2018年6月研究生英語學(xué)位課統(tǒng)考(GET)真題試卷(題后含答案及解析)

2018年6月研究生英語學(xué)位課統(tǒng)考（GET）真題試卷(題后含答案及解析)題型有：1.LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION2.VOCABULARY3.CLOZE4.READINGCOMPREHENSION5.TRANSLATION6.WRITINGLISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONSectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearnineshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversationaquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbereadonlyonce.Choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.聽力原文：1.W:ThereisnothingIlikebetterthantakingawalkoverthesehillsontheweekends.Thetreesaretallandfantastic.M:Thetrees?Whataboutthegrassandwildflowers?Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?2.W:John,doyoustillaskJaneoutrecently?M:Myrelationshipwithherisalreadyhistory.I’mnolongerherMr.Right.Q:WhatcanwelearnaboutJohn?3.M:Ihearyouhaveappliedforseveraluniversitiesinthiscity.Haveyoureceivedanynotificationofadmission?W:Ihaven’theardanythingyet,butIbelieveinmyself.Thereisnoneedtoworry.Q:Whatcanwelearnaboutthiswoman?4.W:Professor,Ihadputalotofeffortintothisessay.Iwasquitesatisfiedwithit.ButIdon’tunderstandwhyyougavemeaB.M:Theacademicvalueofanessayliesininnovativeandindependentideas,notintheamountofworkittakes.Q:Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheessay?5.W:Areyoureadyforthefinalexam?M:Notquite.Thephysicsexamistheonlycloudonthehorizon.I’msureI’lldofineintheothercourses.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?1．A．Hedoesn’tseemtolikethetreesthere.B．Healsolikesthegrassandflowersthere.C．Heismoreinterestedinthetreesthere.D．Heseesneithergrassnorflowersthere.正確答案：B解析：女士說：在周末我最喜歡做的事就是來這些山里散步。樹高聳入云，而且非常美麗。男士說：樹?草和野花不算了?2．A．JohnandJanearestudyinghistory.B．JohnisstilldatingwithJane.C．Johnhasmadesomemistakes.D．JohnhasbrokenupwithJane.正確答案：D解析：女士說：約翰，你最近還和珍妮約會嗎?男士說：我跟她的戀愛已成為歷史。我不再是她的白馬王子了。3．A．Sheisquiteconfidentaboutherself.B．Sheisworriedaboutheradmission.C．Shehasreceivedacoupleofoffers.D．Sheistakingcoursesatvariedschools.正確答案：A解析：男士說：我聽說你申請了本市的幾所大學(xué)。接到錄取通知書了嗎?女士說：還沒有任何消息。但我相信自己，沒必要著急。4．A．Highquality,buttoolong.B．Notinnovativeenough.C．Notfinishedonherown.D．Writtenwithoutmucheffort.正確答案：B解析：女士說：教授，這篇論文我沒少下功夫。我很滿意，但我不明白您為什么給我打分是B?男士說：一篇論文的學(xué)術(shù)價值在于有創(chuàng)新而獨(dú)立的思想，不在于付出多少努力。5．A．Heisquitegoodatphysics.B．Heisreadyforthefinalexam.C．Heisrelativelypooratphysics.D．Hefearsthathemayfailtheexam.正確答案：C解析：女士說：你期末考試準(zhǔn)備好了?男士說：不太有把握。物理考試是我唯一感到有麻煩的科目，其他科目我問題不大。acloudonthehorizon是個成語，其含義是asignoftroubleordifficultytocome(預(yù)示麻煩)。聽力原文：6.M:HaveyoureadthebookIlentyouyesterday?Iwonderedifthiswasthekindofbookyouwouldbeinterestedin.W:Ihadsomedoubtatfirst.ButonceIstartedreadingthisbook,Isimplycouldn’ttearmyselfawayfromit.Q:Whatdoesthiswomanmean?7.M:Ihaveneverseenyoudrivingacar.Doyouhaveyourdrivinglicense?W:Yes,Ihave.ButdrivingalongstreetsinBeijingisnotmuchfun.It’sanightmarewhenIgetbehindthewheelduringrushhour.That’swhyI’mscaredofdriving.Q:Whatcanwelearnaboutthiswoman?8.M:HowareyoudoingwithyourPhDprogram?W:Notverywell.IhavetopublishtwoSCIpapersbeforeIcangetmydegree,butIcan’taffordthetimetodosomanyexperiments.M:Whynotaskyourroommateforhelp?W:Sheseemstoturnablindeyetomytrouble.Q:Whatcanwelearnaboutthiswoman?9.W:Philip,Ihavesometroubleshuttingdownmycomputer.Wouldyoupleasecomeandhavealook?M:Sure,butI’mtiedupwithmyPPTatthemoment.It’snobigdeal.Q:Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodo?6．