2023年河南省洛陽市孟津縣考研《英語一》臨考沖刺試卷含解析

2023年河南省洛陽市孟津縣考研《英語一》臨考沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Songsbringusthroughourlife.EachtimeIlistentomyfavoritesongReach,I’mdeeply1byitslyrics:“IfIcouldreachhigher,justonemomenttouchthesky...”Whenwehearthis2songsungbyGloriaEstefan,wecan3imaginehowshemanagedtoreturntothestageafterherseriousbackinjury.In1990,thisCubansingerwas4downinaterribletrafficaccident,andthedoctor5thatshemightneverwalkagain.ButGloriadidnot6andkeptonworkinghardtowardher7.Justoneyearafterthedisaster8,shestoodupagainand9thisencouragingsongattheAtlantaOlympics.WheneverIthinkofGloria,a10crowdsinmymind.WhenIentereduniversity,naturallyshy,ordinarylooking,andwith11scoresinmylessons,justlikeanuglyduckling.Iseemedtobethe12outstandingoneinmyclass.Continuousfailuresdrovemeinto13.“AmItotakeabackseattoeveryoneelse?”14togiveintosuchafateIsparednoefforttoworkonmylessonsandjoinedinmany15,suchasEnglishspeechcontestsanddramas.Ijustwantedtocatcheverylittlechanceto16myself.Mycontinuouseffortsfinallypaidoff.Ireceivedsome17.Moreimportantly,I18courageandconfidencetofaceanydifficultyinmylife.19isjustlikefarming.You20whatyousow.Onceyouhaveadream,don’thesitate.Keepmoving!1、A．convinced B．disturbed C．impressed D．discouraged2、A．entertaining B．inspiring C．boring D．puzzling3、A．easily B．simply C．finally D．hardly4、A．knocked B．cut C．pulled D．turned5、A．a(chǎn)rgued B．declared C．doubted D．a(chǎn)dded6、A．giveaway B．giveback C．giveout D．giveup7、A．goal B．journey C．a(chǎn)chievement D．recovery8、A．happened B．ended C．lasted D．returned9、A．wrote B．recorded C．presented D．covered10、A．fancy B．view C．memory D．question11、A．standard B．poor C．high D．excellent12、A．most B．more C．least D．very13、A．hopelessness B．weakness C．trouble D．a(chǎn)nger14、A．Free B．Eager C．Disappointed D．Unwilling15、A．parties B．games C．a(chǎn)ctivities D．meetings16、A．satisfy B．improve C．enjoy D．forgive17、A．a(chǎn)wards B．thanks C．gifts D．comments18、A．confirmed B．gained C．combined D．requested19、A．Luck B．Belief C．Life D．Competition20、A．harvest B．reserve C．expand D．discoverSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1ChinesefashiondesignerWangTaoreleasedherfall-winter2019collectioninNewYorkonFebruary9,thetenthtimeherbrand,TaorayWang,hasbeenfeaturedattheNewYorkFashionWeek.SittingonthefrontrowoftheshowwereU.S.PresidentDonaldTrump’syoungestdaughterTiffanyTrumpwithhermotherMarlaMaples,aswellasformerFoxNewshostKimberlyGuilfoyle.TiffanyTrump,afanofTaorayWang,woreacustommadewhitedouble-breastedcoatbyWangtoherfather’sinauguration(就職典禮)ceremonyinJanuary2017.Wang’slatestcollection,Eternity,ispartlyinspiredbyTiffanyTrump.Inthiscollection,Wangcombinestheunconventionalbeautyofthe1970s,representedbyfamousAmericanmodelLaurenHuttonandthefemalelookfavoredbypeoplesuchasTiffanyTrump.Thetwowomenarefromintwodifferentagegroupswithtwodifferentstylesbutbothareconfidentandbrave,saidWangwhileattendinghershowinManhattan.