高中英語時(shí)態(tài)-現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)講解及提升練習(xí)(有答案)

高中英語時(shí)態(tài)-現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)講解及提升練習(xí)構(gòu)成形式I/we/you/theyhavebeen+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞He/she/ithasbeen+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞基本句型肯定式第一人稱havebeendoingsth.疑問式Have第一人稱beendoingsth.簡(jiǎn)略回答Yes，第一人稱have.No，第一人稱haven't.肯定式第三人稱hasbeendoingsth.疑問式Has第三人稱beendoingsth.簡(jiǎn)略回答Yes，第三人稱has.No，第三人稱hasn't.1）表示一個(gè)在過去開始而在最近剛剛結(jié)束的行動(dòng)，如：Annisverytired.Shehasbeenworkinghard.Whyareyourclothessodirty?Whathaveyoubeendoing?2)表示一個(gè)從過去開始但仍在進(jìn)行的行動(dòng)，如：Ithasbeenrainingfortwohours.(現(xiàn)在還在下)Jackhasbeenfeelingverywellrecently.3)表示一個(gè)從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可以包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一個(gè)階段內(nèi)，重復(fù)發(fā)生的行動(dòng)，如：Shehasbeenplayingtennissinceshewaseight.4)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作行為的結(jié)果、影響，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作行為本身，如：Tom’shandsareverydirty.Hehasbeenrepairingthecar.Thecarisgoingagainnow.Tomhasrepairedit.標(biāo)志:1.句中常有延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞[1]

，2.時(shí)間點(diǎn)前有since。用法現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(Presentperfectcontinuous)主語+have/has+been+動(dòng)詞-ing(延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)（一）表示從過去某時(shí)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且還將持續(xù)下去。TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfortwothousandyears.中國有2019年的造紙歷史。（動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去）IhavebeenlearningEnglishthreeyearsago.三年以來我一直在學(xué)英語。（動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去）（二）表示在說話時(shí)刻之前到現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Wehavebeenwaitingforyouforhalfanhour.我們已經(jīng)等你半個(gè)鐘頭了(人還沒到，如同在電話里說的，還會(huì)繼續(xù)等)（三）有些現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子等同于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。Theyhavebeenlivinginthiscityfortenyears.Theyhavelivedinthiscityfortenyears.他們?cè)谶@個(gè)城市已經(jīng)住了10年了。（動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去）Ihavebeenworkinghereforfiveyears.Ihaveworkedhereforfiveyears.我在這里已經(jīng)工作五年了。（動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去）（四）大多數(shù)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子不等同于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。Ihavebeenwritingabook.（動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去）我一直在寫一本書。Ihavewrittenabook.（動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成）我已經(jīng)寫了一本書。Theyhavebeenbuildingabridge.他們一直在造一座橋。（動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去）Theyhavebuiltabridge.他們?cè)炝艘蛔鶚?。（?dòng)作已經(jīng)完成）（五）表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。Ihaveknownhimforyears.我認(rèn)識(shí)他已經(jīng)好幾年了。*Ihavebeenknowing...這類不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞還有：love愛，like喜歡，hate討厭，think想等等。（六）一些現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子也與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子含義相同延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)中使用，句意相同。例如：Shehassleptfor6hoursandstillcannotwakeup.Shehasbeensleepingfor6hoursandstillcannotwakeup.她已經(jīng)睡了6個(gè)小時(shí)，到現(xiàn)在還沒有醒來。(七）表示現(xiàn)在以前一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的未完成性Ithasbeenrainingfor3days。已經(jīng)下了3天的雨了（現(xiàn)在還沒停止）對(duì)比1）過去時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。2）過去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語連用，或無時(shí)間狀語。