動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

PAGE -PAGE3-教師輔導(dǎo)講義年級(jí)：輔導(dǎo)科目：英語(yǔ)課時(shí)數(shù)：1課題高考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)五動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)教學(xué)目的辨析動(dòng)詞的各種時(shí)態(tài)及兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)，并能學(xué)會(huì)在具體語(yǔ)境中熟練運(yùn)用。教學(xué)內(nèi)容教學(xué)建議:動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)題在高考中經(jīng)?？嫉?，要讓學(xué)生真正弄清楚各時(shí)態(tài)的含義，并在練習(xí)中得到鞏固。特別是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別，特別易混淆，要從其核心含義去理解，而不能僅從一些標(biāo)志詞，如有for加一段時(shí)間出現(xiàn)來(lái)區(qū)別時(shí)態(tài)就可能出錯(cuò)。知識(shí)清單動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)概述英語(yǔ)常用的時(shí)態(tài)有八種，分別是：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)和過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者;被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。1.動(dòng)詞的基本形式一覽表形式變化規(guī)則構(gòu)成例詞原形

see,finish,teach現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般情況加’slook→looks,write→writes以ch,sh,s,x結(jié)尾加’esteach→teaches,finish→finishes,guess→guesses,mix→mixes以o結(jié)尾加’esdo→does,go→goes以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾變y為i，加’estry→tries,cry→cries過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞形式一般情況加’edstay→stayed,look→looked以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾直接加-ddecide→decided,hope→hoped以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母再加-edstop→stopped,admit→admitted以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾變y為i，加-edcarry→carried,try→tried現(xiàn)在分詞形式一般情況加-inggo→going,read→reading以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾去e，再加-inghave→having,write→writing以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母再加-ingcut→cutting,run→running2.常用10種動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及其常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一覽表時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞形式常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞原形（第三人稱單數(shù)）always,usually,often,sometimes,every...,etc.一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式.yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,theotherday,last...,...ago,etc一般將來(lái)時(shí)will(shall)+動(dòng)詞原形begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,next...,intwodays,etc.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)would+動(dòng)詞原形多用于間接引語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句中將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)will(shall)+be+現(xiàn)在分詞ateight（thistime）tomorrow,etc.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am(is,are)+現(xiàn)在分詞now,duringthesedays,etc.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was(were)+現(xiàn)在分詞ateight（thistime）yesterday,etc.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have(has)+過(guò)去分詞already,just,yet,since,for...,etc.過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+過(guò)去分詞by...,before,etc.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have(has)+been+現(xiàn)在分詞for...,since...,etc.動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成一覽表（以do為例）常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞形式常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞形式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/aredone過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/werebeingdone一般過(guò)去時(shí)was/weredone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)has/havebeendone一般將來(lái)時(shí)will/shallbedone過(guò)去完成時(shí)hadbeendone過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)should/wouldbedone將來(lái)完成時(shí)willhavebeendone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/arebeingdone含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的can/must/may...bedone4、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別(1)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作，而系表結(jié)構(gòu)表狀態(tài)；Thecupwasbrokenbyaboy.