2023年云南省西雙版納傣族自治州勐?？h考研《英語一》模擬試題含解析

2023年云南省西雙版納傣族自治州勐?？h考研《英語一》模擬試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Susiehasbecomeourherobysavingourlivesfromanupcomingtrafficaccident．EveryChristmas，wevisitmyparentswholivenearly400milesawayfromus．Itisalwaysa/an19to10-hourdrive，butwealwaystryto2itbecausethat'stheonly3myparentsgettoseetheir4．Oneyear，Iwasthedriver，mywifeAdrianawasinthepassengerseat；mythreekidswereall5inthebackseat．Wetried6ourdogSusieintohercarrier，butshe7refusedtobeplacedthere，sothekidsdecidedtoputherbytheirfeet．Thatyear，wetraveledatnighttoavoidthe8holidaytraffic．Thefirstthreehourswerefine．Mythreekidswereallfastasleepinthe9seat，includingSusiewhowas10ontheirlap．Mywifeaccompaniedmeandkeptme11throughthat12fewhoursofdriving．Butbyaround1：00am，she13asleeptoo．Iwasalsoverysleepybythattime，soIstoppedatasmallstoreandtriedtowakemyselfupwithacupofcoffeewhichhelpedforseveral14．Butsoontheboringdriving15itsoon．Ihadfallenasleepatthe16whenSusie17wokemeupbyjumpingontomylap．WhenIopenedmy18，Isawtheglaringheadlightsofthetruck19towardsourcar．Iquicklydrovethecarbacktoourlane．Ihad20missedhittingthetruck．1、A．tiring B．frightening C．exciting D．encouraging2、A．catch B．make C．get D．do3、A．day B．month C．season D．time4、A．sons B．daughters C．grandchildren D．relatives5、A．seated B．buried C．a(chǎn)sleep D．a(chǎn)wake6、A．placing B．forcing C．helping D．setting7、A．slightly B．completely C．greatly D．strongly8、A．light B．busy C．heavy D．free9、A．back B．driver C．passenger D．front10、A．howling B．lying C．sitting D．crying11、A．down B．out C．up D．off12、A．last B．first C．happy D．sleepy13、A．lay B．kept C．went D．fell14、A．miles B．hours C．times D．metres15、A．stopped B．fought C．beat D．changed16、A．road B．shop C．seat D．wheel17、A．politely B．coolly C．hardly D．roughly18、A．car B．door C．eyes D．window19、A．driving B．heading C．coming D．racing20、A．narrowly B．nearly C．skillfully D．onlySectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1NowadayssixAmazonScoutdeliveryrobotsrolledoutinapilotprograminSnohomishCounty,Wash.Therobotscarrymeals,groceriesandpackagestohomesandofficesinthisregionjustnorthofSeattle.TheyhaveappearedonthesidewalksofLondon,Beijingandothercitiesandcommunitiesworldwide.Thesemachinesmustovercomepedestrianlegs,naughtydogsandbrokenpavement,whichraisessomequestions.Theseservicesaregainingattractionasagrowingnumberofcityresidentsexpectimmediateorscheduleddeliveryforjustabouteverything.Between2017and2018onlineretailsalesintheU.S.increasedby16percent.Onthefinalstepofallthesedeliveries,calledthelastmile,humansonbicycles,motorizedscooters(電動車)orlargedeliverytruckstypicallydeliverpackages.Allthevehiclescompeteforspaceonbusyurbanstreets.“Deliveriesaretrendingupwardsinallcrowdedcitycenters,andifcityandstateleadersdon’tstartthinkingaboutcreativesolutionslikerobotdeliveries,wecanexpectevenworsetrafficjams,”saysPaulMackie,directorofatransportationpolicyresearchcenterinArlington.Astudybythiscenterfound73percentofdeliveryvehiclesinArlingtonwereparkedoutsideofauthorizedareas,oftenblockingbikelanesandcrosswalks.Bymovingthelaststepofdeliveriesfromtheroadtothesidewalk,citiescouldreducetrafficjamsandsolvetheparkingproblementirely,Mackiesays.CompaniessuchasAmazonarenotdevelopingthisdeliverytechnologysimplytoclearupurbantraffic.Self-drivingvehiclesandsidewalkrobotscouldcutdownlast-miledeliverycostsincitiesbyasmuchas40percent,accordingtoa2018reportbyaconsultancyfirm.Adeliveryrobotcancostthousandsofdollarstomanufacture,andmostcurrentlyrequirehumanmanagementandconservation.Butinthelongruncompaniesthatuseautonomousdeliveryvehiclesinthenextseveralyearscouldendupsavingbillionsofdollars,thereportstated.1、WhydoesAmazonintroducedeliveryrobots?A．