2023年湖北省宜昌市虎亭區(qū)考研《英語一》臨考沖刺試卷含解析

2023年湖北省宜昌市虎亭區(qū)考研《英語一》臨考沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Ibelieveinmiracles（奇跡）becauseI’veseensomanyofthem．Oneday，apatientwasreferredtomewhowasonehundredandtwoyearsold．“There’sa1，”shesaid．“Itoldmyowndentistit’snothing，buthe2Icometoseeyou”Hereighty-year-oldsonaccompaniedher．Hewould3toaddsomething，butshestoppedhim．Shewantedtotelleverythingherself．IfoundalargecancerthatspreadovermuchoftheZXXK]4ofhermouth．Acarefulexaminationlater5thatitwasaparticularlybadsortofcancer．Duringhernextappointment，Iexplainedtoherthe6oftheproblem.Sheclaspedmyhandinhersandsaid，“Iknowyou’reworriedaboutme，butI’mjust7．”Ithoughtotherwise．Afterconsiderable8onmypart，andkindnessonherpartbecauseshewantedto9me，sheagreedtohavemereferhertoacancersurgeon．Shesawhim，butasIexpected，10treatment．Aboutsixmonthslatershereturnedtomyoffice，stillenergeticand11．“Howareyou?”Iasked．“I’mjustfine，honey，”sheresponded12highspirits．“WhencanIgetstartedonfixingmydentures（假牙）?”Surprisedtoseeheratall，Ianswered13，“Letmetakealookinyourmouthandwe’llseeaboutit.”Icouldn’tbelievemyeyes．Thecancerthathad14nearlytheentireroofofhermouthwasgone—onlyonesmallareaofredness15．Ihadreadofsuchthingshappening，buthad16seenthemwithmyowneyes．Thatwasmyfirstmiracle．SincethenI’veseenmanyothers，becausetheykeepgetting17tosee．Infact，miraclesaredailyeventsformenow．Andpeopleareamiracle，18throughthemwehaveachancetoknowourselvesandto19themiraclesofoneanother．Sincemyfirstmiracle，I’vecometounderstandthatthetimeandplaceforamiracleis20wechoosetofindit．1、A．cut B．pain C．wound D．cancer2、A．declared B．suspected C．promised D．insisted3、A．refuse B．continue C．a(chǎn)ttempt D．manage4、A．roof B．corner C．bottom D．surface5、A．confirmed B．convinced C．considered D．concluded6、A．possibility B．importance C．seriousness D．resolution7、A．old B．sick C．fine D．glad8、A．permission B．support C．a(chǎn)pproval D．effort9、A．persuade B．please C．encourage D．a(chǎn)stonish10、A．declined B．provided C．received D．required11、A．healthy B．elegant C．optimistic D．humorous12、A．to B．in C．with D．by13、A．worriedly B．confusedly C．patiently D．confidently14、A．covered B．reached C．spread D．grown15、A．cured B．faded C．expanded D．remained16、A．ever B．a(chǎn)lso C．never D．a(chǎn)lready17、A．easier B．rarer C．happier D．closer18、A．or B．so C．yet D．for19、A．read B．make C．keep D．see20、A．whatr B．wherever C．whoever D．whicheverSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1ThismessageistoinformallthechildrenthatSanta’spostofficeinHimmelpfort,Germany,isopentoreceiveyourholidaywishes.ThatmeansyoucanmailyourletterstoSantaabout6weekssoonerthanthatlastyear.Santaknowsyou’vebeengoodandwantstomakesureheandhishelpersreceiveyourwishlistearlier.EightpostofficesareorganizedacrossGermanytoansweralltheletterschildrensend.Thisyeartheyplantoreceiveover250,000letters.Thoughthelettersflyfromover80differentcountries,Santaandhishelperscanunderstandandmakesuretoansweralltheletters.In1984,twochildrenfromBerlinsenttheirwishliststoHimmelpfortafterspendingtheirvacationthere.TheirletterswereansweredbypostalemployeesandlaterHimmelpfortincreaseditshelperstomeettheneedsofincreasedmailtraffic.Yearafteryear,Santaandhiscrewuseaneco-friendlypoweredvehicletocollectthethousandsofletterstheyreceivefromyoungboysandgirls.ThegreatnewsforthisyearisthatifyoucometothebeautifultownofHimmelpfort,youcandropoffyourletterandvisitSantainperson,fromTuesdaystoThursdaysuntilChristmasEve.Santadoesnotcurrentlyhaveane-mail,TwitteroraFacebookaccount.Hebelievesinold-fashionedcommunication.Sogetoutyourpaperandwriteyourwishlist.Justmakesureyourletterisclearsoyoucanreceiveanofficialresponse.SendyourletterstoSantaChristmasPostOfficeHimmelpfortGermany167981、ThisyearSantaandhishelpers.A．a(chǎn)reeagertoreceivemorewishesB．keeptravelingaround80countriesC．a(chǎn)reabletoreceivekids’lettersearlierD．a(chǎn)nswermostofthelettersforkids2、Fromthe3rdparagraph,weknowthat.A．childrenfromBerlinlikespendingholidaysinHimmelpfortB．postofficessendkidsallthepresentstheyaskforC．SantausesapoweredvehiclebecauseoftheheavymailtrafficD．childrencanvisitSantainthefleshbeforeChristmasEvethisyear3、Santadoesn’thavesocialcommunicationsonlineprobablybecausehe.A．isnotsureabouttheonlinesecurityB．truststraditionalwaysofcommunicationC．prefersofficialandformallettersD．thinkswrittenlettersareclearerthane-mails4、Thistextisintendedfor.A．touristscomingtoHimmelpfortB．teenagerspreferringwritinglettersC．parentspreparingforChristmasD．childrenplanningtowritetoSantaText2Apartfrompsychologicalillness，wearealllargelyresponsibleforourownemotionalhealth.Whatwesaytoourselvesoverandoverfordays,weeks,months，andsometimesyears,hasagreateffectonhowweseeourselves.Thisalsocontributestomanymentalhealthdisorders.Manyofushaveproblemswithnegativethoughtsplayingonthechannelofourminds,butifyou’reburiedinthemandbelievethem,theycouldbewearingyoursenseofself-esteem.Hereareafewbeliefsthatindicateyoumayneedtoswitchthechannel：I’mnotgoodenough?/Idon’tdeserve...?/Noonelikesme?/I’mafailure?Negativethoughtsremindyouofyourbadfeelingsandtheybringyourfocusonyourfailures,andtheygetyounowhere.Whatcanyoudo?Herearesomesuggestions：Switchthechannelwhennegativethoughtsappear.Self-talkisnotsoobviousthatweoftendon’tnoticeitseffectonourmoodandbeliefsystems.Keythingstonoticeare“ifonly”or“whatif”statements:theformerkeepsyoucaughtinthepastwithregret,whilethelatterkeepsyoufearfulofthefuture.Thereisnothingyoucandoaboutthepast,andthefutureisn’thereyet,sostayinthepresentmoment.Recognizethatactionsalwaysfollowbeliefs.You’llfindyourselfbehavinginwaysthatareconsistenttoyourbeliefs.So,startbelievingthebestaboutyourself：actasifyoubelievethatyou’reavaluableandworthyperson.Developpositiveselftalkratherthannegativeself-talk.Insteadofalwayslookingdownuponyourselfinyourhead,thinkofsomethingsyouactuallylikeaboutyourself.Whatareyourstrengths?Whatareyougoodat?Insteadofsaying“I’maloser”，trysaying，“Iamcapable./I’mgoodat.../IacceptmyselfthewayIam.”Thinkingpoorlyaboutourselvesgetsusnowhereandisextremelyself-limiting.Decidetodaytoturnoffthenegativeself-talkchannelinyourmindanddevelopyourtruepotential.1、Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswecanlearnthat________.A．lotsofpeoplehavenosenseofself-esteemB．