2022年考研英語(yǔ)（二）真題試卷及答案（含解析）

2022年考研英語(yǔ)（二）真題試卷及答案（含解析）SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.HarlanCobenbelievedthatifyouareawriter,youwillfindthetime;andthatifyoucan'tfindthetime,thenwritingisn'tapriorityandyou'renotawriter.Forhim,writingisa

1

job—ajobislikeanyother.Hehas

2

itwithplumbing,pointingoutthatplumberdoesn'twakeupandsaythathecan'tworkwithpipestoday.

3

,likemostwritersthesedays,you'reholdingdownajobtopaythebills,it'snot

4

tofindthetimetowrite.Butitisnotimpossible.Itrequiresdeterminationandsingle-mindedness.

5

thatmostbestsellingauthorsbeganwritingwhoarefairly

6

oftenhavetodootherworkto

7

theirwritingincome.

AsHarlanCobensuggested,it'sa

8

ofpriorities.Youhaveto

9

someofyourday-to-dayactivitiesandsomethingsyoureallyenjoy.Dependingonyour

10

andyourlifestylethatmaymeanspendinglesstimewatchingtelevisionorlisteningtomusic,thoughsomepeoplecanwriteit

11

theylistentomusic.Youmighthaveto

12

theamountofexerciseorsportsyoudo.You'llhavetomakesocialmediaan

13

activityratherthanadaily,time-consuming

14

.There'llprobablyhavetobelesssocializingwithyourfriendsandlesstimewithyourfamily.It'sa

15

learningcurve,anditwon'talwaysmakeyoupopular.

There'sjustonethingyoushouldtrytokeepatleastsometimefor,

16

yourwritingandthat'sreading.Anywriterneedstoreadasmadeandaswidelyastheycan,it'stheone

17

supportersomethingyoucan'tdowithout.

Timeisfinite.Theolderyouget,the

18

itseemstogo.Weneedtouseitsocarefullyandas

19

aswecan,thatmeansprioritizingouractivitiessothatwespendmosttimeonthethingswereallywanttodo.Ifyouareawriter,thatmeans—

20

—writing.1、

A.difficult

B.normal

C.steady

D.pleasant2、

A.combined

B.compared

C.confused

D.confronted3、

A.If

B.Though

C.Once

D.Unless4、

A.enough

B.strange

C.wrong

D.easy5、

A.Accept

B.Explain

C.Remember

D.Suppose6、

A.well-known

B.well-advised

C.well-informed

D.well-chosen7、

A.donate

B.generate

C.supplement

D.calculate8、

A.cause

B.purpose

C.question

D.condition9、

A.highlight

B.sacrifice

C.continue

D.explain10、

A.relations

B.interests

C.memories

D.skills11、

A.until

B.because

C.while

D.before12、

A.putupwith

B.makeupfor

C.hangonto

D.cutdownon13、

A.intelligent

B.occasional

C.intensive

D.emotional14、

A.habit

B.test

C.decision

D.plan15、

A.tough

B.gentle

C.rapid

D.funny16、

A.inplaceof

B.inchargeof

C.inresponseto

D.inadditionto17、

A.indispensable

B.innovative

C.invisible

D.instant18、

A.duller

B.harder

C.quieter

D.quicker19、

A.peacefully

B.generously

C.productively

D.gratefully20、

A.atmost

B.inturn

C.onaverage

D.aboveall

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartADirections:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.

Text1Onarecentsunnyday,13,000chickensroamoverLarryBrown's40windsweptacresinShiner,Texas.Somerestintheshadeofaparkedcar.Othersdrinkwaterwiththecows.Thisallseemsrandom,butit'sbydesign,partofwhatthe$6.1billionU.S.eggindustrybetswillbeitsnextbigthing:climate-friendlyeggs.

Theseeggs,whicharemakingtheirdebutnowonshelvesforasmuchas$8adozen,arestilllabeledorganicandanimal-friendly,butthey'realsofrombirdsthatliveonfarmsusingregenerativeagriculture—specialtechniquestocultivaterichsoilsthatcantrapgreenhousegases.Sucheggscouldbemarketedashelpingtofightclimatechange.