Toamuseitscustomers.B．Toavoidpedestrians,dogsandbrokenpavement.C．Tomeettheincreasingdemandofdeliveringpackages.D．Toconfirmthecompany’sinnovationspirit.2、WhatdoesPaulMackiemeanbyhiswordsinparagraph2?A．RetailsalesintheU.S.increasedfast.B．Deliveriesstaysteadyinallcrowdedcitycenters.C．Regardlessofrobotdeliveries,trafficjamswillremainthesame.D．Robotcanhelpeasethetrafficpressure.3、Whatcanrobotsdeliverybringtothecity?A．Blockbikelanesandcrosswalks.B．Relieveurbantrafficaswellassavedeliverycosts.C．Increasedangertopedestrians.D．Leadtotraffictrafficjams.4、Whichwordcanbestdescribethefutureoftherobotdelivery?A．Uncertain. B．Hopeless. C．Promising. D．Unacceptable.Text2InAustralia,thebilby(兔耳袋貍)projectisseenasanimportantpartinprotectingthenation’swildlife.Bilbiesareknownfortheirlongearsandlargebacklegs.Theyusuallysleepduringtheday,andareawakeatnight.Theylookalotlikerabbitsandgrowtoabout2.5kilograms.Forthefirsttimein2018,bilbiesarerunningwildinSoutheasternAustralia.ThesmallanimalswereoncewidespreadacrossmuchofAustralia,butwerelastobservedinthewildinNewSouthWalesstatein1912.Everyyearbilbypopulationscontinuetodecrease.Wildlifeexpertsareafraidthatthebilby,asmallmarsupial,couldeventuallydisappearforever,eitherbecauseoflandclearingorfires.Anotherreasonisathreatfromcatsandfoxes,whichhuntdownandkillbilbies.InnorthernNewSouthWalesstate,environmentalistsarecelebratingwhattheyarecallingahistoricmoment.Thirtybilbiesfromacaptivebreedingprogramhavebeenreleasedintoalargepredator-freeenclosedareanorthofSydney.Withouttheprotectionofa32-kilometerfence,expertssaytheanimalsprobablywouldnotsurvive.TimAllardheadstheAustralianWildlifeConservancy,whichisinvolvedintheproject.Hesaysthereleaseofthesebelovedanimalsisabigdeal.“Therearesomeremainingwildbilbypopulations,buttheygetpredateduponheavilybyferalcatsandfoxes.Bilbiesonlyreallysurvivebehindfencedareas.”AllardsaidthepointofdoingthisprojectistoreturnthecountrysidetowhatitusedtobebeforeEuropeansarrived.“Sointhenot-too-distantfuture,youwillbeabletogoinsidethefencedareasanditwillbelikesteppingbackbeforeEuropeansturnedup,”hesaid.1、Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?A．Theshapeofthebilby. B．Thehabitofthebilby.C．Theweightofthebilby. D．Thecharacteristicsofthebilby.2、ThefollowingsarethereasonsforBilbies’disappearanceEXCEPT________?A．Trees’clearing. B．Fires’bursting. C．Cats’hunting. D．Foxes’killing.3、Whatdocstheunderlinedword“enclosed”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Involved. B．Protected. C．Hunted. D．Enlarged.4、FromAllard’swords,whatdoweknow?A．Thereleaseofbilbiescanmakemuchmoney.B．Catsandfoxescausethedecreaseofbilbies.C．Naturereservesareneededtoprotectbilbies.D．Europeansshouldn’tturnupinthecountryside.Text3Jobsquicklybecameboredwithcollege.HelikedbeingatReed,justnottakingtherequiredclasses.Infact,hewassurprisedwhenhefoundoutthattherewerestrictcourserequirements.WhenWozniakcametovisit,Jobswavedhisscheduleathimandcomplained,“Theyaremakingmetakeallthesecourses.”Wozniakreplied,“Yes,that’swhattheydoincollege.”Jobsrefusedtogototheclasseshewasassignedandinsteadwenttotheoneshewanted,suchasadanceclasswherehecouldenjoyboththecreativityandthechancetomeetgirls.