：介詞+關(guān)系詞7.(06浙江)Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst______Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which做題技巧?定語(yǔ)從句句首為介詞時(shí),后可接的關(guān)系詞為:介詞+whom/which6.Irecognizedthebossin

companymysisterwasworking.

whose3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.Aswhich難點(diǎn)一：as的用法as\that\which1.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.asthat歸納：as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句先行詞前常被such,thesame,so,as修飾，即構(gòu)成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,結(jié)構(gòu)，做題時(shí)容易忽略。as在定語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)充當(dāng)成分如：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句都能指代整句內(nèi)容，但定語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，只能用

as,意為“正如、恰如”。難點(diǎn)一：as的用法做題技巧?當(dāng)主句中出現(xiàn)such或so時(shí),看后面從句是否缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ):(1)缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),從句前用as(2)不缺主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),從句前用that當(dāng)主句中出現(xiàn)thesame時(shí),后面從句缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)與as搭配表同一類事物,與that搭配表同一個(gè)事物模擬訓(xùn)練：1.Heissuchalazyman_____nobodywantstoworkwith______.A.as;himB.that;/C.as;/D.whom;him2.Mrs.Blacktookthepolicebackto____place____shewitnessedtherobbery.A.thesame;asB.thesame;whereC.thesame;thatD.asthesame;as1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.我已經(jīng)到了無(wú)法容忍他的地步了。國(guó)家正處在隨時(shí)有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的局勢(shì)中。where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，但也有特殊情況。難點(diǎn)二：一些特殊詞之后的where解析：如果定語(yǔ)從句分別修飾point,situation,part,stage,condition，position和case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（06山東）

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.（06江西）

A.whyB.whereC.howD./高考題鏈接：做題要靈活：要分析句子成分，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞。

where\that1.Thisisthelibrary_____Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthislibrary____Iborrowedthebook.where定語(yǔ)從句that強(qiáng)調(diào)句型綜合考查一：定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句3.---WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?---Itwasinthehotel____Ilived.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when難點(diǎn)三.綜合考查近年來(lái)，高考對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句和其它從句如：強(qiáng)調(diào)句、名詞性從句和狀語(yǔ)從句等的綜合考查越來(lái)越多，這就要求考生有扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和較強(qiáng)的綜合分析能力。友情提示綜合考查二：定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句1.Weallhaveheardthenews_____ourteamwon.2.Wedon’tbelieveinthenews_________hetoldusyesterday.that

that/which/—綜合考查三：定語(yǔ)從句與表語(yǔ)從句

Theplace____thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_____thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.（05江蘇）

A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich◆that/which對(duì)比訓(xùn)練與鞏固1.Weshouldgototheplace_____wearemostneeded.2.Weshouldgototheplace_____needsusmost.A.itB.whereC.thatD.whatBC對(duì)比訓(xùn)練

1.ItwasOctober_____wemetinDamiaoforthefirsttime.2.ItwasinOctober_____wemetinDamiaoforthefirsttime.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whileCA對(duì)比訓(xùn)練

1.Heissuchagoodteacher_____wealllikehim.2.Heissuchagoodteacher_____wealllike.A.whomB.thatC.asD.whichBC

Thenewscame__1__theBritishQueen’smothercelebratedher101thbirthdayingoodhealth,__2__isn’tsurprising,becauseshelivesaneasylifeandgetsthebestmedicalcare.A.that;whichB.which;whichC.that;thatD.when;as1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.A.that B.who C.whom D.this2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whom B.which C.who D./3.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.A.that B.whose C.which D.as4.Isthisthefactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theone B.which C.who D.whom5.Thisistheplace_____Ihaveevervisited.A.thereB.whenC.whereD.which6.Theonlylanguage_____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.which B.that C./ D.it7.Thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.which B.inwhich C.that D.all8.-Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?

-Oh!It’sMr.Baker,ourmathsteacher.A.heB.thatC.whomD.which9.Pleaseshowmethebook_____youboughtyesterday.A.which B.whom C.whose D.this10.Thisisthebestbook_____Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.who B.whom C.which D./先行詞有the

only,

the

very…修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that,不能用which11.Thisisthehouse_______Iwanttobuy.A.inwhichB.thatC.whoseD.where12.Theman_____washerejustnowisadoctor.A.whom B.who C./ D.he13.Theboy_____hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoor B.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoor D.thatlivesnextdoor14.Those_____madenomistakesintoday’sexercisespleaseraiseyourhands.A.which B.whom C.that D.who15.Don’tgoin,thisistheshop_____wehavejustbeen_____.A./,to B.that,/ C.where,to D.which,there先行詞指代人時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞多用who.由于它表示人的意義較that明確的緣故.16.October1,1949istheday_____we’llneverforget.A.when B.that C.where D.inwhich17.Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.

A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where18.Theforeigner____visitedourschoolisfromCanada.

A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom19.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_____lovedclimbing.

A.whoB.whomC.heD.which20.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily.

A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich28課定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練一21.Mr.White,______carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.

A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which22.Helivedinasmallvillage,______wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whenwhose表示所有格，…的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，它與主句之間通常用逗號(hào)分開(kāi),that不能用引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，只能用which三．改錯(cuò)1.Thesewhohaveplentyofmoneywillhelptheirfriend.

these–those2.ThisisthelongesttrainwhichIhaveeverseen.

which–that3.TheradiosetwhichIboughtitlastweekhasgonewrong.it-/三．改錯(cuò)

4.-Howdoyoulikethebook?-It'squitedifferentfromtheonewhatIreadlastmonth.

what–that5.Onthewallhungapicture,whichcolorisblue.which–whose定語(yǔ)從句學(xué)習(xí)歸納學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句必須要清楚它的的來(lái)源、位置、引導(dǎo)詞、意思理解和翻譯方法.還要記住它的特殊用法歸納一：來(lái)源例：請(qǐng)把下列單句合成復(fù)合句1.MadameCurieisoneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld.Sheisadmiredbymanypeople.MadameCuriewhoisadmiredbymanypeopleisoneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld.2.Theexperimentfailed.Shewasworkingonitdayandnight.Theexperimentwhich/thatshewasworkingondayandnightfailed.請(qǐng)找出以上規(guī)律,然后完成下列題目:1.Themineralswereunusual.Wefoundthemintherocks.Themineralsthatwefoundintherockswereunusual.2.Theladywasverypleased.Youfoundhersui