北京中考英語(yǔ)綜合模擬測(cè)試卷含答案(整套)

【文庫(kù)獨(dú)家】2020北京市高級(jí)中等學(xué)校招生模擬考試英語(yǔ)(滿分:120分時(shí)間:120分鐘)聽力理解(共26分)(略)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共25分)四、單項(xiàng)填空(共13分,每小題1分)從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。22.ThelovelygirlisfromClass6.nameisAlice.

A.Her B.His C.Your D.Its23.—Isyourfatherhome?—No,hesworkinglatetheoffice.

A.on B.at C.of D.to24.Therewereonlytwopaintingsforsaleandhebought.

A.all B.any C.both D.some25.Letsforawalk,shallwe?

A.togo B.going C.go D.gone26.—WherewereyoulastSaturday?—IintheCapitalMuseum.

A.am B.willbe C.was D.havebeen27.—Mum,mustIwashthedishesrightnow?—No,you.

A.shouldnt B.wouldnt C.mustnt D.neednt28.Iworkhardthisterm,butPeterworksmuch.

A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.thehardest29.—MayIspeaktotheheadmaster?—Heameetingnow.CanItakeamessage?

A.ishaving B.had C.has D.willhave30.Therearenobuses,youllhavetowalk.

A.so B.or C.but D.for31.—isthedictionary?

—Its$22.95.A.Howold B.Howlong C.Howthick D.Howmuch32.IMr.SmithsincehemovedtoShanghai.

A.didnthearfrom B.donthearfromC.wonthearfrom D.haventheardfrom33.Today,computersarereallyhelpful.Theyeverywhere.

A.use B.areused C.used D.wereused34.—Canyoutellmetheprize,Tom?

—Lastyear.A.whenyougot B.whendidyouget C.whenwillyouget D.whenyouwillget五、完形填空(共12分,每小題1分)閱讀下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。Severalweeksago,ourheadmaster,Mr.Gaudi,toldusthatourschoolhadbeenchosentocompeteonSmartAleck—agameshowwhichmybestfriendCarlaandIbothlove.Carlahasagoodimagination,andIknowalotofhistory,sowethoughtwedbegood35fortheteam.

Afewdayslater,Mr.Gaudiheldameetingwitheveryoneinterestedinthe36.HetoldusthatSmartAleckusesafive-memberteam.Healsosaidthatthreemorepeoplewouldbeneededasbackup(替補(bǔ)).Unluckily,fourtimesthatmanystudentswereatthemeeting.SoMr.Gaudisaidwewouldhavea37andthetopeightscorerswouldbecometheteamandthebackup.Everybodyagreedthatthiswasa38waytodecide.

Yesterday,allofthehopefulswenttothedininghallafterschool.Wewouldhavetodecidethestartingline-up(陣容).Mr.Gaudiactedasthehost.Afteracoupleofhours,allthe39ontheteamweresetexceptone.CarlaandI40forthatlastposition.Wehadtoholdaone-on-onecompetitionbetweenthetwoofus.Thewinnerwouldbeontheteamandtheloserwouldbethebackup.

Midwaythroughourtwo-personcompetition,Iwasstartingtopullahead.41IsawthelookonCarlasface.IwaitedforasecondandknewwhatIhadtodo.AsmuchasIwantedtobeonSmartAleck,Carlawanted42evenmore.So,startingwithmynextquestion,IheldbackandletCarla43,justbyalittlebit.Herexpressionasshe44shewouldbeontheshowmadeupformynotbeingontheteam.AndsinceIwillgoasbackup,Illstillhavethefunofseeingtheshowupclose.

WasI45bynottryingashardasIcould?Idontthinkso.Noonenoticed,andCarlaandIdidnt46it.ItwonthurttheteambecauseCarlawillbeaverygoodcompetitorontherealshow.Ithinkthatmakingmybestfriendhappywastherightthingtodo.

35.A.choices B.pairs C.leaders D.fans36.A.course B.work C.trip D.show37.A.direction B.discussion C.competition D.conversation38.A.special B.hard C.fair D.funny39.A.places B.rules C.names D.orders40.A.tied B.clapped C.cried D.returned41.A.Still B.Never C.Then D.Again42.A.us B.it C.me D.her43.A.wait B.turn C.move D.win44.A.accepted B.realized C.considered D.decided45.A.coming B.refusing C.helping D.cheating46.A.mean B.plan C.regret D.say閱讀理解(共44分)六、閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。(共26分,每小題2分)AJoinUsforaDayatSunValleyAmusementPark

Childrenaged10to14areinvitedtotakepartinthe“EventoftheSummer”atSunValleyAmusementPark,themostpopularamusementparkontheEastCoast.SunValleyhasmorethan80amusementrides.Forsportslovers,therearebasketballcourts,anindoorbaseballfield,andclimbingwalls.

Noamusementparkwouldbecompletewithoutagiftshop.SunValleyhastwo.

Youwontwanttomissoutonthisdayoffun.JoinusatSunValleyAmusementParkonJuly14.Register(登記)early.