A．Shewasinterestedinthisbook.B．Shedidn’tbelieveinthisbook.C．Shedidn’treadthisbookatall.D．Shetorethebookintopieces.正確答案：A解析：男士說：你讀了我昨天借給你的那本書了嗎?我在想你會不會對這種書感興趣。女士說：我最初也沒把握。但我一讀這本書就發(fā)現(xiàn)被它迷住了。7．A．Shehasnodrivinglicense.B．SheenjoysdrivinginBeijing.C．ShefindsdrivinginBeijingscary.D．Sheavoidsgoingoutduringrushhour.正確答案：C解析：男士說：我從未見你開過車。你有駕照嗎?女士說：有。但在北京的大街上開車不是享受。交通高峰期間開車對我來說是場噩夢。這就是我恐懼開車的原因。8．A．Shewillaskherroommateforhelp.B．Shehassometroublewithresearch.C．ShehaspublishedtwoSCIpapers.D．SheisgoingtoquitthePhDprogram.正確答案：B解析：男士說：你讀博順利嗎?女士說：不順利。要拿博士學(xué)位必須發(fā)表兩篇SCI論文。但我沒時間完成那么多實驗。男士說：為何不請你室友幫忙呢?女士說：她好像對我的煩惱視而不見。9．A．Helpthewomanwithhercomputer.B．ShowhisPPTtothiswoman.C．Requestsomemoneyfromthiswoman.D．AskthewomantohelphimwithhisPPT.正確答案：A解析：女士說：菲利普，我的電腦無法關(guān)機(jī)了，你過來看看好嗎?男士說：好，但我在忙于我的PPT。這是小事一樁。SectionBDirections:Inthissectionyouwillheartwomini-talks.Attheendofeachtalk,therewillbesomequestions.Boththetalksandthequestionswillbereadtoyouonlyonce.Aftereachquestion,therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.聽力原文：Whensomeoneperformsanactionthatbenefitsthecommunity,itisknownascommunityservice.Inmostcases,communityserviceischaritable.Communityserviceincludessuchactivitiesastutoringchildren,buildinghomesinlow-incomeareas,assistingtheelderly,socializinganimalsatanimalshelters,workingasamuseumguide,orhelpingwithurbanbeautification.Communityserviceisperformedbyvolunteerswhoarenotpaidfortheirtime.Manysmallorganizationsrelyonpeoplewithasenseofcommunityspirittosurvive.Peopleengageincommunityserviceoutofgenerosityoradesiretoconnectwiththeircommunities.Forpeoplewhoarenewtoacommunity,communityservicecanhelpthemtolearnmoreabouttheirneighborhood.Communityservicemayalsoberequiredforthingslikehighschoolgraduationormembershipinanorganization,inwhichcasetheschoolororganizationoftenhelpstoorganizesuchopportunities.Accordingtostatistics,over60percentofAmericanteenagersabove12yearsoldperformcommunityservice.Mosthighschoolsrequireaminimumof40-50hoursofcommunityserviceforgraduation.Manypeoplebelievethatcommunityservicecarriesrewardsbeyondtheobviousandvisible.Clearly,engaginginthingslikeenvironmentalrestorationandbeautificationwillmakeyourlifeenjoyable.Butcommunityservicecanalsohelptoensurethatimportantserviceslikemealsfortheelderlyandvolunteerfiredepartmentscontinuetorun.Italsohelpstobuildasupportivecommunityofpeoplewhoknoweachotherandlendeachotherahandwhenitisneeded.Q10:Whichofthefollowingisnotconsideredcommunityservice?Q11:WhatistherequirementforcommunityserviceinAmericanhighschools?Q12:Whatcancommunityservicehelptodo?10．A．Tutoringchildren.B．Workingatanimalshelters.C．Servingasamuseumguide.D．Donatingmoneytocharity.