“Iwouldneverhaverefusedtotakethecoursesyouweresupposedto,that’sadifferenceinourpersonality.”saidWozniaksurprisedlyandadmiringly.Jobsalsobegantofeelguiltyaboutspendingsomuchofhisparents’moneyonaneducationthatdidnotseemworthwhile.“Allofmyworking-classparents’savingswerebeingspentonmycollegetuition(學(xué)費).”hedetailedhisexperienceinafamousceremonyaddressatStanford.“IhadnoideawhatIwantedtodowithmylifeandnoideahowcollegewasgoingtohelpmefigureitout.AndhereIwasspendingallofthemoneymyparentshadsavedtheirentirelife.SoIdecidedtodropoutandtrustthatitwouldallworkoutokay."Hedidn’tactuallywanttoleaveReed；hejustwantedtoquitpayingtuitionandtakingclassesthatdidn’tinteresthim.Surprisingly,Reedtoleratedthat.“Hehadaveryinquiringmindthatwasenormouslyattractive,”saidthedeanofstudents,JackDudman.“Herefusedtoacceptautomaticallyreceivedtruths,andhewantedtoexamineeverythinghimself.”DudmanallowedJobstoauditclassesandstaywithfriendsinthedormsevenafterhestoppedpayingtuition.“TheminuteIdroppedoutIcouldstoptakingtherequiredclassesthatdidn’tinterestme,andbegindroppinginontheonesthatlookedinteresting,”hesaid.Amongthemwasacalligraphy(書法)classthatappealedtohimafterhesawpostersoncampusthatwerebeautifullydrawn.“Ilearnedaboutserifandsansseriftypefaces(字體),aboutvaryingtheamountofspacebetweendifferentlettercombinations,aboutwhatmakesgreattypographygreat.Itwasbeautiful,historical,artisticallyfineinawaythatsciencecan’tcapture,andIfounditfascinating.”ItwasyetanotherexampleofJobsconsciouslypositioninghimselfattheintersection(相交點)oftheartsandtechnology.Inallofhisproducts,technologywouldbemarriedtogreatdesign,elegance,humantouches,andevenromance.“IfIhadneverdroppedinonthatsinglecourseincollege,theMacwouldhaveneverhadsomanytypefaces.AndsinceWindowsjustcopiedtheMac,it’slikelythatnopersonalcomputerwouldhavethem.”MeanwhileJobshadahardtimeatReed.Hewentbarefootmostofthetime,wearingsandalswhenitsnowed.ElizabethHolmesmademealsforhim,tryingtokeepupwithhisobsessivediets.Hereturnedsodabottlesforsparechange,continuedhislonghardjourneystothefreeSundaydinnersattheHareKrishnatemple,andworeadownjacketintheheatlessgarageapartmentherentedfor$20amonth.Whenheneededmoney,hefoundworkatthepsychologydepartmentlabmaintainingtheelectronicequipmentthatwasusedforanimalbehaviourexperiments.OccasionallyChrisannBrennanwouldcometovisit.Theirrelationshipdevelopedabnormally.Butmostlyhetendedtothebeginningofhisownsoulandpersonalgoalforenlightenment(開明).“Icameofageatamagicaltime,”hereflectedlater,“OurconsciousnesswasraisedbyZen,andalsobyLSD．”Evenlaterinlifehewouldcreditcertaindrugsformakinghimmoreenlightened.“TakingLSDwasavaluableexperience,oneofthemostimportantthingsinmylife.LSDshowsyouthatthere’sanothersidetothecoin,andyoucan’trememberitwhenitwearsoff,butyouknowit.Itheightenedmysenseofwhatwasimportant—creatingwonderfulthingsinsteadofmakingmoney,puttingthingsbackintothestreamofhistoryandofhumanconsciousnessasmuchasIcould.”1、JobsandWozniakdifferedin________.A．a(chǎn)pproachtofreedomB．a(chǎn)ppetiteforknowledgeC．a(chǎn)ttitudetorequirementsD．a(chǎn)ffectionforcollegelife2、OnefactorinJobs’decisiontoleavecollegeisthat________.A．hisfamilywasinabsolutepovertyB．