"I'mexcitedaboutourprogress,"saysBrown,whoharvestseggsforDenver-basedNestFreshEggsandisaddingmorecovercropsthatdrawwormsandcricketsforthechickenstoeat.Thebirds'wastethenfertilizesfields.Suchimprovements"allowourhenstoforageforhigher-qualitynaturalfeedthatwillbegoodfortheland,thehens,andtheeggsthatwesupplytoourcustomers."

Theeggindustry'spushisthefirstmajortestofwhetheranimalproductsfromregenerativefarmscanbecomethenextpremiumoffering.Inbarelymorethanadecade,organiceggswentfrombeingdismissedasanicheproductinnaturalfoodsstorestobeingsoldatWalmart.Morerecentlythereweresimilardoubtsaboutprobioticsandplant-basedmeats,butbothhaveexplodedintomajorsupermarketcategories.Ifthesustainable-eggrolloutissuccessful,itcouldopenthefloodgatesforregenerativebeef,broccoli,andbeyond.

Regenerativeproductscouldbeahardsell,becausetheconceptistoughtodefinequickly,saysJulieStanton,associateprofessorofagriculturaleconomicsatPennsylvaniaStateUniversityBrandywine.Suchfarmingalsobringsminimal,ifany,improvementtothefoodproducts(thoughsomeproducerssaytheireggshavemoreprotein).

Theindustryisbettingthatthesameconsumerspayingmoreforpremiumattributessuchasfree-range,non-GMO,andpasture-raisedeggswillembracesustainability.Surveysshowthatyoungergenerationsaremoreconcernedaboutclimatechange,andsomeofthesuccessofplant-basedmeatcanbechalkeduptoshopperswantingtosignaltheirdesiretoprotecttheenvironment.Youngadults"reallycareabouttheplanet,"saysJohnBrunnquell,presidentofEggInnovations."TheyareabsolutelyalteringthefoodchainbeyondwhatIthinkeventheyunderstandwhatthey'redoing."21、

Theclimate-friendlyeggsareproduced______.

A.ataconsiderablylowcost

B.atthedemandofregularshoppers

C.asareplacementfororganicegg

D.onspeciallydesignedfarms22、

LarryBrownisexcitedabouthisprogramin______.

A.reducingthedamageofworms.

B.acceleratingthedisposalofwaste.

C.creatingasustainablesystem.

D.attractingcustomerstohisproducts.23、

Theexampleoforganiceggsisusedinparagraph4tosuggest_______.

A.thedoubtsovernaturalfoods

B.thesetbacksintheeggindustry

C.thepotentialofregenerateproducts

D.thepromotionalsuccessofsupermarket24、

Itcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraphthatyoungpeople_______.

A.arereluctanttochangetheirdiet

B.arelikelytobuyclimate-friendlyeggs

C.arecuriousaboutnewfoods

D.areamazedatagriculturaladvances25、

JohnBrunnquellwoulddisagreewithJulieStantonoverregenerativeproducts'_______.

A.marketprospects

B.nutritionalvalue

C.standarddefinition

D.moralimplications

Text2MoreAmericansareoptingtoworkwellintoretirement,agrowingtrendthatthreatenstoupendtheoldworkforcemodel.

OneinthreeAmericanswhoareatleast40haveorplantohaveajobinretirementtoprepareforalongerlife,accordingtoasurveyconductedbyHarrisPollforTDAmeritrade.Evenmoresurprisingisthatmorethanhalfof"unretirees"—thosewhoplantoworkinretirementorwentbacktoworkafterretiring-saidtheywouldbeemployedintheirlateryearseveniftheyhadenoughmoneytosettledown,thesurveyshowed.

Financialneedsaren'ttheonlyculpritforthe"unretirement"trendOtherreasons,accordingtothestudy,includepersonalfulfillmentsuchasstayingmentallyfit,preventingboredomoravoidingdepression.

"Theconceptofretirementisevolving,"saidChristineRussell,seniormanagerofretirementatTDAmeritrade."It'snotjustaboutfinances.Thevalueofworkisalsodrivingfolkstocontinueworkingpastretirement."

Onereasonforthechangeinretirementpatterns:Americansarelivinglonger.Theshareofthepopulation65andolderwas16%in2018,up3.2%fromtheprioryear,accordingtotheU.S.CensusBureau.That'salsoup30.2%since2010.