●Thecostofthetripis$25.Thisincludesticketsandallrides.

●Wesuggestthatallchildrenbringlunch.

●Busesleaveat9:00AMandreturnat5:00PM.

●RainDate:Wednesday,July16.

RegisterattheChildrensRecreationCenterattheTownHallbyJuly3.

Aone-dayregistrationwillalsobeheldonJuly1attheBrownSchool.

Formoreinformation,callJaneParksat555-7267.47.Whocantakepartinthe“EventoftheSummer”?A.Childrenunder5. B.Childrenover16.C.Childrenaged10-14. D.Childrenaged5-9.48.Thechildrenhadbetterbring.

A.abasketball B.lunch C.agift D.gloves49.WhencanchildrenregisterattheBrownSchool?A.OnJuly1. B.OnJuly3. C.OnJuly14. D.OnJuly16.BStreetPingPong—Ping!Doyouliketabletennis?IfyouhadtravelledtocitiesintheUKlikeLondonorBirminghamlastsummer,youmighthaveseenoneofthedozensoffreetablesthatwerethereaspartofaproject(項(xiàng)目)calledPing!.WhatisPing!?Ping!isathree-yeartabletennisproject.Ithasbeenrunningsince2010andthisyear,2012,isthefinalyear.TheideaistoputfreetabletennistablesineightdifferenttownsintheUKforfourweeksduringthesummer.Eachtablecomeswithitsownbatsandballsandisfreetoplay.Youcanfindthetablesoutdoors.WhatdoesPing!hopetoachieve?ItwouldbegreatifPing!helpedfindanewOlympictabletennisstarbutwhatPing!reallyhopestoachieveisjusttogetpeopleplayingandhavingfuntogether.“Puttingapingpongtableonthestreetgivespeopleachancetoconnectwithotherpeople,”saidMeeraSodha,Ping!ProjectManager.OneofthetownsthattookpartintheprojectwasHull,acityinEngland.Forty-fivetableswereputintothecity.JakobAdamski,anESOLstudentlearningEnglish,said,“Ireallyenjoyedplayingtabletennisinthepark.ItwasalsoagoodwayformetopractisemyEnglishandmeetpeople.”50.WhendidthePing!projectstart?A.Lastsummer. B.Lastwinter. C.In2010. D.In2012.51.WhatsthePing!project?A.Choosingtabletennisstars.B.Holdingtabletennismatches.C.Teachingpeoplehowtoplaytabletennis.D.Puttingfreetabletennistablesinsometowns.52.ThepurposeofthePing!projectis.