hewantedtobeindependentofhisparentsC．hewouldn’thavehisparents’moneywastedD．thecollegecouldn’tpreparehimforhissetgoal3、FromJackDudman’sstatementwecanseethatJobswas________.A．ratherdifficulttogetalongwithB．quitegoodatsolvingproblemsC．toostubborntochangehismindD．veryseriousaboutexistingbeliefs4、Theunderlinedword“audit”inParagraph3means“________”.A．a(chǎn)ttendinformallyB．missoccasionallyC．givesuccessfullyD．conductirregularly5、Jobsworkedontypefaceswhilesufferingfromahardlife________.A．toprovehisvaluetothewholeworldB．tobringsomethinggreatintoexistenceC．tomakehimselfwealthyforabetterlifeD．toshowcollegewasunimportanttohim6、Whichofthefollowingcanbethepropertitleforthepassage?A．StayOutB．DropOutC．HoldOutD．WorkOutText4Google,oneoftheworld’soutstandingtechcompanies,wasattacked.Itwasn’titssearchenginethatwasattackedoritsadvertisingplatformorevenitssocialnetwork.Google+.Instead,itwasabuilding.Twowebsecurityexpertshacked(侵入)intoitsWharf7officeinSydney,Australia,throughGoogle’sbuildingmanagementsystem(BMS).Oneofthem,BillyRios,says,“MycolleagueandIhavelotofexperienceinwebsecurity,butitisnotsomethingthatpeoplecouldn’tlearn.Onceyouunderstandhowthesystemworks,itisverysimple.”TheyfoundthesystemonShodan,asearchenginethatlistsdevicesconnectedtotheInternet,andthenranitthroughtheirownsoftwaretoidentifywhoownedthebuilding.InthecaseoftheGooglehacking,theresearchershadnoimmoralpurposeandjustinformedGoogleaboutwhattheyfound.AccordingtoMrRios,whorunssecuritycompanyWhitescope,thereare50,000buildingscurrentlyconnectedtotheInternet,includingresearchinstitutes,churchesandhospitals,and2,000ofthoseareonlinewithpasswordprotection,MartynThomas,aprofessorofITatGreshamCollegeintheUK,says,“Itisbeyonddoubtthatattemptstoattackbuildingmanagementsystemsarehappeningallthetime.”Makingabuildingsmartgenerallymeansconnectingthesystemsthatcontrolheating,lightingandsecuritytotheInternetandthewidercorporatenetwork.Therewasastrongreasonfordoingthis,saidAndrewKelly,principalsecurityconsultantatdefencecompanyQinetiq.“Energysavingsarethebiggestfactorinconnectingbuildingmanagementsystemstothecorporatenetwork,”hesays.“Itgivesthosewhorunthebuildingbettercontrolandoffersbetween20%to50%inenergysavings,”headds.Butitalsomakesthemlesssecure.AndifanyofthesefeelslikeaHollywoodfilm,thinkagain.1、HowdidBillyRiosandhiscolleaguehackGoogle’sbuilding?A．TheyinventedasearchengineandconnectedittoGoogle’sbuilding.B．TheyworkedforGoogleandmasteredhowthebuildingworked.C．TheyusedGoogle’sBMStofindouttheownerofthebuilding,D．TheyconnectedtheirownsoftwaretothebuildingtorunGoogle.2、InthecaseoftheGooglehacking,theresearchershadtheintentionof________.A．a(chǎn)nalyzingsomeimmoralproblemsB．explainingthereasonsforenergysavingsC．enteringGoogle’sbuildingtosavemoreenergyD．tellingGoogleabouttheWharf7office’shiddendanger3、What’sthemainideaofParagraph4?A．Thebuildingmanagementsystemsofsomebuildingsareindanger.B．Therearemanyresearcherscontributingalottowebsecurity.C．Theattackonbuildingmanagementsystemshappensallovertheworld.D．TherearetoomanybuildingsconnectedtotheInternettobemanagedwell.4、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthewayoftheenergysavingsofsomebuildings?A．Ambiguous.B．Negative.C．Indifferent.D．Favorable.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)語法填空Wikipediasaysthataherois“acharacterwho,inthefaceofdanger,displayscourageandthewilltosacrificehimself”．