“Beautyisnotabouttimeorage.It’sallaboutattitude.’’AlongwithChina’sgrowingeconomicstrength,Chinesefashionhasgraduallygainedworldwideattention,saidWang,addingthatonlywhenmoreandmoreforeignerswearclothesdesignedbyChinesepeople,willitmeanarealriseofChinesefashionontheglobalstage.Wanghasadiversebackground.WithadegreeinhistoryfromEastChinaNormalUniversityinShanghai,WanggotaseconddegreeinfashionfromJapan’stopfashioninstituteTokyoModeGakut'n,whereshereceivedfiveinternationalawardsindesign.ShewasselectedbyJunkoKoshino—awell-kownJapanesedesigner,toheadthestudioasthechiefmen’sdesigner.Torealizeherglobalcareerambitions,WangthenleftJapantogototheUKwheresheworkedasaleadingdesigner.In2002shereturnedtoChinaandledtherepositioningofbroadcast:bo,makingitoneofthetop10Chinesewomen’slabels.WangiscurrentlyaboardmemberoftheShanghaiRiboFashionGroup.1、WhoprobablygaveWang’sinspirationforherlatestcollection?A．TiffanyTrumpandMarlaMaples. B．JunkoKoshirioandKirnbrlyGuilfnyle.C．TiffanyTrumpandDonaldTrump. D．TiffanyTrumpandLaurenHutlon.2、WheredidWangTaowinfiveinternationalawardsindesign?A．InTokyo. B．InNewYork. C．InManhattan. D．InShanghai.3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．BothTaorayWangandboarewellreceived.B．WangTaoworkedinUKasachiefmen’sdesigner.C．ItistheTrumpwhomakeWangTaobecomefamous.D．WangTaostudiedfashioninEastChinaNormalUniversity.4、Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．WangTao’sdiverseeducationbackground.B．AChinesedesigner’swayontheglobalstage.C．ThedesignstyleofaChinesefashiondesigner.D．WangTao’sfall-winter2019collectioninNewYork.Text2Exposinglivingtissuetosubfreezingtemperaturesforlongcancausepermanentdamage.Microscopicicecrystals(結(jié)晶體)cutcellsandseizemoisture(潮氣),makingdonororgansunsuitablefortransplantation.Thus,organscanbemadecoldforonlyafewhoursaheadofaprocedure.Butasetoflastingnewantifreezecompounds(化合物)—similartothosefoundinparticularlyhardy(耐寒的)animals—couldlengthenorgans’shelflife.ScientistsattheUniversityofWarwickinEnglandwereinspiredbyproteinsinsomespeciesofArcticfish,woodfrogsandotherorganismsthatpreventbloodfromfreezing,allowingthemtoflourishinextremecold.Previousresearchhadshownthesenaturalantifreezemolecules(分子)couldpreserveratheartsat-1.3degreesCelsiusforupto24hours.Buttheseproteinsareexpensivetoextract(提取)andhighlypoisonoustosomespecies.“Foralongtimeeveryoneassumedyouhadtomakesynthetic(人造的)alternativesthatlookedexactlylikeantifreezeproteinstosolvethisproblem,”saysMatthewGibson,achemistatWarwickwhoco-authoredthenewresearch.“Butwefoundthatyoucandesignnewmoleculesthatfunctionlikeantifreezeproteinsbutdonotnecessarilylooklikethem.”Mostnaturalantifreezemoleculeshaveamixtureofregionsthateitherattractorrepelwater.Scientistsdonotknowexactlyhowthisprocesspreventsicecrystalformation,butGibsonthinksitmightthrowwatermoleculesintopush-pullchaosthatpreventsthemfromtuningintoice.Tocopythismechanism,heandhiscolleaguessynthesizedspiral-shapedmoleculesthatweremostlywater-repellent—buthadironatomsattheircentersthatmadethemhydrophilic,orwater-loving.Theresultingcompoundsweresurprisinglyeffectiveatstoppingicecrystalsfromforming.SomewerealsoharmlesstotheroundwormCaenorhabditiselegans,indicatingtheymightbesafeforotheranimals.“Thesecompoundsarereallycoolbecausetheyarenotproteins—theyareothertypesofmoleculesthatnonethelesscandoatleastpartofwhatnaturalantifreezeproteinsdo,”saysClaradoAmaral,abiologistatMountSt.JosephUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.Gibson’santifreezecompoundswillstillneedtobetestedinhumans,however,andmaybeonlypartofasolution.