一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語:yesterday,lastweek，…ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow,具體的時(shí)間狀語共同的時(shí)間狀語:thismorning,tonight,thisApril,now,once，before,already,recently，lately現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inpastyears,always,不確定的時(shí)間狀語3）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.過去時(shí)常用的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。舉例：Isawthisfilmyesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過了。）Ihaveseenthisfilm.（強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）Whydidyougetupsoearly?（強(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生過了。）Whohasn'thandedinhispaper?（強(qiáng)調(diào)有包裝，可能為不公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。）ShehasreturnedfromParis.她已從巴黎回來了。Shereturnedyesterday.她是昨天回來了。HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears.(在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù))HehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears.(是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù))HejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.(三年前入團(tuán)，joined為短暫行為。)Ihavefinishedmyhomeworknow.---WillsomebodygoandgetDr.White?---He'salreadybeensentfor.句子中如有過去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞（如yesterday,last,week,in1960）時(shí)，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過去時(shí)。（錯(cuò)）Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.（對(duì)）Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.注意現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有否定結(jié)構(gòu)、而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)沒有否定結(jié)構(gòu)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)可表示做完的事情以及已有的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、但現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)不可以。在當(dāng)代英語中，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)也可用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Sincethatunfortunateaccidentlastweek,Ihaven’tbeensleepingatallwell.自從上周發(fā)生了那次不幸事故之后，我一直睡得很不好。Hehasn’tbeenworkingformeandIhaven’thadthatmuchcontactwithhim.他并沒有給我工作過，我和他沒有過那許多接觸。否定句構(gòu)成：主語+has/have+not+been+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他一般疑問句構(gòu)成:Have/has+主語+been+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他提升練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Whenthefamouspianistturnsthirty,he______thepianoformorethantwentyyears.A．plays B．willplay C．hasbeenplaying D．willhavebeenplaying2．—Willyoutakeoveratthenextservicearea?Iwantashortrest.—Sure.You______foroverfourhoursbythen.A．havedriven B．havebeendrivingC．willbedriving D．willhavebeendriving3．Sincethetimehumankindstartedgardening,we_____tomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.A．try B．havebeentryingC．a(chǎn)retrying D．willtry4．(2014·東北三省三校一聯(lián))TrafficconditionsinBeijing________fordecades.Atfirstpeopleonlycomplainedaboutjamsduringrushhours，buttodayeveryhourisrushhour.A．isworsening B．haveworsenedC．havebeenworsening D．worsened5．Itseemsthatwaterfromthistap________forsometime.We'llhavetotakeitaparttoputitright.A．hadleaked B．isleakingC．leaked D．hasbeenleaking6．Thegirlhasagreatinterestinsportand_______badmintonclassestwiceaweekoverthelastthreeyears.A．tookB．istakingC．takesD．hasbeentaking7．---I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.---Ithinkso.He_____foritmonths.A．ispreparing B．hasbeenpreparing C．waspreparing D．hadbeenpreparing8．Forsometimenow,Chinesepeople,undertheleadershipofCPC,______thecontentsoftheScientificDevelopmentTheoryinthecourseofpracticingsocialisminChina.A．hadbeenimproving B．havebeenimprovingC．wereimproving D．improved9．Themanager_______theworkershowtoimprovetheprogramsince9a.m.A．hastold B．istelling C．hasbeentelling D．willhavetold10．Thecompany________ariseinsalaryforagesbutnothinghashappenedyet.A．hasbeenpromising B．hadpromised C．