卷二 2017年6月英語六級真題及答案

2017年6月英語六級真題及答案PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Supposeyouareaskedtogiveadviceonwhethertomajorinscienceorhumanitiesatcollege，writeanessaytostateyouropinion.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A)Doingenjoyablework.B)Earningacompetitivesalary.C)Havingfriendlycolleagues.D)Workingforsupportivebosses.2.A)20%.B)25%.C)31%.D)73%.3.A)Thosefullofskilledworkers.B)Thosethatarewellmanaged.C)Thoserunbywomen.D)Thoseofasmallsize.4.A)Theycanwinrecognitionoftheirwork.B)Theycanbetterbalanceworkandlife.

C)Theycanhopfromjobtojobeasily.D)Theycantakeonmorethanonejob.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A)Itisacollectionofphotos. B) Itisanintroductiontomusic.C)ItisaboutthecityofBruges. D) ItisabookofEuropeanhistory.6.A)WhenwritingaboutBelgium’scoastalregions.B)Whentakingpicturesforaconcertcatalogue.C)WhenvacationinginanItaliancoastalcity.D)WhenpaintingtheconcerthallofBruges.7.A)TherichheritageofEuropewillbelostcompletely.B)TheseawaterofEuropewillbeseriouslypolluted.C)TheentireEuropeancoastlinewillbesubmerged.D)ThemajorEuropeanscenicspotswilldisappear.8.A)Touristsusewoodenpathstoreachtheirhotelsinthemorning.B)Itattractslargenumbersoftouristsfromhomeandabroad.C)Peoplecannotgetaroundwithoutusingboats.D)Itswaterwaysarebeingincreasinglypolluted.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.9.A)Theytryhardtoavoidgettingoffonthewrongfoot.B)Theyspendtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheirdefeat.C)Theytaketoomanyirrelevantfactorsintoaccount.D)Theymakecarefulpreparationsbeforehand.10.A)Mentalimagesofteninterferewithathletes’performance.B)Golfersusuallyhavepositivementalimagesofthemselves.C)Thinkinghasthesameeffectonthenervoussystemasdoing.D)Aperson’snervoussystemismorecomplicatedthanimagined.11.A)Anticipatepossibleproblems. B)Makealistofdo’sanddont’s.C)Trytoappearmoreprofessional. D)Picturethemselvessucceeding.12.A)Shewonherfirstjurytrial. B)Sheworeadesignerdress.C)Shepresentedmovingpictures. D)Shedidnotspeakloudenough.Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.13.A)Itenablespatientswithdiabetestorecoversooner.B)Itshealthbenefitshavebeenoverestimated.C)Itslong-termeffectsareyettobeproved.D)Ithelpspeopletoavoiddevelopingbreastcancer.14.A)Ittrackedtheireatinghabitssincetheiradolescence.B)Itfocusedontheirdifferencefrommeninfiberintake.C)Ittrackedtheirchangeinfoodpreferencesfor20years.D)Itfocusedontheirwaysoflifeduringyoungadulthood.15.A)Fibermaybringmorebenefitstowomenthanmen.B)Fibermayimprovethefunctionofheartmuscles.C)Fibermaymakebloodcirculationmoresmooth.D)Fibermayhelptoreducehormonesinthebody.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B)，C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.16.A)Investigatingtheimpactofmediaongovernment.B)Studyingthehazardsofyoungpeopledrinking.C)Conductingresearchonconsumerbehaviour.D)Observingthechangesinmarketing.17.A)Itisachiefconcernofparents. B)Itisanactofsocialising.C)Itisthecauseofmanystreetriots. D)Itisgettingworseyearbyyear.18.A)Theyresearchedtheimpactofmobilephonesonyoungpeople.B)Theyspentaweekstudyingtheirownpurchasingbehaviour.C)Theyconductedathoroughresearchonadvertising.D)Theyanalysedtheirfamilybudgetsovertheyears.Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19.A)Itislikelytogiveuppapermoneyinthenearfuture.B)Itisthefirstcountrytousecreditcardsintheworld.C)Itistryinghardtodoawaywithdirtymoney.D)Itishelpingitsbankstoimproveefficiency.20.A)Whetheritispossibletotravelwithoutcarryinganyphysicalcurrency.B)Whetheritispossibletopredicthowmuchmoneyoneisgoingtospend.C)Whethertheabsenceofphysicalcurrencyisgoingtoaffecteverydaylife.D)Whethertheabsenceofphysicalcurrencycausesapersontospendmore.21.A)Thecashinherhandbagwasmissing. B)Theserviceonthetrainwasnotgood.C)Therestaurantcaracceptedcashonly. D)Therewasnofoodserviceonthetrain.22.A)Bydrawingmoneyweekbyweek. B)Byputtingmoneyintoenvelopes.C)Bylimitingtheirday-to-dayspending. D)Byrefusingtobuyanythingoncredit.Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.23. A)Populationexplosion. B)Extinctionofrarespecies.C)Chronichunger. D)Environmentaldeterioration.24. A)Abouthalfofthemareunintended. B)Theycontributetooverpopulation.C)Theyhavebeenbroughtundercontrol. D)Themajorityofthemtendtoendhalfway.25. A)Itisbeginningtoattractpostgraduates’attention.B)Itisneglectedinmanyofthedevelopingcountries.C)Itisbecomingasubjectofinterdisciplinaryresearch.D)Itisessentialtothewellbeingofallspeciesonearth.PartⅢ ReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Let’sallstopjudgingpeoplewhotalktothemselves.Newresearchsaysthatthosewhocan’tseemtokeeptheirinnermonologues(獨白）inareactuallymorelikelytostayontask,remain(26)_______betterandshowimprovedperceptioncapabilities.Notbad,really,forsomeextramuttering.AccordingtoaseriesofexperimentspublishedintheQuarterlyJournalofExperimentalPsychologybyprofessorsGaryLupyanandDanielSwignley,theactofusingverbalcluesto(27)_______mentalpictureshelpspeoplefunctionquicker.Inoneexperiment,theyshowedpicturesofvariousobjectstotwenty(28)_______;andaskedthemtofindjustoneofthose,abanana.Halfwere(29)_______torepeatoutloudwhattheywerelookingforandtheotherhalfkepttheirlips(30)_______Thosewhotalkedtothemselvesfoundthebananaslightlyfasterthanthosewhodidn’t,theresearcherssay.Inotherexperiments,LupyanandSwignleyfoundthat(31)_______thenameofacommonproductwhenonthehuntforithelpedquickensomeone’space，buttalkingaboutuncommonitemsshowednoadvantageandslowedyoudown.Commonresearchhaslongheldthattalkingthemselvesthroughataskhelpschildrenlearn,althoughdoingsowhenyou’ve(32)_______maturedisnotagreatsignof(33)_______.Thetwoprofessorshopetorefutethatidea,(34)_______thatjustaswhenkidswalkthemselvesthroughaprocess,adultscanbenefitfromusinglanguagenotjusttocommunicate,butalsotohelp“augmentthinking”.Ofcourse,youarestillencouragedtokeepthetalkingatlibrarytonesand,whateveryoudo,keeptheinformationyousharesimple,likeagrocerylist.Atany(35)_______，there’sstillsuchathingastoomuchinformation.ApparentlyArroganceBrillianceClaimingDedicatedFocusedIncurInstructedObscurelySealedSpectatorsTriggerUtteringVolumeVolunteersSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.RichChildrenandPoorOnesAreRaisedVeryDifferently[A]ThelivesofchildrenfromrichandpoorAmericanfamilieslookmoredifferentthaneverbefore.[B]Well-offfamiliesareruledbycalendars,withchildrenenrolledinballet,soccerandafter-schoolprograms,accordingtoanewPewResearchCentersurvey.Thereareusuallytwoparents,whospendalotoftimereadingtochildrenandworryingabouttheiranxietylevelsandhecticschedules.[C]Inpoorfamilies,meanwhile,childrentendtospendtheirtimeathomeorwithextendedfamily.Theyaremorelikelytogrowupinneighborhoodsthattheirparentssayaren’tgreatforraisingchildren,andtheirparentsworryaboutthemgettingshot,beatenuporintroublewiththelaw.