Becauseoflongerlifespans,Americansarealsoboostingtheirsavingstopreservetheirnesteggs,theTDAmeritradestudyshowed,whichsurveyed2,000adultsbetween40to79.Sixin10"unretirees"areincreasingtheirsavingsinanticipationofalongerlife,accordingtothesurvey.Amongthemostpopularwaystheyaredoingthis,thecompanysaid,isbyreducingtheiroverallexpenses,securinglifeinsuranceormaximizingtheircontributionstoretirementaccounts.

Unfortunately,manypeoplewhoareoptingtoworkinretirementarepreparingtodosobecausetheyareworriedaboutmakingendsmeetintheirlateryears,saidBrentWeiss,aco-founderatBaltimore-basedfinancial-planningfirmFacetWealth.Hesuggestedthatpreretireesshouldspeakwithafinancialadvisertosetlong-termfinancialgoals.

"Themostchallengingmomentsinlifearegettingmarried,startingafamilyandultimatelyretiring,"Weisssaid."It'snotjustafinancialdecision,butanemotionalone.Manypeoplebelievetheycan'tretire."26、

ThestudyconductedbyHarrisPollindicatesthat______.

A.morethanhalfretireesarephysicallyfitforjob

B.theoldworkerisasactiveasyoungpeople

C.oneinthreeAmericaswanttoretireearlier

D.moreAmericansarewillingtoworkinretirement27、

Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph3thatAmericanstendtothinkthat______.

A.retirementmaycauseproblemsforthem

B.boredomcanberelievedafterretirement

C.thementalhealthofretireesisoverlooked

D.unretirementcontributestotheeconomy28、

Retirementpatternsarechangingpartlydueto______.

A.laborshortages

B.populationgrowth

C.longerlifeexpectancy

D.risinglivingcosts29、

Many"unretirees"areincreasingtheirsavingby______.

A.increasingupinstocks

B.takingupoddjobs

C.gettingwell-paidwork

D.spendingless30、

Withregardtotheretirement,BrentWeissthinkthatmanypeopleare______.

A.unprepared

B.unafraid

C.disappointed

D.enthusiastic

Text3Wehaveallencounteredthem,inbothourpersonalandprofessionallives.Thinkaboutthetimesyoufelttrickedorfrustratedbyamembershiporsubscriptionthathadaseamlesssignupprocessbutwaslaterdifficulttocancel.Somethingthatshouldbesimpleandtransparentcanbecomplicated,intentionallyorunintentionally,inwaysthatimpairconsumerchoice.Theseareexamplesofdarkpatterns.

Firstcoinedin2010byuserexperienceexpertHarryBrignull,"darkpatterns"isacatch-alltermforpracticesthatmanipulateuserinterfacestoinfluencethedecision-makingabilityofusers.Ondark,Brignullidentifies12typesofcommondarkpatterns,rangingfrommisdirectionandhiddencoststo"roachmotel,"whereauserexperienceseemseasyandintuitiveatthestart,butturnsdifficultwhentheusertriestogetout.Ina2019studyof53,000productpagesand11,000websites,researchersfoundthataboutonein10employsthesedesignpractices.Thoughwidelyprevalent,theconceptofdarkpatternsisstillnotwellunderstood.Businessandnonprofitleadersshouldbeawareofdarkpatternsandtrytoavoidthegrayareastheyengender.

Whereisthelinebetweenethical,persuasivedesignanddarkpatterns?BusinessesshouldengageinconversationswithIT,compliance,risk,andlegalteamstoreviewtheirprivacypolicy,andincludeinthediscussionthecustomer/userexperiencedesignersandcodersresponsibleforthecompany'suserinterface,aswellasthemarketersandadvertisersresponsibleforsign-ups,checkoutbaskets,pricing,andpromotions.Anyoralltheseteamscanplayaroleincreatingoravoiding"digitaldeception."

Lawmakersandregulatorsareslowlystartingtoaddresstheambiguityarounddarkpatterns,mostrecentlyatthestatelevel.InMarch,theCaliforniaAttorneyGeneralannouncedtheapprovalofadditionalregulationsundertheCaliforniaConsumerPrivacyAct(CCPA.that"ensurethatconsumerswillnotbeconfusedormisledwhenseekingtoexercisetheirdataprivacyrights."Theregulationsaimtobandarkpatterns—thismeansprohibitingcompaniesfromusing"confusinglanguageorunnecessarystepssuchasforcingthemtoclickthroughmultiplescreensorlistentoreasonswhytheyshouldn'toptout."