“Wedon’thavethewholepictureyet,”doAmaraladds.“It’snotjustonemagicalcompoundthathelpsfreeze-tolerantorganismssurvive.It’sawholesuiteofadaptations.1、Whatwillhappeniforgansarekeptforalongtimeintemperaturesbelowzero?A．Theywillhaveicecrystalformationinside.B．Theywillnotsufferpermanentdamage.C．Theywillhavelongershelflife.D．Theywillbefitfortransplantation.2、Whatcanwelearnaboutnaturalantifreezeproteins?A．TheylooklikeGibson’santifreezecompounds.B．Theyarecomposedofantifreezemoleculesharmlesstootherspecies.C．Theyarespiral-shapedandhaveironatomsattheircenters.D．Theycanbefoundinorganismslivinginfreezingcoldweather.3、Howareantifreezemoleculespreventedfromicecrystals?A．Bycreatingcompoundsbothwater-repellentandwater-loving.B．Byextractingtheproteinsfromsomehardyanimals.C．Bymakingsyntheticalternativeslikeantifreezeproteins.D．Bycopyingspiral-shapedmoleculesmostlywater-resistant.4、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Push-pullchaosmightpreventwatermoleculesfromturningintoice.B．Thefinalsolutiontopreservingdonororganshasbeenfoundrecently.C．ChemicalsinspiredbyArcticanimalscouldlengthenorgans’shelflife.D．Gibson’santifreezecompoundscandowhatnaturalantifreezeproteinsdo.Text3Theorderlycamebackinafewminuteswitharifle（步槍）andsomeBurmans.Hetoldusthattheelephantwasinthericefieldsbelow,onlyafewhundredyardsaway.AsIstartedforwardpracticallythewholepopulationofthequarterflockedoutofthehousesandfollowedme.TheyhadseentherifleandwereallshoutingthatIwasgoingtoshoottheelephant.Itwasfuntothem,asitwouldbetoanEnglishcrowd;besides,theywantedthemeat.Itmademealittleuneasy.Ihadnointentionofshootingtheelephant—Ihadmerelysentfortherifletodefendmyself—anditisalwaysuneasytohaveacrowdfollowingyou.Imarcheddownthehill,lookingandfeelingafool,withtherifleovermyshoulderandanever-growingarmyofpeopleknockingandpushingatmyheels.Beyondthehutstherewasaricefieldathousandyardsacross,muddyfromthefirstrains.Theelephantwasstandingeightyardsfromtheroad.Hetooknottheslightestnoticeofthecrowd.Hewastearingupbunchesofgrass,beatingthemagainsthiskneestocleanthemandfeedingthemintohismouth.AssoonasIsawtheelephantIknewwithperfectcertaintythatIoughtnottoshoothim.Itisaseriousmattertoshootaworkingelephant—itiscomparabletodestroyingahugeandcostlypieceofmachinery.There,peacefullyeating,theelephantlookednomoredangerousthanacow.IthoughtthenandIthinknowthathisattackof“must”wasalreadypassingoff,inwhichcasehewouldmerelywanderharmlesslyabout.Moreover,Ididnotintheleastwanttoshoothim.ButatthatmomentIglancedroundatthecrowdthathadfollowedme.Itwasanimmensecrowd,twothousandattheleastandgrowingeveryminute.Ilookedattheseaofthefacesabovethecolorfulclothes—facesallhappyandexcitedoverthisbitoffun,allcertainthattheelephantwasgoingtobeshot.Theywerewatchingmeastheywouldwatchamagicianabouttoperformatrick.Theydidnotlikeme.ButwiththemagicalrifleinmyhandsIwasmomentarilyworthwatching.AndsuddenlyIrealizedthatIshouldhavetoshoottheelephantafterall.ThepeopleexpecteditofmeandIhadgottodoit;Icouldfeeltheirtwothousandwillspressingmeforward.AnditwasatthismomentthatIfirstfeltthehollowness,theuselessnessofthewhiteman'scontrolintheEast.HerewasI,standinginfrontoftheunarmedcrowd—seeminglytheleadingactor;butinrealityonlyapuppet(傀儡).Iunderstoodinthismomentthatwhenthewhitemanturnsrulerofcompletepoweritishisownfreedomthathedestroys.1、Thepeopleweregladtothinktheelephantwastobeshotmainlybecause______.A．