2023年凌云縣考研《英語(yǔ)一》點(diǎn)睛提分卷含解析

2023年凌云縣考研《英語(yǔ)一》點(diǎn)睛提分卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)YearsagoIhadtheopportunitytomeetagirlwhostrengthenedmyunderstandingofthepowerofbelief.Shewas__36___themostpowerfulindividualIhadevermet.ImetChrisforthefirsttimewhiletakingtheDaleCarnegie__37___inCalifornia.Ourclasshadalreadybeengoingforquitesometimewhen___38___,supportedbymetalcrutches(拐杖),___39__herselfin.Chrishadcerebralpalsy(大腦性麻痹).Shehadmuch___40___incommunicatingwithothers.Thiswasnotdueto___41___ofdesire,butbecausemostofhertwenty-oneyearsoflifeshehadbeenkeptinaroomwithnomorethanElvisrecordsandtapesto__42___her.Noonehadtakenthetimetoassistherindevelopingtheabilityto___43___.ItwasBonnie,herpresentcaretaker,who___44___therewasmuchmoretoChristhananyoneelsecouldsee.Whenaskedbytheinstructorwhathergoal___45___thetwelve-weekcoursewas,Chrisstruggledtorespondandbecamefrustratedand____46___intheprocess.Formostofher___47___nobodywouldlistentoher.Theonlywaysheknewtogetsomeoneto___48___wasthroughtemperoutbursts(發(fā)脾氣).WithBonnieasherinterpreter,Chrisconveyedthather___49___wastobeabletostandbyherselfinfrontofforty-fivepeopleandtellusaboutherself.Onthetwelfthweek,Chrisstoodinfrontoftheroomand___50___withus,inherownwords,whatherlifehadbeenlike.ItwasoneofthemostbeautifulandenlighteningexperiencesIhadever___51____.Thoughasagirlwhohadinmanywaysbeen____52___,shebelievedthatshecould___53___moreinherlifeandshedid.Andshealsohadtheloveandsupportofforty-fivefriends,who,justweeksbefore,hadbeen____54___strangers.WhatweallwitnessedthroughChris’courageisthatlifeis____55___momentbymoment,basedonourbeliefs,whicharerelevanttobothourpersonalandprofessionaldirectionandhavethepowertomakeourwildestdreamscometrue.1、A．luckily B．naturally C．formally D．probably2、A．break B．course C．house D．chance3、A．someone B．he C．herself D．she4、A．ran B．rushed C．dragged D．jumped5、A．difficulty B．concept C．disagreement D．suggestion6、A．lack B．need C．notice D．cheer7、A．impress B．entertain C．calm D．a(chǎn)nnoy8、A．walk B．pronounce C．communicate D．write9、A．knew B．a(chǎn)sked C．spoke D．required10、A．a(chǎn)t B．for C．on D．in11、A．grateful B．surprised C．a(chǎn)ngry D．noisy12、A．way B．process C．operation D．life13、A．watch B．smile C．listen D．understand14、A．class B．goal C．a(chǎn)bility D．reason15、A．began B．a(chǎn)greed C．found D．shared16、A．a(chǎn)rgued B．a(chǎn)ttended C．witnessed D．a(chǎn)ccepted17、A．foundout B．thrownaway C．broughtup D．heldout18、A．give B．a(chǎn)ccomplish C．spend D．a(chǎn)ccompany19、A．complete B．necessary C．enough D．typical20、A．called B．carried C．searched D．createdSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Everybodyhatesit,buteverybodydoesit.Arecentreportsaidthat40%ofAmericanshatetipping.InAmericaalone,tippingisa$16billion-a-yearindustry.Consumersactingpolitelyoughtnottopaymorethantheyhavetoforagivenservice.Tipsshouldnotexist.Sowhydothey?Thecommonopinioninthepastwasthattipsbothrewardedtheeffortsofgoodserviceandreduceduncomfortablefeelingsofinequality.Andalso,tippingmakesforcloserrelations.Itwentwithoutsayingthatthebettertheservice,thebiggerthetip.ButaccordingtoanewresearchfromCornellUniversity,tipsnolongerserveanyusefulfunction.Thepaperanalyzesnumberstheygotfrom2,547groupsdiningat20differentrestaurants.Theconnectionbetweenlargertipsandbetterservicewasveryweak.Onlyatinypartofthesizeofthetiphadanythingtodowiththequalityofservice.Tippingisbetterexplained,byculturethanbythemoneypeoplespend.InAmerica,thecustomcameintobeingalongtimeago.Itisregardedaspartoftheacceptedcostofaservice.InNewYorkrestaurants,failingtotipatleast15%couldwellmeandissatisfactionfromthecustomers.Hairdresserscanexpecttogetl5%-20%,andthemanwhodeliversyourfastfood$2.InEurope,tippingislesscommon.Inmanyrestaurantstheamountoftipisdecidedbyastandardservicecharge.InmanyAsiancountries,tippinghasneverreallycaughtonatall.Onlyafewhavereallytakentotipping.AccordingtoMichaelLynn,theCornellpapers’author,countriesinwhichpeoplearemoresocialoroutgoingtendtotipmore.Tippingmayreduceanxietyaboutbeingservedbystrangers.AndMr.Lynnsays,“InAmerica,wherepeopleareexpressiveandeagertomixupwithothers,tippingisaboutsocialapproval.Ifyoutipbadly,peoplethinklessofyou.Tippingwellisachancetoshowoff.”1、Thispassageismainlyabout.A．differentkindsoftippingindifferentcountriesB．therelationshipbetweentippingandcustomC．theoriginandpresentmeaningoftippingD．mostAmericanpeoplehatetipping2、Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedphrase“caughton”?A．becomepopular.B．beenhated.C．beenstopped.D．beenpermitted3、Amongthefollowingsituations,inyouropinion,whoislikelytotipmost?A．AFrenchmanjustquarreledwiththebarberwhodidhishairbadlyinNewYork.B．AnAmericanjusthadawonderfuldinnerinawellknownrestaurantinNewYork.C．AJapanesebusinessmanaskedforapizzadeliveryfromaPizzaHutinNewYork.D．AChinesestudentenjoyedhismealinafamousfastfoodrestaurantinNewYork.4、Wecaninferfromthispassagethat.A．tippingisnolongeragoodwaytosatisfysomecustomersthemselvesB．tippingisespeciallypopularinNewYorkC．tippinginAmericacanmakeservicebetternowD．tippinghassomethingtodowithpeople’scharacterText2I’venoticedsomethinghappeningfairlyregularlyamongmydaughterandherfriends.Whenthey’reallsittingaroundaskingeachotherwhichphototheyshouldpostonInstagram,orwhenthey’resendingclothespicturesaroundinagroupchataskingwhichonetheyshouldwear,manyofthegirlswillrespondbychoosingtheworstpictureandtheleastattractiveclothes.Why?Becausethey’reteenagersandenvyiswhattheydo.Everyoneinawhile,though,therewillbeagirlwhospeaksthetruth.Theonewhosays“Yoursmilelooksfalseinthefirstpicture,”or“Thatsecondpairofjeansmakesyourfigurelookextremelyunusual.”Sure,thesemayatfirstseemkindofharsh.ButaccordingtonewresearchpublishedinPsychologicalScience,theyarecomingfromfriendswhotrulycare,theoneswhoaren’tafraidtospeakupandtellitlikeitis.“Wehaveshownthatpeoplecanbecrueltobekind,”explainedleadresearcherBelénLópez-Pérez.“Theymaydecidetomakesomeonefeelworseifthisemotion（感情）isbeneficialforthatotherperson,evenifthisisnotofanypersonalbenefittothem.”Forthestudy,researchersasked140volunteerstoplayaviolentvideogame,andthengiveadvicetoanunknownpartnerwhowasgoingthroughtoughpersonaltimesonwinningthegame.Theresearchersfoundthatvolunteersweremorelikelytodonegative（反射的）iftheyfeltitwasimportantfortheirpartnertowinthegame.Thefindingssuggestthatitwassympathythatledtheparticipantstochooseparticularnegativeemotionalexperiencebecausetheybelieveditwouldeventuallyhelptheirpartnerbesuccessfulinthegame.“Thesefindingshelpedustounderstand,forinstance,whywesometimesmaytrytomakeourlovedonesfeelbadifwethinkthisemotiontobeusefultoachieveagoal,”López-Pérezconcluded.Inotherwords,thetruthmayhurt,butweallneedameanfriendwhoiswillingtogiveittous.1、Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingParagraph1?A．