Asmorestatesconsiderpromulgatingadditionalregulations,thereisaneedforgreateraccountabilityfromwithinthebusinesscommunity.Darkpatternsalsocanbeaddressedonaself-regulatorybasis,butonlyiforganizationsholdthemselvesaccountable,notjusttolegalrequirementsbutalsotoindustrybestpracticesandstandards.31、

Itcanbelearnedfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthatdarkpatterns______.

A.improveuserexperiences

B.leakuserinformationforprofit

C.undermineusers'decision-making

D.remindusersofhiddencosts32、

The2019studyondarkpatternsismentionedtoshow______.

A.theirmajorflaws

B.theircomplexdesigns

C.theirseveredamage

D.theirstrongpresence33、

Tohandledigitaldeception,businessesshould______.

A.listentocustomerfeedback

B.talkwithrelevantteams

C.turntoindependentagencies

D.relyonprofessionaltraining34、

TheadditionalregulationsundertheCCPAareintendedto______.

A.guideusersthroughopt-outprocesses

B.protectconsumersfrombeingtricked

C.grantcompany'sdataprivacyrights

D.restrictaccesstoproblematiccontent35、

Accordingtothelastparagraph,akeytocopingwithdarkpatternsis______.

A.newlegalrequirements

B.businesses'self-discipline

C.strictregulatorystandards

D.consumers'safetyawareness

Text4Althoughethicsclassesarecommonaroundtheworld,scientistsareunsureiftheirlessonscanactuallychangebehavior;evidenceeitherwayisweak,relyingoncontrivedlaboratorytestsorsometimesunreliableself-reports.ButanewstudypublishedinCognitionfoundthat,inatleastonereal-worldsituation,asingleethicslessonmayhavehadlastingeffects.

Theresearchersinvestigatedoneclasssession'simpactoneatingmeat.Theychosethisparticularbehaviorforthreereasons,accordingtostudyco-authorEricSchwitzgebel,aphilosopherattheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside:students'attitudesonthetopicarevariableandunstable,behavioriseasilymeasurable,andethicsliteraturelargelyagreesthateatinglessmeatisgoodbecauseitreducesenvironmentalharmandanimalsuffering.Halfofthestudentsinfourlargephilosophyclassesreadanarticleontheethicsoffactory-farmedmeat,optionallywatchedan11-minutevideoonthetopicandjoineda50-minutediscussion.TheotherhalffocusedoncharitablegivinginsteadThen,unbeknownsttothestudents,theresearchersstudiedtheiranonymizedmeal-cardpurchasesforthatsemester—nearly14,000receiptsforalmost500students."It'sanawesomedataset,"saysNinaStrohminger,apsychologistwhoteachesbusinessethicsattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandwasnotinvolvedinthestudy.

Schwitzgebelpredictedtheinterventionwouldhavenoeffect;hehadpreviouslyfoundthatethicsprofessorsdonotdifferfromotherprofessorsonarangeofbehaviors,includingvotingrates,blooddonationandreturninglibrarybooks.Butamongstudentsubjectswhodiscussedmeatethics,mealpurchasescontainingmeatdecreasedfrom52to45percent—andthiseffectheldsteadyforthestudy'sdurationofseveralweeks.Purchasesfromtheothergroupremainedat52percent.

"That'sactuallyaprettylargeeffectforaprettysmallintervention,"Schwitzgebelsays.Strohmingeragrees:"Thethingthatstillblowsmymindisthattheonlythingthat'sdifferentbetweenthesetwocasesisjustthatonedayinclass."Shesaysshewantstheeffecttoberealbutcannotruleoutsomeunknownconfoundingvariable.Andifreal,Strohmingernotes,itmightbereversiblebyanothernudge:"Easycome,easygo."