A.tohelppeoplepractiseEnglishB.toinvitepeopletovisittheUKcitiesC.togetpeopletoplayandhavefuntogetherD.toencouragepeopletotakepartinthe2012OlympicsCTherightnameisimportantinthebusinessworld.Allyouhavetodoisthinkofthenamesforsomeoftheproductsyoubuyeverydayandyoullagreethatthenameandtheproductareconnectedineveryonesmind.Inmanycountries,successfultradeorbrandnamesareprotectedbylaw.Thisissothatothercompaniescannotmakeaproductthatlookslikeanother.Peoplemightthinkthattheywerebuyingoneproductand,infact,bebuyingsomethingdifferent.Businessesregisteracompanyoraproductnamewiththegovernment.Infact,morethan1,000productandcompanynamesareregisteredeveryhour.Manycompaniesspendalotofmoneytofindtherightnamefortheirproducts.Agoodexampleofthisisinthecarindustry.Somesuccessfulnamesforcarshavepowerfulassociations(聯(lián)系).TheFordMustangandtheJaguarareonlytwoexamplesofchoosingthenamesofanimalsthatarefastandstrong.WhenaU.S.companydecidestosellitsproductinanothercountry,ithastomakesurethattheproductnametranslatesproperly.WhenCoca-ColaintroduceditssoftdrinktoChina,1Bitlookedfortherightname.Itwantedanamethatwoulddotwothings.Onewastopresentitsimage(形象)inChineseandthesecondwastobeclosetoitsfirstbrandname—Coke.Ittooksomeeffortsbeforefindingtherightword—whichsoundssimilarandtranslatesas“happinessinthemouth”.AsiancompanynamesarenotnewtotheUnitedStates.ThebrandnamesofSamsungandSonyhavebeensuccessful.Findingtherightbrandnameisabigbusiness.Asiancompaniesthatselltoforeignmarketspaytofindanamethatwillconnectwithitscustomers.Thereareevennamingcompaniesthatspecializeininventingproductnames.Thesecompaniescancharge(要價(jià))upto$100,000awordfortheircreations.Butitsworthit.Successfulcompaniesknowhowimportanttherightbrandnamesarefortheirdevelopment.53.Whyaretradenamesprotectedbylawinmanycountries?A.Tomakecompaniespayfornamingservice.B.Tohelppeoplechoosethebestproducts.C.Topresentgoodimagesoftheproducts.D.Topreventproductsfrombeingcopied.54.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Manycompaniescareaboutthecostoffindingtherightnames.B.Creativetradenamescanhelpcompaniestohavealargersale.C.Thegovernmentoftendoesbusinesswithnamingcompanies.D.Itisconsiderednecessaryforcarstobenamedafteranimals.55.Whatsthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheBusinessofNames B.TheDevelopmentofNamesC.TheRulesofNamingBusiness D.TheMethodsofChoosingNamesDReadingOliverJamesAffluenza,Ithoughtaboutwhatoftenhappensathome.My12-year-olddaughterisintears.“Ihavetotakeatesttomorrow.Idontunderstandanyofit,”shecriesout.Aftershoutingandshuttingherdoor,shecalmsdownenoughtogothroughhernotes.ThefollowingdayIaskherhowthetestwentandshejustsays“OK.Igotanine.”“Wow,welldone!”Isay,beforeshefinisheswith“ButInevergetaten!”AccordingtoJames,thisobsessionwithgettingtopmarkshasbeenabaddevelopment,whichencouragespeopletothinkofeducationintermsofworkandmoney.Totestthis,Iaskedmydaughterwhyshewassoworriedabouthertests.ShelookedatmeasifIwasthick.“Well,ifIdontgetgoodgrades,Iwontgetintouniversity.ThenIprobablywontgetagoodjobandIwontbeabletoaffordnicethingslikeacarandstuff.”Iwasquitesurprised,becauseIdontconsidermyselfapushyparent.ButJamessuggestsshowinganyinterestingradessendsthemessagethatwhatisimportantisresultsanditleavesstudentsfeelingfailureseveniftheyareverybright.HepointstotheDanishsystem(體制)ofeducationasabettermodel.Creatinghappycitizenswhohavegoodsocialskillsisseenasmoreimportantthanhighachievementsatschoolortheneedsofbusiness.Forme,IcannotrememberthelasttimeIhadtoworkouttheareaofacircle,reciteaShakespearepoemorgrammarrules,yetIhavelivedahappylife.WhatIreallyneededtolearnatschoolwashowtomakepoliteconversations,orhowtoavoidgettingintodebtorhowtodevelopgoodpersonality.ThisisinfactsimilartowhatOliverJamesreallyhasinmind.Andheislookingforschoolswherestudentsareencouragedtofindandfollowtheirowninterests,somethingmorelikeTongjon.TongjonhasbeendevelopedinsomeKoreanprivateschools.ItisquitedifferentfromthemorerigidsystemoflearningthingsbyheartthatisusedinKorea,andindeedinmanyotherschoolsystemsaroundtheworld.AstheRussianpoetPushkinsaid,“Inspiration(靈感)isneededingeometry(幾何學(xué))justasmuchasinpoetry”,andinspirationdoesnotcomefromendlesslyrevisingfortestsorgettingworriedaboutthem.56.Whatdoesthewriterprobablythinkofhis/herdaughter?A.Shesetsherselfagoaltoohightoreach.B.Sheshouldbemorepolitetoherparents.C.Sheishard-workingbutnotverybright.D.Shetakeshergradesmuchtooseriously.57.Whatdoestheword“obsession”inParagraph3mean?A.Aplainandunavoidablefact. B.Asatisfiedandveryproudstate.C.Apracticalandwidely-usedway. D.Afixedandoftenunreasonableidea.58.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Socialskillsareasimportantashighgrades.B.Interestingradescanshakeself-confidence.C.Thewriterregretsnothavingstudiedhardatschool.D.Danisheducationalsystemisforverysmartstudents.59.Thewriterwantstotellusthat.

A.learninghappilyisthekeytoself-developmentB.topmarksmaybehelpfultoincreaseonesinterestC.testsshouldbeimprovedtogivechildreninspirationD.educationshouldmeetonesneedsforworkandmoney七、閱讀短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(共8分,每小題2分)TheLivingMachineDr.JackToddisveryinterestedincleanwater.60,soitsnaturalthatheisthedeveloperofasmallandaffordablesystem(系統(tǒng))tocleanwastewater.His“LivingMachine”cancleanwastewaterinyourhomeorinyourbusiness.

61.Thewastewatergoesintoabigplastictankwherebacteria(細(xì)菌)starttobreakdownthewaste.Afewdayslaterafteritisdealtwith,thewaterisbroughtintoagreenhousefilledwithplantsandfish.Withthehelpofsunlight,theplantsandanimalsremovemorechemicalsfromthewater,makingitcleaner.Thenthewatercanbereusedforwashingorbathing.62,butthewateriscleanenoughforwateringtheflowers,washingthedog,orevenforbathingorswimming.

Theadvantageofthistechnologyisthatitisaffordableandgoodfortheenvironment.63,itcanhelptouselessfreshwater,anditcanhelpkeepthewatersupplyunpolluted.