focusingonnegativethoughtsmayhavebadeffectonpeopleC．negativethoughtswillstrengthenoursenseofself-esteemD．fewpeoplehavenegativethoughtsandmentalproblems2、Theunderlinedword“wearing”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto________.A．strengthening B．protectingC．weakening D．replacing3、Whatdothesuggestionsinthetexttellus?A．Ourbeliefsalwayscomeafteractions.B．Positiveself-talkdoesgoodtoourmentalhealth.C．Lookingdownuponourselvesisasignofmodesty.D．“Whatif”keepsyoustuckinthepastwithregret.4、Thetextencouragesusto________.A．getridofnegativethoughtsB．getanywherewelikeC．thinkhighlyofothersD．turnofftheself-talkchannel5、Thistextismostlikelytoappearin________.A．a(chǎn)recreationguide B．a(chǎn)medicaljournalC．a(chǎn)sciencetextbook D．a(chǎn)travelbrochureText3Afreshlybakedrollisasdelightfulasasoft，lightcloudonasummer'sday.Whatgivesbreadmuchofitsappealingtextureisgluten，agroupofproteinsfoundinwheat.Butinpeoplewithceliacdisease(乳糜瀉)，glutendamagesthesmallintestine(腸).Manyothersmayhavemilderglutenintoleranceandavoidfoodsthatcontainit.Mostgluten-freebreadismadefromalternativeflourssuchasriceorpotato，soittastesandfeelsdifferentfromwheatbread.Now，however，researcherssaythattheyhavefoundawaytogeneticallyengineerwheatthatcontainsfarlessofthemosttroublesometypeofgluten—butstillhasotherproteinsthatgivebreaditscharacteristictasteandspringiness.Geneticallymodifiedcropsarethesubjectoffiercedebatearoundtheworld.ThebiggestconcerninvolvesthepracticeofinsertingDNAfromonespeciesintoanother，saysFranciscoBarro，aplantbiotechnologist.Toavoidthisgeneticcrossover，Barroandhiscolleaguesusedthegene-editingtechniqueCRISPR／Cas9tocutselectedgenesfromawheatgenome(基因組).Theirstudyzeroedinonalpha-gliadins(α-膠質(zhì)蛋白)，glutenproteinsbelievedtobewheat’smajortroublemakersintheimmunesystem.Theresearchersdesignedbitsofgeneticmaterialthatdirectedthescissor-likeCas9proteintocutout35ofthe45alpha—gliadingenes.WhenthemodifiedwheatwastestedinaPetridish，itproducedan85percentweakerimmuneresponse，theteamreportedonlinelastSeptemberinPlantBiotechnologyJournal.WendyHarwood，acropgeneticistattheJohnInnesCenterinEngland，whowasnotpartofthestudy，notesthattheengineeredwheathasalongwaytogobeforeitcanbeturnedintoanythingmarketable.“Idon’tthinkit'stheendofthestory.”shesays.“Thisisjustareallyimportantstepinmaybeproducingsomethingthatisgoingtobeincrediblyuseful.”Todevelopacompletelysafestrainofwheatforceliacpatients，theresearchersmayneedtotargetmoreoftheglutengenes.Barrosayshisteamisworkingonthat.1、What’sthetextmainlyabout?A．Makinggluten—freebread.B．Advantagesofgluten-freewheat.C．Debateaboutgeneticallymodifiedcrops.D．Developinggeneticallyengineeredwheat.2、Whyisbreadmentionedinparagraph1?A．Toadvertiseanewstudy.B．Toraisethetopictobewrittenabout.C．Toprovidesomeadviceforthereaders.D．Topopularizesomeinformationaboutmedicine.3、Whatconcernspeoplemostaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Geneticcrossover.B．Gene-editingtechnique.C．ThepracticeofusingDNA．D．Thesubjectoffiercedebate.4、What’sWendyHarwood’sattitudetowardsengineeredwheat?A．Alittlealarmed.B．Mildlysurprised.C．Somewhatopposed.D．