正確答案：D解析：“下面的項目中哪一個不屬于義務(wù)勞動?”Communityserviceincludessuchactivitiesastutoringchildren，buildinghomesinlow-incomeareas，assistingtheelderly,socializinganimalsatanimalshelters，workingasamuseumguide，orhelpingwithurbanbeautification．社區(qū)義務(wù)勞動包括輔導(dǎo)孩子、在低收入地區(qū)建房、幫助老年人、在動物收容中心照顧動物、在博物館當(dāng)解說員或幫助美化城市。11．A．About12yearsofcommunityservice.B．40-50hoursofcommunityserviceatleast.C．60%oftheirfreetimeoncommunityservice.D．Roughly30hoursofcommunityservice.正確答案：B解析：“美國中學(xué)對義務(wù)勞動有什么要求?”Mosthighschoolsrequireaminimumof40-50hoursofcommunityserviceforgraduation．多數(shù)中學(xué)要求學(xué)生至少從事40到50小時的社區(qū)義務(wù)勞動才能畢業(yè)。12．A．Makefriendswithseniorcitizens.B．Savesomemoneyformeals.C．Findagooddepartmenttostudy.D．Buildasupportivecommunity.正確答案：D解析：“從事義務(wù)勞動有什么作用?”Italsohelpstobuildasupportivecommunityofpeoplewhoknoweachotherandlendeachotherahandwhenitisneeded．義務(wù)勞動有助于建立一個互助的社區(qū)，人們不僅彼此熟悉，而且互相幫忙。聽力原文：Overtheyears,thesamebagofgroceriesyouonceboughthasnowdoubledinprice.Tosaveyourselfmoney,youshouldlearnafewsimpletipsthatwillchangeyourbuyinghabits.Nevergoshoppingwhenyouare“starving”,becausewhenyouarehungryeverythinglooksgood,andyoubuymorethanyouneed,andeventhingsyoudon’tneed.Alsoavoidshoppingwiththekids.Childrenlovejunkfoodandthey’llbegyoutopurchasewhatyoudon’tneed.Makeitahabittoseewhatisonsale.Makealistofwhatyouneedtobuyandbuyonlywhatisonthelist.Useapencilandcheckofffooditemsasyouputthemintothecart.Wheneverythingonthelistischeckedoff,headforthecheckoutcounterandleavethestore.Buyonlytheamountoffoodyouwant.Ifthefoodiswrappedinapackageoffour,telltheclerkthatyouonlyneedtwo.Hewillopenthepackageandgiveyouwhatyouaskfor.Donotbuyfruitsalreadycutupandsoldinaplasticcontainer.Youarepayingdoubleforhavingsomeonecutthemelonsintosmallpieces,soyoushouldbuyawholemelonandcutityourself,whichwilltakeyouonlyafewminutestodoathome.Avoidbuyingproducethatispackagedorbagged.Trybuyingproductswhereyoucanselectthemindividually,soyoucanseethequalityofwhatyouaregetting.Weighwhatyoubuyandputitintotheplasticbagsthathangnearthescales.Q13:Whatdoyouhavetoavoiddoingatasupermarket?Q14:Whyisitunwisetobuyfruitswrappedinaplasticcontainer?Q15:Whatisthispassagetryingtotellus?13．A．Shoppingwithyourkids.B．Buyinganyfood.C．Tastingjunkfood.D．Shoppingafterameal.正確答案：A解析：“你在超市應(yīng)該避免做什么?”Alsoavoidshoppingwiththekids．此外，要避免帶孩子購物。14．A．Becausethisisnothealthy.B．Becausetoolittleisinthecontainer.C．Becauseyouhavetopaymore.D．Becausefruitscangobadeasily.正確答案：C解析：“為什么購買包裝在塑料盒里的水果是犯傻?”Youarepayingdoubleforhavingsomeonecutthemelonsintosmallpieces．讓別人把西瓜切成小塊，你要付雙份錢。15．A．Whattobuyataconvenienceshop.B．Howtosavemoneywhileshopping.C．Whyweshopatasupermarket.D．Wheretobuyfreshfruits.正確答案：B解析：“這篇文章的主題是什么?”購物時如何省錢。SectionCDirections:Inthissectionyouwillbearashortlecture.Listentotherecordingandcompletethenotesaboutthelecture.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.AftertherecordingyouareaskedtowritedownyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.Younowhave25secondstoreadthenotesbelow.