A.Ifenoughhomesandbusinessesuse“LivingMachines”B.PeopleliketoplanttreesaroundtheirhousesC.HeisalsointerestedinsavingmoneyD.ItcannotbeusedfordrinkingorcookingE.The“LivingMachine”isasystemforcleaningwastewater八、閱讀短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。(共10分,每小題2分)Everyyear,wildfires(野火)destroymuchforestland.Homesarebrokendown,andthousandsofpeopledie.Smokejumpersarehelpingtostopthis.Smokejumpersareaspecialkindoffirefighter.Theyjumpfromplanesintoareasthataredifficulttoreachbycaroronfoot.Theyracetoputoutfiresasfastastheycan.Atafiresite,smokejumpersfirstexaminethelandanddecidehowtofightthefire.Theirmaingoalistostopafirefromspreading.Usingbasictoolssuchasshovelsandaxes,smokejumpersclearlandofburnablemateriallikeplantsandotherdrymaterial.Theycarrywaterwiththemtoo,butnotmuch.Althoughmostofsmokejumpersaremen,morewomenarejoining.Mostimportantareyourheightandweight.SmokejumpersintheU.S.,forexample,mustbe54to91kilograms,sotheydontgethurtwhentheyland,orgetblownbystrongwinds.Smokejumpersmustalsobeabletoliveinthewilderness.InRussia,manysmokejumpersknowhowtofindfoodintheforestandevenmakesimplefurniturefromtrees.Theworkisdangerous,andthehoursarelong.Butforthesefirefighters,smokejumpingisntjustajob.Theylovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.As28-year-oldRussiansmokejumperAlexiTishinsays,“Thisisthebestjobforthestrongandbrave.”64.Whataresmokejumpers?

65.Wheredotheyjumpfrom?

66.Whatstheirmaingoal?

67.Whyshouldtheyhaveproperweight?

68.Whatsneededtobeasmokejumper?

書面表達(dá)(共25分)九、完成句子(共10分,每小題2分)根據(jù)中文意思完成句子。69.很抱歉我沒(méi)能參加你的生日晚會(huì)。formissingyourbirthdayparty.

70.你在課余時(shí)間喜歡讀書嗎?Doyouinyoursparetime?

71.杰克會(huì)和同學(xué)們相處得很好。Jackwillhisclassmates.

72.這個(gè)演講非常精彩,我們都聽得很認(rèn)真。Thespeechwealllistenedcarefully.

73.他們很難在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)想出新的辦法。anewwayinsuchashorttime.

十、文段表達(dá)(15分)根據(jù)中文大意和英文提示詞語(yǔ),寫出意思連貫、符合邏輯、不少于60詞的短文。所給英文提示詞語(yǔ)僅供選用。請(qǐng)不要寫出你的校名和姓名。74.生活中每個(gè)人都有過(guò)與他人分享的體驗(yàn),如分享一本有趣的書、一段難忘的經(jīng)歷、一個(gè)閃光的想法……現(xiàn)在,某英文報(bào)紙就分享(Sharing)話題征文,請(qǐng)你投稿。描述一次你與他人分享的經(jīng)歷,并談?wù)勀愕母惺?。提示詞語(yǔ):share...with...;experience;interest;learn;change;encourage;enjoy;happiness;confident