[D]Theclassdifferencesinchildrearingaregrowing—asymptomofwideninginequalitywithfar-reachingconsequences.Differentupbringingssetchildrenondifferentpathsandcandeepensocioeconomicdivisions,especiallybecauseeducationisstronglylinkedtoearnings.Childrengrowuplearningtheskillstosucceedintheirsocioeconomicstratum(階層)，butnotnecessarilyothers.[E]“Earlychildhoodexperiencescanbeveryconsequentialforchildren’slong-termsocial,emotionalandcognitivedevelopment,’’saidSeanReardon,professorofpovertyandinequalityineducationatStanfordUniversity.“Andbecausethoseinfluenceeducationalsuccessandlaterearnings,earlychildhoodexperiencescastalifelongshadow.”Thecyclecontinues:Poorparentshavelesstimeandfewerresourcestoinvestintheirchildren,whichcanleavechildrenlesspreparedforschoolandwork,whichleadstolowerearnings.[F]Americanparentswantsimilarthingsfortheirchildren,thePewreportandpastresearchhavefound:forthemtobehealthyandhappy,honestandethical,caringandcompassionate.Thereisnobestparentingstyleorphilosophy,researcherssay,andacrossincomegroups,92%ofparentssaytheyaredoingagoodjobatraisingtheirchildren.Yettheyaredoingitquitedifferently.Middle-classandhigher-incomeparentsseetheirchildrenasprojectsinneedofcarefulcultivation,saysAnnetteLareau,whosegroundbreakingresearchonthetopicwaspublishedinherbookUnequalChildhoods:Class,RaceandFamilyLife.Theytrytodeveloptheirskillsthroughclosesupervisionandorganizedactivities,andteachchildrentoquestionauthorityfiguresandnavigateeliteinstitutions.[G]Working-classparents,meanwhile,believetheirchildrenwillnaturallythrive,andgivethemfargreaterindependenceandtimeforfreeplay.Theyaretaughttobecompliantandrespectfultoadults.Therearebenefitstobothapproaches.Working-classchildrenarehappier,moreindependent,complainlessandareclosertofamilymembers,Ms.Lareaufound.Higher-incomechildrenaremorelikelytodeclareboredomandexpecttheirparentstosolvetheirproblems.Yetlateron,themoreaffluentchildrenendupincollegeandonthewaytothemiddleclass,whileworking-classchildrentendtostruggle.Childrenfromhigher-incomefamiliesarelikelytohavetheskillstonavigatebureaucraciesandsucceedinschoolsandworkplaces,Ms.Lareausaid.[H]“Doallparentswantthemostsuccessfortheirchildren?Absolutely,”shesaid.“Dosomestrategiesgivechildrenmoreadvantagesthanothersininstitutions?Probablytheydo.Willparentsbedamagingchildreniftheyhaveonefewerorganizedactivity?No,Ireallydoubtit.”[I]Socialscientistssaythedifferencesariseinpartbecauselow-incomeparentshavelessmoneytospendonmusicclassorpreschool,andlessflexibleschedulestotakechildrentomuseumsorattendschoolevents.ExtracurricularactivitiesreflectthedifferencesinchildrearinginthePewsurvey,whichwasofanationallyrepresentativesampleof1,807parents.Offamiliesearningmorethat$75,000ayear,84%saytheirchildrenhaveparticipatedinorganizedsportsoverthepastyear,64%havedonevolunteerworkand62%havetakenlessonsinmusic,danceorart.Offamiliesearninglessthan$30,000,59%ofchildrenhavedonesports,37%havevolunteeredand41%havetakenartsclasses.[J]Especiallyinaffluentfamilies,childrenstartyoung.Nearlyhalfofhigh-earning,college-graduateparentsenrolledtheirchildreninartsclassesbeforetheywere5,comparedwithone.fifthoflow-income,less-educatedparents.Nonetheless,20%ofwell-offparentssaytheirchildren’sschedulesaretoohectic,comparedwith8%ofpoorerparents.