聽力原文：Scientistssaythatairpollutioncausesmoreharmtothelungs,heartandbrainthanwasestimated.Airpollutionhasbecomeamajorcontributortostrokeforthefirsttime.Uncleanairisbelievedtoaccountfornearlyonethirdoftheyearsofhealthylifelosttotheconditionworldwide.Inasurveyofglobalriskfactorsforstrokes,airpollutionintheformofPM2.5rankedseventhintermsofitsimpactonhealthylifespan,whilehouseholdairpollutionfromburningsolidfuelsrankedeighth.About15millionpeopleayearsufferfromastrokeworldwide.Nearlysixmilliondie,andfivemillionareleftwithpermanentdisabilities,suchaslossofsightandspeech.Themostimportantcontributorstostrokeworldwideincludedhighbloodpressure,adietlowinfruit,obesity,ahighsaltdiet,smoking,andnoteatingenoughvegetables.Nearlythreequartersoftheglobalburdenofstrokewaslinkedtolifestylechoices,suchassmoking,baddietandinactivity,suggestingthatpeoplecandoalottoreducetheirriskofstroke.Thereisincreasingevidencethatairpollutionhassevereadversetoxiceffectsinmultiplepartsofthebodyfromconceptiontooldage.Asoneofthemainsourcesofairpollutioniscaremissions,stayingawayfromthestreets,especiallyatrushhour,oravoidingbusyroads,canhelpreduceexposuretoairpollution.Ondayswhenairpollutionishigh,peopleshouldstayindoorsasmuchaspossible.16．Uncleanairisbelievedto______(2words)nearlyonethirdoftheyearsofhealthylife....正確答案：accountfor解析：文中說：Uncleanairisbelievedtoaccountfornearlyonethirdoftheyearsofhealthylifelosttothecondition(stroke)worldwide．人們認(rèn)為全球因中風(fēng)而失去健康的歲月中，近三分之一與污染的空氣有關(guān)。17．...airpollution______(4words)PM2.5rankedseventhintermsofitsimpactonhealthylifespan....正確答案：intheformof解析：文中說：．．．a(chǎn)irpollutionintheformofPM2．5rankedseventhintermsofitsimpactonhealthylifespan．對健康壽命產(chǎn)生影響的因素當(dāng)中，PM2．5形式的空氣污染名列第七位。18．...andfivemillionareleftwithpermanentdisabilities,suchaslossof______(3words).正確答案：sightandspeech解析：文中說：．．．a(chǎn)ndfivemillionareleftwithpermanentdisabilities，suchaslossofsightandspeech．有五百萬人永遠(yuǎn)殘疾，如失去聽力和說話的能力。19．Thereis______(2words)thatairpollutionhassevereadversetoxiceffects....正確答案：increasingevidence解析：文中說：Thereisincreasingevidencethatairpollutionhassevereadversetoxiceffects越來越多的證據(jù)表明空氣污染產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的毒副作用。20．...stayingawayfromthestreets,especiallyatrushhour...,canhelp______(2words)toairpollution.正確答案：reduceexposure解析：文中說：…stayingawayfromthestreets，especiallyatrushhour…，canhelpreduceexposuretoairpollution．遠(yuǎn)離大街，特別是在高峰時段，有助于減少接觸空氣污染。VOCABULARYSectionADirections:Therearetenquestionsinthissection.Eachquestionisasentencewithonewordorphraseunderlined.BelowthesentencearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.Markthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.21．Thefindingsrevealthatthebenefitsofhavingchildrenbecamemorepronouncedwithage.A．noticeableB．prevalentC．negligibleD．redundant正確答案：A解析：該句意為：這些發(fā)現(xiàn)說明有孩子的好處隨著年齡而日趨突出。pronounced：明顯的；noticeable：明顯的，引人注目的；prevalent：普遍的，流行的；negligible：可以忽略不計的；redundant：累贅的，重復(fù)的，不簡明扼要的，下崗的。22．Troopsareneededtogetfoodtopeopleindesperateneedinthesedisaster-affectedareas.A．hopelessB．pressingC．enthusiasticD．dangerous正確答案：B解析：該句意為：需要部隊把食物送給災(zāi)區(qū)急需幫助的人。