知識(shí)運(yùn)用四、單項(xiàng)填空22.A句意:這個(gè)可愛(ài)的女孩來(lái)自6班。她的名字是Alice。本題考查物主代詞。her她的;his他的;your你的,你們的;its它的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中的girl一詞可知答案為A項(xiàng)。23.B句意:——你爸爸在家嗎?——不在,他正在辦公室熬夜工作。本題考查介詞。on在……上面,關(guān)于;at在某處;of……的;to到某處去。根據(jù)句意可知答案為B項(xiàng)。評(píng)析本題考查介詞的用法,出題點(diǎn)有別于以往北京中考考點(diǎn)。往年對(duì)介詞的考查雖然也集中于at,on,in,但多以三者表達(dá)時(shí)間的區(qū)別為主,2012年則考查了介詞短語(yǔ)作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的用法。24.C句意:只有兩幅畫出售,他都買下了。本題考查不定代詞的用法。all都(三者或三者以上);any任何(三者或三者以上);both都(兩者);some一些。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中的two可知前提為兩者,故答案為C項(xiàng)。評(píng)析本題考查不定代詞。這類詞中有關(guān)“兩者”和“三者”全肯定、全否定、選其一的用法是初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的難點(diǎn)之一。往年北京中考對(duì)不定代詞的考查難度最大只限于other系列詞,2012年中考在不定代詞的考查難度上又提升了一個(gè)檔次。25.C句意:咱們?nèi)ド⒉?好嗎?本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。動(dòng)詞let后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),即letsb.dosth.,意為“讓某人做某事”,故答案為C項(xiàng)。評(píng)析北京市中考語(yǔ)法選擇題中通常有兩道題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,一題考查動(dòng)詞不定式,如asksb.todosth.;另一題考查動(dòng)名詞,如enjoydoing或finishdoing。2012年語(yǔ)法題僅有一題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,考查點(diǎn)則是動(dòng)詞不定式的特殊用法(省略to),由此可見“語(yǔ)法題量減少,難度增加”是事實(shí)。此外,letsb.do這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)以往更常出現(xiàn)在非選擇題的“完成句子”題型中。26.C句意:——上周六你在哪兒?——我在首都博物館。本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中的lastSaturday“上周六”可知該句應(yīng)為一般過(guò)去時(shí),故答案為C項(xiàng)。27.D句意:——媽媽,我必須現(xiàn)在洗碗嗎?——不,不必。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。shouldnt不應(yīng)該;wouldnt不愿意;mustnt不可以;neednt不必。根據(jù)句意可知答案應(yīng)為D項(xiàng)。28.B句意:這學(xué)期我學(xué)習(xí)很努力,但是Peter更努力。本題考查副詞的比較級(jí)。hard原級(jí);harder比較級(jí);hardest和thehardest均為最高級(jí)。語(yǔ)境中只出現(xiàn)兩者相比較(I與Peter),應(yīng)該用比較級(jí),此外much常用來(lái)修飾比較級(jí),故答案為B。評(píng)析本題考查副詞的比較級(jí),與往年相比提示詞不明顯,難度略有增加。此外就選項(xiàng)設(shè)置而言,副詞的最高級(jí)前可帶the,也可以省略the,因此選項(xiàng)C和D其實(shí)一樣。29.A句意:——我可以跟校長(zhǎng)通話嗎?——他現(xiàn)在正在開會(huì),我可以帶個(gè)口信嗎?本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。ishaving現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);had一般過(guò)去時(shí);has一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);willhave一般將來(lái)時(shí)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中的now可知本題應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),故答案為A項(xiàng)。30.A句意:沒(méi)有公共汽車,因此你得步行。本題考查連詞的辨析。so因此;or或者,否則;but但是;for為了,由于。根據(jù)句意可知答案為A。評(píng)析2012年中考對(duì)連詞的考查較以往靠后,往年對(duì)于連詞的考查通常在語(yǔ)法考題的前五題范圍內(nèi)。此外往年的連詞題選項(xiàng)設(shè)置通常為and,but,or,so,而2012年中考去掉了最常見的and選項(xiàng),換上了不常考的連詞for,說(shuō)明語(yǔ)法題難度增大。31.D句意:——這本詞典多少錢?——22.95美元。本題考查特殊疑問(wèn)詞組的辨析。howold多大年齡;howlong多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間;howthick多厚;howmuch多少錢、多少(指不可數(shù)名詞的量)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中的22.95美元可知答案為D。評(píng)析本題考查how系列的特殊疑問(wèn)詞組,往年考點(diǎn)多見howold,howlong,howmuch,howoften,間或有howmany,howfar,2012年卻出現(xiàn)了howthick,由此可見出題者在刻意加大語(yǔ)法考查難度。32.D句意:自從史密斯先生搬去上海我就再也沒(méi)有收到過(guò)他的來(lái)信。本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)辨析。didnthearfrom一般過(guò)去時(shí);donthearfrom一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);wonthearfrom一般將來(lái)時(shí);haventheardfrom現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)題中since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句可知主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故答案為D。