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Thecupisbroken.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))(2)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可有多種時(shí)態(tài)，而系表結(jié)構(gòu)只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)；Mybikeisbeing/willbe/wasrepaired.Heis/wasinterestedinhiswork.(3)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可跟by短語(yǔ)，表動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。Thedresswasmadebymymother.考點(diǎn)聚焦【考點(diǎn)一】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1)表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理（不受時(shí)態(tài)限制）。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.(2)在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。但shall或will可用在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表“意愿”，不表時(shí)態(tài)。Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?Ifyouwillacceptmyinvitationandcometoourparty,myfamilywillbepleased.(3)少數(shù)用于表示起止的動(dòng)詞，如come,go,leave,arrive,fly,start,begin,close,stop等常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)，表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；當(dāng)be表示根據(jù)時(shí)間或事先安排，肯定會(huì)出現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)時(shí)，只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Theshopclosesat11:00p.m.everyday.TomorrowisWednesday.(4)以here,there等開(kāi)始的倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.即學(xué)即練1.Heisverybusy.Idon’tknowifhe_____ornottomorrow.A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.iscoming（2011全國(guó)I，23）Planningsofarahead_______nosense—somanythingwillhavechangedbynextyear.madeB.ismakingC.makesD.hasmake(2011江蘇，21)——Ihearyou_______inapub.What'sitlike?——Well,it'sveryhardworkandI'malwaystired,butIdon'tmind.areworkingB.willworkC.wereworkingD.wellbeworking【考點(diǎn)二】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)(1)基本用法：表示過(guò)去的事情、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與表示過(guò)去具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用（或有上下文語(yǔ)境暗示）；用于表達(dá)過(guò)去的習(xí)慣；表示說(shuō)話人原來(lái)沒(méi)有料到、想到或希望的事。Imetherinthestreetyesterday.Theyneverdrankwine.Ithoughtthefilmwouldbeinteresting,butitisn’t.(2)表示兩個(gè)緊接著發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常由but,and,when,assoonas,immediately,themoment,theminute等詞語(yǔ)連接，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Themomentshecamein,shetoldmewhathadhappenedtoher.Heboughtawatchbutlostit.特別注意，與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)區(qū)分，句中有for+一段時(shí)間即學(xué)即練1.“I_____histelephonenumber.”“Ihavehisnumber,butI____tobringmyphonebook.”A.forget,forgeB.forgot,forgotC.forget,forgotD.forgot,forget2.Ihadhopedtoseeheroffatthestation,butI_____toobusy.A.wasB.hadbeenC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen(2011浙江，15)Themanagerwasworriedaboutthepressconferencehisassistant________inhisplacebut,luckily,everythingwasgoingonsmoothly.gaveB.givesC.wasgivingD.Hadgiven(2011全國(guó)I，24)Iwasn'tsureifhewasreallyinterestedorifhe______polite.wasjustbeingB.willjustbeC.hadjustbeenD.Wouldjustbe【考點(diǎn)三】考查一般將來(lái)時(shí)（1）“will/shall+動(dòng)詞”表示未來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)（常與表示未來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用）。（2）“will/shall+動(dòng)詞”表示事物固有的屬性或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。We’lldiewithoutairorwater.（3）表示趨向行為的動(dòng)詞。如come，go，start，begin，leave等詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式表示將來(lái)時(shí)。(4）begoingto與will/shall,betodo,beabouttodo的用法及區(qū)別：①begoingto表示打算、計(jì)劃、準(zhǔn)備要做某事。不能用在條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中。I’mgoingtolearnJapanesenextyear.②shall/willdo表示未事先考慮過(guò)，即說(shuō)話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定。Ifitisfine,we’llgofishing.③betodosth.表示擬定或計(jì)劃中將發(fā)生的行為或按職責(zé)、義務(wù)必須去做的事情。還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。Themeetingistobeheldat9:00am.④beabouttodosth.表示“即可，就要”，后面不能接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句。