Topointoutasocialphenomenon.B．Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.C．Towarngirlsnottosendpicturesaround.D．Topersuadethegirlstobehavethemselves.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”inParagraph2referto?A．Thefriends.B．Thegirls.C．Theclothes.D．Thecomments.3、Howdidthevolunteersadvisetheirpartnertowinthegame?A．Bycheeringthemon.B．Byperformingactsofkindness.C．Bytendingtorespondnegatively.D．Byexpressingdeepsympathyforthem.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WeNeedMeanFriends.B．Neverhurtothers.C．WeMustTryHardtoAchieveGoals.D．NeverPlayViolentVideoGames.Text3Agooddisguisekeepsyouhidden,right?Well,sometimesthebestdisguiseisactuallythemostdazzlingbecauseresearchrevealsthatflashymetalliciridescence(金屬彩虹色)canvisuallypuzzlepredators,whichallowscolorfulpreytosurviveanotherday.ThosesurprisingresultsappearinthejournalScientificReports.Shiningiridescentcolor,whichchangesdependingontheanglefromwhichit'sviewed,isfavoredbyeverythingfrombirdstobeetlesandblossomstobutterflies.“Andinourresearchgroupweareofcourseinterestedinwhythisvividmetalliccolorissowidespreadinnature.”KarinKjernsmooftheUniversityofBristoladdsthatinsomecasestheshowysplashesoflightareasexualstrategy.“HereIwouldliketopointoutthatinsomespecies,particularlythosethatdisplaystrongsexualdimorphism(雌雄兩性),suchasbirdsofparadiseorsomebutterfliesorfishes,theoccurrenceofiridescenceismostlikelydrivenbysexualselection.Forexample,inmanyofthesecasesitisthemalesthathavethesevividiridescentcolorsandtheyusetheminmatechoiceortheyusethemasasignaltoattractmates.”Butiridescencealsoshowsupinsituationswherereproductionisnotanissue.“Sowhatwearestudyingnowiswhethernaturalselectionimposedbypredation(捕食行為)couldexplaintheoccurrenceofiridescenceinpreyanimals.”Theideathateye-catchingcolorscouldbeusedasacover-upisn'tanewone.“Thefatherofcamouflagetheory,AbbottThayer,reallybelievedthatiridescenceshouldbecategorizedasacamouflagestrategy.AndhewroteinhisfamouslifeworkConcealing-ColorationintheAnimalKingdom,alreadyin1909,that‘brilliantlychangeableormetalliccolorsareamongthestrongestfactorsinananimal'sconcealment’.Andthissoundslikeacompletelyunreasonablethingtosay,becausehowcancolorsthatarebothbrilliantandchangeablecontributetoanimal'sconcealment？”“Inasimilarway,wewereaskingwhetheriridescence,duetoitschangeability,couldworkasaformofcamouflagebypreventingshaperecognition.”Kjernsmoandhercolleaguestrainedbumblebeestoassociateaparticularshape—acircleoranoval—withasugarreward.Andtheyfoundthatthebees,whengivenachoice,wouldpreferentiallyvisittheshapetheyknewtobesweet.Butwhentheshapeswereiridescent,thebeeshadtroubletellingthemapart.“Itseemedthatthestrikinglyiridescentsurfacesonourtargetsvisuallybrokeuptheotherwiserecognizableshapeofthetargets,whichmadethemhardtodistinguish.”Asformakinguseofthismethodforhidinginplainsight,“Anypracticalapplicationsisofcoursedirectlylinkedtoanyindustrythathasaninterestincamouflage,thatishowtoconcealobjectsormakethemmoredifficulttorecognize.”Theresearchersarecurrentlyconductingexperimentswithbirds,whichoftenpreyoniridescentinsectstoseeifithelpstohaveabird's-eyeview.1、Accordingtothepassage,iridescenceisnotmadeuseofbyanimalsto________.A．