英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法 虛擬語(yǔ)氣

Thesubjunctivemood整理ppt語(yǔ)氣英語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞一般可帶有三種不同的語(yǔ)氣：陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。不同的語(yǔ)氣用動(dòng)詞的不同形式（有的還借助句法形式）來(lái)表示。整理ppt虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣是一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式，一是用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是一個(gè)事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、懷疑等(在條件從句中或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中)；一是表示說(shuō)話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等(在賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的概念整理ppt

一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中虛擬條件句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)與過(guò)去相反的假設(shè)與將來(lái)相反的假設(shè)If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（動(dòng)詞be用were)主語(yǔ)+should,would,might,could＋動(dòng)詞原形If+主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)＋should,would,might,could＋havedone1、If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式2、If+主語(yǔ)+wereto+動(dòng)詞原形3、If+主語(yǔ)+should+動(dòng)詞原形主語(yǔ)＋should,wouldmight,could＋動(dòng)詞原形整理ppteg:IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendthemeeting.

Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.

IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.如果我是你，我就會(huì)努力學(xué)習(xí)．如果我知道他的電話號(hào)碼，我就給他打電話了．如果明天下雨的話，我們會(huì)取消比賽．IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkharderatmylessons.IfIhadknownhistelephonenumber,Iwouldhavecalledhim.Ifitshould\weretorain,wewouldcalloffthematch.Morepractice:整理ppt使用虛擬條件句要注意的幾點(diǎn)：１．當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為：錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句“，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整．Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.如果你聽(tīng)我的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)痊愈了．如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)是大學(xué)生了．整理ppt２．省略句

在條件句中，可省略if，把were,had,should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式．IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.WereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.整理ppt二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞從句中的運(yùn)用（1）用于賓語(yǔ)從句１、wish后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中。一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為：表現(xiàn)在過(guò)去時(shí)表過(guò)去過(guò)去完成時(shí)表將來(lái)would,might,could＋動(dòng)詞原形Iwish(that)Iwereabird.Iwish(that)Ihadseenthefilmlastnight.Iwish(that)Iwould\couldgo.整理ppt2.用于表示命令、建議、要求等一類詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,require,request,demand,etc.Wesuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Theyinsistedthattheboy(should)gowiththem.注意：suggest當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明“講時(shí)，insist表示”堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為“之意時(shí)，應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.他臉上的表情表明他對(duì)我們的工作很滿意．那個(gè)人堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他沒(méi)有偷錢．整理ppt

在suggestion/proposal/order/plan/advice/idea/request等名詞后的表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)從句中要用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”should可以省略．（2）用于表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句Myideaisthatwe(should)thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.Mysuggestionthatwe(should)haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers.Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.整理pptA.在句型“Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural)that....”中，that后面的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用：should+動(dòng)詞原形我們有必要出去散散步。It’snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.

2

她這樣做是很自然的。

It’snaturalthatsheshoulddoso.

3

重要的是我們要照顧好病人。

It’simportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.

（3）虛擬語(yǔ)氣在在主語(yǔ)從句中整理pptB.在Itisapity/ashame/nowonderthat…..句型中從句也常用(should)+動(dòng)詞原型It’sapitythatyou(should)missagoodchance.整理ppt

1.

Itis(high/about)timethat…從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或should＋動(dòng)詞原形，should不能省略．三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在其他從句中Itishightimethatyouwent/shouldgotoschool.2.Ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（要是．．．該有多好啊)表示現(xiàn)在的情況,應(yīng)用過(guò)去式;如果是過(guò)去的情況,應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)

IfonlyIknewtheanswer!IfonlyIhadseenthefilmyesterday!整理ppt3.wouldrather+從句動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去完成時(shí)

Iwouldratheryoutoldmethetruth.IwouldratheryouhadgonetherelastSunday.4.

asif(asthough)看起來(lái)常用虛擬形式，即表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，用過(guò)去式；與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反用過(guò)去完成式(haddone).Hetreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson.Hespokeasifhehadknownaboutit.整理ppt四情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedonecouldhavedone本來(lái)可以---mighthavedone本來(lái)可能---should/oughttohavedone本來(lái)應(yīng)該做---shouldn’t/oughtnottohavedone本不該做--

你本不應(yīng)該告訴她真相。Youshouldn’thavetoldherthetruth.needn’thavedone本不必做---

比較：didn’tneedtodo沒(méi)必要做也沒(méi)有做---我沒(méi)必要擦窗戶。我兄弟做了Ididn’tneedtocleanthewindows.Mybrotherdidit.整理pptChoosethebestanswer:Itisstrangethatthelittleboy_____speaktwoforeignlanguages.A.couldb.canC.shouldD.would2.Hegaveordersthattheexperiment____before5:30pm.A.befinishedB.willfinishC.mustbefinished4.WithouttheleadershipoftheParty,there____noNewChina.A.wouldbeB.hasbeenC.shouldbeD.wasCAA整理ppt5.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe_____there.hadbeen

B.hasbeen

C.was

D.hasgone6.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_____nothingwrongand_____free.A.did;set

B.haddone;shouldbeset

C.shoulddo;beset

D.haddone;mustbeset7.Hadyoul