[K]Anotherexampleisreadingaloud,whichstudieshaveshowngiveschildrenbiggervocabulariesandbetterreadingcomprehensioninschool.71%ofparentswithacollegedegreesaytheydoiteveryday,comparedwith33%ofthosewithahighschooldiplomaorless.Whiteparentsaremorelikelythanothertoreadtotheirchildrendaily,asaremarriedparents.Mostaffluentparentsenrolltheirchildreninpreschoolordaycare,whilelow-incomeparentsaremorelikelytodependonfamilymembers.Disciplinetechniquesvarybyeducationlevel:8%ofthosewithapostgraduatedegreesaytheyoftenbeattheirchildren,comparedwith22%ofthosewithahighschooldegreeorless.[L]Thesurveyalsoprobedattitudesandanxieties.Interestingly,parents’attitudestowardeducationdonotseemtoreflecttheirowneducationalbackgroundasmuchasabeliefintheimportanceofeducationforupwardmobility.MostAmericanparentssaytheyarenotconcernedabouttheirchildren’sgradesaslongastheyworkhard.But50%ofpoorparentssayitisextremelyimportanttothemthattheirchildrenearnacollegedegree,comparedwith39%ofwealthierparents.[M]Less-educatedparents,andpoorerandblackandLatinoparentsaremorelikelytobelievethatthereisnosuchthingastoomuchinvolvementinachild’seducation.Parentswhoarewhite,wealthyorcollege-educatedsaytoomuchinvolvementcanbebad.Parentalanxietiesreflecttheircircumstances.High-earningparentsaremuchmorelikelytosaytheyliveinagoodneighborhoodforraisingchildren.Whilebullyingisparents’greatestconcernoverall,nearlyhalfoflow-incomeparentsworrytheirchildwillgetshot,comparedwithone-fifthofhigh-incomeparents.Theyaremoreworriedabouttheirchildrenbeingdepressedoranxious.[N]InthePewsurvey,middle-classfamiliesearningbetween$30,000and$75,000ayearfellrightbetweenworking-classandhigh-earningparentsonissueslikethequalityoftheirneighborhoodforraisingchildren,participationinextracurricularactivitiesandinvolvementintheirchildren’seducation.[O]Childrenwerenotalwaysraisedsodifferently.Theachievementgapbetweenchildrenfromhigh-andlow-incomefamiliesis30-40%largeramongchildrenbornin2001thanthoseborn25yearsearlier,accordingtoMr.Reardon’sresearch.Peopleusedtolivenearpeopleofdifferentincomelevels;neighborhoodsarenowmoresegregatedbyincome.Morethanaquarterofchildrenliveinsingleparenthouseholds—ahistorichigh,accordingtoPew—andthesechildrenarethreetimesaslikelytoliveinpovertyasthosewholivewithmarriedparents.Meanwhile,growingincomeinequalityhascoincidedwiththeincreasingimportanceofacollegedegreeforearningamiddle-classwage.[P]Yettherearerecentsignsthatthegapcouldbestartingtoshrink.Inthepastdecade,evenasincomeinequalityhasgrown,someofthesocioeconomicdifferencesinparenting,likereadingtochildrenandgoingtolibraries,havenarrowed.[Q]Publicpoliciesaimedatyoungchildrenhavehelped,includingpublicpreschoolprogramsandreadinginitiatives.Addressingdifferencesintheearliestyears,itseems,couldreduceinequalityinthenext,generation.Working-classparentsteachtheirchildrentobeobedientandshowrespecttoadults.Americanparents,whetherrichorpoor,havesimilarexpectationsoftheirchildrendespitedifferent waysofparenting.38.Whilerichparentsaremoreconcernedwiththeirchildren’spsychologicalwell-being,poorparents aremoreworriedabouttheirchildren’ssafety.39.Theincreasingdifferencesinchildrearingbetweenrichandpoorfamiliesreflectgrowingsocial inequality.40.Parentingapproachesofworking-classandaffluentfamiliesbothhaveadvantages.41.Higher-incomefamiliesandworking-classfamiliesnowtendtoliveindifferentneighborhoods.42.Physicalpunishmentisusedmuchlessbywell-educatedparents.43.Ms.Lareaudoesn’tbelieveparticipatinginfewerafter-classactivitieswillnegativelyaffectchildren’sdevelopment.44.Wealthyparentsareconcernedabouttheirchildren’smentalhealthandbusyschedules.45.Somesocioeconomicdifferencesinchildrearinghaveshrunkinthepasttenyears.