【八】高考必考英語語法超級歸納超級歸納超級歸納

====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====高考必考英語語法超級歸納一、冠詞冠詞分為不定冠詞（a,），定冠詞（），和零冠詞。I.不定冠詞的用法1Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.指一類人或事，相當于akindofWestudyeighthoursaday.Wearenearlyofanage.5某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事acoupleof,abit,onceuponati6用于固定詞組中7用于quite,rather,many,half,whaThisroomisratherabigone.Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.success(抽象名詞)→asuccess(具體化)成功9用于抽象名詞具體化的名詞前識.定冠詞的用法網(wǎng)絡集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====1表示某一類人或物A.a;theB./;aC.the;aD.the;the5類人—Couldyoutellmethewayto____Johnsons,please?—Sorry,wedon’thave____Johnsonhereinthevillage.表示一家人或夫婦（對比上文6A.the;theB.the;aC./;theD.the;/用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比7Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.較級最高級前用于國家黨派等以及江河湖8海，山川群島的名詞前用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞9ThecompasswasinventedinChina.前在逢十的復數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指10世紀的某個年代網(wǎng)絡集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====11用于表示度量單位的名詞前Ihiredthecarbythehour.用于方位名詞，身體部位名12Hepattedmeontheshoulder.詞BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air1人名地名等名詞前2March,Sunday,NationalDay,spring3日三餐前LincolnwasmadePresidentofAme5表示球類，棋類等運動的名詞前Helikesplayingfootball/chess.Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastby______seainsteadofdrivingacross______continent.67與by連用表示交通方式的名詞前A.the;theB.不填；theC.the;不填D.不husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight8表示泛指的復數(shù)名詞前Horsesareusefulanimals.二、名詞和主謂一致I.名詞的種類網(wǎng)絡集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====專有名詞普通名詞可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞機構名稱個體名詞集體名詞抽象名詞物質(zhì)名詞名詞性質(zhì)花兒個體名詞and.②Thetreesarenowinflower開花青春抽象名詞抽象名詞個體名詞抽象名詞①Youthisbeautiful.②Heisayouthoftwenty年輕人成功成功的事個體名詞—Ishouldsayitwasasuccess.名詞性質(zhì)物質(zhì)名詞個體名詞物質(zhì)名詞鐵熨斗玻璃①Hebrokeapieceofglass.網(wǎng)絡集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====玻璃杯小雞個體名詞個體名詞物質(zhì)名詞雞肉hicken抽象名詞與個體名詞的轉換A.some,aB.an,someC.some,someD.an,a的動作takeawalk/abathmakeanadvance(進步)/makeanaknowledgeoftruth(知道實際情況)表示school.其中的一部分A.The抽象名詞轉換為普通名①Oh,John._____yougaveme!網(wǎng)絡集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====A.HowapleasantsurpriseB.Howpleasantsurprise詞可用來表示一次、一陣、一種具體的行為、事件、現(xiàn)象或結C.WhatapleasantsurpriseD.Whatpleasantsurprise②ShelookedupwhenIshouted.A.inasurpriseB.inthesurpriseC.insurpriseD.insomesurprise有形容詞修飾Thegiftcameasacompletesurprisetome.We③Itis_____workofartthateveryonewantstohavealoA.sounusualB.suchunusualC.suchanunusualD.soanunusual規(guī)則名詞的復數(shù)形式：名詞的復數(shù)形式，一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或（參看有關語法書）。英規(guī)則改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,mouse-mice1式sheep,deer,series,means,works,fish,species2單復數(shù)相同ashes,trousers,clothes,thanks,g3只有復數(shù)形式4一些集體名詞總是用作復數(shù)people,police,cattle,staff5enemy,party6復數(shù)形式表示特別含義s(文件報紙),manners(禮貌),looks(外表),brains(頭腦智力),greens(青菜),ruins(廢墟)Americans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans表示某國7人”網(wǎng)絡集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====Swiss,Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese單復數(shù)同形以-man或-woman結尾的改為-men,-womenEnglishmen,Frenchwomensons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boyfriends將主體名詞變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches將兩部分變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)womensingers,menservants詞一般用單數(shù)形式；主語為復數(shù)時，forusall.