Schwitzgebelsuspectsthegreatestimpactcamefromsocialinfluence—classmatesorteachingassistantsleadingthediscussionsmayhavesharedtheirownvegetarianism,showingitasachievableormorecommon.Second,thevideomayhavehadanemotionalimpact.Leastrousing,hethinks,wasrationalargument,althoughhisco-authors(UniversityofKansas'sBradfordCokeletandPrincetonUniversity'sPeterSinger)sayreasonmightplayabiggerrole.Nowtheresearchersareprobingthespecificeffectsofteachingstyle,T.A.s'eatinghabitsandstudents'videoexposure.MeanwhileSchwitzgebel—whohadpredictednoeffect—willbeeatinghiswords.36、

Scientistsgenerallybelievethattheeffectsofethicsclassesare_______.

A.hardtodetermine

B.narrowlyinterpreted

C.difficulttoignore

D.poorlysummarized37、

Whichofthefollowingisthereasonforresearcherstostudymeateating?______

A.Itiscommonamongstudents

B.Itisabehavioreasytomeasure

C.Itisimportantforstudents'health

D.Itisahottopicinethicclasses38、

EricSchwitzgelbel'spreviousfindingssuggestthatethicprofessors______.

A.areseldomcriticaloftheirstudents

B.arelesssociablethanotherprofessors

C.arenotsensitivetopoliticalissues

D.arenotnecessarilyethicallybetter39、

NinaStrohmingerthinkstheeffectoftheinterventionis______.

A.permanent

B.predictable

C.uncertain

D.unrepeatable40、

EricSchwitzgebelsuspectsthatthestudents'changeinbehavior______.

A.canbringpsychologicalbenefits

B.canbeanalyzedstatistically

C.isaresultofmultiplefactors

D.isasignofself-development

PartBDirections:

ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachofthenumberedparagraphs(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.

A.Makeitahabit.

B.Don'tgoitalone.

C.Talktoadoctor.

D.Listentoyourbody.

E.Startlow,goslow.

F.Gothroughthemotions.

G.Roundoutyourroutine.

HowtoGetActiveAgainAfteraBreak

Whetheryou'verecentlylostyourroutineorarejustlookingtogetbackinshape,thesesimplestrategieswillhelp.

Gettingbackintoexercisecanbeachallengeinthebestoftimes,butwithgymsandin-personexerciseclassesoff-limitstomanypeoplethesedaysbecauseofCOVID-19concerns,itcanbetrickytoknowwheretostart.Andit'simportanttogettherightdoseofactivity."Toomuchtoosooneitherresultsininjuryorburnout,"saysMaryYoke,PhD,afacultymemberinthekinesiologydepartmentatIndianaUniversityinBloomington.

Followthisadvicetoreturntoexercisesafely.

41

Don'ttrytogobacktowhatyouweredoingbeforeyourbreak.Ifyouwerewalking3milesaday,playing18holesofgolfthreetimesaweek,orlifting10-pounddumbbellsforthreesetsof10reps,reduceactivityto½mileeveryotherday,ornineholesofgolfonceaweekwithshortwalksonotherdays,oruse5pounddumbbellsforonesetof10reps.Increasetime,distance,andintensitygradually."Thisisn'tsomethingyoucandoovernight,"Denaysays.Butyou'llreapbenefitssuchaslessanxietyandimprovedsleeprightaway.

42

Ifyou'rebreathingtoohardtotalkincompletesentences,backoff.Ifyoufeelgood,goalittlelongerorfaster.Feelingwipedoutafterasession?Goeasiernexttime.Andstayalerttoserioussymptoms,suchaschestpainorpressure,severeshortnessofbreathordizziness,orfaintness,andseekmedicalattentionimmediately.

43

Consistencyisthekeytogettingstrongerandbuildingenduranceandstamina.Tenminutesofactivityperdayisagoodstart,saysMarcusJackovitz,DPT,aphysicaltherapistattheUniversityofMiamiHospital.Alltheexpertswespokewithhighlyrecommendingwalkingbecauseit'stheeasiest,mostaccessibleformofexercise.Althoughitcanbeaworkoutonitsown,ifyourgoalistogetbacktoZumbaclasses,tennis,cycling,oranyotheractivity,walkingisalsoagreatfirststep.

44

Evenifyoucan'tyetdoafavoriteactivity,youcanpracticethemoves.Withorwithoutacluborracket,swinglikeyou'rehittingtheball.Paddlelikeyou'reinakayakorcanoe.Mimicyourfavoriteswimmingstrokes.Theactionwillremindyouofthejoytheactivitybroughtyouandprimeyourmusclesforwhenyoucangetoutthereagain.