livealittlelongerbyescapingtheirpredator(捕食者)B．catchtheattentionoftheirmatesC．concealthemselveswhenindangerD．catchsightofmorecolorfulpreys2、Fromthestudyinthelastparagraph,wecanlearnthat________.A．BeescanalwaystellthedifferencebetweenacircleandanovalB．BeesarecreaturesthatarefascinatedbysweetthingsthatareiridescentC．Ifacircle,withasugarreward,isiridescent,thebeesmayhavedifficultyfindingitD．Beesarelikelytoprefercirclestoovals,whethertheyareiridescentornot3、Whatwillbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A．Whetherthereareanydifferencesbetweenbeesandbirds.B．Someindustriesthathavegreatinterestincamouflage.C．Whybirdsarenoteffectedbyiridescentinsects.D．Whichcamouflagetheoryappliesmoretobirds.4、Whichofthefollowingmightserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Afamouscamouflagestrategy B．MetalliciridescentasthebestdisguiseC．Colorsuniquetoanimals D．ShiningcolorsasasexualstrategyText4Your2018ReadingList,ProvidedbyBillGatesMostofuscan’tlivelikebillionaireMicrosoftco-founderBillGates,butwecanreadlikehim.Gatesrecommendedfourbooksin2018—thoughsomewerepublishedearlier.LeonardodaVinci,byWalterIsaacson(2017)ThebestsellingbiographerofSteveJobsandAlbertEinsteinresearcheddeeplyintodaVinci’scontributionsbeyondart,highlightingthebreadthofhisscientific,technological,andcreativeoutput.“Leonardonearlyunderstoodalmostallofwhatwasknownontheplanetatthetime.That’smostlybecauseofhiscuriosityabouteveryareaofnaturalscienceandthehumanexperience,”saidGates.TheBestWeCouldDo:AnIllustratedMemoir,byThiBui(2017)Gatescallsthisgraphicnovel“reallyimpressive”.BuiisthedaughterofVietnameserefugeeswhocametoAmericaafterthefallofSaigon,andbecomingaparentinspiredhertolookintoherownparents’miserablehistory.“IwasstruckbyhowtheexperiencesBuiillustratesmanagetobebothuniversalandspecifictotheircircumstances,”saidGates.LincolnintheBardo,byGeorgeSaunders(2018)Saunders,along-timeshortstorywriter,wonhighpraiseforthisnovel.Thebookimaginestheghoststhathaunt(縈繞)thebasementofWillieLincoln,AbrahamLincoln’sson,whodiedat11inreallife.“Willie’sdeathaftertheCivilWarmadethepresidenthaveanewunderstandingofthegriefhe’screatinginotherfamiliesbysendingtheirsonsofftodieinbattle,”saidGates.OriginStory:ABigHistoryofEverything,byDavidChristian(2018)ThisnewbookisbythecreatorofBigHistory,afree,onlinesocialstudiescourse.Ittraceshistoryinwide,sweepingmovements,startingwiththeBigBang,anditprovides,ineffect,ashortcourseinmodernscience.Thisisabriefhistoryoftheuniverse.“DavidgetsalittlestuckonthecurrenteconomicandpoliticalproblemsintheWest,andIwishhetalkedmoreabouttheroleinnovationwillplayinpreventingtheworsteffectsofclimatechange,”saidGates.1、Whichbooksrefertothefieldofscience?A．OriginStoryandLeonardodaVinci.B．LincolnintheBardoandOriginStory.C．LeonardodaVinciandTheBestWeCouldDo.D．TheBestWeCouldDoandLincolnintheBardo.2、Ifyouareinterestedinthrillers,whosebookwillyoumostprobablychoose?A．WalterIsaacson. B．ThiBui.C．GeorgeSaunders. D．DavidChristian.3、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．TheBestWeCouldDoisanautobiography.B．LincolnintheBardohasbeenwarmlyreceived.C．DavidChristiantalksmuchaboutthepartthatinnovationwillplay.D．ReaderscanonlyreadaboutLeonardodaVinci’scontributionstowardsart.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Theartofpaper-cuttinginChinamaydatebacktothesecondcentury,sincepaper1．