desperate：迫切的，不計后果的，嚴(yán)峻的，強(qiáng)烈的，絕望的；hopeless：無望的；pressing：急的，迫切的；enthusiastic：熱情的；dangerous：危險的。23．Theoldmanmadeseveralremarksabouttherainyweatherbeforehelitacigarette.A．symbolsB．expressionsC．commentsD．recollections正確答案：C解析：該句意為：這位老頭兒評論了幾句多雨的天氣，然后點著一支煙。remark：評論，話；symbol：象征，標(biāo)志；expression：表達(dá)，表情，表達(dá)法，詞組；comment：評論；recollection：回憶。24．Thisroadaccidentpromptedareviewofschoolsafetypolicyregardingschoolbuses.A．postponedB．inspiredC．hinderedD．withdrew正確答案：B解析：該句意為：這場車禍促使相關(guān)部門重新審查有關(guān)校車的學(xué)校安全規(guī)定。prompt：敏捷的，促使，刺激；postpone：推遲；inspire：激發(fā)，鼓勵；hinder：妨礙；withdraw：撤回，提取，收回。25．ShopownerscomplainedthatsalesweremarginallybetterinNovember.A．considerablyB．virtuallyC．constantlyD．slightly正確答案：D解析：該句意為：店主們抱怨11月份的銷售量略有好轉(zhuǎn)。marginally：略微，一點兒，某種程度上；considerably：大幅度地；virtually：幾乎，實際上；constantly：不斷地，總是；slightly：略微。26．Goodhealthcallsforapositiveoutlook,regularexerciseandagoodmood.A．a(chǎn)ttitudeB．outcomeC．prospectD．perspective正確答案：A解析：該句意為：健康需要積極的態(tài)度、經(jīng)常鍛煉和良好心態(tài)。outlook：觀點，態(tài)度，前景，期望；attitude：態(tài)度；outcome：結(jié)局；prospect：前景，可能性；perspective：角度。27．Forlackoftime,theoptionofstartingalloveragainhasbeenruledout.A．a(chǎn)pprovedB．supervisedC．documentedD．excluded正確答案：D解析：該句意為：由于時間有限，一切從頭開始的這個選擇被排除了。ruleout：排除(可能性)；approve：批準(zhǔn)，通過；supervise：監(jiān)督，監(jiān)考；document：記錄；exclude：排除。28．Mentaldistressamongchildrenisalsodrivenbyaneducationalcultureobsessedwithexams.A．a(chǎn)ccusedofB．a(chǎn)ccompaniedbyC．preoccupiedwithD．a(chǎn)ccustomedto正確答案：C解析：該句意為：導(dǎo)致兒童精神痛苦的因素也包括對考試癡迷的教育文化。beobsessedwith：癡迷于，迷戀；beaccusedof：被指控……，被控告……；beaccompaniedby：伴隨；bepreoccupiedwith：癡迷于……，全身心投入到……；beaccustomedto：適應(yīng)，對……習(xí)慣。29．Mylittlebrotherbelievesthatanalieninvasionisrightaroundthecorner.A．outofthequestionB．a(chǎn)bouttohappenC．stillintheairD．a(chǎn)lreadyoutofhand正確答案：B解析：該句意為：我小弟弟認(rèn)為外星人很快就會入侵地球。aroundthecorner：馬上發(fā)生；outofthequestion：不可能的；abouttohappen：馬上發(fā)生；stillintheair：仍懸而未決；alreadyoutofhand：已經(jīng)失控。30．I’mplanningatriptoXi’anthissummer,butI’mafraidIcan’tstandtheheatthere.A．putupwithB．keeptrackofC．leaduptoD．getholdof正確答案：A解析：該句意為：我計劃今年夏天去西安玩一次，但擔(dān)心受不了那兒的熱天氣。stand：站立，站，忍受；putupwith：忍受；keeptrackof：跟蹤，隨時了解；leadupto：逐漸導(dǎo)致，引入；getholdof：抓住，得到。SectionBDirections:Therearetenquestionsinthissection.Eachquestionisasentencewithsomethingmissing.BeloweachsentencearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.Markthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.31．Tom’sgirlfriendisavegetarianbecausetheideaofeatingmeattotally______her.A．differentiatesB．depictsC．disgustsD．delights正確答案：C解析：該句意為：湯姆的女朋友吃素，一想到吃肉她就受不了。differentiate：區(qū)分，區(qū)別，構(gòu)成……之間的不同；depict：描述；disgust：使……作嘔，使……極度反感；delight：使……高興。32．Insomecases,thefluvirus______anoverwhelmingandpotentiallyfatalimmuneresponse.A．triggersB．envisagesC．confinesD．irritates正確答案：A解析：該句意為：某些情況下，流感病毒引發(fā)免疫反應(yīng)，不僅勢不可擋，而且可能是致命的。trigger：誘發(fā)，引發(fā)，扳機(jī)；envisage：想象，設(shè)想，預(yù)測；confine：限制，局限；irritate：使……惱火，刺激。33．ForeignerswhoarelearningChinesefindthespellingofChinese______frustrating.A．propertiesB．charactersC．featuresD．