短文改錯(cuò)(公開(kāi)課)

短文改錯(cuò)

尤溪七中

宋慶彬概況高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)，考察學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的能力，從歷年短文改錯(cuò)來(lái)看，學(xué)生失分仍很多，下面談?wù)劧涛母腻e(cuò)解題技巧。短文改錯(cuò)常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)設(shè)置考點(diǎn)1：名詞命題特點(diǎn):本來(lái)用復(fù)數(shù),卻用單數(shù)；本來(lái)用單數(shù)，卻用復(fù)數(shù)。改正方法:(1)根據(jù)名詞前的修飾限定成份

(2)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系.例1.Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess.例2.Afterclasswebecomestrangeratonce.schoolmatesstrangers例3.TheywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothatI’llgetmarksinallmysubject.例4.OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful.例5.NowwecangetmillionsofinformationsfromtheInternet.subjectspicturesinformation考點(diǎn)2：代詞命題特點(diǎn)：1.男女性代詞用反；2.單數(shù)指代復(fù)數(shù)；3.代詞詞性用錯(cuò)；4.缺少人稱(chēng)代詞。

改正方法:根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系以及人稱(chēng)代詞的數(shù)和格的一致問(wèn)題.例1.Roseissuchakindgirlthatwealllikehimverymuch.例2.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.例3.Itwasaboutnoonwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited.hertheirus例5.SoonIbegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.例6.Mystorybookismuchmoreinterestingthanher.例7.OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.myselfhersit考點(diǎn)3：介詞命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：介詞涉及搭配錯(cuò)誤，因此可從以下方面確定錯(cuò)誤：1）介詞的基本用法；2）習(xí)慣搭配；3）動(dòng)詞詞類(lèi)確定錯(cuò)誤，如talk,,serve,wait等。記?。航樵~短語(yǔ)常?？?，固定搭配要記牢。介詞后邊跟賓語(yǔ)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境細(xì)推敲。例1.Thepatientsaretakengoodcarewellinthenursinghome.例2.We’lltalkwithourplanfortheweekendoverdinner.例3.Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.例4.Hewaslookingabook.aboutofforfor考點(diǎn)4：時(shí)態(tài)命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：現(xiàn)在時(shí)與過(guò)去時(shí)的誤用，句中一般沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。每年都考。要注意聯(lián)系上下文，著眼于整個(gè)語(yǔ)篇的時(shí)態(tài)。通常整篇都是過(guò)去，突然一個(gè)句子用現(xiàn)在時(shí)；或者通常整篇都是現(xiàn)在，突然一個(gè)句子用過(guò)去時(shí)。其中又以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)互改為多。例1.Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome;theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothatIcanmakegreatprogress.例2.Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.例3.Lastweek,hegoestoseeadoctor.dovisitedwent考點(diǎn)5：and/but/or/so誤用及前后不一致命題特點(diǎn)：主要考查and、or、but、so等并列連詞的誤用。

改正方法：1）根據(jù)句意確定錯(cuò)誤；

2）根據(jù)句子的邏輯關(guān)系確定錯(cuò)誤。例1.Sheissmilingatmebutnoddingatme.例2.Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood.例3.Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.andbutand例4.Hurryup,andyouwillmissthefirstbus.例5.Sheworkedhard,andshewasadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.例6.Manypeasantsowntheirair-conditionersbutsomeevenhavetheirowncars.or/otherwisesoand考點(diǎn)6：冠詞命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：英語(yǔ)中冠詞只有三個(gè)，只能從以下幾個(gè)方向出題：1）不定冠詞a和an互改；2）不定冠詞a或an和定冠詞the互改；3）根據(jù)需要增刪冠詞。例1.Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.例2.Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof,but---例3.WiththehelpofMr.LiIhavemadeagreatprogress.athe例4.RosecomesfromanEuropeancountrybutshecanspeakChinese.例5.Ihopeyou’vehadpleasantjourneyhome.例6.WeallthinkBettyisahonestgirl.aaan考點(diǎn)7：形容詞和副詞命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：主要考查形容詞和副詞的誤用、形容詞及副詞的比較級(jí)等。1）根據(jù)adj.或adv.的基本用法確定錯(cuò)誤；2）修飾名詞用形容詞，系表結(jié)構(gòu)用形容詞；3）修飾行為動(dòng)詞、形容詞、過(guò)去分詞及整個(gè)句子用副詞，在句首用副詞。例1.Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly.例2.TherehavebeenreportsinAmericaaboutpeopletryingtostealpersoninformationforbadpurposes.例3.Thelifeofthepeopleinthevillagehasgreatimproved.例4.FindinginformationontheNetiseasily.quietpersonalgreatlyeasy例5.TherearemanyforeignerscomingtoQingdaoforatourinrecentlyyears.例6.ClimateinBeijingismuchcoldthanthatinNanjing.例7.Thesouptastesgreatdelicious.例8.Fortunatehepassedthedrivingtest.recentcoldergreatlyFortunately考點(diǎn)8：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：1）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)用；2）動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞的錯(cuò)用；3）現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的錯(cuò)用等。例1.Repairinglastmonth,nowthebathroomopens.例2.TherearealotofpeoplelearnedEnglishinChina.例3.Youshouldhadabalancingdiettogrowahealthyman.例4.Whenshereturnedshefoundherbikelosing.Repairedlearningbalancedlost考點(diǎn)9：主謂一致命題特點(diǎn)改正方法：主謂一致性;第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)漏掉s，或主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了單數(shù);再就是就近原則對(duì)主語(yǔ)的影響。例1.Shegotoschoolbybikeat6:30inthemorning.例2.Isthereanybooksonthewritingdesk?例3.WhatsurprisedusmostwerethathehadpassedtheEntranceExamination.例4.Hereistheanswerstothequestions.goesArewasare短文改錯(cuò)小結(jié)做短文改錯(cuò)應(yīng)采取六個(gè)步驟和四不改。六個(gè)步驟：（1）通讀短文，整體把握短文大意。（2）細(xì)讀全文，逐句分析，把握結(jié)構(gòu)，逐一作答。（3）粗略分析詞法、句法、邏輯上是否有問(wèn)題。（4）逐行修改，先易后難。（5）復(fù)讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案。（6）要注意答題是否合乎規(guī)范。短文改錯(cuò)小結(jié)四不改：①標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不改。②大小寫(xiě)不改。③詞序錯(cuò)誤不改（不是不改，而是按錯(cuò)詞或少詞來(lái)改)。④綱外生詞不改。文中出現(xiàn)帶漢語(yǔ)注釋的詞，在句中不可能用錯(cuò).短文改錯(cuò)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)RowenaandBillyWrangleraremodelhighschoolstudents.Theystudyhard.Theydoextremewellonachievementtests.Andnextyear,RowenawillattendingHarvardUniversity.Billy,heryoungerbrother,hopetogotoCornell.ThatmakesRowenaandBillydifferentfrommoststudentsisthattheydon’tgotoschool.Infact,they'veneverbeentoschool.Sinceakindergarten,theyhavestudiedathome.NeitherRowenaorBillyfe