法由what引導的主語從句，后面的謂語動詞多謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。whatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks.LucyandLilyaretwins由連接詞and或both…and連接起來的主語后面，要用復數(shù)形式的謂語動詞。但若所Thewriterandartisthascome.連接的兩個詞是指同一個人或物Everystudentandeveryteachisintheclassroom.時，它后面的謂語就用單數(shù)形式。由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語前如果分別有no,eacManyaboyandmanyagirllikh,every或morethana(an)/one,mesit.網(wǎng)絡集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====anya(an)修飾時，其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)Noboyandnogirllikesit.形式。either,neither,each,every或nEachofushasanewbook.Iso+單數(shù)名詞和由some,anyno,everyeveryoneheretoday?Somebodyisspeakinginclass.Everythingaroundusismatter若noneof后面的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，它的謂語動詞就要用單數(shù)。若它后面的名詞是復數(shù)，它的謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復數(shù)都可以。Noneofushas(have)beentoAmerica.Thosewhowanttogopleasewritetheirnamesontheblackboard.Heisoneofmyfriendswhoarch等作主語時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)應與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。Heisthe(only)oneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.ItisIwhoamgoingtothecinematonight.在強調(diào)句型中應與被強調(diào)部分一致Itiswewhoaregoingtothecinematonight.Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.Thecattleareeatinggrassinthefield.Hisfamilyhasmovedtothesouth.體的成員，其謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式HisfamilyarewatchingTV.（他的家人）Classfourisonthethirdfloor.（四班）ClassFourareunabletoagreeuponamonitor.（四班的學生）Therearealotofpeopleintheclassroom.由alotof/lotsof/plentyof/aheaThree-fourthsofthesurfaceofpof/heapsof/therestof/themajtheearthissea.50percentofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.此外，還有anumberof+復數(shù)名詞有類似的用法（用復數(shù)），但thenumberof+復網(wǎng)絡集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====數(shù)名詞的數(shù)就得依number而定（用單數(shù)）。Anumberofstudentshavegonetothefarmtohelpthefarmerpickapples.Thenumberofpagesinthisbookisthreehundred.Therecomesthebus.Onthewallaremanypictures.Suchistheresult.Sucharethefacts.Betweenthetwohillsstandsamonument.Whichisyourbag?Whichareyourbags?AreanyofyougoodatEnglisWhat,who,which,any,more,all等h?Hasanyofyougotapen?代詞可以是單數(shù)，也可是復數(shù)，主要靠意思Allcanbedonehasbeendone.Allisgoingwell.Allhavebeentakenout.AllhavegonetoBeijing.Thirtyminutesisenoughforth表示時間重量長度價值等的名詞的ework..Twentypoundsistoodear.Fortykilosofwaterareusedeveryday.致TheUnitedStatesissmallerthanChina.“TheArabianNights”isaninterestingstory-book.則數(shù)形式。Oneandahalfapplesislefto表數(shù)量的短語“oneandahalf”后面接復nthetable.一些學科名詞是以-ics結尾，如：mathemThepaperworkswasbuiltin1990.這atics,politics,physics以及news,wo家造紙廠建于1990年。rks等。都屬于形式上是復數(shù)的名詞，實際Idon’tthinkphysicsiseasyto網(wǎng)絡集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====study.意義為單數(shù)名詞，trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes,scissors(剪刀)等詞作主語時，謂語用復數(shù)，Myglassesarebroken.但如果這些名詞前有a(the)pairof等量Thepairofshoesunderthebe詞修飾時（clothes被asuitof修飾）謂dishis.語動詞用單數(shù)。Theoldaretakengoodcareofthere.人動詞用復數(shù)；若表示某一類東西時，動詞ThebeautifulgivespleasuretoEithertheteacherorthestud