Iwasabouttogotobedwhenthetelephonerang.即學(xué)即練1.“Whenhe_____isnotknownyet.”“Butwhenhe____,hewillbewarmlywelcomed.”A.comes,comesB.willcome,willcomeC.comes,willcomeD.willcome,comes(2011安徽，26)——Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?——Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut_________.A.willneverreplaceB.wouldneverreplaceC.willneverbereplacedD.wouldneverbereplaced【考點(diǎn)四】考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（1）表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在發(fā)生著的一個(gè)動(dòng)作。（2）表示現(xiàn)階段但不一定是發(fā)生在講話時(shí)。Teenagersdamagingtheirhealthbecausetheyplaycomputergamestoomuch.（3）表示按計(jì)劃安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。SheisleavingforBeijing.（4）go，come等起止動(dòng)作可用進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。（5）與always，often等頻度副詞連用，表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)的行動(dòng)或某種感情色彩。Heisalwaysmakingthesamemistake.即學(xué)即練(2011遼寧，28)I'llgotothelibraryassoonasIfinishwhatI_______.wasdoingB.amdoingC.havedoneD.hadbeendoing(2011重慶，21)Thatpieceofmusicsoundsquitefamiliar.Who_______thepianoupstairs?hasplayedB.playedC.paysD.isplaying【考點(diǎn)五】考查過(guò)去完成時(shí)常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的幾種情況：①在by,bytheend,bythetime,until,before,since后接表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)或從句，表示以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Bytheendoflastyear，wehadbuiltfivenewhouses.②intend,mean,hope,want,plan,suppose,expect,think等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成時(shí)可用來(lái)表示一個(gè)本來(lái)打算做而實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做的事。這種用法也可表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的設(shè)想或希望，含有某種惋惜之意。Ihadintendedtocallonyouyesterday,butsomeonecametoseemejustwhenIwasabouttoleave.③表示“一……就”的幾個(gè)句型：Hardly/Scarcelyhad+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+when+一般過(guò)去時(shí)；Nosoonerhad+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+than+一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Wehadnosoonerbeenseatedthanthebusstarted.=Nosoonerhadwebeenseatedthanthebusstarted.即學(xué)即練1.(2011江西，30)Wearrivedatworkinthemorningandfoundthatsomebody_______intotheofficeduringthenight.A.brokeB.hadbrokenC.hasbrokenD.Wasbreaking(2011全國(guó)I,29)WhenAlicecameto,shedidnotknowhowlongshe_____there.hadbeenlyingB.hasbeenlyingC.waslyingD.haslain【考點(diǎn)六】考查過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)（1）woulddo,was/weregoingtodosth.表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)；（2）come,go,leave等過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)；（3）was/weretodosth.和was/wereabouttodosth.表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。即學(xué)即練1.Ontelevisionlastnightthenewscasterannouncedthattheleader______onSaturday.A.isarrivingB.willarriveC.wouldbearrivedD.wouldarrive2.Hetoldusthathewouldbeginthedictationwhenwe________ready.A.willbeB.wouldbeC.wereD.are3.Theywouldbegivenanewhouseifmore________thenextyear.A.willbebuiltB.wouldbebuiltC.arebuiltD.werebuilt4．--Comein,Peter,Iwanttoshowyousomething.--Oh,howniceofyou!I___you___tobringmeagift.A.neverthink;aregoingB.neverthought;weregoingC.didn'tthink;weregoingD.hadn'tthought;weregoing5.ThismorningAlice___out___thedooropenedandincamesomestrangers.A.wasjustabouttogo;whileB.went;whenC.wasgoing;whileD.wasjustabouttogo;when【考點(diǎn)七】考查過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（1）過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或某一階段內(nèi)發(fā)生或頻繁發(fā)生。（2）某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)另一動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，其中一個(gè)在由when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中。持續(xù)性動(dòng)作用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，短暫性動(dòng)作用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。HewaswatchingTVat9o’clocklastnight.Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.即學(xué)即練1.Mybrother___whilehe___hisbicycleandhurthimself.