(invent)byCaiLunintheEasternHanDynastyinChinaAspaperbecamemoreaffordable,paper-cuttingbecameoneofthemostimportant2．(type)ofChinesefolkartLater,3．differentregionsadoptingtheirownculturalstyles,thisartformspreadtootherpartsoftheworld4．(usual),theartworksaremadeofredpaper,asredisassociatedwith5．(happy)inChineseculture,butothercolorsarealsousedWith6．(it)longhistory,paper-cutting,7．originatedinChina,hasbeenverypopularamongtheordinaryChinesepeoplePeopleputuppapercutsonwalls,windowsanddoorsatweddingceremoniesorfestivals8．(strengthen)thecheerfulatmosphereChinesepapercutsarerichincontentTheauspicious(吉祥的)designssymbolizegoodluckandtheavoidanceofevil,Thechild,lotus(蓮花)andbatdesignssuggestafamilywith9．largenumberofchildrenandgrandchildrenBirds,livestock,fruit,fishandwormsarealsofamiliarobjects10．(accept)byChinesefarmersInaword,papercutsusedindifferentoccasionshavedifferentmeanings,SaintPatrick’sDayisamajorholidayinIreland,buttherestoftheworldhasinfluenceditscelebrationasmuchastheIrish1．(they)MostAmericansthinkofSaintPatrick’sDayasabigparty2．(center)arounddrinkingalcoholButits3．(origin)inIrelandwerereligious,saysMikeCronin,aprofessorofIrishhistorywithBostonCollegeofMassachusettsSaintPatricklivedinIrelandmorethan2,000yearsagoHeis4．(wide)consideredtohaveestablishedChristianityinthecountryTheChurchdecidedtohonorhimwithaholydayMarch17,thedateofhisdeath,5．(choose)inthe11hcenturyStPatrickisbelieved6．(serve)inIrelandasaCatholicBishop(主教)TheaverageIrishpersonhonoredMarch17quietly7．(attend)churchserviceswasthemainactivityInfact,mostbusinessesthatservedalcoholwouldcloseinhonor8．thedayIntheearly1900s,Ireland’sgovernmentmadeStPatrick’sDay9．officialholidayBythe1960s,townsacrossIrelandstartedcelebratingtheholidaywithparadesandmusicInIrelandtoday,SiPatrick’sDayisafour-daypubliccelebration10．includesparades,music,food,andgamesSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)信息匹配。TheDosandDon’tsofLearningaNewLanguagePeopledecidetolearnanotherlanguageformanydifferentreasons．Somelearnanotherlanguagebecausetheywouldliketoliveinanothercountry．1、Somepeoplehavetostudyalanguageatschoolandothersmightdecidetolearnalanguagejustforfun!I’vebeenlearningFrenchforjustovertwoyears．IdecidedtolearnitbecauseIwantedtolearnsomethingnewandIloveFrenchculture．LearningFrenchhasbeenafunandexcitingjourneybutit’salsobeenchallenging．I’velearntalotaboutthechallengeswhilelearninganewlanguageandhaveputtogethersome‘dos’and‘don’ts’tohelpotherlanguagelearners．2、Learninganewlanguagecanbeahardprocessthatrequiresalotofmotivation．Trydifferentactivitiestomakeyourlanguagelearningmoreenjoyable．WhynottrywatchingyourfavouriteTVseriesinthatlanguageorlisteningtomusicinthatlanguage??Dowritedownyourmistakes3、IliketowritethemistakesthatImakeinasmallpocketbook．?Don’tsetunrealisticexpectations。Ifyouhaverecentlystartedlearninganotherlanguage，itmaybeunrealistictoexpecttobefluentwithinacoupleofmonths．Beawarethatitcouldtakeawhile．4、It’sverydifficulttohaveanativeaccent．Themostimportantthingisthatyou’reclearandpeoplecanunderstandyou．?Don’tbescared5、Iworriedaboutmyaccent，pronunciation，grammaranddidn’tmakethemostofspeakingopportunities．Lookingback，itseemssillyandnowI’mmorethanhappytospeakFrench．Don’tbeafraidoroverthinkit，justbeconfidentandspeak．A．BeconfidentB．DoenjoyitC．Thesamethinggoesforaccents．D．Othersdecideto