評(píng)析2012年北京中考語(yǔ)法考查由2011年的15分減少為13分,以往比重較大的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)辨析題也相應(yīng)減少,只出現(xiàn)了3道題,即第26題一般過(guò)去時(shí)、第29題現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和本題現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。33.B句意:電腦真的非常有幫助,現(xiàn)在到處都在使用電腦。本題考查動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。題中的They指代上句中的computers,與動(dòng)詞use之間形成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故排除A、C;題中的Today為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞,選項(xiàng)B符合此要求,故答案選B。評(píng)析動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是北京市中考?？键c(diǎn),每年必考,出題位置通常是語(yǔ)法倒數(shù)第2題(有交際用語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)時(shí)曾位于倒數(shù)第3題),在賓語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)之前。今年依然如此。此外被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)考查點(diǎn)多以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)為主,2012年很多區(qū)縣在模擬時(shí)預(yù)測(cè)了一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),而最終考查點(diǎn)依然是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),說(shuō)明命題人沒(méi)有在此點(diǎn)上加大難度。34.A句意:——Tom,能告訴我你何時(shí)獲的獎(jiǎng)嗎?——去年。本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)序進(jìn)行判斷,選項(xiàng)A和D符合;又根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Lastyear可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí),選項(xiàng)A符合此項(xiàng)要求,故答案為A。評(píng)析本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句。往年北京市中考語(yǔ)法考題中通常有兩道題考從句,一是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句(或when/assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句),考查點(diǎn)為“主將從現(xiàn)”;另一個(gè)則是賓語(yǔ)從句。2012年中考語(yǔ)法題減量之后僅考查了賓語(yǔ)從句,可見賓語(yǔ)從句是初中英語(yǔ)?？键c(diǎn)、必考點(diǎn),其位置亦保持不變,居于語(yǔ)法題最后一題。五、完形填空[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文。學(xué)校選拔學(xué)生參加SmartAleck競(jìng)賽節(jié)目(類似北京電視臺(tái)的《SK狀元榜》,編者注),作者和好朋友Carla都想?yún)⒓?但名額有限,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈。最后的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻作者不為人察覺(jué)地做出讓步,將機(jī)會(huì)給了Carla。畢竟,朋友的笑臉比比賽結(jié)果更重要。35.Achoice選擇;pair對(duì),雙;leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者;fan粉絲。根據(jù)本段描述,作者和好朋友都想?yún)⒓哟斯?jié)目,兩人各有所長(zhǎng),都認(rèn)為自己會(huì)是參賽隊(duì)員的極佳人選,故選A。(注意:選項(xiàng)pairs形成很強(qiáng)干擾,若兩人結(jié)對(duì),應(yīng)為一對(duì),pair應(yīng)為單數(shù),因此可排除。)36.Dcourse課程;work工作;trip旅行;show節(jié)目,表演。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知學(xué)校被選中參加的是agameshow,故答案為D項(xiàng)。37.Cdirection方向;discussion討論;competition比賽,競(jìng)賽;conversation對(duì)話。本段前四句提到組隊(duì)只需要正式隊(duì)員5人加替補(bǔ)隊(duì)員3人,而報(bào)名者卻多達(dá)四倍,因此只能以競(jìng)賽的方式選拔,故答案為C項(xiàng)。38.Cspecial特別的;hard困難的;fair公平的;funny可笑的。從眾多的報(bào)名者中選拔隊(duì)員,競(jìng)賽是大家公認(rèn)的最公平的方式,故答案為C項(xiàng)。39.Aplace位置;rule規(guī)則;name名字;order命令。下一句中的thatlastposition表明其他位置均已確定,position與place在此處為同義詞,因此A項(xiàng)為正確答案。40.Atie打成平局,得分相同;clap鼓掌;cry哭喊;return歸還。最后一個(gè)位置的爭(zhēng)奪戰(zhàn)在兩個(gè)好朋友之間展開,兩人勢(shì)均力敵,故答案為A項(xiàng)。41.Cstill仍然;never從未;then然后;again又,再。作者在領(lǐng)先之后注意到好朋友Carla的表情,故答案為C項(xiàng)。42.B根據(jù)句意“Carla比我更想得到(這個(gè)位置/這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì))”可知此處需要的人稱代詞應(yīng)該代替前半句中的動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)tobeonSmartAleck,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有it有此功能,故選B。43.Dwait等候;turn轉(zhuǎn)彎;move移動(dòng);win獲勝。作者有意退讓一小步,以便讓好朋友Carla贏得比賽,故答案為D項(xiàng)。44.Baccept接受;realize意識(shí)到;consider思索;decide決定。