promised D．promises11．CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool,whereshe_______Englishforayear.A．studies B．studiedC．isstudying D．hasbeenstudying12．Overthepastdecades,seaice________intheArcticasaresultofglobalwarming.A．haddecreased B．decreasedC．hasbeendecreasing D．isdecreasing13．Mr.Smith________hispupilshowtoprepareforthetestsince8am,butnoonelistenstohim.A．hastold B．istellingC．hasbeentelling D．willhavetold14．Inordertofindthemissingchild,villagers_____alltheycanoverthepastfivehours.A．did B．doC．haddone D．havebeendoing15．Motherwantedtobeagoodprovider,aroleshe______sincehermarriagetoFather.A．shoulders B．shoulderedC．isshouldering D．hasbeenshouldering16．I’mtiredout.I__________allafternoonandIdon’tseemtohavefinishedanything.A．shopped B．haveshoppedC．hadshopped D．havebeenshopping17．TostrengthenJapan'sdiplomaticinfluenceandincreasemilitarypresenceacrosstheworld,Abe(安倍)________agreaterroleforhiscountryininternationalaffairssincehetookoffice.A．sought B．hadsought C．isseeking D．hasbeenseeking18．Maryreallyhardonhisbookandthinkshe’llhavefinisheditbyFriday.A．worked B．hasbeenworkingC．hadworked D．hasworked19．—WhereisPeter?Ican'tfindhimanywhere.—Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand________hisessaythereeversince.A．wrote B．hadwritten C．hasbeenwriting D．iswriting20．Iareportabouttheairpollutioninmyhometownallthemorningandhaven’tfinishedityet.A．wrote B．havebeenwritingC．waswriting D．havewritten21．—Sorry,I’mlate.—That’sOK.I_________long.A．haven’twaited B．don’twaitC．haven’tbeenwaiting D．didn’twait22．—Tony,whyareyoureyesred?—I________uppeppersforthelastfiveminutes.A．cut B．wascuttingC．hadcut D．havebeencutting23．—Hi,Jack,youlooksotired.—I’mtired.Ithekitchenallday.A．painted B．hadpaintedC．havebeenpainting D．waspainting24．（題文）（2018·江蘇97校聯(lián)考）—Youlookprettytiredtoday!—Ianenvironmentalreportoverthelastfewdays,whichshouldbesubmittedtothebosstomorrow.A．wroteB．waswritingC．hadwrittenD．havebeenwriting25．—Ithinkthepaperistakingyoualongtimetowrite.—I______onitforalmostamonthnow.A．worked B．wasworkingC．a(chǎn)mworking D．havebeenworking26．（2016·江蘇卷﹒單項(xiàng)填空）Dashan,who____________crosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.A．willbelearning B．islearningC．hadbeenlearning D．hasbeenlearning27．Accordingtothenewly-electedFrenchpresident,Macron,Francewillreformtherigidandoutdatedrulesthat________thedevelopmentofthecountryinthenearfuture.A．limited B．hadlimitedC．havebeenlimiting D．willlimit28．—Wow,Ididn’tknowyouplaygolfsowell.—I____________forthelast6months.A．play B．playedC．a(chǎn)mplaying D．havebeenplaying29．Iamsotired，forI________Englishfor2hours.A．isstudying B．havebeenstudyingC．wasstudying D．hadbeenstudying30．Housingprices_______sincetheendofthelastyear.Therefore,it’stimethecentralgovernment______someeffectivemeasurestobringthemundercontrol.A．haveincreased;wouldtake B．haveincreased;willtakeC．havebeenincreasing;take D．havebeenincreasing;took31．—Jack,youlookalittleoffcolour.—Well,I____________latetofinishmyreportthesedayswhichisduethisFriday.A．wasstayingup B．havebeenstayingupC．hadstayedup D．wastostayup32．Housingprices____________sincetheendoflastyear.Therefore,it’stimethecentralgovernment____________someeffectivemeasurestobringthemundercontrol.A．haveincreased；wouldtake B．haveincreased；willtakeC．havebeenincreasing；takes D．havebeenincreasing；took33．Excuseme,Madam.Ellen,ajournalistfromtheDailyMail____________allday.Couldyouspeaktohimnow?A．phones B．hasphonedC．phoned D．hasbeenphoning34．Theymustbeverytirednow，forthey________inthefieldthewholemorning.A．worked B．a(chǎn)reworkingC．hadworked D．havebeenworking35．—Why，Jack，youlooksotired!—Well，I________thehouseandImustfinishtheworktomorrow.A．waspainting B．willbepaintingC．havepainted D．havebeenpainting36．