屆高考英語語法復(fù)習(xí)介詞（外研）

介詞一、方位介詞1．a(chǎn)bove，over，on；below，under，beneath(1)above側(cè)重于相對(duì)水平高度，不一定在正上方，其反義詞是below。(2)over側(cè)重于垂直高度，即位于正上方，其反義詞是under。(3)on側(cè)重于與物體表面接觸，其反義詞是beneath。Becareful，thereisaheavyboxoveryourhead.Thepositionhepointedtowasbelowthesealevel.2．a(chǎn)cross，over，through，pastacross意為“橫穿、穿越”，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在物體的表面。over意為“跨過，越過”，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在物體的上方。through意為“穿過，通過”，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在某物的空間。past意為“從……旁經(jīng)過”，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在某物旁邊。TheGreatWallwindsitswayfromwesttoeast，acrossdesert，overmountains，throughvalleystillatlastitreachesthesea.3．in，on，to在方位名詞前的區(qū)別。in表示在范圍之內(nèi)；to表示在某范圍之外的地方；on表示“毗鄰”“接壤”。ShandongProvinceis/liesintheeastofChina.Japanis/liestotheeastofChina.二、時(shí)間介詞1．a(chǎn)t，in，on，by，afteratinonbyafter2.for，from，sincefor后接時(shí)段的名詞詞組，表示行為狀態(tài)持續(xù)了多久。from接時(shí)間點(diǎn)的名詞詞組，表示行為或狀態(tài)的起始點(diǎn)，而不涉及其持續(xù)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短。since接時(shí)間點(diǎn)的名詞詞組，不僅表示行為或狀態(tài)的起始點(diǎn)，而且還強(qiáng)調(diào)該行為或狀態(tài)從起始點(diǎn)一直持續(xù)到此時(shí)此刻，因而與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。Mr.Brownenjoyedthecountrylifeandlivedthereforalmostfifteenyearsafterhisretirement.Myyoungersisterbegantolearndancingfromtheageoffive.HehasbeenworkinginTibetsincehegraduatedfromcollege.三、工具、手段、方式介詞1．by，in，on三詞都表示旅行的方式。by名詞前有冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞等時(shí)用on/in。traveltoNewYorkinthisplane；gotoschoolonmybike【說明】

步行、騎馬、騎駱駝均用on。onfoot，onhorseback,onahorse，onthecamel2．with，by，in三詞均譯為“用”，表示行為的工具、手段或方式。Theyarediggingwithapick/spade.byhand；ininkinEnglish/Japanese四、原因介詞Sheoftenhangsherheadforshame.Hewentredwithanger.ThesportsmeetwillbeputofftillnextSaturdaybecauseoftheheavyrain.Hisillnesswasduetosmokinganddrinking.ThankstotheParty’sgoodpolicy，thefarmersarenowlivingahappyandrichlife.五、介詞與某些詞類的搭配1．名詞與介詞的固定搭配(1)常與to搭配的名詞：key，answer，visit，apology，introduction(2)常與in搭配的名詞：interest，satisfaction，expert(3)常與on搭配的名詞：mercy，congratulation(4)常與其他介詞搭配的名詞：prizefor，respectfor，victoryover，strugglewith2．形容詞與介詞的固定搭配(1)與at搭配的形容詞：afraid，angry，good，bad，clever，surprised，excited，puzzled，frightened(2)與of搭配的形容詞：afraid，sure，certain，full，tired，fond，proud，worthy(3)與with搭配的形容詞：angry，strict，careful，busy，popular(4)與in搭配的形容詞：weak，strict，rich，interested，successful

(5)與to搭配的形容詞：next，good，polite，kind，cruel，rude，known，married，close，similar，due(6)與for搭配的形容詞：sorry，famous，fit，unfit，eager，anxious，hungry(7)與from搭配的形容詞：far，different，free，safe，absent，tired(8)與about搭配的形容詞：sorry，worried，anxious，careful，sure，Certain【注】