Adictionarydefinesahero1．“apersonwhoisadmiredforgreatorbraveactsorfinequalities”．Tome,aperson'sheroissomeonetheycanrelyon,someoneprovidingendless2．(encourage)andunconditionalloveandsomeonewhostickstoyouthroughthickandthin,and3．keep)stickingtoyouevenwhenyouwantthemtoleaveForme,thatpersonismygrandma4．wasalwaysmysupporterMygrandmalivedthroughdeathandloss,5．wokeupeverymorningwithasmileonherfaceShelived1,729milesaway,yetmanaged6．(visit)usfourtimesayearShetaughtfor34years,andwastheonewhoinstilled(逐漸灌輸)theloveofwritingintomeAlwaysencouragingmetowrite,she7．(help)megrowasapersonOfthe8．(lesson)shetaughtme,theoneIwillalwaysrememberis9．Ishouldliveahappylife,goabouteverythingwithasmileandnevertakemyselftoo10．(serious)．So,here'stomygrandma,myhero,mysupportgroup,andmybestfriendDoyouhavesleepingproblems?Ifso,thenthesetipsmayhelpyoufallasleepfastSetasidethethoughtthatyouhavetofallasleepThemoreyouthinkofit,the1．(hard)youwillfallasleepThefoodsyoueatalsoplay2．importantpartAvoideatingordrinkingthingslikechocolates,coffee,teaandenergydrinksIfyouhaveto,thenhavetheminthemorningandneverintheafternoon,3．(especial)beforegoingtobedDon’teattoomuchatnightAfullstomachwillmakeitmoredifficultforyou4．（fall）asleepbecauseyourbodyisworkingmoretimetodigestthefoodyouateMakeafixedtimetogotobedForexample,by9o’clockintheeveningyoushouldalreadybe5．bedDothisevenifyou’renotsleepyyetOnce6．(follow)thisroutine,youwillgraduallyseethatyouwillfeelsleepywhenit’s9o’clockintheeveningMakeyourroom7．(comfort)forsleepingYoushouldalsotakenotesthatthesleepingenvironmentalso8．(affect)yoursleepItmustbeintheroom9．it’snotnoisyOtherwise,youwillfind10．difficulttofallasleepagainafterwakingupSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Mostoftoday'sChineseAmericansarethedescendants（后代）ofsomeoftheearlyminersandrailroadworkers.Fromthestart,theChinesehadlivedapartintheirownseparateneighborhoods.1、.Ineachofthemtheresidentsorganizedanunofficialgovernmenttomakerulesforthecommunityandtosettledisputes.ChineseAmericanskeepmanyaspectsoftheirancientculture,evenafterhavinglivedhereforseveralgenerations.Forexample,2、.Membersofthefamilylendeachothermoralsupportandalsopracticalhelpwhennecessary.Fromaveryyoungage,theoldvaluesandattitudes,includingrespectfortheireldersandafeelingofresponsibilitytothefamily,arepassedfromtheoldergenerationtotheyoung.3、.Thehighregardforeducation,whichisdeeplyrootedinChineseculture,andthewillingnesstoworkveryhardtogainadvancement,areothernoteworthycharacteristicsoftheirs.4、.ChineseAmericansmakeuponlyatinypartofAmericanpopulation;therearefewerthanamillion,livingchieflyinCalifornia,NewYork,andHawaii.AsAmericanattitudestowardminoritiesandethnicdifferenceshavechangedinrecentyears,5、.A．theChineseAmericanshavegainedwideacceptance.B．theirfamilytiescontinuetoberemarkablystrong.C．Thisexplainswhysomanydescendantsofuneducatedlaborershavesucceededinbecomingdoctors,lawyers,andotherprofessionals.D．savingmoneyandpassingdowntheirfortunetotheiryoungisalwaysthecustom.E.Thishelpstoexplainwhythereissolittlejuveniledelinquency(青少年犯罪)amongthem.F.Laterthosecametobeknownas“Chinatowns”.G.Nowadays,kidsarelivingseparately,farawayfromtheirparents.Switchingfromchildhoodtoadulthoodcanbechallenging.1、Workonnotactinglikeachildbymanagingyouremotions.Withalitebit