ithaddamagedtheirhomesandcropsB．itwouldprovidethemwithmeatC．itwouldmakethemfeelentertainedD．itwasspoilingtheirricefields2、Whenthewritersawtheelephanthefelt.A．foolish B．a(chǎn)fraid C．pitiful D．confident3、Thewriterrealizedthathehadtoshoottheelephantbecause.A．shootingelephantsisaseriousproblemB．everybodyexpecteditofhimC．hedidnotwishtodisappointtherulersD．hehadtoshowhowgunsarefired4、Whatdoesthewriterintendtotellsuswhenhetellsthestory?A．Leadingactorsaresometimesfoolishpuppets.B．Governmentforwhitepeopleareuseless.C．Powercansometimesturnpeopleimprisoned.D．Unarmedcrowdsareincontrolofeverything.Text4BrightSidedidsomeresearchonmanyplacesthroughouttheworldwhereyoucanbuyahousefor1dollarorforfree!Roubaix,FranceIfyoulikeFrance,RoubaixlocatedinthenorthofFranceisjustforyou.Thelocalauthoritieswantittobepopulatedandattractive.Youcanbuyasmallhouseintheindustrialdistrictforjust$1.Thebuyerissupposedtoliveinthishousefor3years.Buffalo.USABuffaloofferswhoeverqualifiestobuyahousefor$1.Allyouneedistobealawfulcitizenofthecityandinvestamountofmoneyintoitsdecoration.Doingthis,theauthoritiesarehopingtomakethecitybeautifulagainwithoutspendingmoney.Liverpool,GreatBritainInLiverpool,mostofhouseswereabandonedbytheworkingclassduringtheyearsofunemployment.Thegovernmentistryingtosellthehousesforjust$1.Ifyouwanttobuysuchahouse,ithastobeyourfirstdealonbuyingproperty(不動產(chǎn)).Candela,ItalyIfyoustillhaveanydoubtsaboutspendingSIonahouse,youshouldknow:thegovernmentwillpayyousomemoney,ifyoumovetoCandela.Inordertobepaid,youneedtobecomeapermanentcitizenandhaveanincomeof$72peryear.Ifmovinga,ne,youwillgetS800,andifyouaregoingwithyourfamily,thepaycanbefourtimesasmuchasonlyoneperson.Formoreinformationofothercities,pleaseClickHere.1、WhydotheauthoritiesofBuffaloprovideahouseforpeoplewith1$?A．Toimprovethelivesofpoorpeople.B．Tomakethecityattractiveatnocost.C．Tosolvetheproblemsofemployment.D．Toattractpeopletotheindustrialareas.2、Whatisrequiredtobuyahousefor1dollarinLiverpool?A．Youneedtobeanunemployedcitizen.B．Youshouldliveinthehousefor3years.C．Youmustmakethefirsthousepurchase.D．Youhavetorepairanddecoratethehouse.3、HowmuchmoneycanyougetifmovingtoCandelawithawholefamily?A．$3200 B．$1C．$800 D．$724、Wheredoesthispassagecomefrom?A．a(chǎn)textbook. B．a(chǎn)magazine.C．theInternet. D．a(chǎn)nannouncement.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)語法填空Thereareallkindsof1．(celebrate)throughouttheworldDifferentcountrieshavedifferentfestivalsFestivalsofthedeadareheldtohonorthedeadortomaketheancestors2．(satisfy)Festivalscanalso3．(hold)tohonorfamouspeopleForexampleinChina,theDragonBoatFestivalhonorsthefamousancientpoet,QuYuanAmongallthefestivals,themost4．(energy)andimportantonesarespringfestivals5．lookforwardtotheendofwinterandtothecomingofspringChineseNewYear,also6．(call)SpringFestival,hasmorethan4,000yearsofhistoryBeingoneofthetraditionalChinesefestivals,itisthegrandestandmostimportantfestivalforChinesepeopleMostemployeesinChinahaveatleastsevendaysoffwork,7．