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Tennessee’stechnicalandcommunitycollegeswillnotoutsource(夕卜包）managementoftheirfacilitiestoaprivatecompany,adecisiononeleadersaidwasbolsteredbyananalysisofspendingateachcampus.InanemailsentMondaytocollegepresidentsintheTennesseeBoardofRegentssystem,outgoingChancellorJohnMorgansaidaninternalanalysisshowedthateachcampus’spendingonfacilitiesmanagementfellwellbelowtheindustrystandardsidentifiedbythestate.Morgansaidthosefindings—whichincludeddatafromthesystem’s13communitycolleges,27technicalcollegesandsixuniversities—werepartofthedecisionnottomoveforwardwithGovernorBillHaslam’sproposaltoprivatizemanagementofstatebuildingsinanefforttosavemoney.“Whilethesenumbersarestillbeingvalidatedbythestate,wefeelanyadjustmentstheymightsuggestwillbeimmaterial,”Morganwrotetothepresidents.“Systeminstitutionsareoperatingveryefficientlybasedonthisanalysis,raisingthequestionofthevalueofpursuingabroadscaleoutsourcinginitiative.”Workers，advocateshavecriticizedHaslam’splan,sayingitwouldmeansomecampusworkerswouldlosetheirjobsorbenefits.Haslamhassaidcollegeswouldbefreetooptinoroutoftheoutsourcingplan,whichhasnotbeenfinalized.MorgannotifiedtheHaslamadministrationofhisdecisiontooptoutinalettersentlastweek.Thatletter,whichincludesseveralconcernsMorganhaswiththeplan,wasoriginallyobtainedbyTheCommercialAppealinMemphis.Inanemailstatementfromthestate’sOfficeofCustomerFocusedGovernment,whichisexaminingthepossibilityofoutsourcing,spokeswomanMichelleR.MartinsaidofficialswerestillworkingtoanalyzethedatafromtheBoardofRegents.Dataonmanagementexpensesatthecollegesystemandinotherstatedepartmentswillbepartofa“businessjustification”thestatewilluseasofficialsdeliberatethespecificsofanoutsourcingplan.“Thestate’sfacilitiesmanagementprojectteamisstillintheprocessofdevelopingitsbusinessjustificationandexpectstohavethatcompletedandavailabletothepublicattheendofFebruary,Martinsaid.“Atthistimethereisnothingtotakeactiononsincetheanalysishasyettobecompleted.”Morgan’scommentsonoutsourcingmarkthesecondtimethismonththathehascomeoutagainstoneofHaslam’splansforhighereducationinTennessee.MorgansaidlastweekthathewouldretireattheendofJanuarybecauseofthegovernor’sproposaltosplitoffsixuniversitiesoftheBoardofRegentssystemandcreateseparategoverningboardsforeachofthem.Inhisresignationletter,Morgancalledthereorganization“unworkable.”WhatdowelearnaboutthedecisionoftechnicalandcommunitycollegesinTennessee?A)Itisbackedbyacampusspendinganalysis. B)Ithasbeenflatlyrejectedbythegovernor.C)Ithasneglectedtheirfaculty’sdemands. D)Itwillimprovetheirfinancialsituation.47.Whatdoesthecampusspendinganalysisreveal?A)Privatecompaniesplayabigroleincampusmanagement.B)Facilitiesmanagementbycollegesismorecost-effective.C)Facilitiesmanagementhasgreatlyimprovedinrecentyears.D)Collegesexercisefullcontrolovertheirownfinancialaffairs.48.Worker’supportersarguethatBillHaslam’sproposalwould_______.A)deprivecollegesoftherighttomanagetheirfacilitiesB)makeworkerslessmotivatedinperformingdutiesC)renderanumberofcampusworkersjoblessD)leadtotheprivatizationofcampusfacilities49.Whatdowelearnfromthestatespokeswoman’sresponsetoJohnMorgan’sdecision?A)Theoutsourcingplanisnotyetfinalized. B)Theoutsourcingplanwillbeimplemented.C)Thestateofficialsareconfidentabouttheoutsourcingplan.D)Thecollegespendinganalysisjustifiestheoutsourcingplan.50.WhydidJohnMorgandecidetoresign?A)HehadlostconfidenceintheTennesseestategovernment.B)Hedisagreedwiththegovernoronhighereducationpolicies.C)Hethoughtthestate’soutsourcingproposalwassimplyunworkable.D)Heopposedthegovernor’splantoreconstructthecollegeboardsystem.