characteristics正確答案：B解析：該句意為：學(xué)習(xí)漢語的外國人發(fā)現(xiàn)漢字的拼寫太難了。Chinesecharacters：漢字。34．Intelligenceshouldbeviewedasacapacitytobedevelopedratherthanafixed______.A．notionB．rivalryC．mobilityD．a(chǎn)ttribute正確答案：D解析：該句意為：應(yīng)該把智力看作是一種可以開發(fā)的能力，而不是無法改變的特點。notion：觀念，看法；rivalry：對立，爭斗；mobility：流動；attribute：素質(zhì)，特點，本性。35．Inmy______opinion,youcanbeginbyretrievingsomerelatedliteraturefromthesedatabases.A．ironicB．implicitC．publicD．humble正確答案：D解析：該句意為：依本人拙見，你首先從這些數(shù)據(jù)庫中找到一些相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)。ironic：譏諷的，諷刺的，嘲笑的，不可思議的；implicit：含混的，不明確的；publicopinion：公眾的意見，民意；humble：謙卑的，破舊的，地位低的，myhumblehouse(寒舍)。36．Typically,aparentholdsthebaby______theleftsideofhisorherbody.A．beyondB．byC．a(chǎn)gainstD．in正確答案：C解析：該句意為：父母抱孩子時通常使孩子緊貼身體的左側(cè)。介詞against強(qiáng)調(diào)“接觸”，如leanagainstthetree或restmyheadagainstherknee。我們抱嬰兒時，通常使孩子緊貼胸前。37．We’veallseenit—teenagers______theirphones,notevenglancingupwhentheirparentstalktothem.A．sentencedtoB．gluedtoC．dedicatedtoD．a(chǎn)scribedto正確答案：B解析：該句意為：我們都見過這種場景——青少年目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看著手機(jī)，父母跟他們說話時都不抬頭。besentencedto：被判處……；begluedto：粘在……上，固定在……上，glue：膠水；bededicatedto：用于……，投身于……；beascribedto：歸因于……。38．Theunemployedwillbeforcedtoacceptlow-payingjobsratherthan______forotheropportunities.A．holdingoutB．settingoutC．leavingoutD．runningout正確答案：A解析：該句意為：失業(yè)者被迫接受低收人工作，而不是強(qiáng)撐著，等待其他機(jī)會。holdout：堅持；setout：出發(fā)，著手……，展示；leaveout：省略；runout：用完。39．Doctorsareadvisedto______therecently-releasedandwell-receivedguidelinesforbloodpressure.A．makeupforB．getawaywithC．takeaccountofD．bealertto正確答案：C解析：該句意為：建議醫(yī)生們把最近頒布的、廣受歡迎的高血壓治療指導(dǎo)原則考慮在內(nèi)。makeupfor：補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)；getawaywith：做了……(錯事)而沒被懲罰；takeaccountof：考慮到；bealertto：提防，對……警惕。40．I’msurethatyouwillcometorealizehowmuchyourparentscareaboutyou______.A．inquestionB．onendC．byturnsD．intime正確答案：D解析：該句意為：你最終肯定會意識到你父母是多么關(guān)心你。inquestion：談?wù)摶蚩紤]之中的；onend：連續(xù)；byturns：輪流；intime：及時，最終。CLOZEAsocietyshouldbejudgedbyhowittreatsitschildren.Acountrythatfailsto【C1】______itschildrenisendangeringitsfuture.Andthat’swhyweshouldallbe【C2】______bythecrisisofmentalhealthamongBritain’sgirlsandboys—andthe【C3】______lackofsupporttoovercomeit.Nearlyaquarterofamillionyoungpeoplearereceivingspecialisthealthcareformentaldistress,【C4】______fromdepressiontoeatingdisorders.【C5】______,itisacrisisthatisgettingworse:Childlinereportsadoublinginfiveyearsofthenumberofchildrencontemplatingsuicide.Buttheservicessimplyaren’ttheretosupportthem.A【C6】______findsthatseven【C7】______10specialistnursesbelievementalhealthservicesforchildrenandadolescentsare【C8】______,and43%believetheservicesareactuallygettingworse.Overwhelmingly,alackofnursesanddelaysinappointmentsare【C9】______asthemaincauses.Lifeisbeingmadeharderforchildrenbybothgovernmentpolicyandever【C10】______attitudesandexpectations.Thechildrenwillsuffer,sowillourcountry’sfuture.41．【C1】A．engageinB．investinC．turninD．specializein正確答案：B解析：engagein：從事；investin：對……投資；turnin：上交；specializein：專業(yè)是……，專門做……。該句話的含義是：未能對兒童事業(yè)投資的國家在毀壞自己的未來。