Housingprices_____sinceafewyearsago.Therefore,it’stimethecentralgovernment_____someeffectivemeasurestobringthemundercontrol.A．haveincreased;wouldtake B．haveincreased;willtakeC．havebeenincreasing;takes D．havebeenincreasing;took37．Iwon’ttellthestudenttheanswertothemathproblemunlesshe____________onitformorethanhalfanhour.A．isworking B．workedC．willbeworking D．hasbeenworking38．—Adam,whyareyoulookingsotired?Whatareyoubusywith?—I____________forweeksforthecomingMid-AutumnFestivalconcert.A．willbepreparing B．hadpreparedC．a(chǎn)mgoingtoprepare D．havebeenpreparing39．IthinktheEgyptians____________totellusinthepictures,whichscientistsfoundbyaccident,for3,000yearsthatthisishowtheybuiltthepyramids.A．try B．triedC．a(chǎn)retrying D．havebeentrying40．Shallthekidstakeabreak?They____________homeworkinthestudyfornearlytwohours!A．did B．havedoneC．a(chǎn)redoing D．havebeendoing41．ThehousingpriceinSuzhou________sharplyrecently,sonewmeasuresaretobetakentocontrolit.A．hasbeenrising B．willrise C．rises D．hadrisen42．People_______aboutwhatourfuturewilllooklikeforthousandsofyears.A．havebeenwondering B．wonder C．wondered D．willwonder43．—Youareagreatswimmer.—Thanks.It’sbecauseI______alotthesedays.A．havebeenpractising B．waspractisingC．wouldpractise D．hadpractised44．Thenumberofvisitors______steadilysincethereopening,despiteasharpdeclinecomparedtonormalyears.A．hasrisen B．isrisingC．hadbeenrising D．hasbeenrising45．Inadditiontofillingstomachsofhisfamily,he_________himselftoimprovingthequalityofthehomelesspeople’slifeforyears,A．hasbeendevoting B．woulddevoteC．isdevoting D．devotes答案1．D2．D3．B4．C5．D6．D7．B8．B9．C10．A11．D12．C13．C14．D15．D16．D17．D18．B19．C20．B21．C22．D23．C24．D25．D26．D27．C28．D29．B30．D31．B32．D33．D34．D35．D36．D37．D38．D39．D40．D41．A42．A43．A44．D45．A二、漢譯英（整句）1.中國一直在為了全體公民的利益而推行改革。(漢譯英)2.他一直在寫一封信。（仍然在寫）(漢譯英)3.你最近常和那對(duì)夫婦見面嗎？(漢譯英)4.我等你已有兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。（可能表示不滿）(漢譯英)5.全球氣候一直在變化。（主+謂）（漢譯英）答案1.Chinahasbeenpushingthereformforthebenefitofallitscitizens.2.Hehasbeenwritingaletter.3.Haveyoubeenmeetingthecouplerecently?4.Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.5.Theworldclimatehasbeenchanging.三、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1.He________(paint)theroomallthemorning.2.I________(wait)foryousincemorning.3.He________(sit)therestudyingallevening.4.—Youlookdirty.Whathaveyoubeendoing?—I________(clean)thegarage.5.I________(notfeel)verywellforthepastfewdays.6.—let’stakeacoffeebreak.—Yousaidit.We________(work)forhours.Forthepasttwoyears，Gordon'sstudents________(study)waystokillbacteriainzerogravity，andtheythinkthey'reclosetoasolution.Mary________tothelibraryforayear.(go)9.Britainaswellasmanyotherindustrialcountries,________(experience)majorchangesoverthelast100years.10.Mr.Smith,alongwithhisstudents,________(work)ontheprojectdayandnighttofinishthetaskaheadoftime.11.Herhusbanddiedbecauseofsmokinglastmonthandshe________(ban)hersonfromsmokingeversince.12.Iwon'ttellthestudenttheanswertothemathproblemuntilhe________(work)onitformorethananhour.13.Mykneejointshavebeen________(ache)foraweek.14.Forthepastfewmonths,we________(interview)andfilmingyoungplayersabouttheirinterestinbasketball.15.—Thomas,whyareyoureyesred?—I________(cut)uponionsforthelastfiveminutes.Dashan,who______(learn)crosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.17.Thestudents______(work)hardontheirlessonsandtheireffortswillberewardedwithsuccessintheend.18.He______(play)tennissincehewaseight.19.Aretiredengineer,76-year-oldWilson,______(offer)freeridestocollegestudentsforthepasteightyears.20.—Excuseme,whichmovieareyouwaitingfor?—ThenewStarWars.We______(wait)hereformorethantwohours.21.Nowthatsheisoutofwork,Lucy______(consider)goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.2