A.fell,wasridingB.fell,wereridingC.hadfallen,rodeD.hadfallen,wasriding2.Tom___intothehousewhennoone___.

A.slipped,waslookingB.hadslipped,lookedC.slipped,hadlookedD.wasslipping,looked

3.ThelasttimeI__Janeshe___cottoninthefields.

A.hadseen,waspickingB.saw,pickedC.hadseen,pickedD.saw,waspicking

4.Idon'tthinkJimsawme;he___intospace.

A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared

5.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She___ataradioshopatthetime.

A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked【考點(diǎn)八】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)除可以和for、since引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)連用外，還可以和下面的介詞短語(yǔ)連用：during/in/overthelast(past)fewyears(months,weeks)、inrecentyears等。（2）下列句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Itis(hasbeen)+一段時(shí)間+since從句This(That/It)isthefirst(second...)timethat+完成時(shí)（3）在條件、時(shí)間、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以表示將來(lái)某時(shí)以前已完成的動(dòng)作。Ifyouhavedonetheexperiment,youwillrealizethetheorybetter.IwillnotbelieveyouunlessIhaveseenitwithmyowneyes.即學(xué)即練（2011天津，3）Inthepastfewyearsthousandsoffilms________allovertheworld.haveproducedB.havebeenproducedC.areproducingD.arebeingproduced（2011安徽，32）--Ididn'taskforthenamelist.Why______onmydesk?Iputittherejustnowincaseyouneededit.doesitlandB.hasitlandedC.wllitlandD.haditlanded【考點(diǎn)九】注意以下幾種時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別（1）一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)①一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，即僅談過(guò)去，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)。Iwrotealetterthismorning.(只說(shuō)明寫了一封信的事實(shí))②現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系，可能剛結(jié)束，也可能繼續(xù)下去。不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Ihavewrittenaletterthismorning.(我已經(jīng)寫了一封信，有繼續(xù)寫第二封的可能，現(xiàn)在還是早上。)2）一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)①一般過(guò)去時(shí)側(cè)重于說(shuō)明發(fā)生某動(dòng)作的事實(shí)。Itrainedheavilylastnight.(強(qiáng)調(diào)下雨，并不強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)時(shí)間)②過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)側(cè)重于強(qiáng)調(diào)某動(dòng)作的持續(xù)過(guò)程或表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。Itwasrainingcatsanddogslastnight.(強(qiáng)調(diào)沒(méi)停，一直持續(xù))（3）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)①現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)在含義上著重表示動(dòng)作的結(jié)果。Ihavereadthatbook.(已讀完)②現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)著重表示動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行，即動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性。Ihavebeenreadingthatbookallthemorning.(還沒(méi)讀完)【考點(diǎn)十】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（1）使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。①主動(dòng)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)雙賓語(yǔ)的變化。Myfriendgavemeaninterestingbookonmybirthday.→Aninterestingbookwasgiventome(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.→Iwasgivenaninterestingbook(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.②主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)時(shí)，賓補(bǔ)成主補(bǔ)（位置不變）；（作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的）不定式前需加to。Thebossmadehimworkalldaylong.→Hewasmadetoworkalldaylong(bytheboss).③短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，勿要掉“尾巴”。Thechildrenweretakengoodcareof(byher).Yourpronunciationandspellingshouldbepaidattentionto.（2）不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種情況。①所有的不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞詞組不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之中。②表示狀態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，如last,hold,benefit,contain,equal,fit,join,mean,last,looklike,consistto等。③表示歸屬的動(dòng)詞，如have,own,belongto等。④表示“希望、意圖”的動(dòng)詞，如wish,want,hope,like,love,hate等。⑤賓語(yǔ)是反身代詞或相互代詞時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。⑥賓語(yǔ)是同源賓語(yǔ)，不定式、動(dòng)名詞等謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。⑦有些動(dòng)詞以其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，特別是當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有sell,write,wash,open,lock等。（3）主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。①當(dāng)feel,look,smell,taste,sound等后面接形容詞時(shí)；當(dāng)cut,read,sell,wear,write等詞帶狀語(yǔ)修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)；當(dāng)動(dòng)詞表示“開(kāi)始、結(jié)束、關(guān)、停、轉(zhuǎn)、啟動(dòng)”等意義時(shí)。Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.Thesenovelswon’tsellwell.Mypenwritessmoothly.Thedoorwon’tlock.Thefishsmellsgood.②當(dāng)breakout,takeplace,shutoff,turnoff,workout等動(dòng)詞表示“發(fā)生、關(guān)閉、制定”等意思時(shí)。Theplanworkedoutsuccessfully.Thelampsonthewallturnoff.③want,require,need后面的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)含義。④beworthdoing用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。⑤在“be+形容詞+todo”中，不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)，用主動(dòng)代被動(dòng)。Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.Thegirlisn’teasytogetalongwith.⑥betoblame(受譴責(zé))，betorent（出租）也用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)。即學(xué)即練（2011四川，9）Allvisitorstothisvillage_______withkindness.treatB.aretreatedC.aretreatingD.hadbeentreated（2004全國(guó)II卷）Accordingtotheartdealer,thepainting______togoforatleastamilliondollars.