42．【C2】A．condoledB．distinguishedC．a(chǎn)larmedD．upheld正確答案：C解析：condole：安慰，慰問；distinguish：區(qū)分，使……出名；alarm：使……驚恐不安；uphold：捍衛(wèi)，維護(hù)，支持?？瞻滋幒竺媸恰皟和睦斫】滴C(jī)”，是令人擔(dān)憂的事。43．【C3】A．chronicB．a(chǎn)thleticC．therapeuticD．idiomatic正確答案：A解析：chronic：慢性的，長期的；athletic：擅長運(yùn)動的，競技的；therapeutic：治療的；idiomatic：地道的，符合習(xí)慣的?！璽hechroniclackofsupporttoovercomeit的意義是“長期以來對兒童克服危機(jī)的支持不夠”。要注意該句中l(wèi)ack的用法，該詞既是名詞，也是及物動詞，在國內(nèi)學(xué)生當(dāng)中出錯率極高，尤其是belackof結(jié)構(gòu)，到了泛濫的地步。下面這些句子都錯誤使用了lack：Wearelackoffreshwater．(應(yīng)該是Welackfreshwater．)Lackingofexerciseleavesmeoverweight．(應(yīng)該是Lackofexercise…)Competentteachersarelackhere．(應(yīng)該是lacking。)44．【C4】A．changingB．varyingC．switchingD．ranging正確答案：D解析：changefrom…to…表示“由……變成……”，如changedhisresidencefromOhiotoCalifornia。varyfrom…to…常用于varyfrompersontoperson或varyfromcountrytocountry，而rangefrom…to…常用于表示“范圍”，意味著“兩個極端”，如theageofthesestudentsrangesfromtwenty-onetothirty-two(最小的21，最大的32)或…seeanimalsrangingfromsnakestoelephants(體積最小的動物是蛇，最大的是大象)。45．【C5】A．HoweverB．DisturbinglyC．FortunatelyD．Afterwards正確答案：B解析：空白處前面講兒童患有各種心理疾病，后面說情況越來越嚴(yán)重，說明該空白處的詞應(yīng)該表示“不好的結(jié)果”。afterwards的含義是atalatertime，表示“后來”，而此空白處前后兩句表示的動作是同時的，沒有因果關(guān)系。46．【C6】A．pollB．poolC．poleD．pull正確答案：A解析：anopinionpoll：民意測驗。47．【C7】A．a(chǎn)partfromB．uptoC．exceptforD．outof正確答案：D解析：表達(dá)比例時，可以用one-third或two-thirds等形式，也可用更流行的in或outof…，如oneoutofeveryfivekids。48．【C8】A．unintelligibleB．immortalC．inadequateD．irreversible正確答案：C解析：unintelligible：無法理解的，相當(dāng)于incomprehensible；immortal：不死的，永生的；inadequate：不夠用的，不充分的；irreversible：不可逆的。49．【C9】A．identifiedB．commendedC．memorizedD．oriented正確答案：A解析：identify：識別，辨認(rèn)；commend：贊揚(yáng)；memorize：背下來……；orient：定向，面向。50．【C10】A．friendlierB．harsherC．widerD．scarcer正確答案：B解析：higher可以修飾expectations，但不宜修飾attitudes，而harsh的主要意義是unpleasant，還有“惡劣的”，“嚴(yán)厲的”和“刺耳的”。harshattitudes就是“不友好的態(tài)度”，而harshexpectations的意義是“期望過高”。READINGCOMPREHENSION“Youexpectyourfriendstobeinclinedtoseeyouinapositivemanner,buttheyarealsokeenobserversofthepersonalitytraitsthatcouldsendyoutoanearlygrave,“saidJoshuaJackson,PhD.Headdedthatyourpersonalityatanearlyagecanpredicthowlongyouwillliveandthatclosefriendsareusuallybetterthanyouatrecognizingthesetraits.“Ourstudyshowsthatpeoplecanobserveandrateafriend’spersonalityaccuratelyenoughtopredictearlymortalitydecadesdowntheroad,“Jacksonsaid.“Itsuggeststhatpeopleareabletoseeimportantcharacteristicsrelatedtohealthevenwhentheirfriendswerehealthyandmanyyearsfromdeath.”Forexample,peoplewhotakenegativeattitudetowardslifeandremainpessimisticarelesslikelytohavehealthierhearts.Ontheotherhand,menwhoareconscientiousaremorelikelytoeatright,sticktoanexerciseroutineandavoidrisks.Womenwhoareemotionallystablemaybebetteratfightingoffanger,anxietyanddepression,Jacksonsuggests.Youngwomenseenashighlyagreeableandemotionallystablemayhaveincreasedoddsforalongandhappylifesincetheirpersonalitieswerewellsuitedfortheroleofasupportiveandeasy-goingwife.Thelong-termstudyincludedextensivedataonparticipantpersonalitytraits,bothself-reportedandasreportedbyclosefriends,includingbridesmaidsandgroomsmenatparticipants’weddingparties.Usinginformationfrompreviousfollow-upstudiesandsearchesofdeathcertificates,Jacksonandcolleaguesdocumenteddatesofdeathforallbutafewstudyparticipants.Peerratingsofpersonalitywerestrongerpredictorsofmortalityriskthanself-ratingsofpersonality.