45

Exercisingwithothers"cankeepyouaccountableandmakeitmorefun,soyou'remorelikelytodoitagain,"Jackovitzsays.Youcandoactivitiessuchasgolfandtennisortakeawalkwithothersandstillbesociallydistant.Butwhenyoucan'tconnectinperson,considerusingtechnology.Chatonthephonewithafriendwhileyouwalkaroundyourneighborhood.FaceTimeorZoomwitharelativeasyoustrengthtrainorstretchathome.

SectionⅢTranslationDirections:

TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.46、Althoughwetryourbest,sometimesourpaintingsrarelyturnoutasoriginallyplanned.Changesinthelight,thelimitationsofyourpaintingmaterialsandthelackofexperienceandtechniquemeanthatwhatyoustartouttryingtoachievemaynotcometolifethewaythatyouExpected.

Althoughthiscanbefrustratinganddisappointing,itturnsoutthatthiscanactuallybegoodforyou.Unexpectedresultshavetwobenefits:youprettyquicklylearntodealwithdisappointmentandrealisethatwhenonedoorcloses,anotheropens.Youalsoquicklylearntoadaptandcomeupwithcreativesolutionstotheproblemsthepaintingpresents,andthinkingoutsidetheboxwillbecomeyoursecondnature.

Infact,creativeproblem-solvingskillsareincrediblyusefulindailylife,withwhichyouaremorelikelytobeabletofindasolutionwhenaproblemarises.

SectionⅣWriting

PartA47、Directions:

Supposeyouareplanningacampusfoodfestival.Writeanemailtotheinternationalstudentsinyouruniversityto

1)introducethefoodfestival,and

2)invitethemtoparticipate

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donot

useyourownname.Use"LiMing"instead.

PartB48、Directions:

Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechartand

2)giveyourcomments

WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET2.

答案:

SectionⅠUseofEnglish

1、B[解析]

本題根據(jù)文中writingisa______job—ajobislikeanyother，另外破折號(hào)為解釋說(shuō)明作用可知，job的修飾性形容詞應(yīng)符合likeanyother（像其他的任何工作一樣），四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有B項(xiàng)normal（正常的）符合likeanyother特性。

選項(xiàng)A的difficult意為“困難的”；選項(xiàng)C的steady意為“穩(wěn)定的”；選項(xiàng)D的pleasant意為“愉悅的”，均與原文語(yǔ)義不符，故均被排除。2、B[解析]

本題空格位于3句的句首，緊承前一句。空格后的代詞it指的是上文writing（寫(xiě)作），下文突然提到plumbing（修水管），plumber（水管工），pipes（水管）

看似毫無(wú)相關(guān)性，卻正是利用兩者之間的共性在做比較，故選擇B項(xiàng)compared。

選項(xiàng)A的combinde意為“結(jié)合”，選項(xiàng)C的confused意為“使困惑”，選項(xiàng)D的confronted意為“面對(duì)”，帶入原句后均不符合語(yǔ)意，故均被排除。3、A[解析]

本空所填寫(xiě)的邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)詞用來(lái)連接“you'reholdingdownajobtopaythebills”與后文“it'snot______tofindthetimetowrite.”之間的邏輯關(guān)系，根據(jù)語(yǔ)義可以判斷，前一句是后一句構(gòu)成的條件，因此選擇if。

選項(xiàng)B的though意為“盡管”，用來(lái)連接讓步邏輯關(guān)系，而本文中的兩個(gè)句子并不存在相反的邏輯，因此排除B選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)C的once作副詞意為“曾經(jīng)，一旦”，原文中并沒(méi)有提到與“過(guò)去”或者“假設(shè)”的相關(guān)語(yǔ)義，因此排除該選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)D的unless意為“除非”，該詞不符合本句的語(yǔ)義關(guān)系，故排除。4、D[解析]

本題空格需要填寫(xiě)形容詞，用來(lái)形容to后面的內(nèi)容，即“找到時(shí)間寫(xiě)作并不是一個(gè)______的事”，根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)義關(guān)系，可以判斷本空格需要闡明這并不是一件容易的事，因此選擇easy。