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Beginninginthelatesixteenthcentury,itbecamefashionableforyoungaristocratstovisitParis,Venice,Florence,andaboveall,Rome,astheculmination(終極）oftheirclassicaleducation.ThuswasborntheideaoftheGrandTour,apracticewhichintroducedEnglishmen,Germans,Scandinavians,andalsoAmericanstotheartandcultureofFranceandItalyforthenext300years.Travelwasarduousandcostlythroughouttheperiod,possibleonlyforaprivilegedclass—thesamethatproducedgentlemenscientists,authors,antiqueexperts,andpatronsofthearts.TheGrandTouristwastypicallyayoungmanwithathoroughgroundinginGreekandLatinliteratureaswellassomeleisuretime,somemeans,andsomeinterestinart.TheGermantravelerJohannWinckelmannpioneeredthefieldofarthistorywithhiscomprehensivestudyofGreekandRomansculpture;hewasportrayedbyhisfriendAntonRaphaelMengsatthebeginningofhislongresidenceinRome.MostGrandTourists,however,stayedforbrieferperiodsandsetoutwithlessscholarlyintentions,accompaniedbyateacherorguardian,andexpectedtoreturnhomewithsouvenirsoftheirtravelsaswellasanunderstandingofartandarchitectureformedbyexposuretogreatmasterpieces.LondonwasafrequentstaringpointforGrandTourists,andParisacompulsorydestination;manytraveledtotheNetherlands,sometoSwitzerlandandGermany,andaveryfewadventurerstoSpain,Greece,orTurkey.Theessentialplacetovisit,however,wasItaly.TheBritishtravelerCharlesThompsonspokeformanyGrandTouristswhenin1744hedescribedhimselfas“beingimpatientlydesirousofviewingacountrysofamousinhistory,acountrywhichoncegavelawstotheworld,andwhichisatpresentthegreatestschoolofmusicandpainting,containsthenoblestproductionsofsculptureandarchitecture,andisfilledwithcabinetsofrarities,andcollectionsofallkindsofhistoricalrelics.”WithinItaly,thegreatfocuswasRome,whoseancientruinsandmorerecentachievementswereshowntoeveryGrandTourist.Panini’sAncientRomeandModemRomerepresentthesightsmostprized,includingcelebratedGreco-Romanstatuesandviewsoffamousruins,fountains,andchurches.SincetherewerefewmuseumsanywhereinEuropebeforethecloseoftheeighteenthcentury,GrandTouristsoftensawpaintingsandsculpturesbygainingadmissiontoprivatecollections,andmanywereeagertoacquireexamplesofGreco-RomanandItalianartfortheirowncollections.InEngland,wherearchitecturewasincreasinglyseenasanaristocraticpursuit,noblemenoftenappliedwhattheylearnedfromthevillasofPalladiointheVenetoandtheevocative(喚起回憶的）ruinsofRometotheirowncountryhousesandgardens.51. WhatissaidabouttheGrandTour?A)Itwasfashionableamongyoungpeopleofthetime.B)Itwasunaffordableforordinarypeople.C)ItproducedsomefamousEuropeanartists.D)Itmadeacompulsorypartofcollegeeducation.52.WhatdidGrandTouristshaveincommon?A)Theyhadmuchgeographicknowledge.B)Theywerecourageousandventuresome.C)Theywereversedinliteratureandinterestedinart.D)Theyhadenoughtravelandoutdoor-lifeexperience.53.HowdidGrandTouristsbenefitfromtheirtravel?A)Theyfoundinspirationintheworld’sgreatestmasterpieces.B)Theygotabetterunderstandingofearlyhumancivilization.C)Theydevelopedaninterestintheoriginofmodemartforms.D)Theygainedsomeknowledgeofclassicalartandarchitecture.54.WhydidmanyGr