Cautiouslyoptimistic.Text4Businessdependsonproductivityandemployee’sinteraction(互動)withcustomers.Themoreproductiveacompanyisandthebetteritscustomerserviceis,themoreincomeitmakes.Productivityismeasuredbytheoutputofemployees.Nootherfactorinfluencesproductivityandcustomerinteractionmorethanhowtheemployeesthinkabouttheirjob.Workingenvironmentsarenotthesame.BlameDonais,inhisbookWorkplacesThatWork,definescultureas“asystemofsharedbeliefs,valuesandnorms(規(guī)范)thatshapebehavior”.Thissystemofsharedbeliefscreatestheatmosphereinwhichtheemployeesworkanddeterminestheirworthinthecompany,theiropportunitieswithinthecompanyandtheiropinionsoftheirmanagers.Areviewofthecultureoftheworkplacehelpsthemanagementteamtocreatemodelsthatinspireamoreproductiveandemployee-friendlyculture.Understandingtheworkplaceculturegivesthemanagementinsight（洞察力）astowhathinders(阻礙)production,whatcanbechangedandwhatpoliciescanbeadded.Negativeculturesdiscourageemployees,formhavingopinions.Thisisgenerallyaresultofamanagementteamthatonlyseesemployeesfortheirproductionvalues.Employeeswhodon’tfeelvaluedmoveontocompaniesthatencouragetheirinput.Thehighturnoverresultsinlessqualifiedemployees.Positiveworkplacecultureskeepmoreemployees.Employeeswhoremaininpositionsforextendedperiodsoftimedeveloprelationshipswithpreferredcustomersandcanoftenbethereasonthatacustomerdoesbusinesswithacompany.Motivatedemployeesvaluethecompany’sassets（資產(chǎn)）more,andtheirdecisionsreflectthisvalue.JoanHodgins,amanagementpsychologist,insiststhat“Researchshowsorganizationsthatarecommittedtodevelopingandmaintainingacultureof‘dignityatwork’,harvestthebenefitsintermsoffinancialresults.”BlameDonaisadvisesthatlargeworkplacesbeawareofsubculturesthatcandevelopindifferentregionsintheworld.Largecompaniesmayneedoutsidehelptocreatenationalorglobalplatformstoencourageaunitedcultureamongalltheirlocations.1、Whatinfluencesacompanymostaccordingtothetext?A．Itscustomerservice.B．Itsefficientproduction.C．Itsmanagers’workattitude.D．Itsemployees’opinionsaboutwork.2、WhatcanwelearnaboutBlameDonais’attitude?A．Hethinspeoplehavedifferentopinionsonnegativecultures.B．Hethinkslargeworkplacesshouldmaintainadifferentculture.C．Hethinksthesystemofsharedbeliefsisnotfitforworkplaces.D．Hethinkssubculturesareofgreatimportancetolargeworkplaces.3、Whatwaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheImportanceofWorkplaceCultureB．TheDisadvantagesofWorkplaceCultureC．HowtoChooseaQualifiedCompanyD．HowtoEmployQualifiedEmployeesPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Mediaisknowntobethemost1．(power)meansofcommunicationPrintmedia,electronicmediaandtheInternetallbelongtomassmediaNewspapers,newsletters,magazinesandbrochures2．(include)inprintmedia,whiletheelectronicmediaconsistsofthetelevision,radioandothermodesofcommunicationInternetiswithoutdoubtthefastestknownwayofcommunicating3．millionsofpeopleacrosstheglobeEffectsofmassmediacanbepositiveaswellasnegativeThebestthingaboutthemassmediaisthatitimmediatelyprovidesuswiththelatestinformationaboutthethings4．(happen)aroundusBecauseofthekeeneffortsanddevotionofthepeopleworkinginthemediaandtheentertainmentsector,ourknowledge5．