Carla意識(shí)到自己獲得了參加SmartAleck節(jié)目的寶貴機(jī)會(huì),十分激動(dòng)。根據(jù)句意可知答案為B項(xiàng)。45.Dcome來(lái);refuse拒絕;help幫助;cheat欺騙。結(jié)合上文可以看出作者在選拔賽中本可以獲勝,卻故意輸給了Carla,還不讓對(duì)方知曉自己在這么做(否則會(huì)傷害到對(duì)方的自尊心),這是不是在比賽中欺騙對(duì)手呢?據(jù)此可知答案應(yīng)為D項(xiàng)。46.Bmean意味著;plan計(jì)劃,謀劃;regret遺憾;say說(shuō)。本句的主語(yǔ)是CarlaandI,句式為否定,即選拔賽的過(guò)程不是兩人事先謀劃好的,故答案選B。[長(zhǎng)難句]Severalweeksago,ourheadmaster,Mr.Gaudi,toldusthatourschoolhadbeenchosentocompeteonSmartAleck—agameshowwhichmybestfriendCarlaandIbothlove.幾周前我們的校長(zhǎng)高迪先生告訴我們說(shuō)我們學(xué)校被選中參加SmartAleck競(jìng)賽節(jié)目,這是我和好朋友Carla都喜愛(ài)的節(jié)目。本句中出現(xiàn)三組同位語(yǔ),即ourheadmaster和Mr.Gaudi;SmartAleck和agameshow;mybestfriend和Carla。另外還出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)從句,一個(gè)是toldus后面that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,另一個(gè)是which引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句。評(píng)析與往年完形填空題相比,2012年北京市中考完形填空難度相對(duì)較大,這一點(diǎn)從代詞的考查方向就可看出。以往完形填空中的考查代詞的題較為容易,通常指代故事中的人物,指代清晰,容易選擇,可歸為較易題;而2012年完形填空的第42題卻考查了it指代動(dòng)詞不定式的用法,這在中考完形填空題中較為罕見。另外往年完形填空側(cè)重動(dòng)詞辨析,名詞辨析只有1~2題,2012年名詞辨析卻有4道題(第35、36、37、39題),幾乎與動(dòng)詞辨析平分秋色(動(dòng)詞辨析共5道題,分別是第40、43、44、45、46題),考生應(yīng)當(dāng)多加注意。閱讀理解六、A[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一則通知形式的應(yīng)用文,內(nèi)容是邀請(qǐng)10到14歲的孩子去“太陽(yáng)谷”娛樂(lè)園參加活動(dòng),同時(shí)提出了一些注意事項(xiàng),如票價(jià)、午餐及出發(fā)時(shí)間等。47.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。正文第一句即提到孩子年齡應(yīng)在10到14歲之間,故選C。48.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。注意事項(xiàng)第二條建議孩子自帶午飯,故選B。49.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。倒數(shù)第二句提到7月1日可在BrownSchool登記報(bào)名,故選A。評(píng)析北京市中考閱讀選擇題的一貫特點(diǎn)是A篇通常為應(yīng)用文,題目設(shè)置較易,多為細(xì)節(jié)理解題,本文亦不例外。B[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了一個(gè)名為“Ping!”的大眾體育項(xiàng)目,地點(diǎn)是在一些英國(guó)城市街頭,時(shí)間從2010年至2012年?；顒?dòng)發(fā)起者在街頭設(shè)置乒乓球桌,并提供球拍和球供人們免費(fèi)使用,目的是讓人們共同享受體育運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來(lái)的快樂(lè)。50.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段第二句中提到該項(xiàng)目始于2010年,故答案為C。51.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段第三句解釋了“Ping!”這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的內(nèi)容,即“夏季在英國(guó)八個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)設(shè)置四個(gè)星期的免費(fèi)乒乓球桌”,故答案為D。52.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段第一句提到“Ping!”這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目的是希望大家一起運(yùn)動(dòng)、一起開心,故答案為C。評(píng)析作為中考閱讀的B篇,本文篇幅不短,但題目設(shè)置全是細(xì)節(jié)理解題,無(wú)疑降低了本篇閱讀的難度。此外文章題材涉及即將開幕的倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì),很有時(shí)代感。C[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,闡述了商品名稱的重要性。要想在商戰(zhàn)中取得輝煌勝利,不論是在國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng),還是在海外市場(chǎng),商品的名字都至關(guān)重要。有些公司為此不惜斥巨資以求之,結(jié)果證明高投入帶來(lái)高回報(bào)。好名字,你值得擁有。53.D推理判斷題。文章第二段第二句解釋了各國(guó)立法保護(hù)著名商標(biāo)(商品名稱)的原因,即“從而其他公司便不能制造外表類似的商品”,由此可以推斷這樣做是為了“防止商品被仿冒”,因此答案為D。54.B推理判斷題。文章第三段最后三句提到“有的起名公司會(huì)為一個(gè)有創(chuàng)意的商品名稱每個(gè)字要價(jià)10萬(wàn)美元,而這都是值得的。成功的公司都知道擁有合適的商品名稱對(duì)于公司的發(fā)展有多么重要?！庇纱俗C明“有創(chuàng)意的商品名稱能夠幫助公司實(shí)現(xiàn)更大盈利”,故選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。55.A主旨大意題。綜合全文可知,本文旨在闡述商品名稱對(duì)于商業(yè)貿(mào)易的重要性,因此文章題目應(yīng)包含兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞,一是“商品名稱”,一是“商業(yè)貿(mào)易”,因此可排除B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng),因?yàn)閮烧叨嘉刺岬缴虡I(yè)貿(mào)易;C意為“公司起名的規(guī)則”,顯然不符合文章主題;只有A項(xiàng)含有兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞,故答案為A。