選項(xiàng)A的enough意為“足夠的”，B項(xiàng)的strange意為“奇怪的”，C項(xiàng)的wrong意為“錯(cuò)誤的”將選項(xiàng)代人原文意為“找到時(shí)間寫(xiě)作并不是一個(gè)足夠／奇怪／錯(cuò)誤的事”?？梢钥闯鲞@幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)均不符合語(yǔ)義，因此排除。5、C[解析]

本題空格位于第二段的第三句，需要填寫(xiě)一個(gè)動(dòng)詞與后文的賓語(yǔ)從句thatmostbestsellingauthorsbeganwritingoftenhavetodootherwork形成動(dòng)賓搭配，結(jié)合前文”如果你要保住一份用于支付一些賬單的工作，那么找時(shí)間寫(xiě)作就沒(méi)那么容易了”，此處想要表明就算是暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)的作家在寫(xiě)作時(shí)也需要做其他的工作來(lái)緩解收入上的問(wèn)題。結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義，只有選項(xiàng)C的Remember“記住，回憶”最為合適，代入原文，意為“要記住暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)作家也需要做其他的工作來(lái)

一他們寫(xiě)作的收入?！?/p>

選項(xiàng)A的Accept意為“接受”，選項(xiàng)B的Explain意為“解釋”，選項(xiàng)D的Suppose意為“假設(shè)”，將三個(gè)選項(xiàng)代入原文意為“接受／解釋?zhuān)僭O(shè)暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)作家也需要做其他的工作來(lái)______他們寫(xiě)作的收入?！闭Z(yǔ)意不通，故排除。6、A[解析]

空格所填詞位于本句話(huà)中的定語(yǔ)從句的部分內(nèi)容，定語(yǔ)從句“whoarefairly______”用于修飾名詞mostbestsellingauthors，意為“那些非常____的暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)作家”，結(jié)合mostbestselling可見(jiàn)，這些作家較為著名，因此選擇選項(xiàng)A的well-known“著名的”。

選項(xiàng)B的well-advised意為“明智的”，選項(xiàng)C的well-informed意為“消息靈通的，見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣的”，D項(xiàng)的well-chosen意為“精心挑選的”，將三個(gè)選項(xiàng)代入原文，意為“就算是那些明智的／消息靈通的／精心挑選的作家在寫(xiě)書(shū)的時(shí)候也要做另一份工作”，這些詞與暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)作家搭配不當(dāng)，且不符合上下文語(yǔ)意，故排除。7、C[解析]

本題需要填寫(xiě)動(dòng)詞，“做其它工作去______寫(xiě)作的收入”，根據(jù)前文可知：在寫(xiě)作的同時(shí)要做維持生計(jì)的工作，所以這里做其它工作是為了補(bǔ)充收入，C選項(xiàng)意為補(bǔ)充，故為正確答案。

A選項(xiàng)donate意為捐贈(zèng)，B選項(xiàng)generate意為產(chǎn)生，D選項(xiàng)calculate意為計(jì)算，帶入文中后語(yǔ)意不符，故排除。8、C[解析]

本題需要填寫(xiě)名詞，“這是一個(gè)優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)的______”，是本段的第一句話(huà)，根據(jù)后文可知本段整體在論述是否將寫(xiě)作看做優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)的問(wèn)題，所以這是個(gè)有關(guān)優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)的事。C選項(xiàng)填入后語(yǔ)意為有關(guān)優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)的問(wèn)題，符合語(yǔ)意。

A選項(xiàng)reason意為原因，B選項(xiàng)purpose意為目的，D選項(xiàng)condition意為條件，本段并沒(méi)有提到原因、目的和條件等相關(guān)內(nèi)容，帶入后語(yǔ)意不符，故排除。9、B[解析]

空格所填詞為動(dòng)詞詞，原文提到我們要專(zhuān)注于寫(xiě)作，所以對(duì)于其他活動(dòng)就無(wú)法投入精力，需要犧牲掉。B項(xiàng)的sacrifice意為犧牲，符合語(yǔ)義，為正確選項(xiàng)。

選項(xiàng)A的highlight，表示“強(qiáng)調(diào)”，選項(xiàng)C的continue表示繼續(xù)，選項(xiàng)D的explain表示解釋?zhuān)c文章邏輯不符，故排除。10、B[解析]