(include)threedays'legalholiday,whilestudentstakeonemonthabsencefromschoolInthepastpeople8．(observe)theSpringFestivaltofightagainstthemonster"Nian"wholikedtoeatchildrenanddomesticanimalsThemonsterwasafraidofredcolorandloudsound9．,peopledecoratedtheirhousesinredandsetofffireworkstofrightenitawayTheSpringFestivalisthetimetomakeeverybodyhappySodon’tsayanyominous（不吉利的）wordsordoanythingthatwillbring10．(happy)tootherpeopleWiththeamazingdevelopmentinChina,allChina'smajorcitieshavegoodtransportnetworksTherearethetourbuses,minibuses,taxis,aswellaspublicbusesBusesinChinesetownsarealways1．(crowd)Thefaredependsondistance,andispayabletothe2．(conduct)ofbusesAtaxiisoften3．mostconvenientmeansoftravelinthecityTheyareavailableatairports,railwaystationsandhotelsandeveninurbanareasThetotalfaredependsonthestartingmeterprice,4．canrangefrom5to12yuan,andthedistanceExtrafees5．(charge)forwaitingandlowspeeddrivingduringtrafficjamsIfyoutakeataxiafter11pm,a20percentsurcharge6．(apply)overthebasicfareTheminibusisacompromisebetweenthe7．(relative)expensivetaxisandfullpublictransportTheirchargeisalittlemorethanthatofthebus,about2yuanormore8．(depend)ondistance,butitisveryconvenient,becauseitcanstop9．a(chǎn)nypointyouwantalongtherouteTourbuses,normally10．(equip)withairconditioningandTV,aremanagedbytravelagencies,hotelsandairportsandprovidedforshorttoursAtourguideisusuallypresentonsuchbusesSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Whenyouarewaitinginfrontofatheateroratthetrainterminals,youwillrealizehowimportantpunctualityis.Punctualityisreallyavirtue,especiallyinabusycity.1、Punctualityisthemainconstituent(構(gòu)成部分)ofgoodcharacter.2、Ontheotherhand,apersonwhoisalwayslateshowshisselfishnessandthoughtlessnessandheisnotworthytobefriendswith.Somepeopleoftensaythattheycannotalwaysbepunctualsincetrafficissoheavythesedays.3、Aseverybodyknows,wemightmeetanunexpectedjamontheroads,soweshouldleaveabitearlierfortheappointmenttoensurethatwewouldnotbelate.4、.Whentheyfinallyarrive,theykeeponsayingsorrytotheirfriendsandthenexplain.Theexcuseisnotalwaystrafficjam.Sometimestheycomplainthattheyhavemetafriendontheroadorhavehelpedablindmantocrosstheroad.Somealsoliketoblametheirwatches,theclocksathomeorintheoffice.Tosuchpeople,wecannothelpbutsaysorrythatwehavecometooearly.Yetafterall,suchsmartfellowswillsoonfindthatgraduallytheirfriendsbecomefewerandfewer.Perhapsatthattime,theywouldrealizehowimportantpunctualityis.5、.Sowhenweareyoung,weshouldtrytobepunctualeverytimeandneverbelate,foritismuchmoreeasilyacquiredinyouththanwhenweareolder.A．Tobeornottobepunctualisahabit.B．Itispolitetobepunctualwhenyouareinvitedtoaparty.C．Somepeoplealwayshavealotofexcusesforcominglate.D．Ithinktrafficjamcannotbeanexcuseforbeinglate.E.Inwesterncountries,punctualityisveryimportantinsociallife.F.Perhapsifeverybodywerepunctual,therewouldbelesssufferingandsorrow.G.Apersonwhoisalwaysontimeforhisappointmentshowsrealconsiderationforothers.ThisIsWhyTrafficLightsAreRed,Yellow,andGreenEverwonderedwhybluedoesn’tmeangoandbrownmeanstop?1、.Theideathatredmeansstopandgreenmeansgohasimpactedourl