“First,friendsmayseesomethingthatyoumiss;theymayhavesomeinsightthatyoudonot.Second,becausepeoplehavemultiplefriends,weareabletoaveragethepeculiaritiesofanyonefriendtoobtainamorereliableassessmentofpersonality.Withselfreports,peoplemaybebiasedormisscertainaspectsofthemselvesandwecan’tcounteractthatbecausethereisonlyoneyou,onlyoneself-report.”Thestudyalsorevealedgenderdifferencesinself-assessment:men’sself-ratingsofpersonalitytraitsweresomewhatusefulinpredictingtheirlifespan,whereastheself-reportsofwomenwereoflittlepredictivevalue.Thisstudyshowshowimportantpersonalityisininfluencingsignificantlifeoutcomeslikehealth.Informationfromfriendsiscrucialtounderstandingone’shealthissues.Forexample,itsuggeststhatfamilymembersandevenphysicianratingscouldbeusedtopersonalizemedicaltreatmentsoridentifywhoisatriskforcertainhealthproblems.51．TheunderlinedwordsinParagraphTwoprobablymean______.A．manyyearsinadvanceB．farawayfromyourhomeC．withoutanyaccuracyD．a(chǎn)fteralong-termstudy正確答案：A解析：文章第二段第一句的大意是：我們的研究表明人們對朋友性格的觀察和評價特別準(zhǔn)確，可以提前幾十年預(yù)測該朋友的死亡。該句中的downtheroad的意義是inthefuture，所以decadesinthefuture就是“未來幾十年”。52．ThemainideaofParagraphThreeisthat______.A．menandwomenhavequitedifferentlifestylesB．womenusuallyenjoyalongerlifespanthanmenC．one’spersonalitytraitscanhaveimpactonhealthD．womenaredifferentfrommalesinpersonality正確答案：C解析：第三段沒有比較男女的生活方式、性格特點或壽命，而是列舉了一些影響壽命的性格特點。53．ThestudyconductedbyJoshuaJacksoninvolvedallthefollowingexcept______.A．datesofdeathB．datesofweddingsC．self-reportsD．reportsbyfriends正確答案：B解析：第四段有…bothself-reportedandasreportedbyclosefriends，第五段有…documenteddatesofdeathforallbutafewstudyparticipants。文章沒有提及結(jié)婚日期。54．ParagraphSixisdiscussing______.A．theadvantagesofself-reportsinevaluatingone’spersonalityB．theuniquenessofpersonalitydespitesomecommontraitsC．theimportanceofclosefriendstoyourpersonalhealthD．potentialreasonsforsuperiorityofpeerratingsoverselfratings正確答案：D解析：第六段的主要內(nèi)容是：朋友可以發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)的特點，而且看問題更加深刻。不同朋友的視角也不同，所以能提供更加全面、準(zhǔn)確的信息。自我評價可能出現(xiàn)偏見，甚至可能片面。55．ItcanbeconcludedfromParagraphSeventhat______.A．males’self-assessmentofpersonalityismoreaccuratethanfemales’B．males’personalityismorecloselyrelatedtotheirlifespanC．womenoftenmakesomeuselesscommentsonthemselvesD．differentstandardsareusedtoassessmalesandfemales正確答案：A解析：第七段的大意是：男性對自己性格特點的自我評價對預(yù)測壽命有些幫助，而女性的自我評價幾乎沒有什么價值。56．Thecentralideaofthispassageisthat______.A．lifespandependsheavilyonpersonalityB．healthisrelatedtothenumberoffriendsC．self-assessmentofpersonalityisunreliableD．friendscanbetterpredicthowlongyou’lllive正確答案：D解析：文章確實談到性格與壽命的關(guān)系，但并沒有詳細(xì)論述，也沒有說兩者的關(guān)聯(lián)很大。所以，選項A不是文章的主要內(nèi)容。Yoursalarybarelycoverschildcare,butyourcoworkersgiveyouside-eyewhenyouleaveatfive.Evenifyou’reluckyenoughtoh