A.isexpectedB.expectsC.expectedD.isexpecting

(2005北京春季)Ican’tseeanycoffeeinthiscupboard.________________________?

A.HasitallbeenfinishedB.WasitallfinishedC.HasitallfinishedD.Diditallfinish語(yǔ)法專練1.—HaveyoufinishedreadingJaneEyre?—No,I_______myhomeworkalldayyesterday.(2010·全國(guó)Ⅰ)A.wasdoingB.woulddoC.haddoneD.do2.Whenyouarehome,giveacalltoletmeknowyou______safely.(2010·全國(guó)Ⅰ)A.arearrivingB.havearrivedC.hadarrivedD.willarrive3.ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortune______.(2010·全國(guó)Ⅰ)A.ismadeB.wouldmakeC.wastobemadeD.hadmade4.Linda,makesurethetables_______beforetheguestsarrive.(2010·全國(guó)Ⅱ)A.besetB.setC.aresetD.aresetting5.Excuseme.I_______Iwasblockingyourway.(2010·全國(guó)Ⅱ)A.didn’trealizeB.Don’trealizeC.haven’trealizedD.Wasn’trealizing6.Everyfewyears,thecoalworkers_______theirlungsX-rayedtoensuretheirhealth.(2010·上海)A.arehavingB.haveC.havehadD.hadhad7.Thechurchtowerwhich________willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.(2010·上海)A.hasrestoredB.hasbeenrestoredC.isrestoringD.isbeingrestored8.Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe______.(2010·安徽)A.wasbusyB.isbusyC.hadbeenbusyD.willbebusy9.—Wereyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm?—No.I______thebook,soIalreadyknewthestory.(2010·安徽)A.wasreadingB.hadreadC.amreadingD.haveread10.—We’vespenttoomuchmoneyrecently.—Well,itisn’tsurprising.Ourfriendsandrelativesaroundallthetime.(2010·安徽)A.arecomingB.hadcomeC.werecomingD.havebeencoming11.Everyyearafloodoffarmersarriveinshenzhenforthemoney-makingjobsthey______beforeleavingtheirhometowns.(2010·福建)A.promisedB.werepromisedC.havepromisedD.havebeenpromised12.—Guesswhat,we’vegotourvisasforashort-termvisittotheUKthissummer.—Hownice!you______adifferentculturethen.(2010·福建)A.willbeexperiencingB.haveexperiencedC.havebeenexperiencingD.willhaveexperienced13.Thiscoastalarea_______anationalwildlifereservelastyear.(2010·湖南)A.wasnamedB.namedC.isnamedD.names14.Iwasjustgoingtocutmyrosebushesbutsomeone______it.Wasityou?(2010·湖南)A.hasdoneB.haddoneC.woulddoD.willdo15.Iwalkedslowlythroughthemarket,wherepeople______allkindsoffruitsandvegetables.IstudiedthepricescarefullyandboughtwhatIneeded.(2010·湖南)sellB.weresellingC.hadsoldD.havesold16.I’mtiredout.I______allafternoonandIdon’tseemtohavefinishedanything.(2010·湖南)A.shoppedB.haveshoppedC.hadshoppedD.havebeenshopping17.Motherwantedtobeagoodprovider,aroleshe______sincehermarriagetoFather.(2010·江西)A.shouldersB.shoulderedC.isshoulderingD.hasbeenshouldering18.Joseph______toeveningclassessincelastmonth,buthestillcan’tsay“What’syourname?”inRussian.(2010·遼寧)A.hasbeengoingB.wentC.goesD.hasgone19.I_______allthecookingformyfamily,butrecentlyI’vebeentoobusytodoit.(2010·遼寧)A.willdoB.doC.amdoingD.haddone20.InthespokenEnglishofsomeareasintheUS,the“r”soundsattheendofthewords_______.