評(píng)析本文以商戰(zhàn)為背景,取材頗有時(shí)代感?？忌谧鲱}的同時(shí)也應(yīng)體會(huì)到語(yǔ)言“學(xué)以致用”的重要性。能熟練掌握多種語(yǔ)言,并能自如地進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換的學(xué)子,在未來(lái)職場(chǎng)和商場(chǎng)都將立于不敗之地,也許這才是命題者真正的意圖。D[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇議論文,旨在討論教育的真正目的和意義?，F(xiàn)在的學(xué)生執(zhí)意追求高分?jǐn)?shù),并認(rèn)為受教育的最終目的就是為了找到好工作、掙大錢,作者自己的女兒也不例外。作者本人顯然不認(rèn)可這種想法,以丹麥教育體制為例,提倡教育應(yīng)以興趣為引導(dǎo)方向,以培養(yǎng)快樂(lè)、有教養(yǎng)、懂規(guī)則的公民為目標(biāo)。一味追求高分?jǐn)?shù)則會(huì)導(dǎo)致孩子喪失人生自信,從小就成了失敗者。56.D推理判斷題。文章第一段提到作者的女兒對(duì)即將到來(lái)的考試有多么焦慮:“明天就要考試了,我還什么都不懂呢?！倍聦?shí)證明她考試成績(jī)不錯(cuò),并非真的什么都不懂——小女孩的焦慮源自她對(duì)分?jǐn)?shù)的過(guò)分追求,即“她把分?jǐn)?shù)看得太重了”,由此可以排除其他選項(xiàng),確定答案為D。57.D猜測(cè)詞義題。畫線詞obsession之后的介詞短語(yǔ)withgettingtopmarks表明本詞與“追求高分?jǐn)?shù)”有關(guān),再聯(lián)系上文中作者女兒考試前的焦慮,以及她考到9分(接近滿分)仍不滿足,可以推測(cè)obsession是對(duì)某種事物瘋狂追求的心態(tài),詞義應(yīng)為貶義,由此可以排除B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng);A項(xiàng)意為“顯而易見、不可避免的事實(shí)”,指obsession是一種客觀現(xiàn)象,而根據(jù)上下文可知obsession應(yīng)為個(gè)人的主觀意愿,因此A項(xiàng)被排除,答案為D。58.B推理判斷題。文章第四段第二句提到“對(duì)于分?jǐn)?shù)的興趣會(huì)傳達(dá)這樣一個(gè)信息,即結(jié)果最重要,而這種思想將使學(xué)生產(chǎn)生挫敗感,即使聰明的學(xué)生也不例外?！庇纱丝梢酝茢鄬?duì)分?jǐn)?shù)的過(guò)分關(guān)注會(huì)動(dòng)搖學(xué)生的自信心,據(jù)此排除C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng);A項(xiàng)說(shuō)“社交技巧和高分同等重要”,這顯然有悖于作者的觀點(diǎn),第四段最后一句表明作者認(rèn)為前者比后者重要,A項(xiàng)因此也被排除。故答案為B項(xiàng)。59.A主旨大意題。文章第五段中作者現(xiàn)身說(shuō)法,以自身經(jīng)歷證明在學(xué)校學(xué)到的文理知識(shí)并不重要,真正重要的是學(xué)會(huì)如何做一個(gè)有教養(yǎng)、會(huì)生活的快樂(lè)公民;結(jié)合文章前四段的描述和評(píng)論,可以看出作者的觀點(diǎn)是:對(duì)一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)者而言,興趣是最好的導(dǎo)師,快樂(lè)是學(xué)習(xí)的目的。B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)都在提分?jǐn)?shù)和考試的重要性,顯然不是作者的觀點(diǎn),D項(xiàng)說(shuō)教育的目的是為了工作和金錢,這更是作者極力反對(duì)的,因此答案為A項(xiàng)。[長(zhǎng)難句]ButJamessuggestsshowinganyinterestingradessendsthemessagethatwhatisimportantisresultsanditleavesstudentsfeelingfailureseveniftheyareverybright.但是詹姆斯認(rèn)為對(duì)于分?jǐn)?shù)的興趣會(huì)傳達(dá)這樣一個(gè)信息,即結(jié)果最重要,而這種思想將使學(xué)生有挫敗感,即使聰明的學(xué)生也不例外。此句句式結(jié)構(gòu)頗為復(fù)雜,整體上這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞suggests后接一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,其主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)showinganyinterestingrades;此賓語(yǔ)從句中又含有一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句,用來(lái)解釋message的內(nèi)容;而and后的并列分句中含有一個(gè)由evenif引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。評(píng)析此文的選材極富現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,傳達(dá)了命題人對(duì)教育現(xiàn)狀的思考。文章長(zhǎng)度符合以往北京中考D篇特點(diǎn),生詞量不低于3%。還有些詞看起來(lái)雖不陌生,卻具有非常陌生的用法,比如第三段第三句ShelookedatmeasifIwasthick,句中的thick一詞一度被考生認(rèn)為是sick的錯(cuò)拼,其實(shí)不然,麥克米倫高階詞典第1490頁(yè)關(guān)于thick的第7個(gè)詞條解釋如下:“(informal)stupid”,即“(非正式用法)愚蠢的”。這種“熟詞生義”是否會(huì)成為閱讀題中的常態(tài),值得引起考生注意。日常學(xué)習(xí)中要勤用詞典,多積累單詞的含義及用法,方能有備無(wú)患。七、[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇以環(huán)保為主題的說(shuō)明文,介紹了一種新型的廢水凈化系統(tǒng)——LivingMachine,此方法利用微生物和動(dòng)植物進(jìn)行污水處理,既簡(jiǎn)單又經(jīng)濟(jì),有著很好的應(yīng)用前景。60.C新型廢水凈化系統(tǒng)的發(fā)明者特德博士不但對(duì)凈水感興趣,“也對(duì)省錢感興趣”,這才催生了此項(xiàng)經(jīng)濟(jì)型廢水凈化系統(tǒng)。故答案選C。61.E第一段末尾提到了“LivingMachine”,第二段開始應(yīng)對(duì)此進(jìn)行解釋,即“LivingMachine是一種廢水凈化系統(tǒng)”,因此答案選E。62.D設(shè)空處