①同一形容詞與不同的介詞搭配其含義會(huì)不同。②of＋抽象名詞＝形容詞ofgreatvalue＝veryvaluableofnouse＝uselessamanofwealth＝awealthyman③to與情感名詞連用，表示“某種行動(dòng)后產(chǎn)生的感覺”：to＋one’s＋＝totheofsb.Muchtomyjoy，hewasquitefromdanger.④at與某些名詞搭配表示“一……就……”atthesightof

atthethoughtof過關(guān)落實(shí)1．Themanagersuggestedanearlierdate________themeeting.A．onB．forC．a(chǎn)boutD．with

解析：suggestadatefor為(某事)提議一個(gè)日期。答案：B2．Somepeoplechoosejobsforotherreasons________moneythesedays.A．forB．exceptC．besidesD．with

解析:besides同aswellas或inadditionto,表示“除……之外還有……”。答案：C3．Expertshavebeenwarning________ofthehealthriskscausedbypassivesmoking.A．a(chǎn)tatimeB．a(chǎn)tonetimeC．forsometimeD．forthetime

解析：for＋sometime表示“有一段時(shí)間”。答案：C4．—Ithinkheistakinganactivepartinsocialwork.

—Iagreewithyou________.A．inawayB．onthewayC．bythewayD．intheway

解析：inaway在某種程度上。答案：A5．Thisisajuniorschool.Youshouldgotoaseniorschool________girlsofyourage.A．forB．a(chǎn)boutC．fromD．to

解析：for此處意為“(專門)為(你這個(gè)年齡的女孩子們準(zhǔn)備的)”。答案：A6．Although________myopinion，theoldprofessordidn’tcomeupwithhisown.A．a(chǎn)gainstB．onC．forD．in

解析：against在本句中表示“反對(duì)，不贊同”。答案：A7．Fred，whohadexpectedhowitwouldgowithhisdaughter，hadagreatworry________hismind.A．onB．inC．withD．a(chǎn)t

解析：have...on/uponone’smind表“關(guān)心，為……擔(dān)心”。答案：A8．It’squite________mewhysuchthingshavebeenallowedtohappen.A．forB．behindC．a(chǎn)gainstD．beyond

解析：It’sbeyondsb.意為“某人不能明白”；beyond意為“(程度)

超出，為……所不及”。答案：D9．—Whendoweneedtopaythebalance?

—________September30.A．InB．ByC．DuringD．Within

解析：by此處意為“(時(shí)間)在……之前，不遲于”。答案：B10．Mysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwas________it.A．inhonourofB．inmemoryofC．infavourofD．insearchof

解析：inhonourof意為“尊敬”；inmemoryof表“為了紀(jì)念”；insearchof指“為了尋找”；infavourof則為“贊成、擁護(hù)、支持”，與against相對(duì)。答案：C11．IamafraidthatIwon’tbeabletospendtheweekendwithyouinDalian.________，IhavenomoneyandforanotherIamtoobusy.A．AfterallB．ForonethingC．AboveallD．Aswell

解析：foronething...，foranother...(用以陳述理由或觀點(diǎn))一則……，再則……。答案：B12．Hehesitated，wonderingifhehadaskedtoomuch________thelady.A．fromB．ofC．forD．to

解析：asksth.ofsb.期望，要求；asktoomuchofsb.要求過高。答案：B13．Thetwophrasesaresimilar____structurebutdifferent_____meaning.A．in；inB．to；toC．in；fromD．with；from

解析：besimilar/differentin意為“在……方面相似(不同)”。答案：A14．—ShallIcomeforthesuitonFriday?

—You’dbetternot.Itwon’tbeready________Friday.Youcancomeandcollectitnextweek.A．byB．tillC．a(chǎn)tD．a(chǎn)fter

解析：by此處意為“(時(shí)間)在……之前，不遲于”。答案：A15．Thisyearthewhiteducksarenolongerlovelyinlocals’eyes，

________theirfearofbirdflu.A．exceptforB．d