(2010·北京)A.aredroppedB.dropC.arebeingdroppedD.havedropped21.—I’mnotfinishedwithmydinneryet.—Butourfriends______forus.(2010·北京)A.willwaitB.waitC.havewaitedD.arewaiting22.—I’msorry,butIdon’tquitefollowyou.DidyousayyouwantedtoreturnonSeptember20?—Sorry,I______myselfclear.WewanttoreturnonOctober20.(2010·北京)A.hadn’tmadeB.wouldn’tmakeC.don’tmakeD.have’tmade23.Uptonow,theprogram_______thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.(2010·山東)A.wouldsaveB.savesC.hadsavedD.hassaved24.IhavetoseethedoctorbecauseI______alotlately.(2010·陜西)A.havebeencoughingB.hadcoughedC.coughedD.cough25.—Whenshallwerestartourbusiness?—Notuntilwe_______ourplan.(2010·四川)A.willfinishB.arefinishingC.aretofinishD.havefinished（2011山東卷,31﹚WhenIgotonthebus,IIhadleftmywalletathome. A.wasrealizing B.realized C.haverealized D.wouldrealize（2011山東卷,35﹚Shewassurprisedtofindthefridgeempty;thechildeverything!A.hadbeeneatingB.hadeatenC.haveeatenD.havebeeneating（2011江蘇卷,21﹚——Ihearyouinapub.what’sitlike?——Well,it’sveryhardworkandI’malwaystired,butIdon’tmind.A.areworking B.willwork C.wereworkingD.willbeworking（2011江蘇卷,23﹚——Tommyisplanningtobuyacar.——Iknow.Bynextmonth,heenoughforausedone.A.saves B.saved C.willsave D.willhavesaved（2011北京卷,21﹚ExperimentsofthiskindinboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.A.haveconductedB.havebeenconductedC.hadconductedD.hadbeenconducted（2011北京卷,23﹚Tominthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths.A.worksB.workedC.hasbeenworkingD.hadbeenworking（2011全國(guó)卷,23﹚Planingsofaraheadnosense—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.A.madeB.ismakingC.makesD.hasmade（2011全國(guó)卷,24﹚Iwasn’tsureifhewasreallyinterestedorifhepolite.A.wasjustbeingB.willjustbeC.hadjustbeenD.wouldjustbe（2011全國(guó)卷,29﹚WhenAlicecameto,shedidnotknowhowlongshethere.A.hadbeenlyingB.hasbeenlyingC.waslyingD.haslain（2011全國(guó)卷II,9﹚Ifyoudon'tlikethedrinkyoujustleaveitandtryadifferentone.A.orderedB.areorderingC.willorderD.hadordered（2011天津卷,3﹚Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilmsallovertheworld.haveproducedB.havebeenproducedC.areproducingD.arebeingproduced（2011天津卷,4﹚Onhernextbirthday,Annmarriedfortwentyyears.A.isB.hasbeenC.willbeD.willhavebeen（2011上海春招,29﹚I’msureyouwilldobetterinthetestbecauseyousohardthisyear. A.studied B.hadstudied C.willstudy D.havebeenstudying（2011上海春招,32﹚Alotofpeopleoftenforgetthatoralexamstotestourcommunicativeability. A.design B.aredesignedC.aredesigning D.arebeingdesigned（2011福建卷,32﹚Lastmonth,theJapanesegovernmentexpressedtheirthanksfortheaidtheyfromChina.A.receiveB.arereceivingC.havereceivedD.hadreceived（2011安徽卷,32﹚——Ididn’taskforthenamelist.Why______onmydesk?

——Iputittherejustnowincaseyouneededit.

A.doesitland B.hasitlandedC.willitland D.hadit