(remain)freshWiththisknowledge,webecomemoresmartandoutgoingMediais6．giftforyoungstersinmanywaysTheygetusefulinformationrelatedtotheircareerandhigher7．(educate)mostlythroughthemassmediaThoughmassmediahasmanypositiveeffects,therearesome8．(harm)associatedwithitaswellThenews9．ispublishedwithoutcheckingwhetheritisafactornotcancreateunnecessaryconfusionandextremefeelingsamongthecommonmassesItbecomesthedutyofmedia10．(provide)onlyrelevantandpreciseinformationtothemassesIntheWest,somepeoplebelievethatpersonalitycanbepredictedaccordingtothebloodtype1．thepersonwasbornwithPeoplewithbloodtypeA,forexample,2．(consider)morelikelytobeserious,hard-working,andquiet,whilepeoplewithbloodtypeOarelikelytobepopularandoutgoing,yetoftenunable3．(finish)whattheystartThoughthisbeliefcontinuestobestrong,somepeoplequestionwhetheritistrueTheblood-typepersonalitytheory4．(start)inJapanin1927whenFurukawaTakehinoticedpersonalitysimilaritiesand5．(different)amonghisworkersThisideasoonwentoutoffashion,6．itwasbroughtbackbyaJapanesetelevisionhostnamedToshitakaNomiinthe1970sThebeliefisstillstronginJapanandisincreasinglypopularinneighboringcountriesMostAsiansmightbelieve7．theblood-typetheory,butformanyitseems8．(harm)andnotsomethingtobetakentooseriouslyIsthebelieftrue?ThescientistsinAsialargelydismiss(摒棄)thebeliefasamodern-daysuperstition(迷信)Moststudieshavefailedtofindanystrong9．(connect)betweenbloodandpersonality10．(general),scientistswarnagainstmakingpredictionsorimportantdecisionsbasedonthisquestionabletheorySectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)TheapplicationprocesstoalmosteverycollegeanduniversityintheUnitedStateshasseveralpartstoit.Eachparttellsadmissionsofficialsattheschoolssomethingdifferentaboutanapplicant.1、Alistofthestudent'sactivitiesoutsideofschoolcanshowwhathisorherinterestsare.2、Init,studentsareexpectedtowriteaboutthemselvesandexpresstheirpersonalopinionsaboutanissue.Thestatementhelpsadmissionsofficersanswerquestionstheymayhaveaboutagivenstudent.3、Someschoolswillaskanapplicantaveryspecificquestion.Otherswillletthestudentchoosebetweendifferentsubjectsorsimplywriteaboutanythingtheywant.Generallyspeaking,thereisnooneperfectwaytowriteanessay.4、Thiscouldbeaboutadifficulttimewhentheyweregrowinguporameaningfulrelationshiptheyhad.However,theyshouldalsobecarefulaboutthesubjecttheychoose.Manystudentsthinkthattellingasadstorymakesthemeasytoremember.5、Whattheywantisanessayaboutanythingthatistrulyspecialorimportanttothestudent,andwhichalsoshowstheirbetterqualities.Inaddition,itshouldshowthestudent'sunderstandingoftheworldandwhattheirexperiencesorwayofthinkingwillbringtotheschool.A．Everyschoolhasitsownwayoflookingattheessay.B．Gettingstartedinthewritingprocesscanbedifficult.C．Butthatisnotnecessarilywhatadmissionsofficialswanttosee.D．Classgradescanshowthesubjectsastudentisstrongin,forexample.E.Therefore,remembertoavoiddiscussingtopicslikepoliticsandreligion.F.Givenachoice,studentsshouldchoosetowriteaboutanissuetheycareabout.G.Butnothingreallytellsthestoryofanapplicantaswellastheessayorpersonalstatement.Anewstudysuggeststhatthetimingofawoundaffectsthespeedatwhichitheals(治愈)