空格所填詞為名詞，所在句意為“取決于______和生活方式，后文列舉了看電視、聽(tīng)音樂(lè)等都屬于興趣。故正確選項(xiàng)為B的interests。

選項(xiàng)A的relations，意為“關(guān)系”。選項(xiàng)C的memories意為“記憶”，選項(xiàng)D的skills意為“技能，技巧”，不符合原文含義，因此排除。11、C[解析]

該題為邏輯關(guān)系，前文講到不能在寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候花更少的時(shí)間看電視聽(tīng)歌，但是有人在看電視聽(tīng)歌的同時(shí)也能做該事情，故選while，表示同時(shí)的意思。

A項(xiàng)until直到，B項(xiàng)because因?yàn)?，D項(xiàng)before在之前，均與文章邏輯不符，故排除。12、D[解析]

該題為短語(yǔ)搭配，前文主要在講養(yǎng)成寫(xiě)作習(xí)慣需要拋棄掉自己的興趣愛(ài)好，結(jié)合主旨，選cutdownon意為減少符合題意。

選項(xiàng)A的putupwith意為“忍受”，選項(xiàng)B的makeupfor意為“彌補(bǔ)”，選項(xiàng)C的hangonto意為“緊握”。13、B[解析]

文中解題關(guān)鍵為ratherthan，前后語(yǔ)義為對(duì)立邏輯，than后為adaily，time-consuming，說(shuō)明上題所填的形容詞為daily的反義概念，因此選擇occasional偶爾的。

A項(xiàng)的intelligent聰明的和D項(xiàng)的emotional情緒的都為修飾人的形容詞，C項(xiàng)的intensive密集的語(yǔ)義同文中daily含義不相關(guān)，故刪去。14、A[解析]

依舊根據(jù)ratherthan對(duì)立邏輯詞進(jìn)行含義的篩選，rather前socialmediaanoccasionalactivity，說(shuō)明than后time-consuming修飾的名詞也應(yīng)為同一類(lèi)名詞含義，遵循內(nèi)容相同，態(tài)度相反原則，即同activity的含義相似，因此選擇habit習(xí)慣。

B項(xiàng)的test測(cè)試，C項(xiàng)的decision決定和D項(xiàng)的plan計(jì)劃，都不能用time-consuming來(lái)修飾，同時(shí)含義與activity相差太大，故刪去。15、A[解析]

空格處所填詞為形容詞，用來(lái)形容后文的learningcurve，根據(jù)后文語(yǔ)義“這可能會(huì)讓你變得不受歡迎”可以得知，本空格需要說(shuō)明這并不是一個(gè)容易的過(guò)程，選項(xiàng)tough意味“棘手的，艱苦的”，符合本文語(yǔ)義，因此選擇A選項(xiàng)。

選項(xiàng)B的gentle意為“溫文爾雅的，溫和的”，語(yǔ)義偏褒義，不符合本句所體現(xiàn)的文意；選項(xiàng)C的rapid意為“快速的”，而本句中并沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程的快慢，故排除；選項(xiàng)D意為“有趣的”，本文需要體現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)義應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)該過(guò)程的艱難，因此排除該選項(xiàng)。16、D[解析]

本空格處考察了短語(yǔ)的含義以及上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，根據(jù)上文語(yǔ)義“還有一件事情是可以堅(jiān)持的”以及后文“______寫(xiě)作，那就是閱讀”，可以看出，是除了寫(xiě)作，作家還可以堅(jiān)持的就是閱讀，只有D選項(xiàng)inadditionto表示“除此之外”，符合語(yǔ)義，因此選擇D。

選項(xiàng)A的inplaceof意為“代替”，從文章可以看出，不是要用閱讀代替寫(xiě)作，而是兩件事情都做，故該選項(xiàng)排除。選項(xiàng)B的inchargeof意為“負(fù)責(zé)，管理”，作者是無(wú)法“管理”寫(xiě)作的，因此排除B；選項(xiàng)C的inresponseto意為“響應(yīng)，呼應(yīng)”，代入原文則意為“響應(yīng)你的寫(xiě)作，你要閱讀”，顯然不符合常理，因此排除C。17、A[解析]

本題空格謂語(yǔ)名詞之前，所填選項(xiàng)為形容詞，與supporter搭配。后文同位語(yǔ)解釋說(shuō)明“somethingy